Permasyn morot and electric car
Technical field
The utility model embodiment is related to electric vehicle engineering field more particularly to a kind of permasyn morot and electricity
Electrical automobile.
Background technique
Permasyn morot is high with electric efficiency compared with other type motor, high efficient district is wide and control precision
The advantages that high.
But in the practical application of electric car, the power supply of electric car is supplied by on-vehicle battery by DC bus, electricity
The direct current that pond provides passes through controller again and is reverse into three phase sine alternating current, drives permasyn morot rotary work.When
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor be more than its rated speed when, if not taking any measure, permasyn morot stator it is anti-
Electromotive force will be more than electric car DC bus-bar voltage, cause controller to burn and break down.
Utility model content
In view of this, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of permasyn morot and electric car, to solve
The counter electromotive force of permasyn morot stator will be more than electric car DC bus-bar voltage, and controller is caused to burn generation event
The technical issues of barrier.
In a first aspect, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of permasyn morot, comprising:
End cap is provided at least one through-hole on the end cap;
Multiple electric-controlled switch are set to the outside of the end cap;
An at least phase stator winding, positioned at the inside of the end cap, stator winding described in every phase includes at least one branch,
Every branch includes at least one coil, and two terminals of every branch are connected by cable with the corresponding electric-controlled switch
It connects, the cable passes through the through-hole, and different branch can be connected to or be disconnected by the electric-controlled switch.
Optionally, at least one cable is passed through in each through-hole;
The ratio relation of the quantity of the cable and the quantity of the through-hole is 1:1 or 6:1.
Optionally, the number of the cable passed through in each through-hole is more than or equal to 2.
Optionally, the through-hole includes at least one of circular hole or long arc-shaped holes.
Optionally, the through-hole is long arc-shaped holes, and the diameter of multiple long arc-shaped holes is identical.
Optionally, the electric-controlled switch is using contactor and/or solid-state relay and/or DC relay.
Optionally, if the quantity of a branch coil is greater than or equal to 2, each coil is mutually gone here and there in the branch
Connection is parallel with one another.
Optionally, the stator winding includes four branches, and four branches are respectively the first branch, second branch, third
Branch and the 4th branch;
The electric-controlled switch includes first switch, second switch, third switch, the 4th switch, the 5th switch, the 6th opens
Pass, the 7th switch, the 8th switch and the 9th switch;
Described first branch one end is electrically connected with the first switch and the second switch respectively, the other end respectively with institute
State the 4th switch and the 7th switch electrical connection;
Described second branch one end respectively with the second switch and it is described 4th switch be electrically connected, the other end respectively with institute
State the 5th switch and the 7th switch electrical connection;
Third branch one end is electrically connected with the first switch, third switch and the 5th switch respectively
It connects, the other end is electrically connected with the 6th switch, the 8th switch and the 9th switch respectively;
4th branch one end respectively with the third switch and it is described 6th switch be electrically connected, the other end with respectively with it is described
8th switch and the 9th switch electrical connection.
Optionally, the stator winding includes four branches, and four branches are respectively the first branch, second branch, third
Branch and the 4th branch;
The electric-controlled switch includes first switch, second switch, third switch, the 4th switch, the 5th switch, the 6th opens
Pass, the 7th switch, the 8th switch and the 9th switch;
Described first branch one end respectively with the first switch and it is described 4th switch be electrically connected, the other end respectively with institute
State the 4th switch and the 7th switch electrical connection;
Described second branch one end respectively with the first switch and it is described 4th switch be electrically connected, the other end respectively with institute
State the 5th switch, the 7th switch and the 8th switch electrical connection;
Third branch one end respectively with the second switch and it is described 5th switch be electrically connected, the other end respectively with institute
State the 6th switch, the 8th switch and the 9th switch electrical connection;
Described 4th branch one end respectively with the third switch and it is described 6th switch be electrically connected, the other end respectively with institute
State the 8th switch and the 9th switch electrical connection.
