CN208435760U - Stock bone anchoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of strand of bone anchoring devices comprising the axis of intramedullary nail and hip screw, cross through hole is intersected with longitudinal axis with the first inclination angle；Proximal part includes the first through hole that axis is through to cross through hole along longitudinal direction；Dismountable positioning support is equipped in first through hole, positioning protrusion is extended in the side for positioning the lower end edge of support its ontology, and the endpoint line of positioning protrusion and this opposite body sidewall is intersected with longitudinal axis with the second inclination angle；The outer surface of hip screw offers the locating slot parallel with the axis of hip screw, for positioning fixation of the support to the hip screw against with realization for positioning protrusion；It is equipped with tail in first through hole to follow closely, tail nail is detachably connected in first through hole and is resisted against in positioning support.Stock bone anchoring device provided by the utility model solves the problems, such as that femur fixture structure is unstable in long-term use process, avoids influence of this problem to bone healing.

Description

Stock bone anchoring device

Technical field

The utility model relates to medical instruments, in particular to a kind of strand of bone anchoring device.

Background technique

On medical significance, femoral fracture is a kind of disease for causing human thigh's bone parts or complete rupture due to wound Disease.So-called 100 days injured in the sinews or bones, femoral fracture was even more to be difficult to restore, and fracture makes people very painful, handicapped and convalescence It is longer.Treatment femoral fracture need to follow reset, fixation, functional training this three basic principles, wherein resetting is sent out after fracturing The femur broken ends of fractured bone of raw displacement restores its normal position or again close to normal position, to restore the supporting role of femur again.For Skeleton structure after making rectification and recovery carries out position holding, it will usually use femoral fracture therapeutic device or stock bone anchoring device.

Femoral fracture usually occurs in neck of femur and trochanteric region.In general, trochanter and time trochanter femoral fracture are currently used Intramedullary nail is treated, which has the cross drilling for accommodating bone fastener.Intramedullary nail is assembled in the pulp cavity of femur In, can play the role of part prevents fracture site from reversing, and hip screw passes through cross drilling, the neck by femur of intramedullary nail And enter in femur portion, hip screw usually rotatably enters in femur portion in the process, and after being installed in place, Intramedullary nail cannot be rotated mutually with hip screw.In order to realize this requirement, positioning bolt is arranged in general use in intramedullary nail, The hip screw across cross-drilled hole is positioned, to prevent the relative movement or rotation of intramedullary nail and hip screw, or is set hip screw to The problems such as non-circular shape prevents its rotation, but these measures still cannot fully control the rotation of fracture site, lateral fine motion, It is loosened again due to reversing position portion gradually for a long time in use, easily leads to intramedullary nail and rotate And axial dipole field, delay bone healing process.Although current certain more other intramedullary nails of cross locking marrow nail have better axis To with rotation fixed function, but structure is again complex, and it is inconvenient to there is installation, the too long problem of operating time.

Utility model content

Based on this, it is necessary to which for stock bone anchoring device mentioned above, position is unstable in the long-term use asks Topic, provides a kind of strand of bone anchoring device.

A kind of strand of bone anchoring device comprising intramedullary nail includes proximal part, distal portions along its longitudinal axis and is run through The cross through hole of the proximal part, further includes the hip screw that may pass through the cross through hole, the axis of the cross through hole with The longitudinal axis is intersected with the first inclination angle；The proximal part includes being through to the cross through hole along the longitudinal axis First through hole；Dismountable positioning support is equipped in the first through hole, the side of its ontology of the lower end edge of the positioning support is prolonged Positioning protrusion is stretched out, the endpoint line and the longitudinal axis of the positioning protrusion and this opposite body sidewall are with the second inclination angle Intersection；The outer surface of the hip screw offers the locating slot parallel with the axis of hip screw, for supporting for the positioning protrusion By to realize fixation of the positioning support to the hip screw；It is equipped with tail in the first through hole to follow closely, the tail nail detachably connects It connects in the first through hole and is resisted against in the positioning support.

The upper end of the positioning support is equipped with the limiting card being arranged radially along the intramedullary nail in one of the embodiments, Slot, the positioning, which is held in the palm, is additionally provided with the limit snib to match with the limit card slot, and the limit snib is logical with described first The inner wall in hole is detachably connected.

Further, elastomeric pad is equipped between the limit card slot and the limit snib.

Further, the tail follows closely the stud that one end is equipped with predetermined length, and the other end, which is equipped with, is matched with the heavy of the tool of being spirally connected Hole.

