CN208369573U - A kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- CN208369573U CN208369573U CN201821165064.7U CN201821165064U CN208369573U CN 208369573 U CN208369573 U CN 208369573U CN 201821165064 U CN201821165064 U CN 201821165064U CN 208369573 U CN208369573 U CN 208369573U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to millimetre-wave attenuator technical field, is related to a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication.The vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of the utility model, signal bandwidth 1GHz, for rate up to Gbit/s vehicle the realization of high-speed communication system provide effective, reliable support.Using modularization, unitized design, low-power consumption, low cost, adaptability are good, facilitate design of system integration, test and commercialization;The millimeter wave module and microwave module for being installed on roof are by the way of perpendicular interconnection, and compact-sized, connection is reliably;It can be monitored in real time by system when work, support system calibration, fault pre-alarming and fault fast positioning, the signal power of transmitting terminal and the AGC of receiving end can be adjusted dynamically, it is more adaptable under Different climate, environmental condition, have certain engineering value, can be promoted to the solution of other rail transit field high-speed communications such as subway.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to millimetre-wave attenuator technical field, is related to a kind of vehicle-mounted milli of rail vehicle ground wireless communication
Metric wave transceiver.
Background technique
Millimeter wave has been compatible with microwave and light wave between microwave (3~30GHz) and submillimeter wave (being greater than 300GHz)
Some features.In recent years, due to the plurality of advantages that millimeter wave has, communication, radar, guidance, in terms of all
With important application.With the fast development of rail traffic (high-speed rail, subway), reliable, real-time, efficient width is provided for passenger
Band wireless network access services, also proposed new requirement to Information-based Railway.On the one hand, the operation, security monitoring of train and
The information such as plant maintenance need real-time transmission to control centre, meet the needs of road network real-time dynamic information transmission;On the other hand,
People need through various communication apparatus, and the moment keeps the connection with network.Millimetre-wave attenuator has in identical relative bandwidth
Lower absolute bandwidth is big, this means that higher transmission rate and bigger capacity;Higher frequency also implies that higher day
Line gain, smaller size, anti-interference are more preferable.Millimeter wave transceiver is millimeter wave transmitting module and receiving module, local oscillator
The millimeter wave microwave integrated circuit that module and microwave module etc. become one is the basis for constituting millimeter-wave communication system.
Domestic existing rail vehicle ground wireless communication system substantially GSM-R, WLAN and LTE is several;GSM-R is main
Based on second generation global system for mobile communications GSM, mature and reliable, but the system itself is narrowband systems, and data carrying capabilities have
Limit is only able to satisfy the scheduling of railway private radio and demand for control;WLAN technology complete, technology maturation, low cost with industrial chain
The advantages that, but do not support the data of screamer to switch, and work in open frequency range 2.4GHz, vulnerable to such as personal heat
The interference such as point, bluetooth;LTE uses the dedicated frequency range of 1.8GHz, and strong antijamming capability, maintainability performance is good, but does not support 100MHz
The above bandwidth and low-power consumption, coverage distance 100m~1km, networking cost are higher.Existing several mainstream schemes, even if using high
Contrast system or multiple access technology expand the capacity of communication system, improve the availability of frequency spectrum, it is also difficult to meet future communications development
Demand.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is, for high speed data transfer institute under the growing high-speed mobile condition of rail traffic
The new demand of bring " double height " problem, and the millimeter-wave technology different from existing solution is used, it provides a kind of based on rail
Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver in road traffic train-ground communication under millimetre-wave attenuator technical system, as millimeter wave between realization vehicle ground
The basis of high-speed communication rapidly develops the new Times ' Demand of lower Information-based Railway to adapt to rail traffic in recent years.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver provides a kind of millimeter wave transceiving front end for being installed on roof of train, in headstock and the tailstock
The millimeter wave transceiving channel of each 1 set of autonomous working in position.Using modular mentality of designing, circuit in module and module is considered
Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver is divided into millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave module and ifd module three parts by versatility;With ground
Millimeter wave transceiver is completed to get on the bus along track the relay transmission of millimeter-wave signal between ground jointly, and vehicle can be monitored and controlled
Carry the working condition of millimeter wave transceiver.
