CN208505850U - It is a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop - Google Patents
It is a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop Download PDFInfo
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- CN208505850U CN208505850U CN201820897232.5U CN201820897232U CN208505850U CN 208505850 U CN208505850 U CN 208505850U CN 201820897232 U CN201820897232 U CN 201820897232U CN 208505850 U CN208505850 U CN 208505850U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, including laser light sheet incidence system, scattering photoimaging systems and signal processing system；The laser light sheet incidence system generates sheet laser；The forward scattering light of the scattering photoimaging systems acquisition drop and the time resolution forward scattering striations figure for recording drop；The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of signal processing system analysis processing record, obtains the partial size and its change of size of drop；Phase particle interference image-forming device overcomes the defect that existing defocus particle interference imaging technology is only capable of measuring spherical droplets partial size, can measure particle size and its change of size simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to spray droplet fields of measurement, and in particular to a kind of phase particle interference for measuring drop
Imaging device.
Background technique
Spraying and atomized drop has extensive industrial application, such as including internal combustion engine, aero-engine and liquid rocket
Various spray burning dynamical systems inside, the spraying pharmacy and drying of food and bioengineering, the nanometer of spray burning synthesis
Material preparation and misting cooling and absorption etc..During these, that there are heat and mass etc. is each for spray droplet and surrounding medium
Kind of physical-chemical reaction, it is typical such as evaporation, condensation, heating and cooling.Since the variation of drop mass is even being expanded with heat and contract with cold
Under the action of, in a small time scale minor change also occurs for the partial size of drop.
Existing drop measuring technique can be divided into contact type measurement and noncontact optical measurement two major classes.Contact type measurement
Method, such as sedimentation, freezing process, molten cured method can generate original drop flow field and hinder and damage, can only measure its partial size and mistake
It is poor big, it cannot achieve its size droplet diameter measure of the change.Noncontact optical measurement method does not interfere drop field, and high with precision,
The advantages that rapid survey, several optical means and instrument for size droplet diameter measurement of developed recently.
Phase-Doppler particle analyzer can measure spherical shaped transparent symmetrical liquid drop partial size and its movement velocity and nothing simultaneously in high precision
It needs to demarcate, is the standard method of measurement and equipment of size droplet diameter measurement；Shadowing method is by the projection of shooting drop to size droplet diameter
Intuitively measured；Diffraction approach is by measuring droplet size to the spacing of diffraction fringe or frequency before analysis of the droplet；Drop is complete
Imaging method is ceased by the hologram of record drop, and the focusedimage for obtaining drop is rebuild in inverting, measures size droplet diameter；Rainbow refraction
Instrument seeks size droplet diameter by scattered light intensity of the analysis of the droplet near rainbow angle；Solar flare imaging method passes through measurement drop
The distance of solar flare is counter to push away droplet size.
When defocus particle interference imaging method measures size droplet diameter, basic principle are as follows: liquid is recorded using defocus imaging system
The single order transmitted light and surface emitting light of drop analyze the frequency or striped of recorded fringe in the interference fringe in forward scattering direction
Spacing measures size droplet diameter.This method is proposed to be used to measure two-dimentional dilute phase spray droplet field by Konig et al. earliest.Afterwards
Come, interference fringe border circular areas is compressed into elongated squared region by using cylindrical lens or slit diaphragm by Kawaguchi et al.
Domain expands drop measurement concentration.In the recent period, Shen et al. designs special astigmatism imaging system to measure the three-dimensional position of drop
Information.
Above-mentioned non-contact optical measurement method is mainly for the measurement of size droplet diameter, and wherein absolute measurement precision is not generally
More than 1 micron, relative accuracy is usually no more than 1%.In size droplet diameter measure of the change, phase-Doppler particle analyzer is due to being a survey
Amount and it is helpless；Other above-mentioned image rules use Lagrangian particle tracking strategy, compare different moments size droplet diameter ruler
It is very little to seek its variation.But for actual motion drop, partial size is 5-300 microns, is passing through several millimeters to several centimetres measurements
In several milliseconds of times when visual field, change of size variation range is generally 1 nanometer to 1 micron.This small size change of size
The measurement accuracy of the above method and equipment is often had exceeded, thus the above method and equipment are unable to measure the change of this size droplet diameter
Change.
