CN208239258U - A kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor - Google Patents
A kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN208239258U CN208239258U CN201820710258.4U CN201820710258U CN208239258U CN 208239258 U CN208239258 U CN 208239258U CN 201820710258 U CN201820710258 U CN 201820710258U CN 208239258 U CN208239258 U CN 208239258U
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- suspended matter
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- line monitoring
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensors comprising sequentially connected optical amplifier, near-infrared matrix CCD, Embedded real-time signal processing unit and the energy excitation device being set between suspended matter and optical amplifier；Near-infrared matrix CCD is used to perceive the suspended matter in water body, obtains the brightness information of suspended matter；The matched energy excitation device effect of optical amplifier, amplifies the brightness information of tested suspended matter, to enhance sensitivity；Embedded real-time signal processing unit carries out analytical calculation for the suspended matter brightness information of near-infrared matrix CCD perception and obtains concentration values.The utility model high sensitivity, stability is good, adaptable, and improving concentration information processing and recognition speed, entire measurement process realizes space continuity from above, temporal instantaneity, can round-the-clock real time on-line monitoring.
Description
Technical field
Field is monitored the utility model relates to the concentration of suspension in water body more particularly to a kind of water body recovery technology concentration is real
When monitor sensor on-line.
Background technique
Runoff silt content in the soil erosion is to measure one of the important parameter of soil erosion.Either evaluate basin still
The erosion degree in river, it is necessary to measure its concentration of suspension.Only rationally measurement silt content is possible to accurate simulation soil
Erosion dynamic process, and reasonable scientific basis is provided for bringing soil erosion under control decision.Scientific and technical personnel are exploring always for many years
The dynamic measurement method of concentration of suspension in river, runoff water body.
The measurement method of concentration of suspension can be divided into two kinds by form at present: the direct method of measurement and the indirect method of measurement.
The direct method of measurement, that is, sampling method.The direct method of measurement includes: oven drying method (being also weight method) and specific gravity (bottle) again
Method；There is sample representation difference and sample the defects of troublesome and precision is influenced by manual operation in the direct method of measurement.
Such as oven drying method, that is, a certain amount of sample is taken, the weight after measuring its original weight and drying, so that it is determined that outstanding in muddy water
Floating object concentration.Weight silt content and volume silt content can measure using oven drying method, it is considered to be one of current most accurate method.
But since oven drying method need to dry sample to be tested, and drying temperature is generally 105 DEG C, and heating needs 10h or more, high temperature and length
Phase heating will cause soil with organic matter and be carbonized, and keep the silt content of measurement less than normal, want to drying temperature and heating time
It asks but also entire measurement process is time-consuming and laborious.In addition, essential measurement error and manual operations damage in weighing process
It loses, the strong influence accuracy of such method.
And hydrometer method is the influence according to suspended matter to specific gravity to determine concentration, densimeter can be used in when measurement, it is also possible to
Its gentle graduated cylinder measures, and simple with the method measurement concentration of suspension device therefor, measurement method is faster more direct.But
When concentration of suspension is higher, since the data of graduated cylinder are difficult to read standard, measurement accuracy is greatly affected.In addition, this method obtains
Data time is too long, is not able to satisfy the needs in test according to concentration of suspension real-time control, has seriously affected the efficiency of test.
Indirect measurement method, that is, not sampling method.The indirect method of measurement have electrical method, optical means, acoustic method and
Nuclear physics method etc..These methods are each has something to recommend him, but since measuring principle is had nothing in common with each other, instrument and equipment be also it is multifarious, no
With degree by concentration of suspension motion conditions in water flow and its partial size group result at being influenced, to make concentration of suspension
There are asynchronisms and limitation for measurement result, and the concentration of suspension in precise measurement water flow also to need to be improved into one.
If capacitance method is to cause this electrophysics of its change in dielectric constant using the variation of Suspended Matter in Water concentration
Property measures concentration of suspension variation by measuring the variation of capacitor.Since capacitor is affected by temperature and salinity, capacitor
Both ends output voltage increases with temperature, soil salt content and is in non-linear increase trend, the influence of flow rate of water flow in addition, so that electric
The applicable elements of appearance method are very limited.In Slope-Runoff erosion process especially under the conditions of natural precipitation, pass through survey
Amount capacitance variations are difficult to realize to determine that the concentration of suspension in water flow changes.
