CN208188032U - Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor - Google Patents
Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN208188032U CN208188032U CN201820709422.XU CN201820709422U CN208188032U CN 208188032 U CN208188032 U CN 208188032U CN 201820709422 U CN201820709422 U CN 201820709422U CN 208188032 U CN208188032 U CN 208188032U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of tubular type TDR soil moisture sensors, it from top to bottom include top closure, interface module, several ring-shaped probe modules, bottom cover, it further include several nonmetallic sealing nut modules and several blank pipe modules, interface module one end is connect with top closure, the other end is connect by sealing nut module with a blank pipe module one end, the blank pipe module other end is connected by sealing nut module with a ring-shaped probe module, and bottom ring-shaped probe module is connect by external screw thread with bottom cover；It is attached between adjacent two ring-shaped probes module by sealing nut module, ring-shaped probe module is connect by sealing nut module with blank pipe module；Ring-shaped probe inside modules SMA conversion socket is connect by connecting line with SMA conversion socket in interface module.The present invention can detect soil profile multi-layer Soil moisture value simultaneously, and site operation is convenient and efficient, flexible in application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrographic data recording device technical fields, are related to soil moisture sensor, more specifically, are
It is related to a kind of tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor that can detect soil profile different soil depth moisture simultaneously.
Background technique
Soil moisture measurement common technology has artificial oven drying method, Method of Dielectric Coefficient, NEUTRON METHOD etc., mainly adopts in engineering project
With the frequency domain method FDR or time domain method TDR etc. in Method of Dielectric Coefficient.Currently, the probe structure form of time domain method TDR sensor is whole
It is staight needle form, the quantity of staight needle has 2 needles, 3 needles and spininess form, when measuring the soil moisture of soil profile different depth,
Excavation pit is needed, the staight needle of staight needle sensor is horizontally inserted into soil profile different soils depth level, considers manual operation
Space, the excavation size of foundation pit is larger, the larger workload of digging in-situ, increases the difficulty of construction, and soil disturbance also compares
It is larger.Engineering practice is learnt, it is desirable to the embedded soil excavated volume of spot sensor wants small, is preferably adapted to drilling and buries, and one
Soil disturbance is reduced, two improve in-site installation efficiency；It is further desirable that sensor has while measuring different soil depth water
The ability divided, convenient for monitoring Soil Moisture Distribution.But existing TDR sensor is not possible to meet the above demand.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, it is embedded to be applicable to drilling the invention discloses a kind of tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor
Installation, facilitates site operation；Multi-layer Soil depth moisture, actual monitoring soil water movement rule can also be monitored simultaneously.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor, from top to bottom include top closure, interface module, several ring-shaped probe modules,
Bottom cover, further includes several nonmetallic sealing nut modules and several blank pipe modules, and described interface module one end and top are sealed
Lid connection, the other end are connect by sealing nut module with a blank pipe module one end, and the blank pipe module other end passes through sealing
Nut module is connected with a ring-shaped probe module, and bottom ring-shaped probe module is connect by external screw thread with bottom cover；
It is attached between adjacent two ring-shaped probes module by sealing nut module
Or
, ring-shaped probe module connect by sealing nut module with blank pipe module；
The interface module includes nonmetallic installing pipe and several SMA conversion sockets for being arranged in inside installing pipe；
The blank pipe module includes the nonmetallic installing pipe of interior sky；
The ring-shaped probe module includes nonmetallic installing pipe, ring-shaped probe component and is arranged in inside installing pipe
SMA conversion socket；The ring-shaped probe component includes three metal ring probes equably covered outside installing pipe, a metal
Positioning insertion pin, two metal fitting nails, metal installation pedestal and insulated ring, wherein metal installation pedestal is arranged in installing pipe
Portion；Metal ring probe one end has circular hole, and metal positioning insertion pin passes through through-hole, installing pipe side wall, metal on intermediate probe
It is connected to SMA conversion socket after installation pedestal and has with SMA conversion socket and is electrically connected, the insulated ring setting is positioned in metal
Contact pin and metal installation pedestal contact portion realize the insulation of contact pin and pedestal, and metal fitting nail is for both sides probe to be fixed on
In metal installation pedestal；The SMA conversion socket of ring-shaped probe inside modules passes through the SMA conversion plug in connecting line and interface module
Seat connection.