Up to the present, lack simultaneously measure micro-meter scale size droplet diameter and its nanoscale change of size method with
Device.Such methods and device are to further investigate and disclose the dynamic (dynamical) important experimental testing tool of spray droplet, to it
Exploitation is carried out to be of great significance and practical value.
Utility model content
The utility model aim is to provide a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, the phase
Position particle interference image-forming device can measure drop size and its nanoscale change of size simultaneously, and it is dry to overcome existing defocus particle
Relate to the defect that imaging technique is only capable of measuring micro-meter scale spherical droplets partial size.
It is a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, the phase particle interference image-forming device includes swashing
Mating plate light source incidence system, scattering photoimaging systems and signal processing system；The laser light sheet incidence system generates piece
Light source；The forward scattering light of the scattering photoimaging systems acquisition drop and the time resolution forward scattering striations for recording drop
Figure；The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of signal processing system analysis processing record, obtain drop partial size and its
Change of size.
Further, the laser light sheet input path system includes continuous wave laser or high-frequency pulsed lasers device, with
And sheet laser modulation component.
The sheet laser modulation component includes Plano concave cylindr lens peace pillar lens.
The continuous wave laser or high-frequency pulsed lasers device generate small laser beam, and the intensity of laser is adjustable；Described
The small light beam of laser emitting is expanded and is modulated into sheet laser by modulation of source component.
Further, the output power of the continuous wave laser is 100mW-10W.
Further, the operating frequency range of the high-frequency pulsed lasers device is 1kHz-1MHz.
Further, the laser light sheet is parallel, is highly 1cm-10cm, with a thickness of 0.5mm-2mm.
Further, the laser is semiconductor laser, and wavelength is in the visible light region 350nm to 700nm.
Further, the drop is located near laser light sheet beam waist position.
The scattering photoimaging systems include globe lens and high speed linear array camera；It is saturating that the high speed linear array camera is located at ball
On the back focal plane of mirror, Fourier's imaging system is constituted；The globe lens collects the forward scattering light of drop；The high speed
Line-scan digital camera records the time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop for separating forward scattering light in time.
The diameter of the globe lens is 3cm-10cm, and focal length 0.5cm-15cm can collect 5 ° to 20 ° of scattering
Angular.
The frequency acquisition of the high speed linear array camera is 5kHz-200kHz, be can recorde within the scope of above-mentioned frequency acquisition
The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop.
The scattering photoimaging systems are astigmatism imaging system；The scattering photoimaging systems include that the first ball is saturating
Mirror, horizontal narrow slit, vertical slit, the second globe lens, cylindrical lens and area array cameras；The position for adjusting the first globe lens makes its receipts
Collect the forward scattering light of drop；Horizontal narrow slit is located at the back focal plane of the first globe lens, filters the forward scattering light of drop；Vertically
Slit is located at drop in the picture plane of the first globe lens, is used for restricting liquid drop movement track；The forward scattering light of drop passes through
Second globe lens and cylindrical lens reach area array cameras, obtain the time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop.
The astigmatism imaging system spatially separates the forward scattering light of drop.
The astigmatism imaging system rainbow scattering angular direction should be able to collection of scattered light angle be 5 ° to 20 °.
The diameter of first globe lens is 5cm-10cm, focal length 5cm-15cm.
The horizontal narrow slit should be able to filter the scattering light of non-normal incidence on vertical direction well, and height is
0.1mm-1mm, width are not less than the radius of the first globe lens.
The vertical slit should be not less than the size of drop picture, and width 0.1mm-1mm is highly not less than the first ball
The radius of lens.
The diameter of second globe lens is 5cm-10cm, focal length 3cm-15cm.
Further, the height of the cylindrical lens, width are not less than the radius of the second globe lens, focal length 5cm-
25cm。
Further, the area array cameras is the photosensitive camera of CCD/CMOS electronics, and pixel is not less than 1,000,000.
It is provided by the utility model for measure the measurement method of the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop to include following
Step:
(1) it after expanding the laser beam emitted by laser via beam expanders, is converged in one direction with cylindrical lens
It is modulated into sheet laser；
(2) drop moves in sheet laser and generates forward scattering light, using scattering photoimaging systems and cameras record, obtains
The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop is obtained, wherein forward scattering angle is between 30 ° to 90 °；
(3) the absolute scatter angle of the forward scattering light of Calibration droplets obtains forward scattering light angle of scattering；
(4) the forward scattering light angle of scattering obtained according to step (3), and analysis time differentiates forward scattering striations figure
Fringe spacing or frequency obtain size droplet diameter, and analysis time differentiates the phase shift of forward scattering striations figure in time and obtains drop
Change of size.