The end of the distal portions is equipped with blade in one of the embodiments, and the distal portions are from distal end to close The diameter at end is gradually reduced with predetermined size, and four arc groovings are uniformly provided on the surface of the distal portions.

Further, the distal portions further include being through to the blade from the cross through hole along the longitudinal axis Second through-hole on top；The first fillet square for mitigating self weight is equipped on the distal portions of the arc grooving adjacent one end Shape through-hole.

Further, the second round rectangle through-hole for mitigating self weight is equipped on the arc grooving, and in institute The second round rectangle through-hole both ends are stated nearby to be additionally provided with for mitigating the circular through hole being self-possessed.

Further, first inclination angle is 105 °~135 °；The axis and the cross through hole of second through-hole At 110 °~140 ° angles.

It is equipped on the hip screw along the perforative third through-hole of its axis in one of the embodiments,；The hip spiral shell Nail one end is blade part, and the ontology of the blade part has the cross section of circular contour, and the blade part includes at least one knife Slot and the blade for being formed in cutter groove two sidewalls top, the cross section of the cutter groove include that the blade to slot bottom is formed with circle The heart is located at the first circular arc in space defined by the cutter groove, and two first circular arcs in the same cutter groove are with circle The heart is located at the second circular sliding slopes of the cross section the center point of the ontology.

Further, the blade part is linear type blade, and the cutter groove is parallel with hip screw axis；The cutter groove has three It is a, it is uniformly distributed along the circular contour.

The hip screw is equipped with perforative third through-hole in one of the embodiments,；Described hip screw one end is blade Portion, the blade part include three spiral blade.

Further, the blade part is equipped with several circular holes, and the blade of blade part is arranged in a part of circular hole On, another part is laterally pierced by from third through-hole.

The hip screw is equipped with perforative third through-hole in one of the embodiments,；The blade part is helicitic texture, The blade part is uniformly distributed the circular hole of several lateral direction penetratings to the third through-hole.

The bottom surface of the locating slot is arc-shaped in one of the embodiments,.

The top end face of the plane parallel with the locating slot and the hip screw is at third in one of the embodiments, Inclination angle.

Further, the third inclination angle is 105 °~135 °.

First inclination angle is equal with second inclination angle in one of the embodiments,.

It is described in one of the embodiments, to be detachably connected as being threadedly coupled.

Stock bone anchoring device provided by the utility model compared with prior art, at least has the advantage that

1, intramedullary nail and hip screw, which pass through the positioning protrusion being mutually matched and locating slot, can carry out position adjustment or fixation, So that femur fixture structure is simple but using flexible and fix stably.

2, it follows closely the positioning support progress position to setting positioning protrusion by tail dismountable in intramedullary nail to fix, so that femur Fixed device is readily disassembled, while also ensuring that positioning support is stable and firm when being fixed.

Because having above-mentioned advantage that will not produce even if stock bone anchoring device provided by the utility model is provided in round Raw rotation, at the same between positioning protrusion and locating slot large area conflicts cooperation so that movement between the two is also very difficult, To solve the problems, such as that femur fixture structure is unstable in long-term use process, avoids this problem to bone healing It influences.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the fixed device-added structure schematic diagram of femur in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is that stock bone anchoring device assembles schematic cross-sectional view in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is tail pin structure schematic diagram in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is that holder structure schematic diagram is positioned in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is positioning support assembly structure diagram in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is intramedullary nail structural schematic diagram in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 7 is hip screw structural schematic diagram in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 8 is hip screw structural schematic diagram in another embodiment of the utility model；

Fig. 9 is hip screw cross-sectional structure schematic diagram in another embodiment of the utility model；

Figure 10 is hip screw the schematic diagram of the section structure in another embodiment of the utility model；

Figure 11 is hip screw structural schematic diagram in another embodiment of the utility model；

