CN208612964U - A kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape - Google Patents
A kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape Download PDFInfo
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- CN208612964U CN208612964U CN201820431612.XU CN201820431612U CN208612964U CN 208612964 U CN208612964 U CN 208612964U CN 201820431612 U CN201820431612 U CN 201820431612U CN 208612964 U CN208612964 U CN 208612964U
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- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitters of truncated conical shape, belong to ultrasonic transmitter field.Truncated conical shape is surrounded by the PVDF piezoelectric membrane 1 of the identical partial circle shape of two-part structure feature, can realize the adjustment of the resonance frequency and ultrasonic wave launch angle of sensor by changing the parameters such as frustum cone height, top surface radius and bottom surface radius.The utility model has many advantages, such as with wide, 360 ° of horizontal beam angle, vertical beam angles not less than 160 °.Suitable for fields such as three-D ultrasonic positioning, ultrasonic distance measurement, robot obstacle-avoiding, handwriting input, level gaugings.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to ultrasonic transmitter field more particularly to a kind of applications using PVDF Piezoelectric Film for Designing
Ultrasonic transmitter in air.
Background technique
The development of material science, which realizes, produces at low cost and makes sensor.Kynoar (PVDF) is a kind of electricity
Living polymer has piezoelectric property at room temperature, for sense temperature, pressure, velocity and acceleration etc..It is that one kind has
The ferroelectric polymers of special performance is widely used in medicine and bio-imaging field.PVDF and air have good sound simultaneously
Impedance matching, suitable for generating ultrasonic wave in air.
PVDF ultrasonic transmitter is a kind of vibration progress acoustically radiating using PVDF piezoelectric membrane under alternating current driving
The device penetrated, common structure PVDF piezoelectric membrane and apply boundary condition and made of external structure form.PVDF ultrasound
The basic functional principle of wave launcher are as follows: when alternate electrical signal is applied on PVDF piezoelectric membrane, film is imitated due to inverse piezoelectricity
It answers that deformation occurs, and generates vibration displacement, to radiate acoustic energy in peripherad medium.
United States Patent (USP) " Omni-directional ultrasonic transducer apparatus and staking
Method " (application number US6400065B1) discloses a kind of sensor device of cylindrical shape, sets around acoustic receiver
Shell is set, the material of shell can resist the propagation of sound wave, and shell is equipped with the aperture to partially overlap with surface electrode, PVDF piezoelectricity
The sound wave generated on film changes the angle for receiving wave beam by the different designs in aperture by aperture radiation.Device benefit
The angle for changing acoustic irradiation with the mode of addition shell, increases the complexity of equipment, and shell will lead to sound wave loss.Together
When, which can provide 360 degree of horizontal beam angle, but it is smaller to be vertically oriented beam angle.
Document " Cylindrical PVDF Film Transmitters and Receivers for Air
The author of Ultrasound " be Minoru Toda, for periodical " IEEE transactions on ultrasonics,
Ferroelectrics, and frequency control ", 626-34 pages of 5 phases of volume 49 in 2002.The content of the document is to close
In the research of cylindrical PVDF ultrasonic sensor performance, wherein to the vertical direction of cylindrical PVDF ultrasonic sensor
Beam angle is measured, and the measurement result of -3dB and -6dB are respectively ± 17 ° and ± 36 °.It can be seen that cylindrical
One disadvantage of PVDF ultrasonic sensor is that vertical direction beam angle is smaller.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape, it is therefore an objective to expand ultrasonic transmitter three
Transmitted wave beam angle is tieed up, the complexity of ultrasonic transmitter equipment is reduced, reduces cost, increase the beam angle of vertical direction, is sent out
Penetrate sound wave angle adjustable.
The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that: it is pressed by the PVDF of the identical partial circle shape of two-part structure feature
Conductive film surrounds truncated conical shape.
The utility model in the PVDF piezoelectric membrane of two parts annulus shape of composition, external arc pair string length
Greater than Inner arc length of tangent degree, that is, meet cos (α/2) > l/L, wherein α is the radian value of segment angle, l is Inner arc half
Diameter, the radius that L is external arc.
The surface electrode of piezoelectric membrane described in the utility model is using aluminizing or silver-plated, and electrode is by film bottom end by conducting wire
It draws.
