CN2081959U

CN2081959U - Electric furnace for heating crucible

Info

Publication number: CN2081959U
Application number: CN 89219707
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨任德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-11-13
Filing date: 1989-11-13
Publication date: 1991-07-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of industrial furnaces, and is a crucible heat body electric furnace. The utility model processes a concave bottom, a convex bottom, the outer wall and the lower layer of the bottom of a flat bottom crucible into slots which are distributed in a thread shape. Electric heating wires with insulated layers are arranged inside the slots. The parts of the electric heating wires on the upper side of the flat bottom crucible are connected with a high electric level, and the parts of the electric heating wires on the lower side of the flat bottom crucible are connected with a low electric level. A heat preservation layer is arranged outside the flat bottom crucible, and an electricity distributing cabinet and an electricity using safety device are also arranged outside the flat bottom crucible. The using efficiency of the heat energy of the crucible heat body electric furnace is higher than the using efficiency of the heat energy of an industrial frequency induction furnace. The crucible heat body electric furnace can save about half electricity compared with a well type electric furnace. The crucible heat body electric furnace also has the characteristics of light weight, small volume, fast temperature rising, homogeneous heating, and high power factors, and is an energy saving product having favorable economic benefit.

Description

Electric furnace for heating crucible

The utility model crucible hot body electric furnace relates to the industrial furnace field, is a kind of industrial energy saving electric furnace.Industrial furnace is the main consumer in the industrial production, and power consumption is many, efficient is low, and the title of power consumption tiger is arranged, and industrial furnace has induction furnace and resistance furnace two big classes.The resistance furnace thermal efficiency is low, cost is high; Induction furnace metal material consumption is many, and power factor (PF) is low, and the thermal efficiency is not high enough, cost an arm and a leg.Improve the industrial furnace utilization efficiency of heat energy and become the problem that presses for solution in the using electricity wisely.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of utilization efficiency of heat energy and is higher than power frequency induction furnace, and cost is lower than the industrial energy saving electric furnace of crucible electrical resistance furnace; To replace crucible electrical resistance furnace, well formula heat treatment electric furnace partly replaces line-frequency induction metal molten stove.

The purpose of this utility model is that it of realizing like this is installed in heating wire in the crucible outer wall groove, heating power is to the object heat fused in the crucible and heat-treating, it is processed into the groove that the rib-loop shape distributes to concave bottom, sunken bottom, flat crucible outer wall and bottom lower floor, the heating wire of mounting strap insulating barrier in the groove, the head of heating wire above crucible connects high voltage, the head of below connects electronegative potential, crucible peripheral hardware heat-insulation layer, and crucible and heat-insulation layer place in the metal shell; Metal pedestal is established in below, shell middle part, and insulation cover is established in the top, does not also have power distribution cabinet and Electrical Safety device.And fusion crucible wherein is that worn-out mouthful of heavy wall broadside garden is barrel-shaped, use the pig iron, needs hot steel or nonmetallic materials to process, and the shape of crucible inner bottom part has at the bottom of the concave, convex two kinds; Metal heat treatmet is the flat worn-out degree of lip-rounding of enlarging heavy wall broadside, processes with the pig iron or the hot steel of need; The groove that above-mentioned rib-loop shape distributes extends to the bottom termination for initial from crucible outer wall top around the crucible outer wall, and the cross section of groove is rectangle or half garden shape, and three-phase is established three grooves, and two-phase is two grooves, and single-phase is a groove; Above-mentioned heating wire does not add insulating barrier around song and is installed in crucible outer wall and the bottom groove, the heating wire of the crucible top origin or beginning line of starting to exchange fire, the electric heating wire connection center line of lower terminal end.Heating wire cover porcelain tube or add the enamel insulating barrier and be directly installed in the groove that crucible outer wall and bottom lower floor rib-loop shape distribute, the degree of depth of groove, geometry, charges can pass to crucible to the overwhelming majority of heating wire heat, are sent to heating object in the crucible; Crucible is outer to adopt new insulation material aluminium silicate fiber peacekeeping magnesium metasilicate heat preservation heat insulation; The mouth of pot top is provided with insulation cover, and there is the insulation layer side under the crucible.Because abovementioned technology.The utility model crucible hot body electric furnace (interior hot heat preserving type) than line frequency furnace (induction vortex heating formula) heat radiation less, thermal efficiency height; About doubling than crucible electrical resistance furnace well formula resistance furnace (the outer hot baking formula) thermal efficiency.The utility model crucible hot body electric furnace, the heating wire consumption

About a thirtieth with power well formula resistance furnace heating wire consumption, insulation material, metal material consumption are few about half, so cost is at half than well-type electric furnace, have only with 1/4th of power power frequency induction furnace cost.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is illustrated:

Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic circuit of the utility model crucible hot body electric furnace.

