CN208386446U - A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator - Google Patents
A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator Download PDFInfo
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- CN208386446U CN208386446U CN201821170077.3U CN201821170077U CN208386446U CN 208386446 U CN208386446 U CN 208386446U CN 201821170077 U CN201821170077 U CN 201821170077U CN 208386446 U CN208386446 U CN 208386446U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activators, the A phase of three-phase alternating-current supply passes through doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter circuit and is connected with the U of three-phase AC asynchronous motor, the B phase of three-phase alternating-current supply passes through doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter circuit and is connected with the V of three-phase AC asynchronous motor, and the C phase of three-phase alternating-current supply is connected with the W of three-phase AC asynchronous motor.When being adjusted the speed below power frequency, the continuous frequency conversion of soft start is realized using ambipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation algorithm, motor successfully starts up and changes modulation system when reaching common frequency power network frequency, bypass-switching contr is realized with space vector control algorithm, to realize the function that soft activator can be exited voluntarily after the completion of electric motor starting, to solve the problems, such as that application of frequency converter cannot be bypassed in soft activator.The topographical form of the utility model reduces the volume and weight of frequency converter, and device used by two bridge arms is less, and circuit design is simple, reduces costs.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to AC induction motor starter field, in particular to a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter is soft
Starter.
Background technique
AC induction motor has various features, so it is widely used in production and living, but opens when across-the-line starting
Streaming current is up to 5-8 times of rated current, and even higher, starting current big so has not motor itself, power grid, load
Benefit influences, in order to overcome starting current big drawback we generally use reduced-voltage starting mode and start.
Traditional soft starting mode haves the shortcomings that obvious, i.e., will appear secondary pulse electric current in start-up course, to load
It has an impact, simultaneously because being influenced by power network fluctuation, floats downwards once there is network voltage, motor rotation blockage can be caused, opened
The problems such as dynamic process contact device band carries switching, starting flatness is bad, and Soft Starting Performance is not high.
Currently, widely used thyristor inverse parallel decompression soft start can only change the virtual value of voltage and cannot change
The frequency of time variant voltage.There are two important disadvantages for this method: first is that detent torque is small；Second is that turning for stator field cannot be changed
Speed, starting slip is excessive, causes reversion when electric motor starting, shakes severity.
Utility model content
To solve the problems, such as appeal, the utility model provides a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator.The soft start
Device comprehensively considers the principle and defect of soft activator, does soft activator with frequency converter, can not only overcome and be unable to asking for frequency modulation
Topic solves the problems, such as thyristor inverse parallel reduced-voltage starting, and uses the ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator of doube bridge arm, in circuit
Device for power switching is reduced, and equally may be implemented to the efficient soft start of motor, and high reliablity, at low cost.
The utility model takes technology contents below:
A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator, including doube bridge arm rectifier bridge, capacitor C, doube bridge arm inverter bridge and micro-
Processor；The leading-out terminal of doube bridge arm rectifier bridge is connected with the end of incoming cables of doube bridge arm inverter bridge by DC bus, the electricity
Hold C to be connected in parallel on DC bus；The A phase of three-phase alternating-current supply passes through doube bridge arm rectifier bridge and doube bridge arm inverter bridge and three-phase alternating current
The U of asynchronous motor is connected, and the B phase of three-phase alternating-current supply passes through doube bridge arm rectifier bridge and doube bridge arm inverter bridge and three-phase alternating current
The V of asynchronous motor is connected, and the C phase of three-phase alternating-current supply is connected with the W of three-phase AC asynchronous motor；
All series contactor switchs between the leading-out terminal and power grid and motor of the doube bridge arm inverter bridge；
On the output end of the power grid, DC bus and the output end of doube bridge arm inverter bridge is provided with for detecting
The detection module of corresponding voltage and electric current；
The microprocessor is connect with detection module, realizes that the frequency conversion of soft activator is opened for controlling doube bridge arm inverter bridge
It is dynamic.