The relationship of the base angle θ of the direction of the launch edge of the utility model ultrasonic wave and the angle δ of rotary table top surface and rotary table are as follows:
δ=50 °+θ, wherein θ=acos (α/π), α are the radian value of segment angle.
Utility model has the advantages that using the identical part circle of two-part structure characteristic using PVDF piezoelectric membrane
Ring-shaped film connects two parts film along the edge of radial direction, and seam crossing uses ultrasonic bonding, forms truncated cone-shaped
The PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of shape, electrode are drawn from transmitter bottom end.Since PVDF thin film only has relatively by force in molecular orientation
Piezoelectric property, so in the ultrasonic transmitter of design, in order to improve seam crossing ultrasonic wave transmitting intensity, to make thin
Film includes that the film size of molecular orientation is big as far as possible.In the partial circle shape membrane structure of the ultrasonic transmitter of design, enable
The length of string corresponding to external arc is greater than Inner arc length of tangent degree, improves the intensity of seam crossing ultrasonic wave transmitting.
When PVDF piezoelectric membrane loads alternating voltage, the vertical direction on PVDF piezoelectric membrane surface generates piezoelectric vibration,
Emit ultrasonic wave, vertical beam angles are about 80 °.In the truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic transmitter of design, side forms one
Inclined-plane with certain angle.The inclined-plane of rotary table makes the launch angle of ultrasonic wave change.So when emitting ultrasonic wave, it can
To change the size of truncated conical shape and the angle on inclined-plane according to actual needs, to adjust the launch angle of ultrasonic wave.This is practical
The novel truncated conical shape PVDF ultrasonic transmitter is not less than 160 ° in the angle of coverage of vertical direction ultrasonic wave.
The utility model truncated conical shape PVDF ultrasonic transmitter can provide 360 degree of omnidirectional's horizontal beam directive property.
The PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of the utility model truncated conical shape can be by choosing different top surface radiuses, bottom surface half
The parameters such as diameter and frustum cone height adjust the frequency range and ultrasonic wave launch angle of transmitter, to accord in performance and in shape
Close actual demand.And the sensor of truncated conical shape can provide wider frequency bandwidth, and surface area ratio is larger, with air
Coupling is fine, and wave impedance is lower, is suitable for the application fields such as aerial three-D ultrasonic positioning, ranging, robot obstacle-avoiding.
The utility model truncated cone-shaped PVDF ultrasonic transmitter transmitting ultrasonic wave band is wide, 360 ° of horizontal beam angle, vertically
Field angle is big, and vertical direction emitted energy is big.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the expanded view of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the three-layer thin-film structural schematic diagram of the utility model PVDF piezoelectric membrane；
Fig. 4 is the state diagram of the utility model connection alternating voltage；
Fig. 5 is the utility model ultrasonic wave direction of the launch schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the utility model horizontal beam directivity pattern.
Specific embodiment
Truncated conical shape is surrounded by the PVDF piezoelectric membrane 1 of the identical partial circle shape of two-part structure feature；Specifically may be used
The PVDF piezoelectric membrane of the identical partial circle shape of two panels is formed by welding along radius edge；
The utility model in the PVDF piezoelectric membrane of two parts annulus shape of composition, external arc pair string length
Greater than Inner arc length of tangent degree, that is, meet cos (α/2) > l/L, wherein α is the radian value of segment angle, l is Inner arc half
Diameter, the radius that L is external arc；
The surface electrode of piezoelectric membrane described in the utility model is using aluminizing or silver-plated, and electrode is by film bottom end by conducting wire
It draws；
The relationship of the base angle θ of the direction of the launch edge of the utility model ultrasonic wave and the angle δ of rotary table top surface and rotary table are as follows:
δ=50 °+θ, wherein θ=acos (α/π), α are the radian value of segment angle.The PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of the truncated conical shape
In, rotary table base angle θ=40 °, the direction of the launch of ultrasonic wave and rotary table top surface are formed by angle δ=90 °, and the ultrasonic wave of transmitting exists
The angle of coverage of vertical direction is 160 °.
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the utility model is further illustrated.