Accompanying drawing 2 left side figure are the utility model crucible hot body electric furnace, body of heater profile schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 2 right figure are the utility model crucible hot body electric furnace power distribution cabinet schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 3 is a low temperature crucible hot body electric cooker structure schematic diagram in the utility model.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the utility model high-temperature crucibles hot body electric cooker structure schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the utility model heat treatment crucible hot body electric cooker structure schematic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 6 is a low temperature crucible hot body electric furnace in the utility model, the crucible top view.

Accompanying drawing 7 is a low temperature crucible hot body electric furnace in the utility model, heating wire distribution map on the sidewall of crucible.

Accompanying drawing 8 is a low temperature crucible hot body electric furnace in the utility model, crucible bottom heating wire distribution map.

See that R1, R2 in the accompanying drawing 1, R3 are heater, be installed in the groove of crucible outer wall rib-loop shape and bottom annular distribution, shown in R1, R2, R3 among R and Fig. 7,8 among Fig. 3,4,5 by heating wire cover porcelain tube; The shape of crucible has among Fig. 3 in the concave bottom shown in the 5b and Fig. 4 two kinds of the sunken bottoms shown in the 5g according to electric furnace purposes different metal fusion crucible; The heat treatment crucible is flat 5i shown in Figure 5,14,13,8,9 are installed in the

metal shell

2,18 among crucible peripheral hardware heat-insulation layer such as Fig. 3,4,5, be placed on the insulation refractory plate 11 of metal pedestal 12 tops, 1 is the insulation cover of electric furnace mouth top among Fig. 3,4,5, and the body of heater profile is shown in left figure among Fig. 2.To fuse L1, L2, L3, after ammeter A1, A2, A3, the back is to each contact of A.C. contactor J1, J2 through switch DW for power supply A, B, C among Fig. 1, again through heater lead-in wire a, b, the e of crucible top limit portion.The work done of generating heat on R1, R2, R3 again to middle line transformer T, is grounding to zero again.Switch DW electric current dial gauge A1, A2, A3, voltmeter V, temperature control millivoltmeter M, work has stopped K switch 1, K2, and voltage change-over switch K3, relay indicating light D1, D2 are installed in the face of the right figure power distribution cabinet of Fig. 2 and extremely go up; Middle line transformer T, impedance diode D4, buck diode D1, D2, D3, fuse L1, L2 are installed in the interior thermocouple DW of power distribution cabinet and install in the body of heater.

See in the accompanying drawing 3,45 and Fig. 6,7 be depicted as the metal molten crucible, be symmetrically uncovered broadside heavy wall drum shape with center line: crucible is that uncovered shape is convenient to put into metal and is taken out molten metal; 5a is that broadside has the effect of reinforcing crucible and power wiring seat being installed, and the inwall container floor of crucible should have enough intensity; The mounting layer of heater R should be able to be delivered to the overwhelming majority of heat in the crucible, and 5b is the concave bottom of middle low-temperature metal fusion crucible among Fig. 3,6, is convenient to wash in a pan molten metal.5g is the sunken bottom of high temperature melting crucible among Fig. 4, and the self-heat conserving effect is arranged, and can improve the thermal efficiency.14 is the heat treatment container crucible among Fig. 5, and 5 contact supporting use for both large tracts of land of thermal source crucible; The thermal source crucible except that uncovered big slightly and 5c be flat, all the other are with middle low temperature crucible.The heat treatment container crucible should have a plurality of and the supporting use of thermal source crucible.

See in the accompanying drawing 3 that 17 are depicted as the groove that heating wire is installed, its section be a semicircle; The section of groove is square among Fig. 4,5,7,8, the groove shown in 17 begins from limit, crucible outer wall top sub-5a porcelain seat 3 in the accompanying drawing 7, arrive the trough of bottom heater R1R2R3 shown in Figure 8 position to the outer wall bottom around the outer wall multi-turn through crucible outer wall top, finally 1: 15, the trough that R1R2R3 installs among Fig. 7,8 is three grooves of three-phase furnace, if be designed to the two-phase electric furnace with two grooves, a single-phase groove.

The little figure that sees accompanying drawing 7 right sides is depicted as the installation situation of heater R in groove, it is not installed in the trough 17 around song cover porcelain tube bc by heating wire 6d, among Fig. 3,4,5,7,86 for heater be R1R2R3 among Fig. 1,7,8, it originates in porcelain seat 3 places that the top of crucible among Fig. 4,5,7 limit portion connects power firestreak, is distributed in the crucible outer wall groove multi-turn several circles that circle round to the bottom again and 1: 15 connects the center line electronegative potential finally.

See that accompanying drawing 4 high-temperature electric resistance furnaces make cooling layer outside the fire-resistant mud layer 13 notice's sidewall of crucible of crucible external application, the outer temperature of fire clay is reduced to below 900 degree, thermal insulation layer is made with alumina silicate fiber felt 7.8 insulations, recycle silicon acid magnesium 9 in the back, makes furnace shell reduce to room temperature.Low-temperature furnace and heat treatment electric furnace during accompanying drawing 3.5 is depicted as, be affixed on the crucible outer wall with alumina silicate fiber felt and make heat-insulation layer shown among Fig. 3 .5 7.8,9 make thermal insulation layer among recycle silicon acid magnesium Fig. 3 .5, make furnace shell reduce to room temperature, 10 is the electric stove metal shell among Fig. 3,4,5,2 are the furnace shell lid, and 4 is power supply lead wire.

Be installed in safety utilization of electric power on the crucible, three heating wire R among Fig. 1 in order to solve heating wire ₁R ₂R ₃Connect with three-phase bifurcation shape; Heating wire limit portion above crucible connects among power supply high potential such as Fig. 3,4,53, and the center line electronegative potential connects crucible bottom in some Fig. 8 15; Meet short circuit breaker device transformer T in the accompanying drawing 1 between center line and the zero line; Power supply is selected automatic air-break switch DW for use, and three live wires meet fuse L ₃L ₄L ₅, establish insulation board 11 between crucible 5 and the pedestal 12 in the accompanying

drawing

3,4,5, so that the short circuit breaker device is installed.

See connect between the center line and zero line in the accompanying drawing 1 in line transformer T, transformer secondary output meets fuse L ₁With semiconductor diode D ₄, fuse L ₁Incoming transport contactor J again ₁, J ₂In the coil circuit; Middle line transformer transformation ratio can be used 1:0.8, and the selection in the number of turn and line footpath is not to influence effect neutral grounded, and center line is fusible fuse L for charged 30 volts ₁Be principle; Semiconductor diode D ₄Rise and strengthen fuse L ₁L is worked as in the effect of shunt circuit impedance ₁D during fusing ₄Seal in the ac contactor coil circuit, because of D ₄The step-down of backward resistance, J ₁J ₂Can not work and cut off the electricity supply D among Fig. 1 ₁D ₂D ₃Be buck diode.

The utility model electric furnace for heating crucible to improve the industrial furnace utilization efficiency of heat energy as problem, to reduce heat transfer link and to dwindle radiating surface as thinking, utilizes the heat insulating material insulation; This electric furnace utilization efficiency of heat energy is higher than power frequency induction furnace, economizes on electricity about half than well-type electric furnace. Cost only has with 1/2nd of power well-type electric furnace, also have characteristics in light weight, that volume is little, power factor (PF) is high, temperature rise is fast, be a kind ofly can replace crucible electrical resistance furnace fully, well formula resistor furnace for heat treatment partly replaces the infant industry electric furnace of power frequency induction furnace.

Claims

1, crucible hot body electric furnace, be that a kind of heating wire is installed in the crucible outer wall groove, heating power is to object heat fused in the crucible and the device of heat-treating, this installs its feature: be the groove that the rib-loop shape distributes is processed in concave bottom, sunken bottom, flat crucible outer wall and bottom lower floor, the heating wire of mounting strap insulating barrier in the groove, the heating wire head above crucible connects high potential, and the head of below connects electronegative potential, crucible peripheral hardware heat-insulation layer, crucible and heat-insulation layer place in the metal shell; Metal pedestal is established in below, shell middle part, and insulation cover is established in the below, also is provided with power distribution cabinet and Electrical Safety device.

2, crucible hot body electric furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the metal molten crucible is that uncovered heavy wall broadside garden is barrel-shaped, and with the pig iron, heat resisting steel or nonmetallic materials processing, the shape of crucible inner bottom part has two kinds of concave bottom and sunken bottoms; The metal heat treatmet crucible is the flat uncovered shape of enlarging heavy wall broadside, processes with the pig iron or heat resisting steel.

3, crucible hot body electric furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the groove that the rib-loop shape distributes, and initially from crucible outer wall top extends to the bottom around the crucible outer wall and stops, the cross section of groove is rectangle or half garden shape, three-phase is established three grooves, and two-phase is two grooves, and single-phase is a groove.

4, crucible hot body electric furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that heating wire does not add insulating barrier around song and is installed in crucible outer wall and the bottom groove, the heating wire of the crucible top origin or beginning line of starting to exchange fire, the electric heating wire connection center line of lower terminal end.

5, crucible hot body electric furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that high-temperature electric resistance furnace crucible peripheral hardware fire clay cooling layer, alumina silicate fibre heat-insulation layer, magnesium silicate thermal insulation layer.Middle low-temperature furnace and heat treatment electric furnace crucible peripheral hardware alumina silicate fibre heat-insulation layer, the magnesium silicate thermal insulation layer.

6, crucible hot body electric furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that three heating wire are connected into three-phase bifurcation shape, and heating wire connects the power supply high potential on crucible top.The bottom connects the center line electronegative potential, connects the short circuit breaker device between center line and the zero line, and power supply is selected automatic air-break switch for use, and three live wires connect fuse.

7, short circuit breaker device according to claim 6 is characterized in that connecing middle line transformer between center line and the zero line, and transformer secondary output connects fuse and semiconductor diode, and this fuse seals in the ac contactor coil circuit again.