CN208441951U - A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure - Google Patents

A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure Download PDF

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CN208441951U
CN208441951U CN201820676815.5U CN201820676815U CN208441951U CN 208441951 U CN208441951 U CN 208441951U CN 201820676815 U CN201820676815 U CN 201820676815U CN 208441951 U CN208441951 U CN 208441951U
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oil
fuel
valve
oil cylinder
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王淑平
郭建玲
梁志中
郑国璋
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Abstract

A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure, including oil injector body, needle-valve, needle-valve body, needle-valve pilot hole, the annular lubricant oil groove being slidably matched in gap, needle-valve body fastening nut, needle valve spring, oil cylinder, the pressure balancing piston, check valve that needle-valve pilot hole and needle-valve is arranged in, oil cylinder is separated by pressure balancing piston in oil cylinder: the fuel oil cylinder of the other end of lubrication oil cylinder and pressure balancing piston between one end and check valve of pressure balancing piston;Lubrication oil cylinder is connected to through upper oil leab, oil leab with annular lubricant oil groove;Fuel oil cylinder is connected to through fuel oil road, with oil duct;It effectively prevents the leakage of high pressure low-viscosity fuel, avoid the problem that directly contacting, overcoming needle-valve and needle-valve pilot hole wear-out failure for needle-valve and needle-valve pilot hole, it is ensured that the functional reliability and durability of pintle nozzle match-ing parts when spraying low viscosity clean fuel;The structure is applied to diesel engine, and the energy resource structure of the low viscosities clean fuel such as diesel engine dimethyl-ether, methanol can be pushed to make the transition.

Description

A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure
Technical field
The utility model relates to diesel injector, relate in particular to a kind of can not only spray diesel oil but also can spray The fuel injector for penetrating a variety of low viscosity clean fuels such as dimethyl ether, methanol, ethyl alcohol, belongs to technical field of internal combustion engines.
Technical background
The diesel engine thermal efficiency is high, is widely used engine.Use for diesel engine diesel oil makees fuel, nitrogen oxide emission Greatly, pm emission pollutant is more, and by the restriction of increasingly severeer environmental requirement, diesel oil is being found and promoted in countries in the world all The cleaning alternative fuel of machine.It tests after study countries in the world, it is recognized that coal derived DME is the clean fuel of diesel oil substitute, Germany Confirmation methanol can also make the clean fuel of diesel oil substitute on a diesel engine plus after igniter burning Methanol with Japan.Due to Injector nozzle matching parts (the accurate sliding between the intracorporal needle-valve pilot hole of needle-valve and needle-valve in it of diesel injector Matable assembly) work when, the accurate face that is slidably matched between needle-valve and needle-valve pilot hole is by diesel fuel lubricity and sealing, diesel oil Due to liquid viscosity (the respectively 0.15mm of dimethyl ether and methanol when machine dimethyl ether fuel or methanol2/ s and 0.6mm2/ s) compare bavin Oily liquid viscosity (3~8mm2/ s) it is much smaller, pintle nozzle match-ing parts wear soon, fuel leakage failure.This problem is to hinder One of the main problem of the low viscosities clean fuel such as dimethyl ether fuel and methanol is promoted on diesel engine.
