CN208223565U - A kind of big flow open channel measuring automatically flow system - Google Patents
A kind of big flow open channel measuring automatically flow system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于灌区量水技术领域，更具体地说是一种大流量明渠自动测流系统，适用于各种渠道尤其是大流量明渠的流量精确测量。The utility model belongs to the technical field of water measurement in irrigation areas, and more specifically relates to an automatic flow measurement system for large-flow open channels, which is suitable for accurate flow measurement of various channels, especially large-flow open channels.
背景技术Background technique
渠道流量的测量对于渠道控制非常重要，是保证渠道正常工作的必要措施。渠道流量精确测量是灌区自动化控制和管理的前提，也是世界性难题。现有的渠道流量现代化测量技术主要有雷达波流量计、超声波明渠流量计、声波多普勒明渠测量仪以及经典的包括量水堰(槽)等量水技术，这些测流方法有的不适于大流量明渠，特别是对于断面大、流速小的渠道流量测量精度较低；还有的含沙量较大的渠道，采用上述方法测流，由于渠底淤积造成渠道断面面积变化，影响渠道流量测量精度。The measurement of channel flow is very important for channel control, and it is a necessary measure to ensure the normal operation of the channel. Accurate measurement of channel flow is a prerequisite for automatic control and management of irrigation districts, and it is also a worldwide problem. The existing modern channel flow measurement technologies mainly include radar wave flowmeters, ultrasonic open channel flowmeters, acoustic Doppler open channel measuring instruments, and classic water measurement technologies including water measurement weirs (troughs). Some of these flow measurement methods are not suitable for Large-flow open channels, especially for channels with large cross-sections and low flow rates, the flow measurement accuracy is low; there are also channels with large sediment content, and the above-mentioned method is used to measure flow. Due to the change of the channel cross-sectional area due to the sedimentation at the bottom of the channel, the flow of the channel is affected. measurement accuracy.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型为解决上述技术问题，提供一种大流量明渠自动测流方法及系统。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a large-flow open channel automatic flow measurement method and system.
一种大流量明渠自动测流系统，其特征在于：包括：A large-flow open channel automatic flow measurement system is characterized in that it includes:
测压挡板，横跨明渠渠道设置，其长度与渠底宽度匹配；Manometric baffles, set across the open channel, the length of which matches the width of the channel bottom;
升降装置，包括升降电机和与升降电机连接并由升降电机控制做竖向螺旋升降的升降杆；Lifting device, including a lifting motor and a lifting rod connected with the lifting motor and controlled by the lifting motor for vertical spiral lifting;
压力传感系统，包括沿水平方向均匀分布于测压挡板的迎水面的多个压力测点A，和布置于测压挡板的平行于水流方向的侧面的压力测点B；The pressure sensing system includes a plurality of pressure measuring points A uniformly distributed on the water-facing surface of the pressure measuring baffle in the horizontal direction, and pressure measuring points B arranged on the side of the pressure measuring baffle parallel to the water flow direction;
采集及控制器，与升降电机信号连接，用于控制升降装置的升降电机进而实现对测压挡板测流高度的控制；同时采集及控制器还与压力传感系统信号连接，用于收集压力传感系统测得的数据并利用该数据计算明渠流量；The acquisition and controller is connected with the signal of the lifting motor, which is used to control the lifting motor of the lifting device to realize the control of the flow measurement height of the pressure measuring baffle; at the same time, the acquisition and controller is also connected with the signal of the pressure sensing system to collect the pressure Data measured by the sensing system and used to calculate open channel flow;
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述压力测点A上布设压力传感器，且该压力传感器测压孔正对水流方向；In the above-mentioned large-flow open channel automatic flow measuring system, a pressure sensor is arranged on the pressure measuring point A, and the pressure measuring hole of the pressure sensor is facing the direction of water flow;