Further, the SMA conversion socket of ring-shaped probe inside modules is converted by the SMA in connecting line and interface module
Socket connects one to one.
Further, the interface module both ends all have external screw thread, and the blank pipe module and ring-shaped probe module are
Biggish one end has external screw thread, and lesser one end outer diameter matches with biggish one end internal diameter, and capping has and interface module
The internal screw thread to match with ring-shaped probe module external screw thread, sealing nut module has to be visited with interface module, blank pipe module, annular
The internal screw thread that pin module external screw thread matches.
Further, the blank pipe module and the biggish one end of ring-shaped probe module are provided with boss.
Further, the boss is two, is symmetrical arranged.
Further, the connecting line is coaxial cable.
Further, the circular hole that positioning pin passes through on the through-hole and nonmetallic installing pipe on metal ring probe protrudes into pipe
In metal installation pedestal, and fixed by nut.
Further, nonmetallic materials PVC.
Further, metal material is stainless steel.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
1. the present invention can directly bury in the soil, soil profile multi-layer Soil moisture value, every Layer Detection can be detected simultaneously
Depth is 10 cm layer of soil, and on-line monitoring soil water movement rule monitors automatically for flood-control and drought relief, meteorological data and provides technology
Support, site operation is convenient and efficient, improves installation effectiveness.
2, the present invention is designed using full non-metal shell, is minimized to the electromagnetic signal transmitted in ring-shaped probe
Interference promotes the sensitivity and precision of ring-shaped probe detection soil moisture, considers that sensor will be embedded in underground, Quan Feijin for a long time
Belong to housing design can very good solution waterproof, antirust, anti-corrosion the problem of, significant increase sensor service life.
3. it is of the invention whole using Modular assembled design, the die sinking expense of large mold can be reduced, module is passed through
Assembling splicing, facilitate production and processing and the on-demand customization of product, reduce product cost to greatest extent, improve product competitiveness and
Flexibility.
4. present invention can apply in the projects such as flood-control and drought relief, the hydrology, meteorology, geotechnical engineering to the online prison of soil moisture
It surveys, promotes China's soil moisture automatic Weather Station monitoring technology level, market application prospect is wide.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor overall structure diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is ring-shaped probe module side view.
Fig. 3 is ring-shaped probe module cross-sectional view.
Description of symbols:
1- seals cover module, 2- interface module, 3- sealing nut module, 4- blank pipe module, 5- ring-shaped probe module, 6- peace
Tubulature, 7- ring-shaped probe, 8- positioning insertion pin, 9- installation pedestal, 10- nylon insulated ring, 11- notch, 12- boss, 13-SMA turn
Insert seat, 14- coaxial cable jumper.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that following specific
Embodiment is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor provided by the invention is designed using Modular assembled, it is each
Component composition includes that two PVC seal cover module 1, interface module 2, several PVC sealing nut modules 3, several PVC blank pipe modules
4, several ring-shaped probe modules 5.In Fig. 1, using three ring-shaped probe modules 5, and cooperate two blank pipe modules by ring-shaped probe
Module navigates to the depth for needing to monitor.There are PVC sealing cover module 1, interface module 2, PVC close respectively from top to bottom in Fig. 1
Seal nut module 3, PVC blank pipe module 4, PVC sealing nut module 3, ring-shaped probe module 5, PVC sealing nut module 3, annular
Probe module 5, PVC sealing nut module 3, PVC blank pipe module 4, PVC sealing nut module 3, ring-shaped probe module 5, PVC are close
Capping module 1.