Figure 12 is the partial sectional view of intramedullary nail structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is further described with exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing, it is wherein identical in attached drawing Label all refers to identical component.In addition, if the detailed description of known technology is for showing the feature of the utility model Be it is unnecessary, then omit it.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and shown in Figure 12, the stock bone anchoring device of the utility model includes at least intramedullary nail 100 and hip screw 200.For intramedullary nail 100, includes proximal part A, distal portions B along its longitudinal axis and lead to through the transverse direction of proximal part A Hole 110.The axis of cross through hole 110 is intersected with the longitudinal axis of proximal part A with the first inclined angle alpha on intramedullary nail 100, is such as schemed Shown in 12, according to the rule of human body ergonomics, the first inclined angle alpha can be taken as 105 °~135 °, preferably 125 °.Intramedullary nail 100 Proximal part A include axis is through to cross through hole 110 along longitudinal direction first through hole 150, being additionally provided in first through hole 150 can The positioning support 120 of disassembly, and positioning protrusion 121 is extended in the side for positioning the lower end edge of support 120 its ontology, the positioning protrusion 121 and the endpoint line of this opposite body sidewall intersected with longitudinal axis with the second angle of inclination beta, there are many shapes for positioning protrusion 121 Formula, such as two or more breakpoint formulas, the line segment formula for having certain length, positioning protrusion 121 and this opposite body sidewall Endpoint line may be regarded as the top line of positioning protrusion 121, and the second angle of inclination beta can be equal with the first inclined angle alpha, can not also phase Deng, preferably the two is equal, and when the two is equal, positioning is held in the palm other than it can be resisted against in locating slot by positioning protrusion, Other convex portions can also be ask to be in contact with locating slot by the positioning opposite with positioning protrusion and against can further increase Add rest surface, increases stability, and it is also more convenient in manufacture and fit on.As shown in Fig. 2, hip screw 200 may pass through cross To through-hole 110, the locating slot 210 parallel with its own axis is offered on outer surface, for for the convex in positioning support 120 121 are played against to realize fixation of the positioning support 120 to the hip screw 200.Tail nail 130 is also additionally provided in first through hole 150, As shown in Figures 2 and 3, tail nail 130 is detachably connected in first through hole 150 and is resisted against in positioning support 120.In addition it is arranged Tail nail 130 is to make to position support 120 more without being directly detachably connected fixation by positioning support 120 and first through hole 150 It is securely positioned on the corresponding position in first through hole 150.It is threadedly coupled it should be noted that being detachably connected preferential select Mode, be on the one hand threadedly coupled convenient for standardization manufacture, wanting of being bonded can well be met by being on the other hand threadedly coupled It asks, is preferably provided with positioning support 120 screw thread different from 130 use specification of tail nail.

As a preferred scheme, as shown in figure 4, the positioning support 120 in intramedullary nail 100 takes further design, It is equipped with the limit card slot 122 being arranged radially along intramedullary nail 100 in the upper end of positioning support 120, and is also correspondingly provided with and the limit The limit snib 140 that card slot 122 matches, as shown in figure 5, and limiting snib 140 and the inner wall of first through hole 150 is detachable Connection for example, by using threaded connection, therefore is also equipped with the counterbore for being matched with the tool of being spirally connected on the top end face of limit snib 140, Limit snib 140 snaps onto limit card slot 122 from 100 diametrical direction of intramedullary nail, and limit snib 140 and limit can be realized The mating connection of card slot 122 is installed very convenient.Meanwhile to mitigate the weight of positioning support 120, can be arranged in positioning support 120 The through-hole 123 of perforation.It is further preferred that as shown in figure 5, being equipped with elastic cushion between limit card slot 122 and limit snib 140 Piece 141, setting elastomeric pad 141, which enables, positions support 120 elastic micro-motion, one side stock in certain permission size range Bone anchoring device dispatches from the factory after mounting, is using preceding progress position-scheduled, each component loosens in anti-locking apparatus, is also beneficial to Actual operation installation effectiveness is improved, allows elastic micro-motion that can ensure the standard in each major part predetermined position in strand bone anchoring device True property, on the other hand, patient in actual use, can inevitably encounter the situation of severe impact, elastic micro-motion to perform the operation Skeletal system afterwards has certain elasticity, more meets the natural form of skeleton.It is further preferred, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 Shown, tail follows closely the stud 131 that 130 one end are equipped with predetermined length, convenient for tail nail 130 and limits the mating connection between snib 140, When being provided with the through-hole 123 of perforation in positioning support, the through-hole 123 that stud 131 can also pass through the perforation is resisted against hip screw On locating slot 210, and the other end of tail nail 130 also is provided with being matched with the counterbore for the tool of being spirally connected, such as setting flat recess, cross The common counterbores such as slot, interior hex slot or spider fin, convenient for the use of tool.