所述压力测点B上布设压力传感器，且该压力传感器测压孔朝向与水流方向垂直。A pressure sensor is arranged on the pressure measuring point B, and the pressure measuring hole of the pressure sensor is oriented perpendicular to the water flow direction.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述压力测点B布置于测压挡板的平行于水流方向的侧面的中部，且压力测点B高度与压力测点A高度相等。In the above-mentioned automatic flow measurement system for large-flow open channels, the pressure measurement point B is arranged in the middle of the side of the pressure measurement baffle parallel to the direction of water flow, and the height of the pressure measurement point B is equal to the height of the pressure measurement point A.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述测压挡板为工字钢，包括前后两侧翼板以及位于两侧翼板之间的腹板，测压挡板以两侧翼板竖直朝向、腹板水平朝向的方式横跨明渠渠道设置；所述压力测点A布设于翼板的迎水面，压力测点B布设于腹板的中部，且压力测点B与压力测点A等高。In the above-mentioned large-flow open channel automatic flow measurement system, the pressure measurement baffle is I-shaped steel, including the front and rear flanks and the web between the two flanks. The plate is horizontally oriented and set across the open channel; the pressure measuring point A is arranged on the upstream surface of the wing plate, and the pressure measuring point B is arranged in the middle of the web, and the pressure measuring point B and pressure measuring point A are at the same height.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述压力传感器为称重式压力传感器，适用于各种流量、特别是大流量明渠测流要求。In the above-mentioned large-flow open channel automatic flow measurement system, the pressure sensor is a weighing pressure sensor, which is suitable for various flow rates, especially large-flow open channel flow measurement requirements.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述测压挡板所在渠道断面的明渠渠底左右两侧均设有柱体；所述升降装置包括升降电机和与升降电机连接并由升降电机控制做竖向螺旋升降的升降杆；每个柱体上均安装升降装置；每个升降装置的升降杆分别与测压挡板左、右端部固定；两根柱体具有相对设置的竖直凹槽，测压挡板的两端分别嵌在竖直凹槽内，测压挡板在升降杆的带动下沿着竖直凹槽上下移动；所述明渠渠底左右两侧柱体分别与同侧渠道边坡之间设置阻水挡板，柱体与阻水挡板位于渠道同一断面上。In the above-mentioned large-flow open channel automatic flow measurement system, columns are arranged on the left and right sides of the open channel bottom of the channel section where the pressure measuring baffle is located; the lifting device includes a lifting motor and is connected with the lifting motor and controlled by the lifting motor. Lifting rods for vertical spiral lifting; each column is equipped with a lifting device; the lifting rods of each lifting device are respectively fixed to the left and right ends of the pressure measuring baffle; the two columns have opposite vertical grooves, The two ends of the pressure measuring baffle are respectively embedded in the vertical groove, and the pressure measuring baffle moves up and down along the vertical groove under the drive of the lifting rod; A water-blocking baffle is set between the slopes, and the column and the water-blocking baffle are located on the same section of the channel.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述柱体的高度高于明渠水面，所述升降装置固定于柱体顶部；所述采集及控制器设置于其中一根柱体的顶端。In the above-mentioned automatic flow measurement system for large-flow open channels, the height of the column is higher than the water surface of the open channel, and the lifting device is fixed on the top of the column; the collection and controller are arranged on the top of one of the columns.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述柱体为水泥柱。In the above-mentioned automatic flow measurement system for large-flow open channels, the column is a cement column.
上述大流量明渠自动测流系统中，所述系统设置于渠道的典型断面上。In the above-mentioned automatic flow measurement system for large-flow open channels, the system is set on a typical section of the channel.
本实用新型有益效果：Beneficial effects of the utility model:
本实用新型提供一种通过测量过水断面上的动、静水压强差从而间接测量断面过水流量的方案，机理、结构简单，自动化程度高，实施过程简单，适用于各种渠道尤其是大流量明渠(流量为30-150m3/s)的流量精确测量。The utility model provides a scheme for indirectly measuring the cross-section water flow rate by measuring the dynamic and static water pressure difference on the water-passing section. The mechanism and structure are simple, the degree of automation is high, the implementation process is simple, and it is suitable for various channels, especially large flow. Accurate measurement of flow in open channels (flow rate 30-150m 3 /s).