To solve the above problems, utility model patent " lubricating arrangement of dimethyl ether engine fuel injector " (Authorization Notice No. CN2599266Y the large tank company of a kind of pressure-regulating valve with high pressure gas holder through exporting and lubricating oil pressurizing cylinder) is provided It connects, pushes the small piston in small oil tank to be pressurized the lubricating oil in small oil tank by the big piston in large tank and be pressed onto needle through pipeline In the oil pocket of valve mating surface, lubrication and sealing function are played, exists and is difficult to long-term fuel feeding, not can control lubricating oil and fuel oil especially Pressure difference, needle-valve pressure end fuel oil reaches 1000bar or more when being pressed in injection, only 0~20bar, lubrication pressure when not spraying Too high not oil spout when lubricating oil can flow into fuel oil formed burn oil phenomenon, the low-viscosity fuels such as dimethyl ether when lubricating oil forces down oil spout The fit clearance that pintle nozzle match-ing parts can be entered make pintle nozzle match-ing parts wear-out failure, thus this device not no reality of practical application so far Example;Patent of invention " low-pressure electric controlled dimethyl ether fuel injection system " (publication number CN1275676A), which provides, a kind of uses high pressure nitrogen Dimethyl ether in dimethyl ether tank is sent into the device of atomizer by the high pressure nitrogen of bottle through electronic control unit, but without solving fuel injection nozzle matching The problem of part abrasion, fuel leakage, " diesel engine double-fuel oil pump sprays two kinds of combustions to patent of invention (Authorization Notice No. CN1312393C) The spraying system of material " also without proposing to solve the problems, such as dimethyl ether fuel injection when the side failed of injector valve matching part abrasion Case, a kind of patent of invention (patent No. ZL201010527302.6) " electric control high pressure common rail fuel injection " solution of the applicant It has determined and has fluctuated the lubrication and sealing problem of small Electrocontrolled high-pressure common rail Performance of Fuel Injection Nozzle for fuel pressure, but still cannot solve Fuel pressure fluctuates the lubrication and sealing problem of the pintle nozzle match-ing parts of big positive injector when certainly using low-viscosity fuel.
A kind of patent of invention (ZL201110217104.4) " low-viscosity fuel injector of diesel engine " of the applicant solves The lubrication and sealing problem of Performance of Fuel Injection Nozzle when using low-viscosity fuel, but need to increase extreme pressure lubricant supply system It unites and lubricates and seal pintle nozzle match-ing parts for extreme pressure lubricant to fuel injector, because it uses the microgap reducing pressure by regulating flow knot of pressure accumulation chamber Structure and low voltage difference hydrodynamic lubrication structure, using the lubrication of the annular low pressure difference oil groove r5 of complicated valve for pressure difference 6 control needle-valve The fuel oil that oil pressure P4 is higher than annular relief valve oil groove X1 presses P2, i.e. P4 > P2 to realize the sealing and lubrication of pintle nozzle match-ing parts, there is knot The problem that the pintle nozzle match-ing parts length that structure is complicated, elongated oil duct is more, accurate is big, manufacturing process is complicated, at high cost.
Summary of the invention
Oil spout when cleaning alternative fuel the purpose of the utility model is to overcome low viscosities such as above-mentioned DME Used in Diesel Engines The problem of device injector valve matching part abrasion, fuel leakage failure, provides a kind of structure than the applicant's original patent of invention (ZL201110217104.4) " a kind of low-viscosity fuel injector of diesel engine " it is simpler not against fuel oil, do not need to increase yet A kind of diesel engine that extreme pressure lubricant feed system supplies extreme pressure lubricant to fuel injector, structure is simple, manufacturing cost is low is a variety of Fuel oil sprayer structure.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure, including oil injector body 1, needle-valve 2, needle-valve body 3, needle-valve pilot hole The annular lubricant oil groove r5, needle-valve body fastening nut 4, the needle-valve bullet that are slidably matched in gap of K1, needle-valve pilot hole K1 and needle-valve 2 Spring 5, oil cylinder 6, pressure balancing piston 7, check valve 8;The oil cylinder 6 is separated by pressure balancing piston 7 in oil cylinder 6: The fuel oil cylinder of the other end of lubrication oil cylinder K3 and pressure balancing piston 7 between one end and check valve 8 of pressure balancing piston 7 K4;Lubrication oil cylinder K3 is connected to through upper oil leab r3, oil leab r4 with annular lubricant oil groove r5;Fuel oil cylinder K4 is through fuel oil road R2, it is connected to oil duct R3.