As a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 6, the end of the distal portions B of intramedullary nail 100 is equipped with blade, this is remote End part B is gradually reduced from distal end to the diameter of proximal end with predetermined size, and four arcs are uniformly provided on the surface of distal portions B Shape grooving, being designed in this way is to make intramedullary nail 100 be easier to enter in bone.It is further preferred that distal portions B is also Second through-hole 160 on blade top is through to from cross through hole 110 including axis along longitudinal direction, as shown in figure 12, in the first inclination When angle is set as 125 °, by the axis of the second through-hole 160 and cross through hole 110 at the angle γ, 110 °~140 ° angles of γ value, preferably For 130 ° of angles, and it is equipped on the distal portions B of arc grooving adjacent one end for mitigating the first round rectangle through-hole being self-possessed 170, located lateral screw 300 can also be penetrated according to actual needs in the first round rectangle through-hole 170 certainly (such as Fig. 1 institute Show), to help the fixed position of longer intramedullary nail 100.More preferred, in order to further simplify the structure of intramedullary nail 100, Under the premise of guaranteeing that intramedullary nail 100 reaches design obdurability, mitigates the weight of intramedullary nail 100 as far as possible, be equipped on arc grooving For mitigating the second round rectangle through-hole 180 of self weight, also it is equipped near 180 both ends of the second round rectangle through-hole for mitigating The circular through hole 190 of self weight.

As a preferred solution, as shown in fig. 7, hip screw 200 is equipped with perforative third through-hole 220, and hip spiral shell Following closely 200 one end is blade part, and the blade part includes three spiral blade 230.

As another preferred scheme, as shown in figure 8, being equipped with equally on hip screw 200 along its axis perforative the Three through-holes 220,200 one end of hip screw is blade part, and the ontology of the blade part has the cross section of circular contour, and including extremely A few cutter groove 240 and the blade 230 for being formed in 240 two sidewalls top of cutter groove, as shown in figure 9, the transversal bread of the cutter groove 240 It includes blade 230 to slot bottom and forms the first circular arc 241 being located in space defined by cutter groove 240 with the center of circle, the same cutter groove 240 Two interior the first circular arcs 241 are located at the connection of the second circular arc 242 namely cutter groove 240 of the cross section the center point of ontology with the center of circle Cross section be made of two the first circular arcs 241 and second circular arc 242, be separately connected two first by the second circular arc 242 Circular arc 241, two corresponding centers of circle of the first circular arc 241 are all in the ipsilateral of a certain straight line, and the corresponding center of circle of the second circular arc 242 exists The other side of the straight line, and the corresponding center of circle of the second circular arc 242 is overlapped with the center of circle of edge structure cross section, the half of two kinds of circular arcs Diameter is different.It is further preferred that blade part is linear type blade, cutter groove 240 is parallel with 200 axis of hip screw, and cutter groove 240 is arranged It three, is uniformly distributed along circular contour.The ideal operation state of hip screw 200 is built-in stationary in object, at least exists Radially being able to maintain for hip screw 200 is static, i.e., will not be because of the rotation for being generated rich axis by external interference easily, and the knife Blade has the structure small and that inner cavity is big that is open, thus after being embedded in object, more object bodies can be full of in cutter groove 240, Bigger resistance can be generated to the rotation of cutter, it is avoided to occur radial shift in position easily.It is further preferred that blade Portion is equipped with several circular holes 250, and a part of circular hole 250 is arranged in the blade 230 of blade part, and another part is then from third It is laterally pierced by through-hole 220.

There are also a kind of preferred schemes, as shown in figure 11, it may be assumed that perforative third through-hole is equally arranged on hip screw 200 220, and blade part is helicitic texture, blade part is uniformly distributed the circular hole 250 of several lateral direction penetratings to third through-hole 220.Screw thread The blade part of structure is not only easy to manufacture, but also has the advantages that convenient in insertion bone.

250 one side of circular hole being arranged in above scheme can reduce the weight of hip screw 200, it is made to keep structure steady It is lighter under the premise of Gu, substance in the bone separated by blade 230 on the other hand can be made to exchange by circular hole, reduction pair The disturbance of substance in bone.The circular hole penetrated through with third through-hole 220 is then alternatively arranged as bone cement hole, is used primarily in the elderly's sclerotin and dredges It in loose situation, is injected bone cement into femur by these circular holes 250, enhances the stability of hip screw 200.

As a preferred scheme, as shown in Figure 10, special designing is carried out to locating slot 210.Due to locating slot 210 It is the groove body opened up on curved surface, certainly exists one and put down by what the length direction and width direction of locating slot 210 determined Face, the plane is parallel with locating slot 210, and as a preferred scheme, the plane and the end face on interconnecting piece top are inclined at third Bevel angle θ, the size of third tiltangleθ take 105 °~135 °, namely when hip screw 200 is in rigging position, top end face 260 can be such to be arranged so that femoral fracture therapeutic device more matches with 100 axis of intramedullary nail close to parallel or parallel The natural bone structure of human body, but also the structure of femoral fracture therapeutic device is more simplified, preferably the third tiltangleθ is 115°.In addition, the bottom surface of locating slot 210 can be set to various shapes, such as it can be set to rectangle, triangle or circular arc Shape, be preferably arranged to it is arc-shaped because arc-shaped bottom surface makes supporting for the body being arranged on intramedullary nail 100 and locating slot 210 It is bigger by contact area, enable the connection structure of the two more stable.It is further preferred that being set on each edge of locating slot 210 Fillet appropriate is set, setting fillet makes locating slot 210 be easier to dock with mating structure such as body.

Although having been illustrated with some exemplary embodiments of the utility model above, those skilled in the art will Understand, in the case where not departing from the principles of the present invention or spirit, these exemplary embodiments can be made a change, this The range of utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (18)

1. a kind of strand of bone anchoring device comprising intramedullary nail includes proximal part, distal portions and through institute along its longitudinal axis The cross through hole for stating proximal part further includes the hip screw that may pass through the cross through hole, which is characterized in that the cross through hole Axis intersected with the longitudinal axis with the first inclination angle；The proximal part include be through to along the longitudinal axis it is described The first through hole of cross through hole；Dismountable positioning support, its ontology of the lower end edge of the positioning support are equipped in the first through hole Side extend positioning protrusion, the endpoint line and the longitudinal axis of the positioning protrusion and this opposite body sidewall are with the The intersection of two inclinations angle；The outer surface of the hip screw offers the locating slot parallel with the axis of hip screw, for for described fixed Position protrusion is against to realize fixation of the positioning support to the hip screw；It is equipped with tail in the first through hole to follow closely, the tail nail It is detachably connected in the first through hole and is resisted against in the positioning support.

2. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the upper end of the positioning support is equipped with along the marrow It is interior to follow closely the limit card slot being arranged radially, it is additionally provided with the limit snib to match with the limit card slot in the positioning support, it is described Limit snib and the inner wall of the first through hole are detachably connected.

3. according to claim 2 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that in the limit card slot and the limit snib Between be equipped with elastomeric pad.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the tail follows closely one end equipped with predetermined length Stud, the other end, which is equipped with, is matched with the counterbore of the tool of being spirally connected.

5. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the end of the distal portions is equipped with blade, The distal portions are gradually reduced from distal end to the diameter of proximal end with predetermined size, are uniformly set on the surface of the distal portions There are four arc groovings.

6. according to claim 5 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the distal portions further include along the longitudinal direction Axis is through to second through-hole on the blade top from the cross through hole；In the distal portion of the arc grooving adjacent one end Divide the first round rectangle through-hole being equipped with for mitigating self weight.

7. according to claim 5 or 6 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that be equipped with and be used on the arc grooving Mitigate the second round rectangle through-hole of self weight, and is additionally provided near the second round rectangle through-hole both ends for mitigating certainly The circular through hole of weight.

8. according to claim 6 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that first inclination angle is 105 °~135 °； The axis and the cross through hole of second through-hole are at 110 °~140 ° angles.

9. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that be equipped on the hip screw and passed through along its axis The third through-hole worn；Described hip screw one end is blade part, and the ontology of the blade part has the cross section of circular contour, described Blade part includes at least one cutter groove and the blade for being formed in cutter groove two sidewalls top, and the cross section of the cutter groove includes institute It states blade to slot bottom and forms the first circular arc being located at the center of circle in space defined by the cutter groove, in the same cutter groove Two first circular arcs are located at the second circular sliding slopes of the cross section the center point of the ontology with the center of circle.

10. according to claim 9 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the blade part is linear type blade, described Cutter groove is parallel with hip screw axis；There are three the cutter grooves, is uniformly distributed along the circular contour.

11. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the hip screw is logical equipped with perforative third Hole；Described hip screw one end is blade part, and the blade part includes three spiral blade.

12. according to any stock bone anchoring device of claim 9~11, which is characterized in that if the blade part is equipped with Dry circular hole, a part of circular hole are arranged in the blade of blade part, and another part is laterally pierced by from third through-hole.

13. according to claim 12 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the hip screw is logical equipped with perforative third Hole；The blade part is helicitic texture, and the blade part is uniformly distributed the circular hole of several lateral direction penetratings to the third through-hole.

14. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the bottom surface of the locating slot is arc-shaped.

15. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that parallel plane and institute with the locating slot The top end face of hip screw is stated into third inclination angle.

16. according to claim 15 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that the third inclination angle be 105 °~ 135°。

17. according to claim 1 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that incline with described second at first inclination angle Oblique angle is equal.

18. according to claim 1 or 2 strand of bone anchoring device, which is characterized in that described to be detachably connected as screw thread company It connects.