PVC sealing cover module includes PVC short tube and the rubber seal that short tube interface is arranged in, and is arranged on sensor top
The PVC sealing cover module at end is connect by internal screw thread with interface module.
Interface module includes PVC installing pipe and several SMA conversion sockets for being arranged in inside PVC installing pipe, and each SMA turns
It inserts seat to connect by 50 Ω coaxial cable jumpers with a ring-shaped probe module, therefore the quantity of SMA conversion socket and annular
Probe module quantity is identical.There are three ring-shaped probe modules in this example, therefore the quantity of SMA conversion socket is also in interface module
Three, connection-peg is exposed to outside interface module tube wall, is exported convenient for data.The screw thread that PVC installs tube end in interface module leads to
Sealing nut is crossed to connect with other components.
PVC sealing nut module includes rubber seal, is realized by the rubber ring at both ends for connecting adjacent block
Sealing.
PVC blank pipe module is one section of PVC blank pipe, long for replacing ring-shaped probe module position or extension tubular type sensor
Degree, end has screw thread to connect with adjacent component.
Ring-shaped probe module includes PVC installing pipe 6, stainless steel annular probe assembly and is arranged inside PVC installing pipe
SMA conversion socket 13 etc., soil moisture is detected by ring-shaped probe.Ring-shaped probe module is the core for detecting soil moisture
Part, the moisture of each detectable 10 cm thick soil of ring-shaped probe module are realized and phase by the screw thread of end, sealing nut
The connection of adjacent ring-shaped probe module or PVC blank pipe.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, stainless steel annular probe assembly includes three stainless steels in ring-shaped probe module
Ring-shaped probe 7, one stainless steel positioning insertion pin 8, two stainless steel positioning pin, stainless steel installation pedestal 9, nylon insulated ring 10.
As shown in Fig. 2, three stainless steel ring-shaped probes equably cover outside PVC installing pipe, be equipped in pipe stainless steel installation pedestal,
The components such as SMA conversion socket and 50 Ω coaxial cable lines.It is substantially fully wrapped around by soil around ring-shaped probe, in ring-shaped probe
Side is that (PVC dielectric constant is 2.89 to advanced low-k materials, and the dielectric constant of air is that 1), this structure design ensure that ring
The measuring accuracy of shape probe.Probe is designed using circular ring shape, and probe interior diameter is identical as PVC installing pipe overall diameter, guarantees annular
Probe and PVC protecting tube exact contact, ring-shaped probe has a notch 11 (notch radian is about 30 ° -80 °), conducive to signal
It is accurate to capture, and effectively avoid signal interference.Ring-shaped probe uses the parallel installation form of 3 needles, and ring needle uses stainless steel material, interior
Diameter and installation pipe outside diameter are adapted, and Zhou Changwei 150mm, ring needle spacing is 25mm, these structure size design datas can be reduced
It is interfered between electric signal, improves measurement accuracy.Through-hole is all had on each stainless steel ring-shaped probe, is also had therewith in PVC installing pipe
Corresponding three through-holes, stainless steel positioning insertion pin one end are placed through through-hole and PVC on intermediate stainless steel ring-shaped probe
Through-hole in installing pipe protrudes into the stainless steel installation pedestal in PVC installing pipe, and is installed by nylon insulated ring and stainless steel
Pedestal realizes insulation, which connect with the core wire copper pipe conductor inside SMA conversion socket, realizes the biography of electromagnetic signal
It is defeated.Two positioning pins are each passed through on the end circular hole and PVC installing pipe in the stainless steel ring-shaped probe on intermediate annular probe both sides
Circular hole protrude into pipe in stainless steel installation pedestal, and fixed by nut, two probes are fixed on installation by stainless steel positioning pin
Guan Shang.Stainless steel installation pedestal is connected to by intermediate threaded hole with the shell of SMA conversion socket, is realized and 50 Ω coaxial cables
The connection of shielded layer, SMA conversion socket in ring-shaped probe module by 50 Ω coaxial cable jumpers 14 in interface module
The connection of SMA conversion socket realizes the electric signal output of detection soil moisture, is connected to TDR finally by 50 Ω coaxial cables and surveys
Host is tried, realizes the on-line measurement of soil moisture.