Millimeter wave transceiving module, including millimeter wave transmitting circuit and millimeter wave receive circuit.Millimeter wave transmitting circuit will be micro-
The millimeter wave frequency band of intermediate-freuqncy signal (bandwidth 1GHz) up-conversion of wave module input extremely work, and be sent into after being amplified to required power
Circulator is launched by the ground-plane antenna on website along car antenna to the ground track.Meanwhile car antenna receives ground
The millimeter-wave signal (bandwidth 1GHz) of antenna transmitting enters millimeter wave after circulator and receives circuit, and millimeter wave receives circuit will
Intermediate-freuqncy signal, output to microwave module are downconverted to after signal amplification.
Microwave module includes four microwave treatment module, local oscillator module, power module, signal processing module functional modules.
Include transmission channel and receiving channel in microwave treatment module, to the intermediate frequency transmitting signal from ifd module and removes ifd module
Received IF signal carry out temperature-compensating, amplification, filtering, the processing such as equilibrium, and microwave is controlled by the switching signal of system
There are no signal input and output between reason module and millimeter wave transceiving module;Local oscillator module provides required for millimeter wave transceiving module
Local oscillation signal;Power module is converted to external input voltage needed for millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave module and local oscillator module
Voltage and respectively its power supply, and have the function of corresponding current detecting and power protection;Signal processing module is to vehicle-mounted milli
The monitoring information of metric wave transceiver is acquired and transmits.
Ifd module is the part intermediate-frequency circuit that can be integrated with digital-to-analog circuits such as base band, modulation /demodulation, including transmission channel
And receiving channel.It takes place frequently in transmission channel pair and penetrates the processing such as balanced signal progress, amplification, filtering;Receiving channel is to intermediate frequency simultaneously
It receives signal to handle into automatic growth control, filtering, amplification etc., intermediate-freuqncy signal required for demodulator is provided.
The millimeter-wave signal interface of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver uses WR-28 standard waveguide, local oscillation signal and intermediate-freuqncy signal
Interface uses coaxial connector, and power supply and control interface use feed-through capacitor.It is metallic shield in each modular structure
Box improves the anti-interference ability and dust tightness of circuit;Convenient for the system integration.Millimeter wave transceiving module and microwave module and annular
Device, antenna are placed in the antenna house of roof;Ifd module and external modem are integrated, the base band being placed in compartment
In cabinet, and intermediate-freuqncy signal is connected by the way of Integrated Service Digital Network
The beneficial effects of the utility model are the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of the utility model, signal bandwidth 1GHz, for speed
Rate up to Gbit/s vehicle the realization of high-speed communication system provide effective, reliable support.Using modularization, unitized
Design, low-power consumption, low cost, adaptability are good, facilitate design of system integration, test and commercialization;It is installed on the millimeter wave of roof
Module and microwave module are by the way of perpendicular interconnection, and compact-sized, connection is reliably;It can be monitored in real time, be propped up by system when work
System calibration, fault pre-alarming and fault fast positioning are held, the signal power of transmitting terminal and the AGC of receiving end can be adjusted dynamically,
It is more adaptable under Different climate, environmental condition, have certain engineering value, it can be to other rail transit fields such as subway
The solution of high-speed communication is promoted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver logic structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the millimeter wave transceiving module schematic diagram of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver;
Appended drawing reference: 11. millimeters of wave transmitting circuits, 12. millimeter waves receive circuit 111. and amplify, and 112. frequencys multiplication, 113. is mixed
Frequently, 114. filtering, 115. amplifications, 116. amplifications, 117. amplifications, 118. transition, filtering, 121. filtering, transition, 122. amplifications,
123. filtering, 124. mixing, 21. local oscillator modules, 22. microwave treatment modules, 24. signal processing modules;
Fig. 3 is the millimeter wave transceiving module Standard schematic diagram of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver;
Appended drawing reference: 1. intermediate frequencies transmitting input (SMP interface), 2. local oscillators input (SMP interface), and (SMP connects the input of 3. local oscillators
Mouthful), 4. medium frequency receptions export (SMP interface), 5. biasings/state (M2.5 feed-through capacitor), 6. waveguide filters, 7. circulators;
Fig. 4 is the microwave module schematic diagram of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver;
Appended drawing reference: 1. millimeter wave transceiving modules, 2. microwave modules, 3. ifd modules, 11. millimeters of wave transmitting circuits, 12.