Second aspect, the utility model embodiment provide a kind of electric car, comprising:
Including permasyn morot described in first aspect, the universe efficient permanent magnet synchronous motor with it is described electronic
The driving rear axle of automobile is connected by shaft coupling or is directly connect with rear axle differential;And
Controller is arranged on the electric car, the control terminal of the permasyn morot and the controller
The electrical connection of first signal input part, the control terminal of the electric-controlled switch are electrically connected with the second signal input terminal of the controller,
The controller is used for the on-off according to each electric-controlled switch of the Speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, same to change the permanent magnetism
The series-parallel system for walking each branch in every phase stator winding of motor, so that the permasyn morot is under different rotating speeds
The corresponding counter electromotive force for generating setting.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of permasyn morot and electric car, in permasyn morot
Stator winding branch in, be provided with electric-controlled switch, the multiple branches of stator winding are realized by the on-off of electric-controlled switch
In series and parallel, so that the counter electromotive force of permasyn morot is also different, so that the permasyn morot on electric car turns
When speed is more than motor rated speed, avoid that motor stator counter electromotive force occurs will be more than electric car DC bus electricity
Pressure, causes controller to burn and breaks down.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides;
Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional view for recessed stator lasmination stator slot that the utility model embodiment one provides;
Fig. 3 is a kind of sectional view of the end cap for permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the end cap for another permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides;
Fig. 5 is a kind of torque-speed curve figure for permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides;
Fig. 6 is the stator winding and electric-controlled switch for a kind of permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides
Connection type figure;
Fig. 7 is the stator winding and electric-controlled switch for another permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides
Connection type figure;
Fig. 8 is a kind of structural representation of the electric-controlled switch for permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment one provides
Figure;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the electric-controlled switch for another permasyn morot that the utility model embodiment two provides
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It is understood that herein
Described specific embodiment is used only for explaining the utility model, rather than the restriction to the utility model.It further needs exist for
It is bright, part relevant to the utility model is illustrated only for ease of description, in attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Embodiment one
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of permasyn morot, is that the utility model is implemented referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1
A kind of structural schematic diagram for permasyn morot that example provides, which includes: end cap 10, is set on end cap 10
It is equipped at least one through-hole 101;Multiple electric-controlled switch 11 are set to the outside 10B of end cap 10, specifically, multiple electric-controlled switch
11 are securable on end cap 10.An at least phase stator winding 12, positioned at the inside 10A of end cap 10, every phase stator winding includes extremely
A few branch (not shown in figure 1), every branch include at least one coil (not shown in figure 1), and two of every branch
Terminals are connected by cable 13 with corresponding electric-controlled switch, and cable 13 passes through through-hole 101, and electric-controlled switch 11 can be by different branch
Road connection disconnects.Optionally, electric-controlled switch is using contactor and/or solid-state relay and/or DC relay.
It should be noted that further including recessed stator lasmination stator slot 14, positioned at the inside of end cap 10 referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
10A, surface include multiple stator slots 141, and the coil that stator winding 12 includes is distributed in stator slot 141;Electric-controlled switch packet
Include at least one connecting terminal and at least one control terminal, the terminals of the branch being electrically connected with electric-controlled switch by cable 13 with
The connecting terminal of electric-controlled switch 11 is electrically connected, each terminals is electrically connected with the first end of single line cable 13, and the of cable 13
Two ends pass through through-hole 101, are electrically connected with a connecting terminal of electric-controlled switch, and electric-controlled switch is used for the signal according to its control terminal
Electric-controlled switch is connected or is turned off.
Permasyn morot further include by least one piece of set of permanent magnets at rotor, the folded of recessed stator winding is set
The inside of sheet stator slot 14.
The working principle of permanent magnet synchronous motor is as follows: when stator winding is passed through electric current, set of permanent magnets at rotor rotary magnetic
It is moved in by electromagnetic force, electric energy is converted into kinetic energy at this time, and permanent magnet synchronous motor is used as motor.In above-mentioned technical side
Further include power output shaft 15 on the basis of case, is rotated for band dynamic load, optionally, power output shaft 15 can be shaft coupling
Device.
Permasyn morot is high with electric efficiency compared with other type motor, high efficient district is wide and control precision
The advantages that high.But in the practical application of electric car, the power supply of electric car is supplied by on-vehicle battery by DC bus, electricity
The direct current that pond provides passes through controller again and is reverse into three phase sine alternating current, drives permasyn morot rotary work.When
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor be more than its rated speed when, if not taking any measure, permasyn morot stator it is anti-
Electromotive force will be more than electric car DC bus-bar voltage, cause controller to burn and break down.Common solution is logical
Permanent magnet motor is crossed plus mechanical gear box, motor is made to always work in high efficiency range.Motor adds the scheme of mechanical gear box
Although motor is made to be in high efficient district work, mechanical gear box itself will generate 10% or more mechanical efficiency loss.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of permasyn morot, in the branch of stator winding, is provided with electricity
Control switch, the series-parallel of the multiple branches of stator winding is realized by the on-off of electric-controlled switch, so that permasyn morot
Counter electromotive force is also different, to avoid when the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor on electric car is more than motor rated speed
Motor stator counter electromotive force, which occurs, to be more than electric car DC bus-bar voltage, cause controller to burn and break down, together
When, it avoids in the prior art due to adding mechanical gear box and bring mechanical efficiency is lost.
