CN208564504U - 滑套开关工具 - Google Patents
滑套开关工具 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种滑套开关工具,包括卡爪装置,所述卡爪装置由芯轴、卡爪本体、复位弹簧、限位套、弹簧组成,芯轴上表面有径向凸起,芯轴凸起的一端设有卡爪本体,复位弹簧设在卡爪本体下表面开设的槽内,芯轴凸起的另一端连接有限位套,弹簧设在限位套和芯轴表面形成的腔体内,滑套开关工具还包括强制收回装置,两套卡爪装置方向相对地连接在强制收回装置两端,该滑套开关工具适用于连续油管,采用液压式可实现双向开关滑套的目的,并可一次入井,完成多次开关滑套的作业,且卡爪遇卡时,可强制收回卡爪。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及石油机械井下工具领域,具体涉及一种滑套开关工具。
背景技术
在水平井分段压裂酸化工艺中,滑套作为储藏沟通/隔离和油藏管理的关键工具,在入井以后,有可能在整个油井生产周期内都需要能实现开/关操作。但在操作过程中,受本体结垢、生锈和岩屑等因素的影响,驱动滑套开关通常需要一个很大的力,再加上密封圈的摩擦和限位机构的限制,这个力可能会更大,为了能够实现长水平段的开关,通常采用连续油管带开关工具进行操作。
虽然国内已经开发了很多种压裂滑套开关工具来配合压裂滑套实现压裂与生产一体化,但在生产后期通过关闭某一级滑套来实现选择性开采,但这些技术的共同缺陷是需要下球座投球封堵影响到采油通道的直径,且下入开关工具的时候均需要精确定位,而连续管的精确定位现阶段很难做到,无法满足目前油气田的发展需要,因此,液压式滑套开关工具因其自身的优势,在行业中就备受青睐。
现有的液压式的滑套开关工具均采用剪钉控制最大过提力,存在过提力不足导致作业失败的问题。并且现有的滑套开关工具为单方向开关工具,一次入井仅能实现一个方向的动作,无法实现工具一次入井多次开关作业。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的克服现有技术的不足,提供了一种新的液压式的滑套开关工具,该滑套开关工具适用于连续油管,可实现双向开关滑套的目的,并可一次入井,完成多次开关滑套的作业,且卡爪遇卡时,可强制收回卡爪。
本实用新型的目的是通过以下技术措施达到的:滑套开关工具,包括卡爪装置,卡爪装置由芯轴、卡爪本体、复位弹簧、限位套、弹簧组成,芯轴上表面有径向凸起,芯轴凸起的一端设有卡爪本体,复位弹簧设在卡爪本体下表面开设的槽内,芯轴凸起的另一端设有限位套,弹簧设在限位套和芯轴表面形成的腔体内,其特征在于:滑套开关工具还包括强制收回装置,两套卡爪装置方向相对的连接在强制收回装置两端。
进一步地,强制收回装置由上活塞、剪切环、剪切销钉、限位C环、下活塞、连接套组成,剪切环与下活塞通过剪切销钉固定在连接套上,上活塞与剪切环之间螺纹连接,限位C环安装在上活塞和下活塞的槽内。
进一步地,限位套下表面有凸台,限位套的凸台与芯轴凸起共同构成密封腔,芯轴上与密封腔相对应的位置开设有通孔,通孔与密封腔相通;上活塞与下活塞之间有密封环行腔,在连接套和下活塞上都开设有与密封环行腔连通的通孔。
进一步地,两套卡爪装置的另外两端分别与上接头、下接头连接,上接头与芯轴螺纹连接,下接头与另一个芯轴螺纹连接,两个芯轴之间通过连接套连接,上接头、芯轴、连接套、下接头都是管状中空结构。
进一步地,所述卡爪本体的两端设有限位环,卡爪本体与芯轴之间设有弹爪,卡爪本体和限位环套放于弹爪上,限制了卡爪本体在轴向上的偏移,大幅度提升了对滑套的过提力。
进一步地,复位弹簧有两个,增加了卡爪本体的径向伸缩力,并提升了卡爪装置的过提力。
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的有益效果是:
具有双向开关的卡爪,可实现一次入井,多次开关滑套作业。卡爪采用液压释放,弹簧回收,高液压强制回收卡爪并锁定。
发生事故时,可强制回收卡爪,解决卡爪遇卡问题。
在轴向上固定卡爪,可承受更大的过提力,提高作业成功率,卡爪经特殊处理,承载能力大,使用寿命长。
除以上所述,本实用新型还可与油田管柱用旋转冲洗装置(如专利工具CN205503058U)配合使用,实现对滑套内部杂质进行冲洗,防止异物限制滑套的开关,提高作业成功率。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本实用新型作详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
图2是本实用新型与旋转冲洗装置配合使用的结构示意图。
图3是卡爪本体与滑套上凹槽不匹配状态的结构示意图。
图4是上活塞与下活塞实现限位状态的结构示意图
其中,1.上接头 2.芯轴 3.卡爪 4.复位弹簧 5.限位环 6.弹爪 7.限位套 8.弹簧 9.上活塞 10.剪切环 11.剪切销钉 12.限位C环 13.下活塞 14.连接套 15.下接头16.凹槽
具体实施方式