Millimeter wave receives circuit, 21. local oscillator modules, 22. microwave treatment modules, 23. power modules, 24. signal processing modules, 211. temperature
Degree compensation, 212. amplifications, 213. high-pass filterings, 214. is balanced, 215. switches, 216. switches, 217. filtering, 218. amplifications,
219. is balanced, 2110. temperature-compensatings, 2111. low-pass filtering, 221. crystal oscillators, 222.PLL, 223.2 frequencys multiplication, 224. filtering, and 225.
Coupling, 231. power protections and observation circuit, 232.DC/DC circuit;
Fig. 5 is the microwave module Standard schematic diagram of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver;
Appended drawing reference: 51. microwave modules biasing with data (M2.5 feed-through capacitor), 52. millimeter wave transceiving modules biasing with
State (M2.5 feed-through capacitor), 53. medium frequency receptions input (SMP interface), and 54.18.9/20.1GHz local oscillator exports (SMP interface),
55.18.9/20.1GHz local oscillator output (SMP interface), 56. intermediate frequencies transmitting output (SMP interface), 57. intermediate frequency input and output, one line
Logical (SMP interface);
Fig. 6 is ifd module schematic diagram;
Appended drawing reference: 22. microwave treatment modules, 31. transmission channels, 32. receiving channels, 311. is balanced, and 312. numerical controls decline
Subtract, 313. amplifications, 314. high-pass filterings, 315. temperature-compensatings decaying, 321. temperature-compensatings decaying, 322. filtering, 323. amplifications,
324. low-pass filtering, 325. couplings, 326. detections, 327.AGC, 328. is balanced, 329. amplifications;
Fig. 7 is the structural assembly diagram of the millimeter wave transceiver in roof of train antenna house.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of the utility model, using modular mentality of designing, by millimeter wave
Transceiver module, microwave module and ifd module composition.Wherein, millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave module with external car antenna,
Circulator is installed on jointly in the antenna house of roof of train, and antenna house overall dimensions are 160mm*160mm*60mm, headstock and vehicle
It is each a set of at tail;Ifd module is installed in the base band cabinet in compartment, and installation space (not including connector) is in 110mm*
Within 50mm*30mm, corresponding headstock with it is each a set of at the tailstock.
Millimeter wave transceiving module receives circuit by millimeter wave transmitting circuit and millimeter wave and forms, and schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
Millimeter wave transmitting circuit to the input signal of local oscillator module amplify and frequency multiplication after as millimeter wave mixer
Local oscillation signal, amplifier are the chip of ADI, and working frequency is 13~25GHz, gain 20dB;Frequency multiplier is the chip of ADI,
32~46GHz of reference frequency output, output power 13dBm.It is mixed, is generated with the intermediate-freuqncy signal of microwave module input later
Required millimeter-wave signal;Frequency mixer is the chip of ADI, and 25~40GHz of working frequency range, input 1dB compression point is 11dBm, is become
Frequency loss is 9.5dB.It the processing such as is finally filtered, amplifies to millimeter-wave signal, millimeter-wave signal is amplified to required function
Rate.Amplifier chain is by the way of three-level amplification: the small signal of first order amplifier processing, it is contemplated that the versatility of circuit, using with
Millimeter wave receives the identical low-noise amplifier of circuit, which is the chip of Ommic, and working range is 25~43GHz, makes an uproar
Sonic system number is less than 1.8dB, gain 25dB;Second level amplifier drives the work of rear class power amplifier, which is the core of Avago
Piece, working range 20-45GHz, the 1dB compression point of output power are 21dBm, gain 25dB,;Third level power amplification
Device, the amplifier are the chip of Qorvo, and the 1dB compression point of working frequency range 33-47GHz, gain 25dB, output power are
26dBm;The mm wave RF signal of power amplifier output is sent into circulator through probe transitions and waveguide cavity diaphragm filter
In.