The principle of infrared light electrical method is after light beam is absorbed by water body containing suspended matter, is scattered, remaining transmissive portion
Luminous flux meets delustring scattering law.Its chief be K value determination, the refractive power of the wavelength, suspended particle of it and light
Coefficient, color and partial size etc. are related.Concentration of suspension change greatly, the water flow of suspended matter partial size luffing greatly, K value is difficult to determine, spy
It is not when concentration of suspension is greater than 55%, relative error is greater than 40%, and the accuracy and reliability of measurement is poor, so with red
The measurement of outer photoelectric method is just very limited or even unavailable.
Supercritical ultrasonics technology is divided into supersonic reflection method and ultrasonic attenuation method.The former is according to the volume reflection and suspended matter of ultrasonic wave
The size proportional of concentration, to measure the concentration of suspended matter.The latter considers scattering, absorption of the suspended matter to ultrasonic wave
With the spreading factor of ultrasonic wave itself, the decaying of its energy is detected using sensor to calculate concentration of suspension.Ultrasonic reflections
Method is more sensitive for the water flow of low concentration suspended matter, and measurement accuracy is higher, and only measurement range is relatively narrow, O~3kg/m 3 it
Between.The principle that sound wave size is attenuated when ultrasonic attenuation method is propagated in water body using sound wave, will by receiving energy converter
Ultrasonic transformation after decaying is electric signal, then is obtained after enhanced processing with the analog electrical signal changed containing concentration of suspension,
Concentration is measured according to its relationship between concentration.Such method will can be used by testing calibration in advance.But
When measuring silt content with supercritical ultrasonics technology in practice, to guarantee that ultrasonic wave can be received through attenuated signal, intensity (frequency
Rate) it cannot be too small.And ultrasonic intensity it is larger when, when it passes through aqueous solution, ultrasonic wave can occur mutual with suspended particle
It acts on and influences solution concentration；It also will cause the partial size group that big suspended particle crushes and changes original solute particles simultaneously
At.Very big deviation can be generated to calculate silt content with the mode demarcated in advance at this time.Since supercritical ultrasonics technology can make water flow
Change its original dynamic characteristic at disturbance, and the bigger change of concentration of suspension is also bigger, so that supercritical ultrasonics technology measurement is outstanding
The range of floating object concentration is relatively narrow, is not suitable for reality and needs.
Gamma-rays method is liquid fixed double phase flow in attenuation law and aqueous solution during penetrating object using gamma-rays
Characteristic has theoretically inquired into the calculation formula of the concentration of gamma-rays transmission suspended matter with the method for mathematics.A large amount of laboratory tests
The result shows that it is feasible using gamma-rays transmission measurement concentration of suspension, and measurement result is accurate and reliable, not by suspended matter
The influence of type is quick, easy, the high-precision concentration of suspension measurement method in current scene.But because gamma-rays has
Extremely strong penetrating power, when human body is irradiated by gamma-rays, gamma-rays can enter the inside of human body, and send out with internal cell
Raw ionization, will lead to the intracorporal normal chemical process of people and is interfered, serious to make cell death.Therefore, in reality
Such method is disabled in border.
In short, the technology that there is no at present transports spatial distribution, the dynamic of Suspended Matter in Water concentration due to many reasons
Dynamic process give it is direct, real-time, continuously and fully monitor to face, already as current water body recovery technology concentration dynamic real-time measurement
Problem.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to overcome drawbacks described above, and it is real-time to provide a kind of water body recovery technology concentration
Monitor sensor on-line.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model leads to following technical proposals and realizes:
A kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor comprising sequentially connected optical amplifier, close red
Outer matrix CCD, Embedded real-time signal processing unit and the energy excitation being set between suspended matter and optical amplifier
Device；Wherein, near-infrared matrix CCD is used to perceive the suspended matter in water body, obtains the brightness information of suspended matter；Optics
The matched energy excitation device effect of amplifier, amplifies the brightness information of tested suspended matter, to enhance sensitivity；It is embedded
The suspended matter brightness information that signal processing unit is used to perceive the near-infrared matrix CCD carries out analytical calculation and obtains
Concentration values out.
As a preference, the near-infrared matrix CCD and the spacing of suspended matter are 0.1~0.3m.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the effect of following intentional:
(1) the utility model uses the near-infrared matrix CCD of comparative maturity, high speed Embedded real-time signal processing list
Member, structure is simple, at low cost, can steady operation in field environment, water-bed or bank, towing can be fixed on, anchor or be mounted in
Before ship, application value is had a vast market.