In the step (3) the absolute scatter angle of calibration forward scattering light method the following steps are included:
Reflecting mirror is placed on measured zone by (3-1), i.e., at movement drop；
(3-2) reflecting mirror is mounted on high-precision rotary displacement platform center, rotates swing offset platform, incident laser is in reflecting mirror
On the drop of reflection optical analog different angle scatter light, and by cameras record in different lines；
(3-3) combination and reflecting mirror reflection laser and incident laser overlapping positions angle, can obtain the anti-of cameras record
Penetrate laser absolute angle, i.e. forward scattering light angle of scattering.
The frequency of scattering striations and phase shift pass through the mutual function of time resolution forward scattering striations figure in the step (3)
The amplitude of rate spectrum density is sought with phase；It is fringe frequency at the Amplitude maxima of the cross-spectral density, can waits
Effect is converted to fringe period；Value of the phase of the cross-spectral density at fringe period as scatters the phase shift of light.
Further, to two calibrated moment t1And t2The forward scattering light I of dropt1And It2Its average value is subtracted,
And be normalized, then calculate its cross-spectral density Γrt(f)；Cross-spectral density Γrt(f) f at Amplitude maximac
As fringe frequency is converted to fringe period φπ, formula is substituted into, and combine drop refractive index n, acquires size droplet diameter D；Mutually
Power spectral density Γrt(f) phase is in fringe period fcThe value at place, as the phase shift Δ φ of forward scattering light substitute into formula, i.e.,
It can get change of size Δ D.
The calculation method of size droplet diameter in the step (4) are as follows:
Wherein, φπFor fringe period, work as phase differenceδWhen changing 2 π, it is denoted as φπ, θfFor forward scattering light angle of scattering, n
For drop refractive index, λ is optical maser wavelength.
The calculation method that size droplet diameter changes in the step (4) are as follows:
Wherein, λ is optical maser wavelength, θfFor forward scattering light angle of scattering, n is drop refractive index, Δ φδFor phase shift.
The basic principle of the phase particle interference image-forming device provided by the utility model for being used to measure drop are as follows: record liquid
The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop, the fringe spacing or frequency of analysis scattering striations figure obtain drop cross sectional ruler
Very little, the phase shift angle of analysis striped in time obtains size droplet diameter variation.
Meanwhile in conjunction with Particle tracking velocity measuring technique, the movement velocity of drop is obtained.The technology can be applied to drop evaporation
The measurement of the droplet dynamics such as characteristic, Drop Condensation characteristic.
Forward scattering light mainly includes two parts, across single order transmitted light and the reflection in droplet surface reflection of drop
Light.This two parts light has light path due to different paths, and optical path difference causes two parts light to scatter, and generates interference
Striped.It is respectively incident reference face and outgoing with vertical with incident light and emergent light but tangent with droplet surface plane AE and DG
The plane of reference.The path of transmitted light is AB, BC and CD, light path are as follows:
Lp1=LAB+LBC+LCD=D (1-cos θ1+ncosθ2) (1)
Wherein θ1For the incidence angle for reflecting light and droplet surface normal, θ2It is incident light at the refraction angle of drop internal.
The path of reflected light is EF and FG, light path are as follows:
Lp0=LEF+LFG=D (1-cos θ3) (2)
Wherein θ3For the incidence angle of reflected light.
The optical path difference of transmitted light and reflected light are as follows:
Lδ=Lp1-Lp0=D (cos θ3-cosθ1+ncosθ2) (3)
Corresponding phase difference are as follows:
Wherein θfFor forward scattering angle.Work as phase differenceδWhen changing 2 π, it is denoted as φπ, interference fringe variation a cycle.
To phase difference in forward scattering angle θfTaylor series expansion is carried out, and takes first order, size droplet diameter can be obtained and fringe spacing is closed
System:
Formula (4) also indicates that simultaneously, when size droplet diameter D variation, in forward-scattering angle θfThe phase difference at place can also change.