Meanwhile car antenna receives the millimeter-wave signal (bandwidth 1GHz) of ground-plane antenna transmitting, and milli is entered after circulator
Metric wave receives circuit.Through waveguide filter and probe transitions, transceiver insulation in millimeter wave transceiving module is improved, extracts millimeter wave letter
Number and with circuit formed matched well;Subsequently enter the reception power that low-noise amplifier improves millimeter-wave signal, the amplifier
It is identical as the link first order is amplified in millimeter wave transmitting circuit.Millimeter wave mixer is by the way of harmonic mixing, to reduce electricity
Power consumption, volume and the cost on road.Enter frequency mixer with millimeter-wave signal after the input signal filtering of local oscillator module, which is
The isolation of the chip of ADI, output signal and local oscillation signal is greater than 37dB, conversion loss 10dB, will become under millimeter-wave signal
Frequency is received IF signal.
It is metal shielding box outside millimeter wave transceiving module, structure is as shown in figure 3, two local oscillator inputs, intermediate frequency transmitting
The interface of input and medium frequency reception output is all made of SMP, is connected with microwave module to slotting;Millimeter wave transmitting circuit connects with millimeter wave
Circuit is received by the waveguide filter of the WR-28 standard waveguide connection left and right sides, and is connected to circulator, height and width direction
On size be only 132.55mm*51mm, overall structure is more small-sized, compact, convenient for integrated with antenna.Millimeter wave transceiving module
Power supply and working state control input use M2.5 feed-through capacitor, to realize the handoff functionality of system.
Microwave module is by four microwave treatment module, local oscillator module, power module, signal processing module functional module groups
At as shown in figure 4, realizing the processing to the intermediate frequency transmitting/receiving signal of ifd module input/output, transmission;For millimeter wave receipts
It sends out module and local oscillation signal is provided;And to the function such as each module working state monitoring of the millimeter wave transceiver on roof and control
Energy.
It include transmission channel and receiving channel in microwave treatment module, intermediate frequency transmitting signal carries out first in transmission channel
Temperature-compensating, amplification, amplifier are the chip of Mini-Circuits, operating frequency range 0.5-5GHz, noise coefficient
1.4dB, gain 21dB;After through high-pass filtering, and to it carry out equilibrium treatment to improve inband flatness;Received IF signal
Circuit input is received from millimeter wave, filtered, amplified in receiving channel, amplifier uses Mini- identical with transmission channel
The chip of Circuits amplifies post-equalization to improve inband flatness, temperature compensated rear low-pass filtering output.Transmission channel
Output and the input of receiving channel connect switch, by the switching signal control control microwave treatment module and millimeter wave transceiving of system
Whether there is or not the input and output of intermediate-freuqncy signal between module, realize the handoff functionality of system;The input of transmission channel and receiving channel
Output shares a radiofrequency signal interface by the way of function point to reduce volume, shared radiofrequency signal interface uses SMP.