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例测流系统总体布置示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the flow measurement system of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为图1中测流系统局部俯视示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial top view of the flow measuring system in Fig. 1;
图3为本实用新型实施例测流系统柱体与测压挡板平面布置示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plane layout of the column body and the pressure measurement baffle of the embodiment of the utility model;
图4为本实用新型实施例测流系统控制结构图。Fig. 4 is a control structure diagram of the flow measuring system of the embodiment of the utility model.
图中：1-测压挡板；2-升降装置；201-升降电机；202-升降杆；203-升降杆控制器；204-升降装置底座安装板；3-采集及控制器；301-控制部；302-数据接收部；303-参数设置部；304-计算部；305-数据传输部；4-柱体；401-竖直凹槽；5-压力测点A；6-压力测点B；7-阻水挡板；8-明渠；9-渠底；10-渠道边坡；11-渠道水面；12-渠顶。In the figure: 1-pressure measuring baffle; 2-lifting device; 201-lifting motor; 202-lifting rod; 203-lifting rod controller; 204-mounting plate of lifting device base; 3-collection and controller; 301-control 302-data receiving part; 303-parameter setting part; 304-calculation part; 305-data transmission part; 4-cylinder; 401-vertical groove; 5-pressure measuring point A; 6-pressure measuring point B ; 7-water blocking baffle; 8-open channel; 9-canal bottom; 10-channel slope; 11-channel water surface; 12-channel top.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于本领域普通技术人员理解和实施本实用新型，下面结合附图及实施例对本实用新型作进一步的详细描述，应当理解的是，此处描述的实施实例仅用于说明和解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。In order to facilitate those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and implement the utility model, the utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the implementation examples described here are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model , is not used to limit the utility model.
一种大流量明渠自动测流系统，包括：测压挡板1、升降装置2、压力传感系统、采集及控制器3。An automatic flow measurement system for a large-flow open channel, comprising: a pressure measurement baffle 1, a lifting device 2, a pressure sensing system, and an acquisition and controller 3.
测压挡板1，横跨明渠渠道设置，其长度与渠底宽度匹配。作为优选，测压挡板1设置于渠道的典型断面上。作为优选，所述测压挡板1为工字钢，以两侧翼板竖直朝向、腹板水平朝向的方式横跨明渠渠道设置。The pressure measuring baffle 1 is arranged across the open channel, and its length matches the width of the channel bottom. Preferably, the pressure measuring baffle 1 is arranged on a typical section of the channel. As a preference, the pressure measuring baffle 1 is an I-beam, and is set across the open channel in such a way that the side panels face vertically and the web faces horizontally.
升降装置2，用于控制测压挡板1从明渠渠底至明渠水面的范围内进行m次竖向移动。作为优选，升降装置2为螺旋升降机。The lifting device 2 is used to control the pressure measurement baffle 1 to move m times vertically from the bottom of the open channel to the water surface of the open channel. Preferably, the lifting device 2 is a screw jack.