To partial size D differential in formula (4), arrangement can be obtained:
Formula (6) indicates, the phase change A φ of size droplet diameter changes delta D and scattered striationδIt is directly proportional, ratio and liquid
Drip refractive index n and forward-scattering angle θfIt is related.
Compared with prior art, the phase particle interference image-forming device provided by the utility model for measuring drop can be with
Multi-parameter, multiple dimensioned measurement are carried out to the partial size of spray droplet grain, change of size and evaporation rate, wherein size droplet diameter is big
Small is between 5-300 microns, and change of size is between 5 nanometers to 5 microns.
Detailed description of the invention
Laser light sheet is incident in the phase particle interference image-forming device for measuring drop that Fig. 1 provides for embodiment 1
The structural schematic diagram of system and scattering photoimaging systems；
Laser light sheet is incident in the phase particle interference image-forming device for measuring drop that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment 2
The structural schematic diagram of system and scattering photoimaging systems.
Specific embodiment
According to the above utility model content, in conjunction with attached drawing, it will be used to measure drop to provided by the utility model below
Phase particle interference image-forming device is described in detail by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, the phase particle interference image-forming device includes swashing
Mating plate light source incidence system, scattering photoimaging systems and signal processing system；The laser light sheet incidence system generates piece
Light source；The forward scattering light of the scattering photoimaging systems acquisition drop and the time resolution forward scattering striations for recording drop
Figure；The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of signal processing system analysis processing record, obtain drop partial size and its
Change of size.
The structural schematic diagram of laser light sheet incidence system and scattering photoimaging systems is as shown in Figure 1.
High-power laser beam, power 5W are generated using continuous wave laser 1；Laser beam passes through by 2 He of Plano concave cylindr lens
The sheet laser component that plano-convex cylindrical lens 3 are constituted generates laser light sheet 4；Adjustment sheet laser position is irradiated on drop 5 to be measured,
And covering part liquid drop movement track 6；The position for adjusting globe lens 7 makes it collect the forward scattering light of drop 5.
High speed linear array camera 14 is adjusted, is allowed on the back focal plane of globe lens 7.
Wherein, laser is semiconductor laser, and wavelength is the visible light region 532nm.
Wherein, laser light sheet is parallel, is highly 3cm, with a thickness of 1mm.
Wherein, the diameter of globe lens 7 is 7.5cm, focal length 10cm.
Wherein, the frequency acquisition of high speed linear array camera is 100kHz, records the dynamic scattering light of drop 5, obtains phase grain
The signal of sub- interference imaging.
In the present embodiment, continuous wave laser 1 could alternatively be the high-frequency pulsed lasers device synchronous with camera.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, the phase particle interference image-forming device includes swashing
Mating plate light source incidence system, scattering photoimaging systems and signal processing system；The laser light sheet incidence system generates piece
Light source；The forward scattering light of the scattering photoimaging systems acquisition drop and the time resolution forward scattering striations for recording drop
Figure；The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of signal processing system analysis processing record, obtain drop partial size and its
Change of size.
The structural schematic diagram of laser light sheet incidence system and scattering photoimaging systems is as shown in Figure 2.
Laser beam, power 1W are generated using continuous wave laser 1；Laser beam passes through by the peaceful pillar of Plano concave cylindr lens 2
The sheet laser component that lens 3 are constituted generates laser light sheet 4；Adjustment sheet laser position is irradiated on drop 5 to be measured, and covers
Cover liquid drop movement track 6；The position for adjusting the first globe lens 7 makes it collect the forward scattering light of drop 5；Horizontal narrow slit 8
Positioned at the back focal plane of the first globe lens 7, the forward scattering light of drop is filtered；Vertical slit 9 is located at the first globe lens of drop 5
In 7 picture plane, it to be used for restricting liquid drop movement track；Later, the forward scattering light of drop is saturating by the second globe lens 10 and column
Mirror 11 reaches area array cameras 12, records time resolution scattering striations Figure 13 of drop.
Cylindrical lens 11 are horizontal positioned, and the astigmatism imaging system an of part, the system are collectively formed with the second globe lens 10
In the horizontal direction be located at the back focal plane of the first globe lens 4 as plane, i.e., at horizontal narrow slit 8, and position in the vertical direction
In in the plane of vertical slit 6, so that signal is most strong.
Forward scattering light of the drop during the motion at different height is recorded in not going together for camera, in order to record it
The time for exposure of dynamic scattering light, area array cameras is long, can be set as several milliseconds.