Local oscillator module provides local oscillation signal for millimeter wave transceiving module, provides reference signal, locking phase to phaselocked loop by crystal oscillator
Ring uses the chip of STMicw Electronics, working range 3.85-16GHz, and highest phase demodulation frequency is 100MHz, has fractional frequency division
With integral frequency divisioil function.After phase-locked loop locking, the microwave signal of 9.45/10.05GHz is exported, is multiplied to through varactor doubler
18.9/20.1GHz, varactor doubler uses the chip of ADI, the frequency range 13-24.6GHz of output, output power 17dBm;Again
It is extracted through bandpass filter, couples output two paths of signals through coupler later, be supplied to millimeter wave transceiving module and believe as local oscillator
Number.In addition, the function that local oscillator module has the output frequency for providing the instruction of local oscillator locking information and crystal oscillator tunable, is supported
The realization of the functions such as calibration, fault pre-alarming and fault fast positioning when system is run.
Power module includes power protection and observation circuit, DC/DC circuit two parts.Power protecting circuit is in power module
Input terminal, after external input voltage 12V passes through, anti-lightning strike, anti-can power on surge current, anti-overflow and reversal connection, monitoring electricity
The total working current indicating signal of each module of roof is sent to signal processing module by road, is the early warning of system run time fault, prison
It surveys and fault fast positioning provides intuitive foundation.The voltage of 12V is converted to millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave by DC/DC circuit
Voltage+6V ,+5.2V ,+5V and -5V needed for module and local oscillator module, respectively it is powered, and has the function of power protection.
Signal processing module receive the temperature detection signal of millimeter wave transceiving module, local oscillator module lock indication signal and
The total working current indicating signal of power module monitors the working condition of each module on roof;Crystal oscillator frequency is sent to local oscillator module
Rate tuning and the switching signal that system is sent to microwave treatment module, the calibration and switching of control system.Using the chip of ADI,
The chip supports I2C agreement, is integrated with 4 road ADC and 4 road DAC, realizes in each module of millimeter wave transceiver and the compartment on roof
The acquisition and transmission of monitoring information data between the host of base band cabinet.
It is metal shielding box outside microwave module, inside is divided into upper and lower cavities shielding box, wherein transmission channel, receiving channel
It is in the same face with local oscillator module, signal processing module and power module are integrated on the PCB of another side cavity, structural representation
Scheme as shown in figure 5, the interface of medium frequency reception input, two local oscillators inputs and intermediate frequency transmitting output is all made of SMP, with millimeter wave receipts
The metal shielding box for sending out module is connected to inserting, and the Integrated Service Digital Network interface that the input of transmission channel and the output of receiving channel share uses
SMP;Microwave module biasing uses M2.5 feed-through capacitor with data interaction, provides on 12V external power supply voltage input and roof
Each module working state monitoring of millimeter wave transceiver and control data input and output;Millimeter wave transceiving module biasing is used with state
M2.5 feed-through capacitor provides supply voltage and switch-over control signal to millimeter wave transceiving module.
Ifd module is the part intermediate-frequency circuit that can be integrated with digital-to-analog circuits such as base band, modulation /demodulation, including transmission channel
And receiving channel, schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 6.One radio frequency is shared to the intermediate frequency transmitting/receiving signal of microwave module input/output
Signal SMA interface, the signaling interface to external digital-to-analog circuit are that intermediate frequency inputs and intermediate frequency exports two independent SMA interfaces, point
It is not connected with transmission channel and receiving channel.Power supply signal and monitoring signal are accessed from DB9 interface, it can be achieved that emitting signal function
The functions such as rate control, received signal strength monitoring, AGC dynamic adjustment.
Transmission channel first to externally input intermediate frequency transmitting signal do it is balanced improve inband flatness, after through numerical control attenuation
Device controls its power by transmission power control signal, promotes environment adaptive capacity, and numerical-control attenuator is the core of ADI
Piece, insertion loss 1.7dB, it is possible to provide the attenuation of maximum 31dB.Again through amplification and high-pass filtering, and decayed by temperature-compensating
Device improves the influence of gain inconsistency under high/low temperature condition, most exports afterwards through circulator.Amplifier use in microwave module
The chip of identical Mini-Circuits.