Optionally, based on the above technical solution, at least one cable is passed through in each through-hole;The quantity of cable
Ratio relation with the quantity of through-hole is 1:1 perhaps 6:1 or other rational proportions.Optionally, in the base of above-mentioned technical proposal
On plinth, the number of the cable passed through in each through-hole is more than or equal to 2.Optionally, based on the above technical solution, through-hole
Including at least one of circular hole or long arc-shaped holes.Optionally, based on the above technical solution, through-hole is that arc is long
Hole, and the diameter of the opposite motor axis center of multiple arcs long hole is identical.
Two terminals of every branch are connected by cable 13 with corresponding electric-controlled switch, if permasyn morot packet
Threephase stator winding 12 is included, every phase stator winding 12 includes four windings, and four winding branches pass through 8 perforation extension ends respectively
Lid 10 then needs to be arranged 24 through-holes on the end cap 10 of permasyn morot, and illustratively, 24 through-holes can be averagely set to
On circumference on end cap 10, through-hole 101 is circular hole, and 1 cable, the quantity of cable and the number of through-hole are passed through in each through-hole
The ratio relation of amount is 1:1.As shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is the sectional view of end cap 10.Illustratively, as shown in figure 4, can also be arranged
4 through-holes 101, through-hole 101 is long arc-shaped holes, and the diameter of multiple arcs long hole is identical.6 lines are passed through in each through-hole
Cable, the ratio relation of the quantity of the quantity and through-hole of cable are 6:1.Long arc-shaped holes are also possible to other suitable quantities.
Optionally, based on the above technical solution, permasyn morot provided by the embodiment of the utility model is also
Can by controller according to universe efficient permanent magnet synchronous motor revolving speed as foundation, control the on-off of each electric-controlled switch, with
The series-parallel system for changing each branch in every phase stator winding of permasyn morot, so that permasyn morot is in difference
The corresponding appropriate counter electromotive force for generating setting under revolving speed.
Three kinds of gears: low speed are arranged according to the revolving speed of motor in wide area efficient permanent magnet synchronous motor provided in this embodiment
Gear, middle speed gear and top gear, each gear have corresponding rated speed.Specifically, Fig. 5 is the utility model with reference to Fig. 5
A kind of torque-speed curve figure for permasyn morot that embodiment provides.When the revolving speed of permasyn morot is to low speed
When keeping off rated speed n1, permasyn morot initially enters constant power mode, and controller can be in progress at rated speed n1
The switching of speed gear similarly carries out the switching of top gear at rated speed n2.In addition, electric machine controller can be (shallow in revolving speed n1 '
Weak magnetic point) at carry out in speed gear switching, to expand efficient region area.Similarly, n2 is middle speed gear rated speed, and controller can
The switching of top gear is carried out at revolving speed n2 ';It is the high efficient district of permasyn morot, similarly, revolving speed between revolving speed n1~n1 '
N2~n2 ' and revolving speed n3~n3 ' is also the high efficient district of permasyn morot, then the permasyn morot packet in the present embodiment
Three high efficient districts are included, the high efficiency overlay area of permasyn morot has been widened and cover the entire range of speeds substantially, are become
It is suitble to electric car acceleration, deceleration uniform velocity constantly to change the universe efficient permanent magnet synchronous motor of complicated operating condition.
Permanent magnet motor provided in this embodiment is provided with electric-controlled switch, is opened by automatically controlled in the branch of stator winding
The on-off of pass realizes the series-parallel of the multiple branches of stator winding, so that the counter electromotive force of permasyn morot is also different, it can
It realizes in 3 high efficient districts, the appropriate counter electromotive force of difference of setting is respectively corresponded, to meet the stator winding of permasyn morot
Counter electromotive force do not exceed the condition of electric car DC bus-bar voltage, be burned out to avoid controller.
It optionally, based on the above technical solution, should if the quantity of a branch coil is greater than or equal to 2
Each coil is mutually connected or parallel with one another in branch.
Optionally, based on the above technical solution, referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, two kinds of stator winding and electricity are respectively illustrated
Control the connection type of switch.
Referring to Fig. 6, stator winding includes four branches, and four branches are respectively first branch L1, second branch L2, third
Branch L3 and the 4th branch L4;Electric-controlled switch include first switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3, the 4th switch K4,
5th switch K5, the 6th switch K6, the 7th switch K7, the 8th switch K8 and the 9th switch K9;The one end first branch L1 difference
It is electrically connected with first switch K1 and second switch K2, the other end is electrically connected with the 4th switch K4 and the 7th switch K7 respectively;Second
The one end branch L2 is electrically connected with second switch K2 and the 4th switch K4 respectively, and the other end is switched with the 5th switch K5 and the 7th respectively
K7 electrical connection;The one end third branch L3 is electrically connected with first switch K1, third switch K3 and the 5th switch K5 respectively, the other end
It is electrically connected respectively with the 6th switch K6, the 8th switch K8 and the 9th switch K9;4th one end branch L4 is switched with third respectively
K3 and the 6th switch K6 electrical connection, the other end are electrically connected with the 8th switch K8 and the 9th switch K9 respectively.