如图1所示,滑套开关工具,包括卡爪装置,卡爪装置由芯轴2、卡爪本体3、复位弹簧4、限位套7、弹簧8组成,芯轴2上表面有径向凸起,芯轴2凸起的一端设有卡爪本体3,复位弹簧4设在卡爪本体3下表面开设的槽内,芯轴2凸起的另一端安设有限位套7,弹簧8设在限位套7和芯轴2表面形成的腔体内,该滑套开关工具还包括强制收回装置,两套卡爪装置方向相对的连接在强制收回装置的两端,方向相对设置可实现两套卡爪装置有选择性与滑套上凹槽16匹配,从而达到滑套下压与上提的目的。
强制收回卡爪装置由上活塞9、剪切环10、剪切销钉11、限位C环12、下活塞13、连接套14组成,剪切环10与下活塞13通过剪切销钉11固定在连接套14上,上活塞9与剪切环10之间螺纹连接,限位C环12安装在上活塞9和下活塞13的槽内,用于对上活塞和下活塞移动的限位。
限位套7下表面有凸台,限位套7的凸台与芯轴2凸起共同构成密封腔,芯轴2上在与密封腔相对应的位置开设有通孔,通孔与密封腔相通;上活塞9与下活塞13之间有密封环行腔,在连接套14和下活塞13上开设有与密封环行腔连通的通孔。
两套卡爪装置的另外两端分别与上接头1、下接头15连接,上接头1与芯轴2螺纹连接,下接头15与另一个芯轴2螺纹连接,两个芯轴2之间通过连接套14连接,上接头1、芯轴2、连接套14、下接头15都是管状中空结构,相互连接的管状中空结构共同构成了工具内腔,工具内腔通过芯轴2上的通孔与密封腔相通,并且通过连接套14和下活塞13上的通孔与密封环行腔连通。
卡爪本体3的两端安装有限位环5,卡爪本体3与芯轴2之间安装有弹爪6,卡爪本体3和限位环5套放于弹爪6上,通过限位环5和弹爪6限制了卡爪本体3在轴向上的偏移,大幅度提升了卡爪本体3对滑套的过提力。
复位弹簧4有两个,增加了卡爪本体的径向伸缩力,并提升了卡爪装置的过提力。
本实用新型滑套开关工具的工作过程如下:
将连续油管滑套开关工具与油田管柱用旋转冲洗装置(如专利工具CN205503058U)连接在工具串底部,如图2所示。工具串随连续油管入井。入井时,地面泵低排量泵注循环,卡爪本体3在弹簧8推力作用下,处于关闭状态。
当工具串下入到设定的滑套位置后,提升泵注排量,旋转冲洗装置开始冲洗滑套内壁,清理杂质。工具串内腔压力高于工具串外部,限位套7在密封腔液力作用下,压缩弹簧8,卡爪3在复位弹簧4的作用力下伸出,向下的卡爪本体3经过滑套时,卡爪本体3方向与滑套上提的凹槽16不匹配,直接通过,如图3所示。继续向下,向下的卡爪本体3即可进入滑套下压位置,与滑套下压的凹槽匹配,地面悬重显示降低,继续下压即可向下活动滑套。根据作业需要也可以上提,在向上的卡爪本体3与滑套上提的凹槽匹配后,继续上提即可向上活动滑套。在开关滑套动作结束后,降低排量,卡爪本体3在弹簧8推力作用下,沿限位套7锥面回收,即可调整工具串入井深度。重复以上步骤,可实现多个滑套的开启或者关闭。
当滑套异常,无法开关时,可降低泵注排量,在弹簧8推力作用下,卡爪本体3沿限位套7锥面作用下回收,即可活动工具串。
当卡爪本体3回收异常时,可提升泵注排量,此时的排量大于卡爪本体3伸出时的排量。作用在环形密封腔的液力开始剪切剪切销钉11,直到剪断,上活塞9和下活塞13分别向两端移动,推动限位套7,卡爪本体3沿限位套7锥面回收。当上活塞9和下活塞13分别走到各自极限位置时,限位C环12恢复原状,卡住上活塞9和下活塞13,实现限位,保持卡爪本体3收回状态,如图4所示。
以上,对本实用新型的实施方式进行了说明,但应该理解为这次公开的实施方式并不是本实用新型的唯一,本实用新型的范围由权利要求书示出,包含与权利要求书同等的意思以及范围内的全部变更。
Claims (5)
1.滑套开关工具,包括卡爪装置,所述卡爪装置由芯轴、卡爪本体、复位弹簧、限位套、弹簧组成,芯轴上表面有径向凸起,芯轴凸起的一端设有卡爪本体,复位弹簧设在卡爪本体下表面开设的槽内,芯轴凸起的另一端连接有限位套,弹簧设在限位套和芯轴表面形成的腔体内,其特征在于:滑套开关工具还包括强制收回装置,两套卡爪装置方向相对地连接在强制收回装置两端,所述强制收回装置由上活塞、剪切环、剪切销钉、限位C环、下活塞、连接套组成,剪切环与下活塞通过剪切销钉固定在连接套上,上活塞与剪切环之间螺纹连接,限位C环安装在上活塞和下活塞的槽内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑套开关工具,其特征在于:所述限位套下表面有凸台,限位套的凸台与芯轴凸起共同构成密封腔,芯轴上与密封腔相对应的位置开设有通孔,通孔与密封腔相通;上活塞与下活塞之间有密封环行腔,在连接套和下活塞上都开设有与密封环行腔连通的通孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的滑套开关工具,其特征在于:两套卡爪装置的另外两端分别连接有上接头、下接头,上接头与芯轴连接,下接头与另一个芯轴连接,两个芯轴之间通过连接套连接,上接头、芯轴、连接套、下接头都是管状中空结构。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的滑套开关工具,其特征在于:所述卡爪本体的两端设有限位环,卡爪本体与芯轴之间设有弹爪,卡爪本体和限位环套放于弹爪上。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的滑套开关工具,其特征在于:所述复位弹簧有两个。
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