A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure, including oil injector body 1, needle-valve 2, needle-valve body 3, needle-valve body fasten spiral shell Mother 4, needle valve spring 5, oil cylinder 6, pressure balancing piston 7 and check valve 8, needle-valve 2 are mounted in the needle-valve guiding being arranged in needle-valve body 3 In the K1 of hole, needle-valve 2 and needle-valve pilot hole K1 is slidably matched in accurate;Needle-valve body 3 is fastened on oil spout by needle-valve body fastening nut 4 On body 1;Needle valve spring 5 mounted in be arranged in the spring cavity K2 of 1 lower part of oil injector body, the upper end of needle valve spring 5 and spring cavity The upper end of K2 is connected, lower end is pressed on the upper top surface of needle-valve 2, its elastic force presses the needle-valve lower end circular conical surface M2 of 2 lower end of needle-valve Tightly on the nozzle opening R6 that 3 lower end of needle-valve body is set;Pressure balancing piston 7 is mounted in the oil cylinder 6 that 1 top of oil injector body is arranged in It is interior to be slidably matched with oil cylinder 6 in accurate;Check valve 8 is fixed on the upper end of oil cylinder 6;Oil leab r4 is arranged in needle-valve body 3, Being slidably matched in gap of needle-valve pilot hole K1 and needle-valve 2 is arranged in annular lubricant oil groove r5;Pressure balancing piston 7 is mounted in oil cylinder In 6, oil cylinder 6 is separated into: the lubrication oil cylinder K3 and pressure balance between one end and check valve 8 of pressure balancing piston 7 are living The fuel oil cylinder K4 of the other end of plug 7;Oil cylinder K3 is lubricated through upper oil leab r3, the oil leab r4 and annular in oil injector body 1 Oil-way r5 connection;Fuel oil cylinder K4 is connected to through the fuel oil road R2 in oil injector body 1 with the oil duct R3 in needle-valve body 3;Check valve 8 It is connected to lubrication oil cylinder K3 and upper oil leab r3;It is connected into fuel oil road R1 with fuel oil cylinder K4 and fuel oil road R2.
Diesel engine operate when high pressure fuel pump conveying high pressure fuel pressure P from into fuel oil road R1 through fuel oil cylinder K4, pressure Dummy piston 7, oil leab r4, is transmitted to annular lubricant oil groove r5 at upper oil leab r3, makes the profit in annular lubricant oil groove r5 Lubricating oil pressure is equal to fuel pressure P;At the same time high pressure fuel pump conveying fuel pressure P pass through into fuel oil road R1, fuel oil road R2, Oil duct R3, annular pressure chamber R4 is passed to;A small amount of lubricating oil in annular lubricant oil groove r5 is released from force feed gap J3;Fuel oil The lubricating oil in 7 uplink extrusion oil cylinder 6 of fuel pressure forces pressure balancing piston in cylinder K4 is through upper oil leab r3, lubricating oil Road r4 supplements the lubricating oil leaked from annular lubricant oil groove r5, keeps the equipressure upper end seal clearance J2 annular oil-way r5 In lubricating oil pressure P it is equal with the fuel pressure P in the annular pressure chamber R4 of lower end, prevent fuel oil to enter etc. between means of press seals Gap J2 realizes sealing during high pressure fuel injector to high pressure fuel;Lubricating oil film in the J3 of force feed gap makes needle Valve 2 floats in needle-valve pilot hole K1, avoids needle-valve 2 and directly contacts with the face that is slidably matched of needle-valve pilot hole K1, avoids It wears, improve functional reliability and service life.
Beneficial effect
1, the original invention of the applicant (ZL201110217104.4) is omitted in the diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure Annular gas pressure relief slot X1, pressure release oil duct X2, pressure accumulation oil duct X3, the threeway pressure accumulation oil duct of " a kind of low-viscosity fuel injector of diesel engine " X3T element, simplifies structure, overcomes and needs to increase extreme pressure lubricant feed system and lubricate to fuel injector for extreme pressure lubricant There are the microgap reducing pressure by regulating flow structure and low voltage difference hydrodynamic lubrication structure of pressure accumulation chamber with sealing pintle nozzle match-ing parts, and use, using knot The valve for pressure difference 6 of structure complexity controls the lubrication pressure P of the annular low pressure difference oil groove r5 of needle-valve, there is the oil duct that structure is complicated, elongated The problem that more, accurate pintle nozzle match-ing parts length is big, manufacturing process is complicated, at high cost.The utility model still maintain needle-valve 2 with The be slidably matched sealing of microgap of needle-valve pilot hole K1 prevents the leakage of high pressure low-viscosity fuel with lubrication, effectively, avoids Needle-valve 2 and needle-valve pilot hole K1's directly contacts, overcomes the problem of needle-valve 2 and needle-valve pilot hole K1 wear-out failure, it is ensured that The functional reliability and durability of pintle nozzle match-ing parts when injection low viscosity clean fuel;
2, structure is simple, reduces that volume, finishing step are few, processing charges is low, saved raw material, reduce production Cost is conducive to mass production and popularization and application;
3, the diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure is applied to diesel engine, can push diesel engine dimethyl-ether, methanol etc. The energy resource structure of low viscosity clean fuel makes the transition.
Detailed description of the invention:
A kind of schematic diagram of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure of Fig. 1;
A kind of structural schematic diagram of the A-A section of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure of Fig. 2.
A kind of schematic diagram of the oil spout state of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure of Fig. 3;
A kind of schematic diagram of the oil inlet state of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure of Fig. 4.
Appended drawing reference:
1, oil injector body;2, needle-valve;3, needle-valve body;4, needle-valve body fastening nut;5, needle valve spring;6, oil cylinder;7, pressure Dummy piston;8, check valve;9, positioning pin;10, gag lever post;R1, into fuel oil road;R2, fuel oil road;R3, oil duct;R4, annular pressure Power room;R5, annular fuel oil road;R6, nozzle opening;Circular conical surface under M1, needle-valve;M2, needle-valve lower end circular conical surface;K1, needle-valve pilot hole; K2, spring cavity;K3, lubrication oil cylinder;K4, fuel oil cylinder;R1, lubricating oil pipe interface;R3, upper oil leab;R4, oil leab;r5, Annular lubricant oil groove;J2, isobaric seal clearance;J3, force feed gap;H1, oil return interface tube;H2, back oil road.
Specific embodiment:
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure, including oil injector body 1, needle-valve 2, needle-valve body 3, the annular lubricant oil groove r5 of needle-valve pilot hole K1, needle-valve pilot hole K1 and needle-valve 2 being slidably matched in gap, needle-valve body fasten Nut 4, needle valve spring 5, oil cylinder 6, pressure balancing piston 7 and check valve 8, needle-valve 2 are mounted in the needle-valve being arranged in needle-valve body 3 and lead Into hole K1, needle-valve 2 and needle-valve pilot hole K1 be slidably matched in accurate, fit clearance is in 0.0015mm~0.0025mm model The annular lubricant oil groove r5 being arranged in enclosing, in the fit clearance separates fit clearance are as follows: up from annular lubricant oil groove r5 Force feed gap J3 to spring cavity K2, the isobaric seal clearance J2 from annular lubricant oil groove r5 down;Needle-valve body fastens spiral shell Needle-valve body is fastened on oil injector body 1 by mother 4;Needle valve spring 5 mounted in be arranged in the spring cavity K2 of 1 lower part of oil injector body, needle The upper end of valve spring 5 is connected with the upper end of spring cavity K2, lower end is pressed on the upper top surface of needle-valve 2, its elastic force is by 2 lower end of needle-valve Needle-valve lower end circular conical surface M2 be pressed on the nozzle opening R6 that 3 lower end of needle-valve body is set, close spray orifice R6;Pressure balance is living Mounted in being arranged in the oil cylinder 6 on 1 top of oil injector body, being slidably matched with oil cylinder 6 in accurate, fit clearance exists plug 7 0.0015mm~0.0025mm range;Check valve 8 is fixed on the upper end of oil cylinder 6;Pressure balancing piston 7, will be oily in oil cylinder 6 Cylinder 6 is separated into: between one end and check valve 8 of pressure balancing piston 7 lubrication oil cylinder K3 and pressure balancing piston 7 it is another The fuel oil cylinder K4 at end;Oil cylinder K3 is lubricated through upper oil leab r3, the oil leab r4 and, annular lubricant oil groove in oil injector body 1 R5 connection;Fuel oil cylinder K4 is connected to through the fuel oil road R2 in oil injector body 1 with the oil duct R3 in needle-valve body 3;Check valve 8 and lubricating oil Cylinder K3 and upper oil leab r3 connection;It is connected into fuel oil road R1 with fuel oil cylinder K4 and fuel oil road R2;Oil in needle-valve body 3 is set Road R3 is connected to through annular pressure chamber R4 with annular fuel oil road R5.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, in the production and assembly diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure, in needle-valve 2 and needle-valve It the isobaric seal clearance J2, the force feed gap J3 that are slidably matched of the guiding duct K1 of body 3 and is filled in annular lubricant oil groove r5 Full lubricating oil, and lubricating oil is filled in oil leab r4, upper oil leab r3, lubrication oil cylinder K3 and lubricating oil pipe interface r1; Fuel oil is filled in annular fuel oil road R5, annular pressure chamber R4, oil duct R3, fuel oil road R2 and fuel oil cylinder K4.
As shown in figure 3, the high pressure fuel pressure P of diesel engine high-pressure fuel pump conveying is from into combustion when diesel engine starting operates Oil duct R1 through fuel oil cylinder K4, pressure balancing piston 7, upper oil leab r3, oil leab r4, be transmitted to annular lubricant oil groove r5, The lubricating oil pressure in annular lubricant oil groove r5 is set to be equal to fuel pressure P;The fuel pressure P of high pressure fuel pump conveying at the same time Through into fuel oil road R1, fuel oil road R2, oil duct R3, pass in annular pressure chamber R4 and annular fuel oil road R5, annular pressure chamber R4 Circular conical surface M1 is upwarded pressure by pressure P under needle-valve overcomes the power of the bullet of needle valve spring 5, makes 2 uplink of needle-valve, needle-valve lower end circular cone Face M2 leaves the upper end nozzle opening R6, and the high pressure fuel that pressure is P sprays into burning chamber of diesel engine from nozzle opening 6, and needle-valve 2 goes upward to needle The upper top surface of valve 2 and the lower end face contact of needle-valve body 1 stop uplink;A small amount of lubricating oil in annular lubricant oil groove r5 moistens from pressure Sliding gap J3 releases, and flows back to grease-box through spring cavity K2, back oil road H2, oil return interface tube H1, the fuel oil pressure in fuel oil cylinder K4 The lubricating oil in 7 uplink extrusion oil cylinder 6 of dynamic pressure lower pressure balance piston is pushed through upper oil leab r3, oil leab r4, is supplemented from ring The lubricating oil leaked in shape oil-way r5 keeps the lubricating oil pressure in the equipressure upper end seal clearance J2 annular oil-way r5 P is equal with the fuel pressure P in the annular pressure chamber R4 of lower end, prevents fuel oil to enter isobaric seal clearance J2, realizes To the sealing of high pressure fuel during high pressure fuel injector;Lubricating oil film in the J3 of force feed gap is oriented to needle-valve 2 in needle-valve It floats in the K1 of hole, avoids needle-valve 2 and directly contacted with the face that is slidably matched of needle-valve pilot hole K1, avoid abrasion, improve work Make reliability and service life;When diesel engine high-pressure fuel pump stops pump oil into fuel oil road R1, fuel oil road R2, annular pressure chamber Fuel pressure in R4 and annular fuel oil road R5 sharply declines, and the elastic force of needle valve spring 5 pushes needle-valve 2 to come downwards to needle-valve lower end circle Conical surface M2 is pressed on closing nozzle opening 6 on nozzle opening R6, and injection process terminates.
As shown in figure 4, when diesel engine (no delivery valve) high-pressure injection pump oil suction, into fuel oil road R1, fuel oil cylinder K4, annular R4 intermediate fuel oil pressure P2 in pressure chamber is less than atmospheric pressure (1bar), 0 < P2 < 1bar;Lubrication is transported to from diesel lubrication oil duct Lubricating oil pressure in tubing interface r1 is that the lubricating oil of Pr (Pr=3~5bar) enters lubrication oil cylinder K3 through check valve 8, is pushed Pressure balancing piston 7, which comes downwards to the lower end of pressure balancing piston 7 and contacts with the upper top surface of gag lever post 10, stops downlink, lubricates oil cylinder Lubricating oil is full of in K3, the lubricating oil pressure in lubrication oil cylinder K3 and annular lubricant oil groove r5 is closed up to Pr, check valve 8;Examination Verifying is real: micro- of annular when the pressure difference at the annular microgap both ends that length is 15 millimeters, gap is 0.0025 millimeter is less than 20bar Lubricating oil in gap is without flow phenomenon, and pressure cannot be from equal densification for Pr (Pr=3~5bar) in donut-type oil grain r5 at this time Seal gap J2, force feed gap J3 leakage.
When diesel engine high-pressure fuel pump oil-absorbing process terminates, restarts pump oil, pluralities of fuel fuel injector repeats again State injection process.
It is clear in low viscosities such as injection dimethyl ether, methanol that the diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure overcomes existing fuel injector When clean fuel the problem of fuel leakage, pintle nozzle match-ing parts wear-out failure, it ensure that the accurate sliding of needle-valve 2 and needle-valve pilot hole K1 is matched Close gap sealing and lubrication, effectively prevent low-viscosity fuel leakage, ensure injection low viscosity clean fuel hour hands The functional reliability and durability of valve coupling;Structure is simple, small in size, finishing step is few, processing charges is low, has saved former material Expect, reduce production cost, is conducive to mass production and popularization and application;The low viscosities such as diesel engine dimethyl-ether, methanol can be pushed The energy resource structure of clean fuel makes the transition.
Finally, it should be noted that the above various embodiments is merely to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than it is limited System;Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should Understand: it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of Technical characteristic is equivalently replaced;And these are modified or replaceed, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution, and this is practical new The range of each embodiment technical solution of type.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure, including oil injector body (1), needle-valve (2), needle-valve body (3), needle-valve guiding Hole (K1), setting needle-valve pilot hole (K1) and needle-valve (2) the annular lubricant oil groove (r5), the needle-valve body that are slidably matched in gap Fastening nut (4), needle valve spring (5), oil cylinder (6), pressure balancing piston (7), check valve (8), it is characterised in that: the pressure The oil cylinder (6) is separated into: one end of pressure balancing piston (7) and check valve by dummy piston (7) in oil cylinder (6) (8) the fuel oil cylinder (K4) of the other end of lubrication oil cylinder (K3) and pressure balancing piston (7) between;Oil cylinder (K3) is lubricated through upper profit Grease way (r3), oil leab (r4) are connected to annular lubricant oil groove (r5);Fuel oil cylinder (K4) is through fuel oil road (R2) and oil duct (R3) it is connected to;The check valve (8) is connected to lubrication oil cylinder (K3) and upper oil leab (r3);Into fuel oil road (R1) and fuel oil cylinder (K4) and fuel oil road (R2) is connected to.
CN201820676815.5U 2018-05-07 2018-05-07 A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure Active CN208441951U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108425777A (en) * 2018-05-07 2018-08-21 郑国璋 A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108425777A (en) * 2018-05-07 2018-08-21 郑国璋 A kind of diesel engine pluralities of fuel fuel injector structure

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