Each ring-shaped probe can test the soil moisture of 10 cm layer of soil, the number of plies can be detected according to soil, flexibly assembly ring
Shape probe module, the soil thickness for not needing monitoring are filled with PVC blank pipe module, can choose multiple PVC blank pipe moulds as needed
Block is sequentially connected in series to avoid longer a distance without monitoring soil layer.
Ring-shaped probe module is preferably identical as PVC blank pipe block length, is 10cm, and both ends mounting structure is also identical, adopts
It is designed with size header structure as shown in Figure 3, enlarged head, which sets up separately, to be equipped with special spanner and tighten boss 12, and boss is two, symmetrically
Setting, cooperation special spanner use.PVC sealing nut and PVC sealing cover are locked with special spanner simultaneously, people can be prevented on foot
Hand realizes the reliability of sensor outdoor installation with regard to openable sensor.Major part has external screw thread, and when splicing, microcephaly is inserted part
Enter inside the major part of adjacent elements, two pieces connects PVC sealing nut module (including rubber seal), PVC sealing nut module
Internal rubber seal is squeezed, in fact by rotating PVC sealing nut with the internal screw thread adapted to aforementioned enlarged head split-phase
The waterproof sealing of existing connecting portion.Since concentric reducer designs, lesser one end outer diameter matches with biggish one end internal diameter,
It is inserted into major part using microcephaly, annular module, blank pipe module can be sequentially connected in series.Interface module both ends are major part, both ends
It is provided with special spanner and tightens boss 12, when being connect with adjacent elements, the microcephaly of adjacent elements is inserted into interface module one end
Portion, two pieces connect PVC sealing nut module (including rubber seal), by rotating PVC sealing nut, squeeze internal rubber
Glue sealing ring, realizes the waterproof sealing of connecting portion, and in Fig. 1, blank pipe microcephaly is inserted into the one end of interface module far from top closure
It is interior.The PVC sealing cover module on interface module, which is arranged in, has internal screw thread, rubber seal is inside set, by tightening PVC sealing
Lid squeezes internal rubber seal and is tightly attached on the outside of internal PVC short tube, realizes the sealing of upper port；Bottom annular is visited
The enlarged head enfeoffment mouth of pin module using PVC seal cover module, likewise, capping module have with outside ring-shaped probe module major part
The internal screw thread that screw thread matches squeezes internal rubber seal and is tightly attached to internal PVC short tube by tightening PVC sealing cover
The sealing of lower port is realized in outside.
The utility model integrally uses Modular assembled to design, wherein ring-shaped probe module, PVC blank pipe module, interface
Module, PVC sealing cover module, PVC sealing nut module etc. can according to need flexible combination.It can be seen from figure 1 that ring-shaped probe mould
Block, PVC blank pipe module have a pvc pipe in interface module, and certainly, PVC is not unique feasible material, as long as low dielectric is normal
Several nonmetallic materials may be incorporated for manufacture above-mentioned tubular body, such as seal rubber, high-strength PVC etc..PVC sealing cover module,
PVC sealing nut module is also made of PVC material, likewise, the nonmetallic materials of other low-ks can also be substituted for.
Advanced low-k materials can minimize the interference to the electromagnetic signal transmitted in ring-shaped probe, promote ring-shaped probe and visit
Survey the sensitivity and precision of soil moisture.Consider that sensor will be embedded in underground for a long time, full non-metal shell design can be good
Solve the problems, such as waterproof, antirust, anti-corrosion, significant increase sensor service life.Metal part in sensor is 50 Ω same
The emulation of core conductor and metal screen layer extends in shaft cable, if intermediate annular probe is that core conductor prolongs in 50 Ω coaxial cables
It stretches, the ring-shaped probe of two sides is that the emulation of 50 Ω coaxial cable metal screen layers extends, ring-shaped probe module and interface mould
Other metalworks in block are only to realize that core conductor and metal screen layer connect with the conducting of corresponding ring-shaped probe in 50 Ω coaxial cables
It connects.Metal part in this sensor is made of stainless steel, as needed, can also use other electric conductive dustproof metal substitute systems
It makes.
When using this tubular soil moisture sensor, hole drilling type can be used or the excavation type two ways scene of carrying out is buried,
Second sealing nut is enabled to be located at ground after burying well, the blank pipe module basseted is used to interface module raising a spacing
From convenient for operation.Three ring-shaped probes can monitor the moisture data of 10 centimetres, 20 centimetres, 40 centimetres three soil layers simultaneously respectively
It is exported by SMA conversion socket, 50 Ω coaxial cables to TDR Test host, is filled at 30 cm layer of soil with PVC blank pipe module.
This sensor, which can according to need, chooses corresponding ring-shaped probe module and blank pipe module is attached, such as: when needing to monitor
When the moisture data of 10 centimetres, 40 centimetres two soil layers, blank pipe module is filled at 20 centimetres and 30 cm layer of soil, the two
Blank pipe module is connected by sealing nut each other.When the moisture for needing to monitor 10 centimetres, 20 centimetres, 30 centimetres three soil layers
When data, then it is not necessary that blank pipe is arranged between ring-shaped probe module.
This sensor operating principles uses Time Domain Reflectometry principle.Time Domain Reflectometry principle (Time Domain
Reflectometry, TDR) last century the '30s are resulted from, initially it is used to the impaired position of detection and orientation and communication cable
It sets, last century the seventies discovery TDR technology can measure soil volumetric water content, and from after last century the eighties, the technology
Gradually develop to geotechnical engineering field, mainly in measurement water content of soil and dry density, monitoring Landslide Stability, compacted soil quality
The features such as control etc. is applied, and with convenient, and safety is economic, digitlization and long-range control and attract attention.
When an electromagnetic pulse pumping signal is along transmission line, the interruption of transmission line impaired or periphery substance does not connect
Continuous property can cause the variation of its impedance, and the signal that will lead to transmission is generated one by the variation of this impedance at this discontinuity point
A reflection, the journey time by accurate measurement electromagnetic wave incident wave and back wave is poor, then can accurately determine that this does not connect
The position of continuous point.The spread speed v of frequency electromagnetic waves in the medium and apparent dielectric constant KaBetween meet following relationship:
Wherein: c=3x108Meter per second is the light velocity
Dielectric constant is higher, and speed is slower, and soil is made of air, mineral grain and water etc., the dielectric constant of air
It is 1, the dielectric constant of mineral grain is 2-4, and the dielectric constant of water is 80, due to the difference in dielectric constant with water other in soil
Very big, the transmission speed for burying electromagnetic wave in ribbon feeder in the soil is highly dependent on soil moisture content, Canada's science
The famous empirical equation that family G.C.TOPP was provided in 1980 describes apparent dielectric constant K wellaWith soil volume of aqueous
Rate θvBetween relationship:
θv=4Sx10-6Ka3-5.5x10-4Ka2+2.92x10-2Ka-5.3x10-2 (2)
This is TOPP formula famous in the industry, this using TDR technology measurement moisture but also be possibly realized.
The high frequency electromagnetic wave signal generated by TDR instrument (is visited by the sensor that coaxial cable inputs in insertion soil
Needle), since the change of impedance generates first reflection point, electromagnetic wave signal continues to move ahead along sensor (probe), reaches length
The second secondary reflection is generated for the probe end of L, reflection wave signal sends back TDR instrument along sensor, if it is assumed that electromagnetic wave edge
The time of sensor transmissions and reflection is Δ t, then has:To:
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes
Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
For, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also considered as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor, it is characterised in that: from top to bottom include top closure, interface module, several annulars
Probe module, bottom cover further include several nonmetallic sealing nut modules and several blank pipe modules, described interface module one end
It is connect with top closure, the other end is connect by sealing nut module with a blank pipe module one end, the blank pipe module other end
It is connected by sealing nut module with a ring-shaped probe module, bottom ring-shaped probe module is connected by external screw thread and bottom cover
It connects；
It is attached between adjacent two ring-shaped probes module by sealing nut module
Or
Ring-shaped probe module is connect by sealing nut module with blank pipe module；
The interface module includes nonmetallic installing pipe and several SMA conversion sockets for being arranged in inside installing pipe；
The blank pipe module includes the nonmetallic installing pipe of interior sky；
The ring-shaped probe module includes that nonmetallic installing pipe, ring-shaped probe component and the SMA being arranged in inside installing pipe turn
Insert seat；The ring-shaped probe component includes three metal ring probes equably covered outside installing pipe, a metal positioning
Contact pin, two metal fitting nails, metal installation pedestal and insulated ring, wherein metal installation pedestal is arranged inside installing pipe；Gold
Belonging to ring-shaped probe one end has circular hole, and metal positioning insertion pin passes through through-hole, installing pipe side wall, metal on intermediate probe and installs base
Be connected to SMA conversion socket after seat and have with SMA conversion socket and be electrically connected, insulated ring setting metal positioning insertion pin with
Metal installation pedestal contact portion realizes the insulation of contact pin and pedestal, and metal fitting nail is used to for both sides probe to be fixed on metal peace
It fills on pedestal；The SMA conversion socket of ring-shaped probe inside modules is connected by the SMA conversion socket in connecting line and interface module
It connects.
2. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: ring-shaped probe inside modules
SMA conversion socket is connected one to one by connecting line and the SMA conversion socket in interface module.
3. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the interface module both ends are equal
With external screw thread, the blank pipe module and ring-shaped probe module are that biggish one end has external screw thread, lesser one end outer diameter
Match with biggish one end internal diameter, covering has the internal screw thread to match with interface module and ring-shaped probe module external screw thread,
Sealing nut module has the internal screw thread to match with interface module, blank pipe module, ring-shaped probe module external screw thread.
4. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the blank pipe module and annular
The biggish one end of probe module is provided with boss.
5. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the boss is two, symmetrically
Setting.
6. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the connecting line is coaxial electrical
Cable.
7. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: positioning pin passes through metal ring
The circular hole on through-hole and nonmetallic installing pipe on probe protrudes into pipe in metal installation pedestal, and is fixed by nut.
8. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: nonmetallic materials PVC.
9. tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: metal material is stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820709422.XU CN208188032U (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820709422.XU CN208188032U (en) | 2018-05-14 | 2018-05-14 | Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensor |
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| CN208188032U true CN208188032U (en) | 2018-12-04 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108709917A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-26 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensors |
| CN114894850A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-12 | 河海大学 | Monitoring probe and monitoring method suitable for underground water in coastal intertidal zone |
-
2018
- 2018-05-14 CN CN201820709422.XU patent/CN208188032U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108709917A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-10-26 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Tubular type TDR soil moisture sensors |
| CN114894850A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-08-12 | 河海大学 | Monitoring probe and monitoring method suitable for underground water in coastal intertidal zone |
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Effective date of registration: 20190625 Address after: 210 000 No. 95 Tiexinqiao Street, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Co-patentee after: Jiangsu Nanshui Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Nanjing Water Conservancy & Hydrology Automatization Inst., Ministry of Water Co Address before: 210 000 No. 95 Tiexinqiao Street, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: Nanjing Water Conservancy & Hydrology Automatization Inst., Ministry of Water Co |
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