Optionally, based on the above technical solution, referring to Fig. 7, stator winding includes four branches, four branches point
It Wei not first branch L1, second branch L2, third branch L3 and the 4th branch L4;Electric-controlled switch includes first switch K1,
Two switch K2, third switch K3, the 4th switch K4, the 5th switch K5, the 6th switch K6, the 7th switch K7, the 8th switch K8 with
And the 9th switch K9;The one end first branch L1 is electrically connected with first switch K1 and the 4th switch K4 respectively, and the other end is respectively with
Four switch K4 and the 7th switch K7 electrical connection;The one end second branch L2 is electrically connected with first switch K1 and the 4th switch K4 respectively,
The other end is electrically connected with the 5th switch K5, the 7th switch K7 and the 8th switch K8 respectively;The one end third branch L3 is respectively with
Two switch K2 and the 5th switch K2 electrical connection, the other end are electric with the 6th switch K6, the 8th switch K8 and the 9th switch K9 respectively
Connection;4th one end branch L4 is electrically connected with third switch K3 and the 6th switch K6 respectively, the other end respectively with the 8th switch and
9th switch electrical connection.
When including threephase stator winding in permasyn morot, multiple electric-controlled switch, which may include that 9 three-phases are automatically controlled, to be opened
Pass or 27 single-phase electric-controlled switch.Fig. 8 is illustrative, shows and is provided with 9 three-phase electric-controlled switch on end cap.With wherein
For one, each three-phase electric-controlled switch includes 3 pairs of connecting terminals, and connecting terminal A1 and a1 are the company of first item stator winding
Contact point, contact B1 and b1 are the connecting terminal of Section 2 stator winding, and contact C1 and c1 are the connection of Section 3 stator winding
Contact.The above connecting terminal is electrically connected by cable 13 with the terminals of corresponding branch.Fig. 9 is illustrative, shows end cap
The upper schematic diagram provided with 27 unidirectional electric-controlled switch.
Embodiment two
On the basis of the above embodiments, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of electric car, which includes:
Include the permasyn morot that above-described embodiment is mentioned, the driving rear axle of permasyn morot and electric car passes through shaft coupling
Connection is directly connect with rear axle differential;And controller, it is arranged on electric car, the control of permasyn morot
End processed is electrically connected with the first signal input part of controller, the control terminal of electric-controlled switch and the second signal input terminal electricity of controller
Connection, controller is used for the on-off according to each electric-controlled switch of Speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor, to change synchronous permanent-magnet motor
The series-parallel system of each branch in every phase stator winding of machine, so that permasyn morot corresponding generate under different rotating speeds sets
Fixed appropriate counter electromotive force.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of electric car, uses in electric car provided by the above embodiment
Permasyn morot is connect with rear axle or is directly connect with rear axle differential by shaft coupling, which exists
In the branch of stator winding, it is provided with electric-controlled switch, the string of the multiple branches of stator winding is realized by the on-off of electric-controlled switch
Parallel connection, so that the counter electromotive force of permasyn morot is also different, thus the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor on electric car
When more than motor rated speed, avoid that motor stator counter electromotive force occurs will be more than electric car DC bus-bar voltage,
Cause controller to burn to break down;Meanwhile it avoiding in the prior art due to adding mechanical gear box and bring machinery is imitated
Rate loss, and the controller on electric car is set and may be implemented to control the on-off of electric-controlled switch, it is being physically
It is separated with permasyn morot, and realizes the controller and permasyn morot controller to electric-controlled switch control
Integrated design;It occupies little space, it is sensitive reliable, it can satisfy the need that electric car uses in harsh environment
It asks.
Note that above are only the preferred embodiment and institute's application technology principle of the utility model.Those skilled in the art's meeting
Understand, the utility model is not limited to specific embodiment described here, is able to carry out for a person skilled in the art various bright
Aobvious variation is readjusted, be combined with each other and is substituted without departing from the protection scope of the utility model.Therefore, although passing through
Above embodiments are described in further detail the utility model, but the utility model is not limited only to the above implementation
Example can also include more other equivalent embodiments in the case where not departing from the utility model design, and the utility model
Range is determined by the scope of the appended claims.