(2) the utility model overcomes the deficiency of traditional monitoring water body recovery technology concentration, and high sensitivity, stability is good,
It is adaptable, concentration information processing and recognition speed are improved, entire measurement process realizes space continuity from above, temporal
Instantaneity, can round-the-clock real time on-line monitoring.
(3) the utility model have measurement measurement range it is wide, not by the significant of suspended matter (mainly silt) grain diameter influence
Feature.For Suspended Sediment partial size generally in 0.001~100mm magnitude, the utility model can realize all standing in nature.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic device of the concentration of suspension in real time on-line monitoring water body.
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram of the concentration of suspension in real time on-line monitoring water body.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the utility model is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, so that the advantages of the utility model
It can be easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art with feature, to make the protection scope of the utility model apparent clear
Define.
Water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor, the suspended matter energy excitation device to wavelength be 850~
The laser of 980nm carries out the frequency modulation(PFM) of 1~5K, meets Near Infrared CCD area array sensor induction wavelength, while can be to suspended matter
Form, which is given, to be excited, and is formed a balanced light field, is greatly reduced the interference of ambient light.The near-infrared matrix CCD
Detection wave-length coverage is 850~1100nm；Resolution ratio is 1628 × 1236 pixels, can be scanned with 12 bit patterns, each pixel
Brightness is an intensity value, and value range is 0~4095, wherein 0 indicates black, 4095 indicate pure white.
Using the measurement method of the carried out real time on-line monitoring water body recovery technology concentration of the utility model, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
Step 1: every the Pixel Information of acquisition near-infrared matrix CCD output in 1~15 second.
Step 2: the Pixel Information of output being calculated by the variation of pixel light and shade value, obtains opposite brightness
Reduced value is defined by the reduced value that opposite brightness reduced value obtains practical brightness by formula (1):
Wherein LwFor the white brightness that near-infrared matrix CCD perceives, LbFor near-infrared matrix CCD
The black brightness perceived.Since formula (1) is the ratio of 2 kinds of brightness intensity, absolute brightness need not be known
The reduced value of opposite brightness can be obtained by the variation of pixel light and shade value for value.
Step 3: by Beer-Lambert-Boguer law, water body recovery technology concentration V can be obtained
Wherein, x is the spacing of near-infrared matrix CCD and suspended matter；C0For phase under no suspended substance state in middle body
To the reduced value of brightness；Human eye removes observed object object by medium (air and water), and what is actually seen is brightness, therefore often
Amount 0.02 indicates visual threshold.
Step 4: since the light of different wave length is different to the penetrability of medium (air and water), it is therefore necessary to dense to what is surveyed
Degree V is modified, and can obtain concentration of suspension degree V finallyLOSAre as follows:
Wherein, constant 550 indicates that wavelength is the green light of 550nm；λnmFor suspended matter energy excitation device output wavelength；Q is wave
Long modifying factor depends on concentration, λromVqV < 0.5km q=0 q=V-0.5 1km≤V < 6km q=0.16 × V+0.34
0.5km≤V < 1km 6km≤V < 50km q=1.3 V >=50km q=1.6.
The above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and therefore it does not limit the scope of the patent of the utility model, all
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made based on the specification and figures of the utility model, is applied directly or indirectly in
Other related technical areas are also included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor, it is characterised in that: it includes that sequentially connected optics is put
It big device, near-infrared matrix CCD, Embedded real-time signal processing unit and is set between suspended matter and optical amplifier
Energy excitation device；Wherein, near-infrared matrix CCD is used to perceive the suspended matter in water body, obtains the brightness of suspended matter
Information；The matched energy excitation device effect of optical amplifier, amplifies the brightness information of tested suspended matter, photosensitive to enhance
Degree；The suspended matter brightness information that Embedded real-time signal processing unit is used to perceive the near-infrared matrix CCD carries out
Analytical calculation obtains concentration values.
2. real time on-line monitoring sensor as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the near-infrared matrix CCD
Spacing with suspended matter is 0.1~0.3m.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108613905A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-02 | 西安新汇泽测控技术有限公司 | A kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor and monitoring method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108613905A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-02 | 西安新汇泽测控技术有限公司 | A kind of water body recovery technology concentration real time on-line monitoring sensor and monitoring method |
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