In this embodiment, the first globe lens 7, horizontal narrow slit 8, vertical slit 9, the second globe lens 10, cylindrical lens 11 with
Area array cameras 12, collectively forms astigmatism imaging system, feature be in the horizontal direction be that drop scatters light Fourier imaging,
It is drop focal imaging on vertical direction.
In this embodiment, drop 5 could alternatively be identical drop stream, and signal can be enhanced in this way.
Wherein, the diameter of the first globe lens 7 is 10cm, focal length 15cm.
Wherein, the height of horizontal narrow slit 8 is 0.5mm, width 5cm.
Wherein, the width of vertical slit 9 is 0.5mm, is highly 5cm.
Wherein, the diameter of the second globe lens 10 is 7.5cm, focal length 10cm.
Wherein, the height of cylindrical lens 11, width are 5cm, focal length 10cm.
Wherein, area array cameras 12 is the photosensitive camera of CCD/CMOS electronics, and pixel is 4,000,000.
In addition to the implementation, in the range disclosed in claims of the utility model and specification, this is practical
Novel technical characteristic or technical data can be reselected and be combined, to constitute new embodiment, these are all these
Field technical staff is without carrying out what creative work can be realized, therefore the implementation that these the utility model are not described in
Example also should be regarded as specific embodiment of the utility model and be within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that the phase particle interference imaging
Device includes laser light sheet incidence system, scattering photoimaging systems and signal processing system；The laser light sheet is incident
System generates sheet laser；The forward scattering light of the scattering photoimaging systems acquisition drop and record before the time resolution of drop to
Scatter striations figure；The time resolution forward scattering striations figure of the signal processing system analysis processing record, obtains drop
Partial size and its change of size.
2. according to claim 1 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
Scattering photoimaging systems includes globe lens and high speed linear array camera；The high speed linear array camera is located at the back focal plane of globe lens
On, constitute Fourier's imaging system；The globe lens collects the forward scattering light of drop；The high speed linear array camera is used for
Forward scattering light is separated in time, and records the time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop.
3. according to claim 2 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
The diameter of globe lens is 3cm-10cm, focal length 0.5cm-15cm.
4. according to claim 2 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
The frequency acquisition of high speed linear array camera is 5kHz-200kHz.
5. according to claim 1 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
Scattering photoimaging systems are astigmatism imaging system；The scattering photoimaging systems include the first globe lens, horizontal narrow slit, vertical
Slit, the second globe lens, cylindrical lens and area array cameras；The position for adjusting the first globe lens makes it collect the forward scattering of drop
Light；Horizontal narrow slit is located at the back focal plane of the first globe lens, filters the forward scattering light of drop；Vertical slit is located at drop the
In the picture plane of one globe lens, it to be used for restricting liquid drop movement track；The forward scattering light of drop is saturating by the second globe lens and column
Mirror reaches area array cameras, obtains the time resolution forward scattering striations figure of drop.
6. according to claim 5 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that it is described as
Astigmatic image system spatially separates the forward scattering light of drop.
7. according to claim 5 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
The diameter of first globe lens is 5cm-10cm, focal length 5cm-15cm.
8. according to claim 5 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
The height of horizontal narrow slit is 0.1mm-1mm, and width is not less than the radius of the first globe lens.
9. according to claim 5 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
The width of vertical slit is 0.1mm-1mm, is highly not less than the radius of the first globe lens.
10. according to claim 5 for measuring the phase particle interference image-forming device of drop, which is characterized in that described
The second globe lens diameter be 5cm-10cm, focal length 3cm-15cm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109883906A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江大学 | A kind of nano metal two-phase fluid stability measurement method |
| CN114166702A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-11 | 浙江大学 | Differential phase interference imaging method and device for measuring size change of radial gradient distribution liquid drops |
-
2018
- 2018-06-11 CN CN201820897232.5U patent/CN208505850U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109883906A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-06-14 | 浙江大学 | A kind of nano metal two-phase fluid stability measurement method |
| CN114166702A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-11 | 浙江大学 | Differential phase interference imaging method and device for measuring size change of radial gradient distribution liquid drops |
| CN114166702B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-09-01 | 浙江大学 | Differential phase interference imaging method and device for measuring radial gradient distribution droplet size variation |
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