As shown in figure 3, PVDF piezoelectric membrane 1 is three-layer thin-film structure, it is at the middle and upper levels electrode 106, middle layer is
PVDF107, lower layer are electrode 108, and Fig. 2 is truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic transmitter expanded view, and the expansion of ultrasonic transmitter includes two
The PVDF piezoelectric membrane of the identical partial circle shape of part-structure characteristic, upper and lower level electrode can use and aluminize, be silver-plated, thick
Degree is less than 40 μm.In this structure, the radius of external arc 101 is L, and the radius of Inner arc 104 is l, the radian value of segment angle 105
For α.Truncated conical shape PVDF ultrasonic transmitter is surrounded by two partial circle piezoelectric membranes 1, and the seaming position of two films exists
At BD and EG, at AC and FH, a feature of PVDF material is exactly that will form vertical when applying alternating voltage on surface electrode
In the electric field of film surface, PVDF thin film is made to generate length displacement in molecular orientation, vertical thin-film direction generate vibration to
Emit ultrasonic wave.Maximum molecular orientation length 102 is respectively the corresponding string AB chord EF of two parts film external arc in Fig. 2, because
Only there is stronger piezoelectric property in molecular orientation for PVDF thin film, in order to improve the intensity of seam crossing ultrasonic wave transmitting,
Keep the film size comprising molecular orientation big as far as possible, so enabling maximum molecular orientation long in the ultrasonic transmitter structure
The degree 102 i.e. length of the corresponding string AB of external arc is greater than the tangential length MN 103 of Inner arc, then there is following relationship:
AB=2L*sin (α/2) (1)
MN=2l*tan (α/2) (2)
Make AB > MN, then:
cos(α/2)>l/L (3)
If Fig. 1 is truncated cone-shaped PVDF ultrasonic transmitter, the identical partial circle shape of two-part structure characteristic in Fig. 2
PVDF piezoelectric membrane connected along the method for radial direction ultrasonic bonding, seam crossing 109 at the BD and EG in Fig. 2, AC
At FH, to form truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic transmitter 1, the top surface radius of frustum cone structure is r, and it is highly H that bottom surface radius, which is R,
The top surface radius of frustum cone structure is r and bottom surface radius is that there are following relationships by R:
π R=L α (4)
π r=l α (5)
Wherein, L is the radius of external arc 101, and l is the radius of Inner arc 104, and α is the radian value of segment angle 105, in circle
In platform shape ultrasonic transmitter, maximum molecular orientation length 102 is as shown in figure 3, its length is greater than the tangential length of Inner arc
103。
It is illustrated in figure 4 alternating voltage 2 and is applied to the utility model, wherein contact conductor 3 is drawn in film bottom end, position
There is no specific requirement.When an alternating voltage is applied on two surface electrodes, film molecular orientation length expansion or
It shrinks.In other words, because strand is arranged in parallel, PVDF thin film is stretched in the process, and effect alternating voltage generates
Excitation is in linear direction.Due to the PVDF piezoelectric membrane that ultrasonic transmitter is two partial circle shapes, so that draw direction
Axis be wound truncated conical shape, when an alternating voltage is applied to] on the surface electrode of truncated conical shape piezoelectric membrane when, molecule
The length variation in direction is converted into the vibration of radial direction, that is to say, that alternating voltage is applied to the PVDF piezoelectricity of truncated conical shape
On film, radial vibration is generated, to emit ultrasonic wave.
It is illustrated in figure 5 ultrasonic wave direction of the launch side schematic view.θ is the base angle of rotary table, PVDF pressure in frustum cone structure
For conductive film when emitting ultrasonic wave, direction of vibration is along membrane molecular direction, since molecular orientation surrounds circumference, the change of molecular orientation
Change is converted to radial direction variation, and the ultrasonic wave of generation emits perpendicular to film surface, and has a certain range of angle of coverage, i.e.,
Vertical beam angle is 2 γ (being indicated with angle symbol γ), γ=40 ° in Fig. 4.Figure 4, it is seen that although a-quadrant does not have
There is the ultrasonic wave being launched directly to cover, but can detecte ultrasonic wave in a-quadrant.The direction of the launch edge and circle of ultrasonic wave
It is related with frustum cone structure that countertop is formed by angle δ, in which:
δ=50 °+θ (6)
θ=acos (α/π) (7)
α is the radian value of the segment angle 105 in Fig. 2, so when the base angle θ of truncated cone-shaped piezoelectric membrane increases, ultrasonic wave
Launch angle δ increases, and when the base angle θ of truncated cone-shaped piezoelectric membrane reduces, ultrasonic wave launch angle δ reduces.According to calculation formula
(6) and (7), it can change the base angle of frustum cone structure by adjusting frustum cone structure parameter, change the ultrasound of ultrasonic transmitter
The launch angle angle of wave, to meet using needs.