The received IF signal inputted from microwave module enters receiving channel after circulator, passes through temperature compensation attenuator
Improve high/low temperature condition under gain inconsistency influence, and it is filtered, amplify after extracted by low-pass filter
Received IF signal, and two paths of signals is exported by coupler: signal demodulator exports all the way, provides received signal strength to system
Monitoring signals;Another way signal increases the dynamic range of receives link by way of AGC loop, and detection input terminal can receive
The AGC of system controls signal, carries out dynamic adjustment to AGC, the signal of output end passes through balanced, amplification, last externally output
Received IF signal needed for back-end circuit.Amplifier is using the chip with Mini-Circuits identical in microwave module.
Millimeter wave transceiving module and microwave module and circulator, antenna are placed in the antenna house of roof, overall dimensions
No more than 160mm*160mm*60mm, total power consumption is no more than 12W, as shown in Figure 7;The size 113mm*50mm* of ifd module
25mm is installed in the base band cabinet in compartment, is metal shielding box in each modular structure, improves the anti-dry of circuit
Ability and dust tightness are disturbed, the system integration is convenient for.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication, which is characterized in that the millimeter wave transceiver
Including millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave module and ifd module, in which:
The millimeter wave transceiving module, including millimeter wave transmitting circuit and millimeter wave receive circuit;Millimeter wave transmitting circuit is used for
It send the millimeter wave frequency band of the intermediate-freuqncy signal up-conversion of microwave module input to work, and after being amplified to required power into annular
Device is launched by the ground-plane antenna on website along car antenna to the ground track;Meanwhile car antenna receives ground-plane antenna
The millimeter-wave signal of transmitting enters millimeter wave after circulator and receives circuit, and millimeter wave receives lower after circuit amplifies signal become
Frequency is exported to intermediate-freuqncy signal to microwave module;
The microwave module includes microwave treatment module, local oscillator module, power module and signal processing module;The microwave treatment
Module includes transmission channel and receiving channel, is respectively used to the intermediate frequency transmitting signal from ifd module and removes ifd module
Received IF signal carries out temperature-compensating, amplification, filtering and equilibrium treatment;The local oscillator module is used to be millimeter wave transceiving module
Local oscillation signal needed for providing;The power module is used to external input voltage being converted to millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave mode
Voltage needed for block and local oscillator module and respectively its power supply;The signal processing module is used for vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver
Monitoring information is acquired and transmits, and the monitoring information is to measure the physical index information of each module working condition;
The ifd module is part intermediate-frequency circuit that can be integrated with base band, modem, including intermediate frequency transmission channel is in
Frequency receiving channel;The intermediate frequency transmission channel penetrates balanced signal progress, amplification and filtering processing for taking place frequently in;Intermediate frequency simultaneously
Receiving channel, into automatic growth control, filtering and enhanced processing, provides the letter of intermediate frequency required for demodulator to received IF signal
Number.
2. a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication according to claim 1, feature exist
In the vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver is assemblied in special bus car body both ends, forms two mutually independent millimeter wave transceiving channels.
3. a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication according to claim 1 or 2, feature
It is, the total working electric current of temperature information and power module that the monitoring information includes at least millimeter wave transceiving module indicates letter
Breath.
4. a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication according to claim 3, feature exist
In the millimeter-wave signal interface of the millimeter wave transceiver uses WR-28 standard waveguide, and local oscillation signal and intermediate-freuqncy signal interface are adopted
Use coaxial connector.
5. a kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication according to claim 4, feature exist
In the millimeter wave transceiving module, microwave module, circulator, car antenna are integrated in antenna house, and the antenna house is located at vehicle
At the top of body.
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CN201821165064.7U CN208369573U (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2018-07-23 | A kind of vehicle-mounted millimeter wave transceiver of rail vehicle ground wireless communication |
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Address after: 610094 No.07, floor 7, unit 4, building 1, no.508, East Section 2, Second Ring Road, Chenghua District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee after: CHENGDU JIWEI TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 610094 12 building A, 4 building 200, Tianfu five street, hi tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan. Patentee before: CHENGDU JIWEI TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |