CN208538589U - A kind of dedicated unit improving properties of sintered ndfeb magnets - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of dedicated units for improving properties of sintered ndfeb magnets, its main feature is that, dedicated unit is made of reciprocating cutting mechanism (A), cutting tool (B), green compact fixing tool (C), four part of reciprocating lifting mechanism (D)；Technique be by press-molding and through etc. static pressure suppressions at green compact be processed into finished form and correspondingly-sized on one or two of oriented surface, non-oriented face, press face face using dedicated unit, then it is normally sintered again, timeliness, gained magnet is machined into finished product through conventional again；Sintered magnet ingredient and magnetic property deviation can be reduced, the magnetic loss of energy generated in tradition machinery process is reduced, to promote magnet entirety magnetic property；Destruction of the green machined in the process to green compact can be reduced simultaneously, reduced the ratio for being difficult to recycle useless powder generated in process, improved the comprehensive utilization ratio of magnetic powder.

Description

A kind of dedicated unit improving properties of sintered ndfeb magnets

Technical field:

The utility model relates to sintered Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet technical field more particularly to a kind of raising Sintered NdFeB magnets The dedicated unit of performance.

Background technique:

For larger-size neodymium iron boron magnetic body, in sintering and ag(e)ing process, because being waved by liquid-phase sintering rare earth Hair, capillary tension effect etc., are easy to produce component segregation, i.e., in the different location ingredient of blank, especially total amount of rare earth meeting Difference, so as to cause the uneven of magnetic property.And crystallite dimension lesser magnet ingredient larger for single base size and Magnetic property unevenness problem is even more serious.In addition, traditional neodymium iron boron product is usually to pass through machinery after magnet is sintered and is heat-treated The mode of processing is processed into finished size, and the processing technology being related to includes cutting, grinding, drilling, chamfering etc., and processing technology compares Maturation, easy to operate, high in machining efficiency, machining accuracy is high.But the blank after being heat-treated is in process, produces in product surface Raw surface stress, causes surface crystal structure to destroy, magnetic property is caused to be decayed, so that magnet performance deviates the performance of blank, it is right In the biggish small sized product of specific surface area and special-shaped product, the decaying of the magnetic caused by processing is particularly acute.Meanwhile it being machined In the process, it in order to cool down, needs to use cutting fluid, studies have shown that cutting fluid can corrode a few micrometers in magnet of depth, shadow Ring the magnetic property and corrosion resistance for arriving magnet.

Chinese patent CN105741994B provides a kind of shape that neodymium iron boron green compact are directly processed into finished product before sintering It is re-sintered after shape, avoids the destruction in process to magnet performance, the performance state after maintaining magnet heat treatment, together When solve the problems, such as that the waste cut materials that traditional processing mode generates are difficult to recycle.But green compact are completely processed into after finished product again There is also some shortcomings for the method for sintering: being processed using traditional equipment and method to green compact, in operability and accuracy With larger problem, because density is lower compared with being sintered blank for green compact, it is easily damaged during green machined, qualification rate reduces, And it is more that green compact are directly processed into finished form process, it is ensured that each manufacturing procedure in inert gas shielding atmosphere or Person protects the requirement carried out in oil to equipment stringenter, increased costs.Product lesser for finished size, be in green compact shape State is processed into that finished product operation difficulty is larger, and precision is poor；For some products or special-shaped product for having arcwall face, if green compact shape Finished product is processed under state, blank is difficult to accurately calculate in the shrinking percentage of different directions in sintering process, it is possible to blank be caused to burn There are relatively large deviations with target product size after knot.In addition, the lesser product of size re-sinters after being completely processed into finished product, because than Surface area increases, and causes to be easier to nitridation, oxidation in sintering process, magnet oxygen, nitrogen content increase, reduced performance.

Utility model content:

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of above-mentioned prior art, and provide a kind of raising Sintered NdFeB magnet The dedicated unit of performance；Mainly solve existing neodymium-iron-boron preparation will lead to magnet ingredient and magnetic property deviation compared with Greatly, tradition machinery processing will lead to the problem of magnet performance reduces, and the utility model also can be reduced to be generated in magnet process Be difficult to recycle the ratio of useless powder, while solving for green compact to be completely processed into finished product and easily leading to green compact damage, and magnet after being sintered The problem of middle oxygen, nitrogen content are higher, reduced performance.

The technical solution of the utility model is: it is a kind of improve properties of sintered ndfeb magnets dedicated unit, it is special it It is in being made of reciprocating cutting mechanism, cutting tool, green compact fixing tool, four part of reciprocating lifting mechanism；Described is reciprocal Connect cutting tool under cutting mechanism, connect green compact fixing tool on the reciprocating lifting mechanism, green compact fixing tool with cut It is corresponding to cut tooling；The reciprocating cutting mechanism moves reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, and reciprocating lifting mechanism is in vertical direction reality Now reciprocal lifting；The green compact fixing tool is made of trunking plate, limition orientation plate, guide pin, adjusting bolt, pedestal, institute Corresponding on the pedestal stated to set two trunking plates, the end of trunking plate is limited a guide plate, sets guide pin and tune on limition orientation plate Save bolt；The cutting tool is made of solidus plate, cutting wire, adjusting screw, fixed plate, is connected in the fixed plate solid Line plate sets cutting wire between solidus plate, adjusting screw is set on solidus plate.

Compared with the prior art a kind of dedicated unit improving properties of sintered ndfeb magnets described in the utility model has Have following good effect: 1) green compact after reciprocity static pressure are cut along one or two of oriented surface, non-oriented face, press face face At re-sintering after finished form and correspondingly-sized and timeliness, ingredient, aberrations in property caused by sintering process are effectively reduced；2) Capable processing only is added to a face or two faces under green state, tradition machinery is carried out after the timeliness to be sintered of face in addition again and adds For work at finished size, alleviating specific surface area after being completely processed into finished product because of green compact leads to greatly very much oxidation in sintering process, nitridation Degree；3) the blank tradition machinery processing capacity re-sintered after green compact are cut is reduced, the magnetism loss of energy caused by machining stress It reduces, magnet overall performance improves；4) green compact are cut using the dedicated unit of the utility model, is effectively prevented because of life Base density is small and the problem of use traditional equipment handling ease to damage, and machining accuracy is high, and the cutting powder that cutting process generates can To be directly compressed into green compact without processing, magnetic powder utilization rate is improved.

Detailed description of the invention:

Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the device of the utility model；

Fig. 2 is green compact fixing tool structural schematic diagram in the device of the utility model；

Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of green compact cutting tool in the device of the utility model.

Specific embodiment:

For a better understanding and implementation, providing specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing is described in detail the utility model.

Referring to Fig. 1,2,3, suitable reciprocating cutting mechanism A and reciprocating lifting mechanism D is selected according to design requirement, is back and forth cut Cutting mill structure A can move reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, and reciprocating lifting mechanism D can realize reciprocal lifting in vertical direction；

Limition orientation plate 2 is installed in the end of two trunking plates 1 of corresponding installation on pedestal 5, trunking plate 1, in limition orientation Guide pin 3 is installed on plate 2 and adjusts bolt 4, forms green compact fixing tool C；

Solidus plate 6 is installed in connection in fixed plate 9, installs cutting wire 7, the installation and adjustment spiral shell on solidus plate 6 between solidus plate 6 Nail 8 forms cutting tool B；

The components such as above-mentioned trunking plate 1, limition orientation plate 2, solidus plate 6, cutting wire 7 can be according to quantity, the ruler for cutting green compact Very little, machining accuracy etc. is replaced；

The connection installation cutting tool B at reciprocating cutting mechanism A, connection installation green compact are fixed on reciprocating lifting mechanism D Tooling C, green compact fixing tool C are corresponding with cutting tool B；By reciprocating cutting mechanism A, cutting tool B, green compact fixing tool C, Reciprocating lifting mechanism D forms the dedicated unit of the utility model.

In use, selecting trunking plate, limition orientation plate according to the quantity of processing green compact and target processing dimension, and pass through tune Green compact are fixed on the base by section bolt；Selection and the solidus plate of trunking plate correspondingly-sized are mounted in cutting tool fixed plate, According to green machined quantity and accuracy selection cutting line, adjusted by adjusting screw to suitable elasticity.

Following embodiments are all made of above-mentioned dedicated unit.

Embodiment 1, the product size of production are as follows: 10.0mm (non-oriented face) * 6.5mm(oriented surface) * 8.0mm(compacting Face), the corresponding size of finished product, non-oriented face are processed into non-oriented face using the dedicated unit of the utility model under green state It is processed with blank of the press face to sintering timeliness.Specific step is as follows:

The magnetic powder of average particle size X50=4.0 μm is pressed into green compact with press under 2.0T magnetic field condition, then through 150Mpa Etc. static pressure suppressions, waiting density after static pressure is about 4.5g/cm3, and green compact size is the non-oriented face 79.3mm() * 38.2mm(orientation Face) * 44.8mm(press face), green compact substance 610.7g；Magnetic powder ingredient is PrNd 31.10wt.%, Dy1.50wt.%, B 0.95wt.%, Co 1.05 wt.%, Al 0.51wt.%, Cu 0.15wt.%, Ga 0.12wt.%, Ti 0.11wt.%, surplus For Fe and inevitable impurity element；Green compact are placed on the pedestal of green compact fixing tool, select wire casing gap for The trunking plate of 11.3mm, and fastened green compact by adjusting bolt；Cutting tool selects the postive stop baffle of wire casing gap 11.3mm, Cutting wire selects diameter for the cutting wire of 0.3mm；Each tooling is installed in place rear starting device and is cut along non-oriented face, cutting Every block green body is cut into 7 block green bodies afterwards, having a size of the non-oriented face 11.0mm() * 38.2mm(oriented surface) * 44.8mm(press face)； The above operation carries out in nitrogen atmosphere, and the magnetic powder that cutting process generates can be to carry out post forming after simple collection；It has cut At blank be sintered in a vacuum furnace, 980 DEG C of sintering temperature, keep the temperature 10 hours, timeliness carried out to sintering blank after cooling Processing, keeps the temperature 3 hours by 800 DEG C of level-one aging temp, 480 DEG C of secondary aging temperature, 3 hours is kept the temperature, in sintering and ag(e)ing process Vacuum degree is less than 5 × 10^-1Pa；Conventional mechanical processing is carried out to the blank that timeliness is completed, oriented surface and press face use wire cutting Grinding and polishing after processing, non-oriented face only need to carry out simple grinding and polishing, and every block of equal static pressure blank finally obtains 140 having a size of 10.0mm* The finished product of 6.5mm*8.0mm；Every block of equal static pressure green compact generate magnetic powder 13.8g during green machined, can be straight after simple recycling It connects and is pressed into green compact；It is comprehensive to be sintered the useless powder 50.5g of generation hardly possible recycling, finished product gross weight 546.0g, magnetic powder in timeliness blank process Closing utilization rate is 91.7%.20 progress ingredients and magnetism testing, rare earth element content (Tre) and magnetic property point are selected at random Cloth situation is shown in Table 1.

According to 1 data of table, rare earth element total amount (Tre) maximum value is 31.2wt.%, minimum value 30.97wt.%, maximum Deviation is 0.23wt.%, standard deviation 0.09；Br maximum value is 13.23kGs, minimum value 13.16kGs, maximum deviation For 0.07kGs, standard deviation 0.02;Hcj maximum value is 22.5kOe, minimum value 22.2kOe, and average value is 22.3kOe, maximum deviation 0.3kOe, standard deviation 0.10;Average squareness (Hk/Hcj) is 0.97.Finished product O element Mean value is 680ppm, and N element mean value is 383ppm.

Embodiment 2, the product size of production are as follows: 10.0mm (non-oriented face) * 6.5mm(oriented surface) * 8.0mm(compacting Face), finished product correspondingly-shaped and size are processed into dedicated unit in oriented surface and non-oriented face under green state.Specific steps are such as Under:

The magnetic powder of average particle size X50=4.0 μm is pressed into green compact with press under 2.0T magnetic field condition, then through 400Mpa Etc. static pressure suppressions, waiting density after static pressure is about 5.5g/cm3, and green compact size is the non-oriented face 75.7mm() * 33.9mm(orientation Face) * 43.2mm(press face), green compact substance 609.7g；Magnetic powder ingredient is PrNd 31.10wt.%, Dy1.50wt.%, B 0.95wt.%, Co 1.05 wt.%, Al 0.51wt.%, Cu 0.15wt.%, Ga 0.12wt.%, Ti 0.11wt.%, surplus For Fe and inevitable impurity element；Green compact are placed on green compact fixing tool pedestal, step 1: select wire casing gap for The trunking plate and cutting tool postive stop baffle of 10.8mm, cutting wire select diameter for the cutting wire (material) of 0.3mm, each tooling peace Starting device is cut along non-oriented face after being attached to position, and every block green body is cut into 7 block green bodies after cutting, having a size of 10.5mm (non-oriented face) * 33.9mm(oriented surface) * 43.2mm(press face)；Step 2: replacement wire casing gap be 8.4mm trunking plate and Cutting tool limit plate, tooling be installed in place rear starting device along oriented surface cut, obtain 28 it is non-oriented having a size of 10.5mm( Face) * 8.1mm(oriented surface) * 43.2mm(press face) and green briquette；Above step carries out in argon atmosphere, cuts green compact mistake The magnetic powder generated in journey carries out post forming after simple collection；The blank that cutting is completed is sintered in a vacuum furnace, is sintered 1040 DEG C of temperature, 7 hours are kept the temperature, ageing treatment is carried out to sintering blank after cooling；900 DEG C of level-one aging temp, heat preservation 3 is small When, 600 DEG C of secondary aging temperature, keep the temperature 3 hours；In sintering and ag(e)ing process；Vacuum degree is less than 5 × 10^-1Pa；Timeliness is completed Blank press face carry out conventional mechanical processing, be processed into 8.0mm size, finally carry out resulting 140 magnets at polishing Reason, obtains 140 finished products having a size of 10.0mm*6.5mm*8.0mm.Every block of equal static pressure green compact produce during green machined Magnetisation powder 36.2g, can be pressed into green compact again after simply recycling.It is sintered in timeliness blank process and generates the useless powder of difficult recycling 25.8g, finished product gross weight 546.0g, magnetic powder comprehensive utilization ratio 95.3%.20 progress ingredients and magnetism testing are selected at random, member Cellulose content and magnetic property distribution are shown in Table 2.

According to 2 data of table, rare earth element total amount (Tre) maximum value is 31.17wt.%, minimum value 31.03wt.%, maximum Deviation is 0.14wt.%, standard deviation 0.04；Br maximum value is 13.22kGs, minimum value 13.18kGs, maximum deviation For 0.04kGs, standard deviation 0.01, Hcj maximum value is 22.5kOe, minimum value 22.3kOe, and average value is 22.4kOe, maximum deviation 0.2kOe, standard deviation 0.07, average squareness (Hk/Hcj) are 0.97.Finished product O element Average content is 692ppm, and N element average content is 395ppm.

Comparative example 1, the product size of production are as follows: 10.0mm (non-oriented face) * 6.5mm(oriented surface) * 8.0mm(compacting Face), without processing under green state, green compact are processed into end product rule through tradition machinery process equipment again after oversintering timeliness It is very little.Specific step is as follows:

The magnetic powder of average particle size X50=4.0 μm is pressed into green compact with press under 2.0T magnetic field condition, then through 400Mpa Etc. static pressure suppressions, waiting density after static pressure is about 5.5g/cm3, and green compact size is the non-oriented face 75.7mm() * 33.9mm(orientation Face) * 43.2mm(press face), green compact substance 609.7g；Magnetic powder ingredient is PrNd 31.10wt.%, Dy1.50wt.%, B 0.95wt.%, Co 1.05 wt.%, Al 0.51wt.%, Cu 0.15wt.%, Ga 0.12wt.%, Ti 0.11wt.%, surplus For Fe and inevitable impurity element；Equal static pressure green compact are sintered in a vacuum furnace, 1040 DEG C of sintering temperature, heat preservation 7 Hour, ageing treatment is carried out to sintering blank after cooling；900 DEG C of level-one aging temp, 3 hours are kept the temperature, secondary aging temperature 600 DEG C, keep the temperature 3 hours；Require vacuum degree less than 5 × 10 in sintering and ag(e)ing process^-1Pa；The blank that timeliness is completed is carried out conventional Machining, every block of sintering blank finally obtains 140 finished products having a size of 10.0mm*6.5mm*8.0mm；It is sintered timeliness hair The useless powder 64.4g of difficult recycling, finished product gross weight 546.0g, magnetic powder comprehensive utilization ratio 89.6% are generated in base process.20 are selected at random Part carries out ingredient and magnetism testing, and rare earth element content (Tre) and magnetic property distribution are shown in Table 3.

According to 3 data of table, rare earth element total amount (Tre) maximum value is 31.42wt.%, minimum value 30.76wt.%, maximum Deviation is 0.66wt.%, standard deviation 0.21；Br maximum value is 13.26kGs, minimum value 13.10kGs, and maximum deviation is 0.16kGs, standard deviation 0.05；Hcj maximum value be 22.4kOe, minimum value 21.7kOe, maximum deviation 0.7kOe, Average value is 22.0kOe, and standard deviation 0.23, average squareness (Hk/Hcj) is 0.96.Finished product O constituent content mean value is 663ppm, N element content mean value are 366ppm.

Comparative example 2, the product size of production are as follows: 10.0mm (non-oriented face) * 6.5mm(oriented surface) * 8.0mm(compacting Face), finished product correspondingly-shaped and size are processed into dedicated unit in oriented surface, non-oriented face, press face under green state.Specifically Steps are as follows:

The magnetic powder of average particle size X50=4.0 μm is pressed into green compact with press under 2.0T magnetic field condition, then through 400Mpa Etc. static pressure suppressions, waiting density after static pressure is about 5.5g/cm3, and green compact size is the non-oriented face 75.7mm() * 33.9mm(orientation Face) * 43.2mm(press face), green compact substance 609.7g；Magnetic powder ingredient is PrNd 31.10wt.%, Dy1.50wt.%, B 0.95wt.%, Co 1.05 wt.%, Al 0.51wt.%, Cu 0.15wt.%, Ga 0.12wt.%, Ti 0.11wt.%, surplus For Fe and inevitable impurity element.Green compact cutting uses the dedicated unit completed in embodiment 1；Green compact are placed on fixation On tooling base, step 1: selecting wire casing gap for the trunking plate and cutting tool postive stop baffle of 10.8mm, cutting wire selection is straight Diameter is the cutting wire (material) of 0.3mm, and each tooling is installed in place rear starting device and is cut along non-oriented face, every piece after cutting Green compact are cut into 7 block green bodies, having a size of the non-oriented face 10.5mm() * 33.9mm(oriented surface) * 43.2mm(press face)；Second Step: the trunking plate and cutting tool limit plate that replacement wire casing gap is 8.4mm, tooling are installed in place rear starting device along oriented surface Cutting, obtain 28 having a size of the non-oriented face 10.5mm() * 8.1mm(oriented surface) * 43.2mm(press face) green briquette；Third Step: the trunking plate and cutting tool limit plate that replacement wire casing gap is 8.6mm, tooling are installed in place rear starting device along press face Cut, obtain 140 having a size of the non-oriented face 10.5mm() * 8.1mm(oriented surface) * 8.3mm(press face) and green briquette. Above step carries out in argon atmosphere, and the magnetic powder generated during cutting green compact can carry out post forming after simple collection； The blank that cutting is completed is sintered in a vacuum furnace, 1040 DEG C of sintering temperature, keeps the temperature 7 hours, it is cooling after to sintering blank into Row ageing treatment.900 DEG C of level-one aging temp, 3 hours are kept the temperature, 600 DEG C of secondary aging temperature, keeps the temperature 3 hours；Sintering and timeliness Require vacuum degree less than 5 × 10 in the process^-1Pa；Simple Mechanical polishings are carried out to three directions of blank that timeliness is completed, every piece Equal static pressure blank finally obtains 140 finished products having a size of 10.0mm*6.5mm*8.0mm.Every piece etc. during green machined Static pressure green compact generate magnetic powder 50.8g, can be pressed into green compact again after simply recycling；It is generated in sintering timeliness blank process Hardly possible recycles useless powder 12.0g, finished product gross weight 546.0g, magnetic powder comprehensive utilization ratio 97.7%.20 progress ingredients and magnetism are selected at random It can test, constituent content and magnetic property distribution are shown in Table 4.

According to 4 data of table, rare earth element total amount (Tre) maximum value is 31.17wt.%, minimum value 31.05wt.%, maximum Deviation is 0.12wt.%, standard deviation 0.04；Br maximum value is 13.21kGs, minimum value 13.14kGs, and maximum deviation is 0.07kGs, standard deviation 0.02；Hcj maximum value be 22.3kOe, minimum value 21.7kOe, maximum deviation 0.6kOe, Average value is 22.1kOe, and standard deviation 0.17, average squareness (Hk/Hcj) is 0.96.Finished product O constituent content mean value is 719ppm, N element content mean value are 456ppm.

1 test result of comparing embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and comparative example, it is certain close to having using the device of the utility model One or two of equal static pressure green compact oriented surface, non-oriented face and the press face of degree face re-sinters after being cut, timeliness, most It is machined to finished size by conventional mechanical, finished product total amount of rare earth, Br, Hcj maximum deviation and standard deviation value are compared with traditional handicraft It prepares magnet to become smaller, uniformity is improved, and Hcj average value increases, and Hcj average value improves 0.3~0.4kOe, processed A part of magnetic powder generated in journey can be recycled and reused by simple mode, reduce the production of tradition machinery processing method The raw ratio for being difficult to recycle magnetic powder, magnetic powder comprehensive utilization ratio are improved by original 89.6% to 91.7~95.3%.

Embodiment 1, embodiment 2 are compared with comparative example 2, although blank is completely processed by comparative example 2 under green state Re-sintered after finished product, the mode of timeliness makes ingredient and Br deviation is slightly reduced, but there is no too big advantage.Importantly, Increase because of green machined at specific surface area after finished product in comparative example 2, cause blank cutting and sintering process in easily oxidation and It nitrogenizes, O element, N element content increase obvious in finished product, and Hcj is caused to be lower than the value of embodiment.As it can be seen that cut using green compact Mode improves magnet homogeneity and improves finished product Hcj, and green state lower need to process to once the face to both direction It can play the role of preferable.

Above embodiments are only to illustrate specific embodiment of the present utility model, are not used in limitation the utility model.It is all It is that modification, the replacement etc. carried out according to the content of the present invention and thinking shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of dedicated unit for improving properties of sintered ndfeb magnets, which is characterized in that by reciprocating cutting mechanism (A), cutting Tooling (B), green compact fixing tool (C), four part of reciprocating lifting mechanism (D) composition；It is connected under the reciprocating cutting mechanism (A) Cutting tool (B) connects green compact fixing tool (C) on the reciprocating lifting mechanism (D), green compact fixing tool (C) and cutting Tooling (B) is corresponding；The reciprocating cutting mechanism (A) moves reciprocatingly in the horizontal direction, and reciprocating lifting mechanism (D) is vertical Realize reciprocal lifting in direction；The green compact fixing tool (C) is by trunking plate (1), limition orientation plate (2), guide pin (3), tune Bolt (4), pedestal (5) composition are saved, correspondence sets two trunking plates (1) on the pedestal (5), and the end of trunking plate (1) is limited Position guide plate (2) sets guide pin (3) and adjusting bolt (4) on limition orientation plate (2)；The cutting tool (B) is by solidus plate (6), cutting wire (7), adjusting screw (8), fixed plate (9) form, and connect solidus plate (6) in the fixed plate (9), solidus plate (6) it is set between cutting wire (7), is set on solidus plate (6) and adjust screw (8).