In the ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape, base angle θ=40 ° of rotary table, then the direction of the launch and circle of ultrasonic wave
Countertop is formed by angle δ=90 °, ultrasonic wave angle of coverage of the truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic transmitter in vertical direction are as follows:
180 ° -2 (50 ° -40 °)=160 °.
Be illustrated in figure 6 horizontal beam directive property, on truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic transmitter loading frequency be 5 of 34kHz just
It is 7cm at a distance from taut pulse punching, with measurement microphone, it can be seen from the figure that truncated cone-shaped PVDF ultrasonic transmitter can provide
360 degree of omnidirectional's horizontal beam directive property, region, microphone connect near seaming position at the two of the PVDF thin film of truncated conical shape
The sound pressure signal intensity of receipts is weakened, and the minimum value of acoustic pressure and the ratio of maximum value are 0.5 to 0.6.
The resonance frequency of cylindrical PVDF ultrasonic transmitter is by formula:
It calculates and determines, wherein R ' is the radius of cylinder PVDF ultrasonic transmitter, and Y is the Young mould of PVDF piezoelectric membrane
Amount, ρ are the density of PVDF piezoelectric membrane.By testing and calculating the relevant parameter of the PVDF piezoelectric membrane used, whereinIn the PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape, top surface radius r=4.5mm, bottom surface half
Diameter R=9.5mm, in the structure, the ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape can be with the equivalent cylinder different at radius of differential
Shape, then the range of its resonance frequency are as follows: 20~48kHz, 20kHz be possible minimum resonance frequency, 48kHz be it is possible most
Big resonance frequency, when calculating the resonance frequency of truncated cone-shaped ultrasonic transmitter, equivalent redius is (r+R)/2, truncated conical shape
Base angle θ=40 ° of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter structure, measuring its resonance frequency by experiment is 34kHz.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape, it is characterised in that: by the identical part circle of two-part structure feature
The PVDF piezoelectric membrane of ring-shaped surrounds truncated conical shape；In the PVDF piezoelectric membrane of two parts annulus shape of composition, outer circle
Arc pair string length be greater than Inner arc length of tangent degree, that is, meet cos (α/2) > l/L, wherein α be segment angle radian
Value, l are the radius of Inner arc, the radius that L is external arc.
2. the PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of a kind of truncated conical shape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the piezoelectric membrane
Surface electrode using aluminizing or silver-plated, electrode is drawn by film bottom end by conducting wire.
3. the PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of a kind of truncated conical shape according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the transmitting of ultrasonic wave
The relationship of the base angle θ of the angle δ and rotary table of direction edge and rotary table top surface are as follows: δ=50 °+θ, wherein θ=acos (α/π), α are
The radian value of segment angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820431612.XU CN208612964U (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | A kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820431612.XU CN208612964U (en) | 2018-03-28 | 2018-03-28 | A kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitter of truncated conical shape |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108262240A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-10 | 吉林大学 | A kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitters of truncated conical shape |
| CN110031831A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of small-sized three-dimensional ultrasonic transmitter having ultrasonic wave and infrared emission function |
| US20220165246A1 (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-26 | Hyundai Motor Company | Force generating device |
-
2018
- 2018-03-28 CN CN201820431612.XU patent/CN208612964U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108262240A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-07-10 | 吉林大学 | A kind of PVDF ultrasonic transmitters of truncated conical shape |
| CN108262240B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-04-12 | 吉林大学 | PVDF ultrasonic transmitter in round table shape |
| CN110031831A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of small-sized three-dimensional ultrasonic transmitter having ultrasonic wave and infrared emission function |
| CN110031831B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2022-11-18 | 吉林大学 | Small three-dimensional ultrasonic transmitter with ultrasonic and infrared transmitting functions |
| US20220165246A1 (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-26 | Hyundai Motor Company | Force generating device |
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Granted publication date: 20190319 Effective date of abandoning: 20240412 |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20190319 Effective date of abandoning: 20240412 |
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