The doube bridge arm rectifier bridge is the doube bridge arm being made of 4 diodes, wherein diode VD1 and diode VD2
One group of upper and lower bridge arm is constituted, diode VD3 and diode VD4 constitute another group of upper and lower bridge arm.
The doube bridge arm inverter bridge is made of the power switch tube of 4 freewheeling diodes in parallel, power switch tube V1
One group of upper and lower bridge arm is constituted with power switch tube V2, power switch tube V3 and power switch tube V4 constitute another group of upper and lower bridge arm.
The power switch tube is IGBT pipe.
Contactless contactor K1 is respectively provided between power grid A, B two-phase and U, V two-phase of motor, doube bridge arm inverter bridge goes out
Contactless contactor K2 is respectively provided between line end and U, V two-phase of motor.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
The main circuit of the soft activator of the utility model is made of doube bridge arm rectifier bridge and doube bridge arm inversion bridge portion, is used
Two bridge arms of common three-phase bridge rectification circuit are as rectifying part, using common three-phase voltage type bridge inverter main circuit
Two bridge arms use big electrolytic capacitor as Converting Unit, middle section.Pass through voltage and current and corresponding detection circuit pair
Network voltage is detected, and be will test signal and is delivered to microprocessor, by the control algolithm of microprocessor to which output phase is answered
PWM wave realize soft activator variable frequency starting, control inversion when the output frequency of soft activator reaches common frequency power network frequency
Circuit make the U phase of motor, V phase voltage have with network voltage identical frequency, amplitude and phase so that frequency converter bypass when can
Therefore it avoids generating rush of current to power grid and motor and avoids the impact for generating electromagnetic torque to motor.So that frequency converter exists
It is easy to exit after the completion of electric motor starting, solves the problems, such as that application of frequency converter cannot be bypassed in soft activator, compensated for grade change
The shortcomings that frequency soft activator is unable to continuous frequency conversion.It is designed with contactless contactor and motor is directly connected to power grid, frequency conversion soft start
Device is bypassed, thus realize that it is not idle, the function of a tractor serves several purposes.The topographical form of the utility model reduces frequency conversion
The volume and weight of device, and device used by two bridge arms is less, and circuit design is simple, reduces costs.
Using a kind of control method of above-mentioned doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator, the A phase of power grid, B phase are exchanged
The electric rectification direct current constant at voltage, then with inverter by DC voltage conversion at frequency and the adjustable alternating current of voltage,
And frequency conversion and bypass are realized in such a way that pulsewidth modulation is combined with PWM Algorithm, not only improves common pressure regulation
The shortcomings that soft start and current limliting soft start are unable to frequency conversion, and continuous frequency conversion can be realized by inverter circuit part, frequency conversion is soft
Starter can be exited voluntarily after the completion of motor successfully starts up.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of electric operation control circuit figure of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator；
Fig. 2 is the output voltage waveform of doube bridge arm frequency changer circuit doube bridge arm rectifier bridge；
Fig. 3 is the DC bus-bar voltage waveform diagram being added after capacitor；
Fig. 4 is the output voltage waveform of doube bridge arm frequency changer circuit doube bridge arm inverter bridge；
Fig. 5 is the output current wave figure of doube bridge arm frequency changer circuit doube bridge arm inverter bridge.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing
It is not limited to as described below.
Referring to shown in attached drawing 1, a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator of the utility model, including the rectification of doube bridge arm
Bridge, capacitor C, doube bridge arm inverter bridge and microprocessor；The leading-out terminal of doube bridge arm rectifier bridge and the end of incoming cables of doube bridge arm inverter bridge are logical
It crosses DC bus to be connected, the capacitor C is connected in parallel on DC bus；The A phase of three-phase alternating-current supply passes through the rectification of doube bridge arm
Bridge and doube bridge arm inverter bridge are connected with the U of three-phase AC asynchronous motor, and the B phase of three-phase alternating-current supply passes through the rectification of doube bridge arm
Bridge and doube bridge arm inverter bridge are connected with the V of three-phase AC asynchronous motor, the C phase of three-phase alternating-current supply with it is phase asynchronous
The W of motor is connected；All series contactor switchs between the leading-out terminal and power grid and motor of doube bridge arm inverter bridge；Power grid
On output end, DC bus and the output end of doube bridge arm inverter bridge is provided with detection module, for detecting corresponding position
Voltage and electric current；Microprocessor is connect with detection module, and the variable frequency starting of soft activator is realized for controlling doube bridge arm inverter bridge.
Power grid two-phase voltageBy rectification circuit, obtain
Voltage waveform it is as shown in Fig. 2, voltage isBecause capacitor as energy-storage travelling wave tube, have every
Straight-through to hand over, resistance low frequency leads to the effect of high frequency, smoothing effect is played to voltage, so being followed by filtered electrical in single phase bridge type rectifier circu
Hold, to reduce the degree of pulsatility of rectified voltage, to meet the needs of voltage regulator circuit, so by having the uncontrollable of filter capacitor
The waveform that rectification circuit obtains is as shown in Fig. 3, the average value 2.34U of voltage2~2.45U2Between change, wherein U2Be averaged
Value is 220V.Again with inverter by DC voltage conversion at frequency and the adjustable alternating current of voltage.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, the input terminal A phase of doube bridge arm rectifier bridge, B phase voltage UAAnd UB, work as UAVoltage > UB
When voltage, diode VD1 and diode VD4 conducting；Work as UAVoltage < UBWhen voltage, diode VD3 and diode VD2 conducting；?
The DC voltage arrived passes through the bulky capacitor in parallel with DC bus, obtains compared with steady dc voltage.Here it is rectified in doube bridge arm
Bulky capacitor among circuit and doube bridge arm inverter circuit has good filter action, when voltage alternating, due to filling for capacitor
The voltage of discharge process, both ends cannot be mutated, and ensure that the steady of voltage.It as shown in Fig. 3, is not increase capacitor, it is double
The output voltage pulsation of bridge arm rectifier bridge is big, by doube bridge arm rectifying part and bulky capacitor part, obtained DC voltage U, such as
Shown in attached drawing 4, mains ripple is small, using the voltage U on DC bus as the input voltage of doube bridge arm inverter circuit.
Further, doube bridge arm inverter bridge is made of two single-phase inverter circuits, double using IGBT as switching device
The fundamental mode of bridge arm inverter circuit still uses 180 ° of electrically conducting manners, and the conductive angle of each bridge arm is 180 °, same phase
Upper and lower two arm alternating conductives, it is each mutually to start 120 ° conductive of angle difference.Lower surface analysis doube bridge arm voltage source type inverter
The course of work, as shown in figure 4, obtaining the output voltage U of U, V two-phaseN、VN:
For U phase, when IGBT pipe V1 conducting, UNVoltage be 1/2U, when IGBT pipe V2 conducting when, UNVoltage
For -1/2U.
For V phase, the V when IGBT pipe V3 conductingNVoltage be 1/2U, when IGBT pipe V4 conducting when, VNVoltage
For -1/2U.
Network voltage is detected by the detection circuit of voltage and current, will test signal be transmitted to microprocessor to
Export the variable frequency starting that corresponding PWM wave realizes soft activator.
A kind of control method of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator of the utility model is as follows:
Take ambipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation, ambipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation principle are as follows: modulated signal UrFor sine
Wave, carrier wave UcIn modulated signal UrHalf period in be positive and negative triangular wave, so, resulting PWM wave is also to have just
Have it is negative, in modulated signal UrA cycle in export PWM wave only have ± UdTwo kinds of level, without zero level.Change modulation
The frequency of signal changes correspondingly the voltage waveform frequency of output, to control voltage swing.
For the doube bridge arm inverter bridge in doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator, the PWM control of U, V two-phase shares one
Triangular carrier Uc, the sinusoidal modulation signal U of U, V two-phaseru、Urv120 ° are successively differed, U, V two-phase IGBT pipe control law phase
Together, in modulated signal UrWith carrier wave UcPoint of intersection control IGBT pipe V1, V2, V3, V4 on-off.
For U phase, work as Uru>UcWhen, to IGBT pipe V1 with Continuity signal, to IGBT pipe V2 with cut-off signals, U at this moment can be obtained
The voltage of phase.The formula complementation always of the driving signal of IGBT pipe V1 and IGBT pipe V2, it, can when adding Continuity signal to IGBT pipe V1
It can be V1 conducting, it is also possible to diode VD5 afterflow conducting in parallel；When adding Continuity signal to IGBT pipe V2, it may be possible to V2
Conducting, it is also possible to diode VD6 afterflow conducting in parallel.
For V phase, work as Urv>UcWhen, to IGBT pipe V3 with Continuity signal, to IGBT pipe V4 with cut-off signals, V at this moment can be obtained
The voltage of phase.The formula complementation always of the driving signal of IGBT pipe V3 and IGBT pipe V4, it, can when adding Continuity signal to IGBT pipe V3
It can be V3 conducting, it is also possible to diode VD7 afterflow conducting in parallel；When adding Continuity signal to IGBT pipe V4, it may be possible to V4
Conducting, it is also possible to diode VD8 afterflow conducting in parallel.
Further, although same phase up and down two bridge arms PWM drive signal be it is complementary, in practice in order to prevent
Upper and lower two IGBT pipe is straight-through and causes short circuit, and a bit of two IGBT up and down are stayed in the switching of upper and lower two IGBT pipe on-off
The dead time of pipe cut-off signals.
The variable frequency starting that soft activator is realized using pulse width modulation algorithm changes output by changing the frequency of modulating wave
The frequency of PWM waveform controls the output frequency of frequency converter, makes motor stator field frequency and rotor speed Synchronous lifting, phase
Revolutional slip is reduced to traditional voltage regulating soft starter, starting current is reduced, finally transits to power frequency.The process of variable frequency starting can root
According to specifically needing to use the control methods such as constant voltage and frequency ratio, vector controlled and Direct Torque, so that frequency amplitude consecutive variations, revolving speed
It is smooth to be promoted, meet the requirement of motor stepless speed control.
Inverter circuit is controlled when soft activator output frequency reaches common frequency power network frequency has the three-phase voltage of motor
Frequency identical with network voltage, amplitude and phase allow and therefore avoid producing power grid and motor in frequency converter bypass
It gives birth to rush of current and avoids the impact for generating electromagnetic torque to motor.
The control process of variable frequency soft starter bypass changeover, as shown in Fig. 5, the 4 of inverter circuit in Fig. 1 main circuit structure
The sequence of a IGBT pipe conducting is successively are as follows:
V1V4-V1 diode VD7- diode VD6 diode VD7-V3V2-V2 diode VD8- diode VD8 diode
VD5-V1V4.It is located at t1V1 and V4 conducting, output voltage u are positive before moment, t1Moment V3 and V4 grid signal is reversed, and V4 is cut
Extremely, and because of the inductive load of motor, electric current cannot be mutated, and V3 cannot be connected immediately, and afterflow is connected in diode VD7.Because V1 and
Diode VD7 is simultaneously turned on, so output voltage is 0.To t2Moment V1 and V2 grid signal is reversed, and V1 is by and V2 cannot
It is connected immediately, afterflow is connected in diode VD6 and diode VD7 constitutes current channel, and output voltage is negative.To motor load electricity
When flowing through zero and starting reversed, diode VD6 and diode VD7 are by V2 and V3 are begun to turn on, and output voltage u is still negative.t3
Moment V3 and V4 grid signal is reversed again, and V3 is by and V4 cannot be connected immediately, and afterflow, output voltage is connected in diode VD8
U is 0 again.To t4Moment V1 and V2 grid signal is reversed, V2 by, V1 cannot be connected immediately, diode VD5 be connected afterflow,
Current channel is constituted with diode VD8, output voltage is positive.When to motor load current over-zero and starting reversed, diode VD5
With diode VD8 by V1 and V4 are begun to turn on.Later process front noodles are seemingly.