压力传感系统，包括沿水平方向均匀分布于测压挡板1的迎水面的n个压力测点A5，和布置于测压挡板1的平行于水流方向的侧面的1个压力测点B6，其中，所述压力测点A5上布设压力传感器，且该压力传感器测压孔正对水流方向；所述压力测点B6上布设压力传感器，且该压力传感器测压孔朝向与水流方向垂直。作为优选，所述压力测点B6布置于测压挡板1的平行于水流方向的侧面的中部，且压力测点B6高度与压力测点A5高度相等。作为一种实施方式，所述测压挡板1为工字钢时，所述压力测点A5布设于工字钢翼板的迎水面，压力测点B6布设于工字钢腹板上。作为优选，所述压力传感器为称重式压力传感器，适用于各种流量、特别是大流量明渠测流。The pressure sensing system includes n pressure measuring points A5 uniformly distributed on the water-facing surface of the pressure measuring baffle 1 along the horizontal direction, and one pressure measuring point B6 arranged on the side of the pressure measuring baffle 1 parallel to the direction of water flow , wherein a pressure sensor is arranged on the pressure measuring point A5, and the pressure measuring hole of the pressure sensor is facing the direction of water flow; a pressure sensor is arranged on the pressure measuring point B6, and the pressure measuring hole of the pressure sensor is oriented perpendicular to the direction of water flow. Preferably, the pressure measuring point B6 is arranged in the middle of the side of the pressure measuring baffle 1 parallel to the water flow direction, and the height of the pressure measuring point B6 is equal to the height of the pressure measuring point A5. As an implementation, when the pressure measuring baffle 1 is an I-steel, the pressure measuring point A5 is arranged on the water-facing surface of the I-steel wing, and the pressure measuring point B6 is arranged on the web of the I-steel. Preferably, the pressure sensor is a weighing pressure sensor, which is suitable for various flow rates, especially open channel flow measurement with large flow rates.
升降装置2，用于控制测压挡板1从明渠渠底至明渠水面的范围内进行m次竖向移动；其中，测压挡板1第1次竖向移动上升至距渠底高度h1＝0.5*Δ，Δ＝H/m，H为明渠水深，第2次至第m次每次竖向移动位移大小为Δ，即测压挡板1在第j次竖向移动后测压挡板1距离渠底的高度hj＝(j-0.5)*Δ，j＝1,2,3,4…m；The lifting device 2 is used to control the pressure measurement baffle 1 to perform m vertical movements within the range from the bottom of the open channel to the water surface of the open channel; wherein, the first vertical movement of the pressure measurement baffle 1 rises to a height h 1 from the bottom of the channel =0.5*Δ, Δ=H/m, H is the water depth of the open channel, and the displacement of each vertical movement from the second to the mth time is Δ, that is, the pressure measurement baffle 1 after the jth vertical movement The height h j =(j-0.5)*Δ, j=1,2,3,4...m from plate 1 to the bottom of the canal;
压力传感系统上布置的压力测点A5，用于测量压力测点A5处的动水压强与静水压强之和pi,j，pi,j表示测压挡板1在第j个高度(hj＝(j-0.5)*Δ)处第i个压力测点A5测得的压强值(i＝1,2,3,4…，n，j＝1,2,3,4…m，Δ＝H/m)；The pressure measuring point A5 arranged on the pressure sensing system is used to measure the sum of the hydrodynamic pressure and the hydrostatic pressure at the pressure measuring point A5 p i,j , p i,j means that the pressure measuring baffle 1 is at the jth height ( h j = (j-0.5)*Δ) the pressure value measured at the i-th pressure measuring point A5 (i=1,2,3,4..., n, j=1,2,3,4...m, Δ=H/m);
压力传感系统上布置的压力测点B6，用于测量测压挡板1所在高度处水体的静水压强p0,j，p0,j表示测压挡板1在第j个高度(hj＝(j-0.5)*Δ)处压力测点B6测得的压强值(j＝1,2,3,4…m，Δ＝H/m)。The pressure measuring point B6 arranged on the pressure sensing system is used to measure the hydrostatic pressure p 0,j of the water body at the height of the pressure measuring baffle 1, p 0,j means that the pressure measuring baffle 1 is at the jth height (h j =(j-0.5)*Δ) Pressure value measured at pressure measuring point B6 (j=1,2,3,4...m, Δ=H/m).
需要说明的是升降装置2控制测压挡板1从明渠渠底至明渠水面的范围内进行m次竖向移动，也就是将明渠渠底至明渠水面区域从下至上划分为m个等分，即每个等分的高度Δ＝H/m，测压挡板1在完成第j次竖向位移后测压挡板1位于距渠底高度hj＝(j-0.5)*Δ处。It should be noted that the lifting device 2 controls the pressure measuring baffle 1 to move m times vertically from the bottom of the open channel to the water surface of the open channel, that is, the area from the bottom of the open channel to the water surface of the open channel is divided into m equal parts from bottom to top, That is, the height of each equal division is Δ=H/m, and the pressure measuring baffle 1 is located at a height h j =(j-0.5)*Δ from the bottom of the canal after completing the jth vertical displacement.
采集及控制器3，与升降电机201信号连接，用于控制升降装置2的升降电机201进而实现对测压挡板1测流高度和高度的控制；同时采集及控制器3还与压力传感系统信号连接，用于收集数据压力传感系统测得的压强数据pi,j和p0,j，并根据所收集的数据计算明渠流量Q；The acquisition and controller 3 is connected with the lifting motor 201 for signal control, and is used to control the lifting motor 201 of the lifting device 2 to realize the control of the flow measurement height and height of the pressure measuring baffle 1; at the same time, the acquisition and controller 3 is also connected with the pressure sensor System signal connection, used to collect the pressure data p i,j and p 0,j measured by the data pressure sensor system, and calculate the open channel flow Q according to the collected data;
其中，采集及控制器3包括：Wherein, acquisition and controller 3 include:
控制部301，用于控制升降装置2的升降速率；以及用于控制采集及控制器的各个部件的工作，包括控制数据接收部302接收并存储压力传感系统测得的压强值pi,j和p0,j，控制参数设置部303存储包括明渠水深H、渠底宽度b、水的密度ρ、测压挡板1的竖向移动总次数m、压力测点A5的总个数n在内的参数；控制数据接收部302、参数设置部303将数据传输至计算部304，控制计算部进行明渠流量计算并将该数据通过数据传输部305传输至数据终端。The control unit 301 is used to control the lifting rate of the lifting device 2; and is used to control the acquisition and the work of each component of the controller, including the control data receiving unit 302 receiving and storing the pressure value p i,j measured by the pressure sensor system and p 0,j , the control parameter setting part 303 stores the water depth H of the open channel, the width b of the channel bottom, the density ρ of water, the total number of vertical movements m of the pressure measuring baffle 1, and the total number n of pressure measuring points A5 in The parameters within; the control data receiving unit 302 and the parameter setting unit 303 transmit the data to the calculation unit 304, and the control calculation unit performs open channel flow calculation and transmits the data to the data terminal through the data transmission unit 305.
数据接收部302，用于接收并存储压力传感系统测得的压强值pi,j和p0,j；A data receiving unit 302, configured to receive and store the pressure values p i,j and p 0,j measured by the pressure sensing system;
参数设置部303，用于输入并存储包括明渠水深H、渠底宽度b、水的密度ρ、测压挡板1的竖向移动总次数m、压力测点A5的总个数n在内的参数；The parameter setting part 303 is used to input and store parameters including the depth H of the open channel, the width b of the channel bottom, the density ρ of water, the total number of vertical movements m of the pressure measuring baffle 1, and the total number n of pressure measuring points A5. parameter;
计算部304，用于将测得的压强值pi,j和p0,j以及输入的参数代入(i＝1,2,3,4…,n，j＝1,2,3,4…,m)，计算vi,j，vi,j为测压挡板1在距渠底高度hj＝(j-0.5)*Δ第i个压力测点A5处的流速；并将计算得到的vi,j以及参数H，b，m，n代入 计算明渠流量Q；Calculation unit 304, for substituting the measured pressure values p i,j and p 0,j and input parameters into (i=1,2,3,4...,n, j=1,2,3,4...,m), calculate v i,j , v i,j is the height h of pressure measuring baffle 1 from the bottom of the canal j = (j-0.5)*ΔThe flow velocity at the i-th pressure measuring point A5; and the calculated v i, j and parameters H, b, m, n are substituted into Calculate open channel flow Q;
数据传输部305，用于将计算得到的明渠流量数据传输至数据终端，所述数据终端为用户终端或客户端。The data transmission unit 305 is configured to transmit the calculated open channel flow data to a data terminal, where the data terminal is a user terminal or a client.
所述测压挡板1所在渠道断面的明渠渠底左右两侧均设有柱体4，所述柱体4为水泥柱，所述柱体4的高度高于明渠水面；所述升降装置2包括升降电机201和与升降电机201连接并由升降电机201控制做竖向螺旋升降的升降杆202；每个柱体4上均安装升降装置2，所述升降装置2的升降电机201和升降杆控制器203固定于柱体4顶部；所述采集及控制器3设置于其中一根柱体4的顶端；每个升降装置2的升降杆202分别与测压挡板1左、右端部固定；两根柱体4具有相对设置的竖直凹槽401，测压挡板1的两端分别嵌在竖直凹槽401内，测压挡板1在升降杆202的带动下沿着竖直凹槽上下移动；所述明渠渠底左右两侧柱体4分别与同侧渠道边坡之间设置阻水挡板7，柱体4与阻水挡板7位于渠道同一断面上。作为优选，所述阻水挡板7为钢化玻璃挡板。作为优选，所述柱体4的高度与渠顶等高。The left and right sides of the open channel bottom of the channel section where the pressure measuring baffle 1 is located are provided with columns 4, the columns 4 are cement columns, and the height of the columns 4 is higher than the water surface of the open channel; the lifting device 2 Comprising a lift motor 201 and a lift rod 202 that is connected to the lift motor 201 and is controlled by the lift motor 201 to perform vertical spiral lifting; a lift device 2 is installed on each column 4, and the lift motor 201 and the lift rod of the lift device 2 The controller 203 is fixed on the top of the cylinder 4; the collection and controller 3 is arranged on the top of one of the cylinders 4; the lifting rod 202 of each lifting device 2 is fixed to the left and right ends of the pressure measuring baffle 1 respectively; The two cylinders 4 have vertical grooves 401 opposite to each other. The two ends of the pressure measuring baffle 1 are respectively embedded in the vertical grooves 401. The pressure measuring baffle 1 is driven by the lifting rod 202 along the vertical groove 401. The groove moves up and down; the columns 4 on the left and right sides of the bottom of the open channel are respectively provided with a water-blocking baffle 7 and the side slope of the channel on the same side, and the columns 4 and the water-blocking baffle 7 are located on the same section of the channel. Preferably, the water blocking baffle 7 is a tempered glass baffle. Preferably, the height of the column 4 is equal to the height of the canal top.
本实用新型测流系统还包括供电部，为包括升降装置2、采集及控制器3、压力传感系统在内的装置供电。所述供电部为供电电源。The current measurement system of the utility model also includes a power supply unit, which supplies power to devices including the lifting device 2, the acquisition and controller 3, and the pressure sensing system. The power supply unit is a power supply.
应当理解的是，上述针对较佳实施例的描述较为详细，并不能因此而认为是对本实用新型专利保护范围的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本实用新型的启示下，在不脱离本实用新型权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出替换或变形，均落入本实用新型的保护范围之内，本实用新型的请求保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。It should be understood that the above-mentioned descriptions for the preferred embodiments are relatively detailed, and cannot therefore be considered as limiting the protection scope of the utility model patent. In the case of the scope of protection of the new claims, replacement or deformation can also be made, all of which fall within the protection scope of the utility model, and the scope of protection of the utility model should be based on the appended claims.
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| CN112052425A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-08 | 河南黄河河务局信息中心 | Automatic and accurate manual multi-sediment open channel flow metering method |
| CN114250741A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-03-29 | 山东欧标信息科技有限公司 | Open channel type detection device for simulating different application scenes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112052425A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-08 | 河南黄河河务局信息中心 | Automatic and accurate manual multi-sediment open channel flow metering method |
| CN112052425B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-01-14 | 河南黄河河务局信息中心 | Automatic and accurate manual multi-sediment open channel flow metering method |
| CN114250741A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-03-29 | 山东欧标信息科技有限公司 | Open channel type detection device for simulating different application scenes |
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