Further, when flowing through the electric current of U phase, V phase from just becoming negative, motor phase U current and V phase current are in zero passage
Near point, i.e., IGBT pipe V4 pipe turns off, and when V3 pipe cannot be connected immediately, by diode VD7 afterflow, the shutdown of V1 pipe, V2 is managed not
When can be connected immediately, by diode VD6 afterflow, until current over-zero and when starting reversed between U phase, V phase, diode VD6,
Diode VD7 by, V2, V3 conducting, therefore diode VD6, diode VD7 by the time of or so, at motor phase U current
In near zero-crossing point, motor V phase current is near zero-crossing point, so being closed K1 and turning off K2, so that motor U phase is direct
It is connected with A phase, motor V phase is directly connected with power grid B phase.
So far, three-phase voltage completes bypass changeover process from variable frequency soft starter, to realize that soft activator is opened in motor
The function that can voluntarily exit after the completion of dynamic is compensated for existing with solving the problems, such as that application of frequency converter cannot be bypassed in soft activator
There is a shortcomings that grade variable frequency soft starter is unable to continuous frequency conversion.
Although being described above in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the utility model, the utility model is not
It is confined to above-mentioned specific embodiment, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematical, directiveness rather than limits
Property.Those skilled in the art under the enlightenment of this specification, are protected in the claim for not departing from the utility model
In the case where the range of shield, a variety of forms can also be made, these belong to the column of the utility model protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator, it is characterised in that: inverse including doube bridge arm rectifier bridge, capacitor C, doube bridge arm
Become bridge and microprocessor；The leading-out terminal of doube bridge arm rectifier bridge is connected with the end of incoming cables of doube bridge arm inverter bridge by DC bus,
The capacitor C is connected in parallel on DC bus；The A phase of three-phase alternating-current supply pass through doube bridge arm rectifier bridge and doube bridge arm inverter bridge with
The U of three-phase AC asynchronous motor is connected, the B phase of three-phase alternating-current supply pass through doube bridge arm rectifier bridge and doube bridge arm inverter bridge with
The V of three-phase AC asynchronous motor is connected, and the C phase of three-phase alternating-current supply is connected with the W of three-phase AC asynchronous motor；
All series contactor switchs between the leading-out terminal and power grid and motor of the doube bridge arm inverter bridge；
On the output end of the power grid, DC bus and the output end of doube bridge arm inverter bridge is provided with for detecting correspondence
The detection module of voltage and electric current；
The microprocessor is connect with detection module, and the variable frequency starting of soft activator is realized for controlling doube bridge arm inverter bridge.
2. a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the doube bridge arm
Rectifier bridge is that the doube bridge arm being made of 4 diodes, wherein diode VD1 and diode VD2 constitute one group of upper and lower bridge arm, two poles
Pipe VD3 and diode VD4 constitutes another group of upper and lower bridge arm.
3. a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the doube bridge arm
Inverter bridge is made of the power switch tube of 4 freewheeling diodes in parallel, and power switch tube V1 and power switch tube V2 constitute one
Group upper and lower bridge arm, power switch tube V3 and power switch tube V4 constitute another group of upper and lower bridge arm.
4. a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the power is opened
Closing pipe is that IGBT is managed.
5. a kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described power grid A, B
Contactless contactor K1, the leading-out terminal of doube bridge arm inverter bridge and U, V two-phase of motor are respectively provided between two-phase and U, V two-phase of motor
Between be respectively provided with contactless contactor K2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821170077.3U CN208386446U (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821170077.3U CN208386446U (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109004865A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-14 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator and control method |
| CN111669041A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Slow start control method for high-power high step-up ratio direct current converter |
-
2018
- 2018-07-23 CN CN201821170077.3U patent/CN208386446U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109004865A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-14 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of doube bridge arm ac-dc-ac inverter soft activator and control method |
| CN109004865B (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2023-09-26 | 陕西科技大学 | Double-bridge arm AC-DC-AC variable frequency soft starter and control method |
| CN111669041A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Slow start control method for high-power high step-up ratio direct current converter |
| CN111669041B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-04-27 | 合肥工业大学 | Slow start control method for high-power high step-up ratio direct current converter |
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