CN208150892U - Hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck, hydraulic station takes oil from fuel tank, and the left and right end oil inlet and outlet that the steering cylinder of steeraxle rotation is driven in steering mechanism is connected to by oil pipe, drives steeraxle rotation by Oil pressure；It is cooperatively connected between hydraulic station and the steering wheel of operating mechanism by EPS motor and EPS controller.The utility model provides power steering by hydraulic station for steering mechanism, will turn to oil circuit and separates from the working connection that driving elevating mechanism is gone up and down, simplifies the oil piping system of fork truck.And it is connected between operating mechanism and steering mechanism by EPS motor and EPS controller, can reduce and turn to torsion.

Description

Hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck

Technical field

The utility model relates to fork truck more particularly to a kind of hydraulic power-assisted steering fork trucks.

Background technique

Fork truck is industrial transportation vehicle, refer to pallet cargo is loaded and unloaded, stacking and short distance transportation operation Various wheeled transport vehicles.

Fork truck is needed in small job space, for this kind of fork trucks, for the flexibility of operation and to working space It is required that needing to reduce as far as possible the volume of fork truck, however, fork truck volume-diminished, causes the operating space of driver also to subtract therewith It is small, influence the operating comfort of operator.In addition small size fork truck causes layout relatively tight because of the limitation of design space It gathers, it is also quite inconvenient for detection, maintenance and maintenance.

Meanwhile it is existing using battery powered fork truck, generally use lead-acid battery.Since the volume of lead-acid battery is larger, Battery is generally located on the position on fork truck close to cockpit, positioned at the lower section of operating seat.In this way, shared by one side battery Space is big, causes the volume of fork truck larger；The replacement of another aspect battery is needed by loop wheel machine, very inconvenient.

It on the other hand, is to rely on master as shown in figure 5, electri forklift in the prior art is generally based on mechanical steering The hydraulic power-assisted steering of oil circuit connects steering mechanism by universal joint under steering wheel, this is hydraulic rotation most widely used at present It is designed to connection structure.Steering wheel rotation finally drives diverter to rotate, and is directly provided and is helped by mechanical-hydraulic-machinery mode Power.Such steering mode must rely on the power of pump motor, so that pump motor a moment is ceaselessly working, in this way in energy consumption And waste very much, and the torsion of hand steering wheel rotation be also it is comparable big, be also for the worker of long-time operation Quite tired.Another kind is the independent electronic power assist steering for increasing steering motor.But the former energy consumption is excessive, and operability is poor, The latter is only applied to three fulcrum forklifts of single driving due to mechanical structure limitation mostly at present.

Utility model content

To solve the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of hydraulic power-assisted steering fork trucks, turn to not The power by pump motor is needed, fork truck oil circuit is simple；And it is connected, can be reduced by electric signal between steering wheel and steering mechanism Steering torque.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model uses technical solution below：

Hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck, including car body, car body are equipped with operating mechanism, steering mechanism and hydraulic mechanism, manipulation Mechanism includes steering wheel；Steering mechanism includes steeraxle (61) and the deflecting roller (62) being mounted on steeraxle, steeraxle with turn It is connected to oil cylinder；Hydraulic mechanism includes fuel tank and hydraulic station, and hydraulic station (86) takes oil from fuel tank (81), and is connected to by oil pipe The left and right end oil inlet and outlet that the steering cylinder of steeraxle rotation is driven in steering mechanism, is turned to by hydraulic station (86) oil pressure actuated Bridge (61) rotation；Pass through EPS motor (64) and EPS controller between hydraulic station (86) and the steering wheel (421) of operating mechanism (65) it is cooperatively connected；EPS motor (64) is mounted in the rotation axis of steering wheel (421), and steering wheel (421) drives while rotation The rotation of EPS motor (64) shaft, EPS controller (65) are connect with hydraulic station (86), and EPS controller (65) receives EPS motor (64) signal, and oil pressure is entered to according to the signal left chamber or the right chamber of steering cylinder.

Preferably, steering mechanism includes the steering potentiometer (63) for monitoring steered wheel rotation angle.

Preferably, hydraulic mechanism includes tank filler (85), tank filler (85) is connect by oil pipe with fuel tank, It is external that tank filler (85) exposes car body (1).

Preferably, hydraulic mechanism (8) includes solenoid valve (82), gear pump (83) and pump motor (84), pump motor (84) It connect with gear pump (83), is connect between gear pump (83) and fuel tank (81) by oil pipe, gear pump (83) passes through solenoid valve (82) elevating mechanism (2) are connected to.

Above-mentioned hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck provides power steering by hydraulic station for steering mechanism, will turn to oil circuit from drive It is separated in the working connection of dynamic elevating mechanism lifting, simplifies the oil piping system of fork truck.And operating mechanism and steering mechanism Between connect with EPS controller by EPS motor, steering torsion can be reduced.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of fork truck in the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of fork truck another side in the utility model.

Fig. 3 is the schematic layout pattern of each component on car body.

Fig. 4 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of driving mechanism in the utility model.

Fig. 5 is the functional block diagram of fork-truck steering in the prior art.

Fig. 6 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of hydraulic power-assisted steering in the utility model.

Fig. 7 is the functional block diagram of hydraulic power-assisted steering in the utility model.

Fig. 8 is the structure chart of battery case and plug-in and pull-out device in the utility model.

Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of lockable mechanism in the utility model.

The schematic diagram that Figure 10 is connected between battery case and electric control part by plug-in and pull-out device.

Figure 11 is the scheme of installation of car body and upper counterweight, lower counterweight.

Figure 12 is enlarged drawing at the D in Figure 11.

Wherein：1, car body, 11, partition, 12, installation cavity, 121, idler wheel, 122, slot, 13, upper counterweight, 14, lower counterweight, 15, back side panel, 16, seat support, 2, elevating mechanism, 21, hoisting rack, 22, pallet fork, 3, safe canopy, 4, cockpit, 41, vehicle seat, 42, operating mechanism, 421, steering wheel, 5, driving mechanism, 51, driving wheel, 52, driving gearbox, 53, driving motor 54, electromagnetism Brake, 6, steering mechanism, 61, steeraxle, 62, deflecting roller, 63, steering potentiometer, 64, EPS motor, 65, EPS controller, 7, electrical control mechanism, 71, lithium battery box, 711, step, 712, bolt, 713, socket, 714, copper sheathing, 715, positioning column, 716, Handle, 72, controller, 73, plug-in and pull-out device, 731, cable connector, 74, connecting cable, 75, contactor, 8, hydraulic mechanism, 81, oil Case, 82, solenoid valve, 83, gear pump, 84, pump motor, 85, tank filler, 86, hydraulic station.

Specific embodiment

The preferred embodiment of this patent is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.Wherein arrow is signified in figure Direction is the front side of car body.

Lithium battery fork truck as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including car body 1 are equipped with elevating mechanism 2, elevating mechanism 2 on front side of car body 1 The pallet fork 22 being arranged on hoisting rack including hoisting rack 21 and lifting.It is equipped with cockpit 4 above car body 1, is equipped in cockpit 4 solid The vehicle seat 41 and operating mechanism 42 being scheduled on car body 1.Safe canopy 3 is equipped in the present embodiment on the outside of cockpit, safe canopy 3 is solid It is scheduled on 1 top of car body.41 lower part of car body is equipped with driving mechanism 5, steering mechanism 6, electrical control mechanism 7 and hydraulic mechanism 8.

Lithium battery fork truck in the present embodiment is driven using two front wheels, after two-wheel turns to side by side three fulcrum structures.Three Point fork truck refers to by three supporting points the fork truck for supporting entire fork truck weight, wherein three supporting points are respectively two front-wheel institutes A supporting point at intermediate position after two supporting points and vehicle that constitute.Three fulcrum forklifts are for four fulcrum forklifts, tool Have identical stability, but the steering of three fulcrum forklifts is more flexible, especially the small 360 degree of steerings in space when, can more embody Flexibility.Two front wheels drive powerful, and climbing capacity is strong.

As shown in figure 3, driving mechanism 5 is mounted on Vehicular body front, driving mechanism include driving wheel 51 and respectively with two Driving gearbox 52, driving motor 53 and the electromagnetic brake 54 that driving wheel 51 connects.The output axis connection electricity of driving motor 53 Magnetic brake 54 and driving gearbox 52, driving gearbox 52 connect driving wheel 51.54 electricity of operating mechanism 42 and electromagnetic brake Connection, fork truck are stable and safe and reliable using electronics servobrake braking ability.

As shown in Fig. 3,6 and 7, steering mechanism 6 is for realizing fork-truck steering function.Steering mechanism includes steeraxle 61, two A deflecting roller 62 and steering potentiometer 63.Steeraxle 61 is mounted on 1 rear side middle part of car body, and steeraxle 61 is under steering cylinder effect It can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, the left and right end hydraulic fluid port of steering cylinder is connected respectively to hydraulic mechanism 8, is driven by hydraulic mechanism 8 61 left-right rotation of steeraxle.Two rotating wheels 62 or so are mounted side by side on steeraxle 61, and the rotation of steeraxle 61 drives rotating wheel 62 rotate together.It turns to potentiometer 63 and is mounted on 61 upper end of steeraxle, turn to potentiometer 63 and connect with electrical control mechanism 7, supervised in real time The rotational angle for controlling deflecting roller 63 passes angle signal when turning to potentiometer 63 and collecting deflecting roller direction to first retainer Defeated to arrive electrical control mechanism, electrical control mechanism 7 limits control 8 overflow of hydraulic mechanism, so that controlling deflecting roller 62 can not oversteering.Generally For, above-mentioned first retainer is 90 °.Meanwhile electrical control mechanism 7 can also after receiving angle signal to the travel speed of fork truck into Row adjustment has reached the function that turning is slowed down.

Hydraulic mechanism 8 divides for lifting oil circuit and turns to oil circuit two parts, and the lifting oil circuit includes fuel tank 81, solenoid valve 82, gear pump 83 and pump motor 84, the lifting oil circuit in hydraulic mechanism 8 are that elevating mechanism 2 provides power, pump motor 84 and gear 83 connection of pump, is connected between gear pump 83 and fuel tank 81 by oil pipe, gear pump 83 is connected to elevating mechanism by solenoid valve 82 2.Pump motor 84 drives gear pump 83 to work, and gear pump 83 takes oil from fuel tank 81, controls elevating mechanism 2 by multipath electrovalve 82 Work.Turning to oil circuit is that steering mechanism 6 provides power steering, and turning to oil circuit includes the hydraulic station 86 connecting with fuel tank, hydraulic station 86 take oil from fuel tank 81, and are connected to by oil pipe and the left and right end of the steering cylinder of steeraxle rotation is driven to pass in and out in steering mechanism Hydraulic fluid port is rotated by 86 oil pressure actuated steeraxle 61 of hydraulic station.Each component concentrated setting in oil circuit is gone up and down in the middle part of car body Left or right side turns to the hydraulic station in oil circuit and is arranged on rear side of car body close to steering mechanism's setting, and hydraulic station passes through oil pipe and connects The fuel tank being connected in lifting oil circuit takes oil.Hydraulic mechanism further includes tank filler 85, and tank filler is independently of lifting oil circuit Expose on the outside of car body, convenient for by refueling in tank filler case mailbox.

It is cooperatively connected between hydraulic station 86 and the steering wheel 421 of operating mechanism by EPS motor 64 and EPS controller 65, Wherein, EPS motor 64 is mounted in the rotation axis of steering wheel 421, and 64 shaft of EPS motor is driven while steering wheel 421 rotates It rotates, the EPS motor in the present embodiment is stepper motor；EPS controller 65 is mounted on hydraulic station 86, EPS controller 65 with Hydraulic station 86 connects, and EPS controller 65 receives the signal of EPS motor 64, and oil pressure is entered to a left side for steering cylinder according to the signal Chamber or right chamber, control turn to.In the present embodiment, pump motor 84 and hydraulic station 86 independently control elevating mechanism 2 and turn To mechanism 6, had the following advantages that compared to traditional mechanical steering fork truck：One, pump motor 84 does not need the moment and ceaselessly works, Energy consumption can be effectively reduced, reduce noise；Two, connection is turned to using electricity between steering wheel 421 and steering mechanism 6, in operation side Steering to disk 421 is more flexible.

As shown in figure 4, electrical control mechanism 7 connects operating mechanism 42, hydraulic mechanism 8, steering mechanism 6, driving mechanism 5 and lifting Mechanism 2, the functions such as start and stop, advance, retrogressing, the lifting of steering angle and pallet fork for controlling car body.Electrical control mechanism 7 wraps Lithium battery box 71 and controller 72 are included, lithium battery box 71 is the power supply for electrical equipment such as the motor on fork truck, and controller 72, which receives, to be turned To the signal of the signal pickup assemblies such as potentiometer, and controls the motor on fork truck and execute corresponding actions.In order to simplify to motor Control, electrical control mechanism are arranged multiple controllers and control the driving motor 53 in driving mechanism and the pump in hydraulic system respectively Motor 84.In installation site, multiple 72 concentrated settings of controller are in 1 front side of car body, positioned at the top of driving mechanism 5.In this way, Malfunction elimination is carried out to controller 72 convenient for the later period, and the distance between controller 72 and motor can be reduced as far as possible, thus Shorten the length of connecting cable 74 between controller and motor, cabling is neat and can be reduced the use cost of connecting cable.

Lithium battery box 71 in electrical control mechanism 7 is arranged in the middle part of car body to be set side by side with the lifting oil circuit or so in hydraulic mechanism It sets, and is separated between the installation position of the two by partition 11.Each member in tight installation, can reduce vehicle volume on car body, Also, car body is equipped with the side that oil circuit is gone up and down in above-mentioned hydraulic mechanism, the openable institute exposed in lifting oil circuit of epipleural There is component, is conducive to malfunction elimination.

As shown in Fig. 1,2 and 11, car body 1 is equipped with installation cavity 12 for installing lithium battery box, 12 left side of installation cavity or Right side is equipped with the opening for being packed into or extracting out for battery case drawing and pulling type.The drawing and pulling type refers to battery case with respect to car body in level The mode for being fitted into the installation cavity of car body or removing from installation cavity is relatively moved on direction.Due to battery case own wt compared with Greatly, battery case is promoted into installation cavity 12 for convenience or takes out battery case from installation cavity 12, between battery case and installation cavity Equipped with slide guide device.Slide guide device in the present embodiment includes multiple idler wheels 121 that bottom in installation cavity is arranged in, The idler wheel 121 is distributed in mobile route of the battery case relative to installation cavity 12, during battery case is packed into or takes out, electricity The rolling plane contact of pond bottom portion and idler wheel is to reduce battery case and installation cavity frictional force.Also, in installation cavity be equipped with pair The guide rail of battery case guiding.After battery case is packed into installation cavity, on the one hand by lockable mechanism realize lithium battery box 71 and car body 1 it Between mechanical connection, on the other hand by plug-in and pull-out device 73 realize battery case and electrical control mechanism 7 circuit connection.

As shown in Fig. 8,9,11 and 12, the lockable mechanism in the present embodiment includes 712 He of bolt being arranged on battery case The slot 122 being caught on the car body for bolt 712 is set, is equipped with socket 713 in battery case 71, the bolt 712 passes through Socket 713 is fixed on battery case 71, and the upper end of bolt 712 is exposed from the upper surface of battery case 71 always, under battery case End is equipped with the aperture being pierced by downwards for bolt 712, and slot 122 is located at installation cavity bottom on car body, and battery case is entirely enclosed in peace It behave affectedly after 12, aperture is aligned with slot 122.Bolt 712 can be slided up and down with respect to socket 713 makes bolt 712 be inserted into slot In 122 or deviate from bolt from slot 122, to realize the mechanical caging between battery case 71 and car body 1.Preferably, Socket 713 is equipped with copper sheathing 714, and bolt 712 is plugged in copper sheathing 714.Lockable mechanism further includes that bolt 712 is made to keep insertion Slot 122 or positioning component with 122 disengaged position of slot, the positioning component in the present embodiment includes positioning column 715 and setting Locating slot on battery case 71.Bolt 712 can be rotated around its own axis, and positioning column 715 is rotated together with bolt 712, with The locating slot that positioning column 715 cooperates is located on the rotation path of positioning column, before positioning column 715 is caught in locating slot, positioning column 715 due to battery case upper surface limitation, raise bolt 712 make its keep with slot be detached from state；Positioning column 715 rotates To locating slot, positioning column is caught in locating slot downwards, and bolt 712 is caught in slot at this time.Positioning column is matched with locating slot interference It closes, prevents fork truck in action process since shake deviates from positioning column 715 from locating slot, to guarantee 712 pairs of electricity of bolt The positioning of pond case.For the ease of the operation to bolt, the handle for driving bolt to act preferably is fixed in the upper end of bolt 716, positioning column is also secured on handle.

As shown in figure 8, the cabinet of battery case is consolidated equipped with externally for electrical outlet for position of the electrical outlet on battery case It is fixed, it is entirely located in battery case for the power supply line of the lithium cell core in electrical outlet and battery case.As shown in Figure 10, automatically controlled on fork truck Positive and negative anodes are serially connected between the controller 72 of mechanism, and contactor 75 is connected in series in controller, and car body is equipped with electrical interface, and electricity connects At least provided with positive and negative anodes contact in mouthful, which connects with controller and contactor.The electrical interface is on the car body Position is fixed, and the connecting line between electrical interface and controller and contactor is entirely located in car body.

Plug-in and pull-out device 73 and car body are mating, and plug-in and pull-out device is equipped with power contact head 731 and automatically controlled contact 732, power contact head 731 with it is mating for electrical outlet on battery case 71, automatically controlled contact 732 and on car body with electrical interface it is mating, power supply Contact 731 is connected with automatically controlled contact 732 in plug-in and pull-out device inner conductive, the plugging direction of automatically controlled contact 731, power contact head 732 Plugging direction is consistent with the plug orientation of plug-in and pull-out device.Since battery case is located in car body, on battery case for electrical outlet and car body On electrical interface between there is dislocation or front-back staggered up and down, corresponding automatically controlled contact and power supply in the plug orientation of plug-in and pull-out device There is dislocation or front-back staggered up and down between contact in the plug orientation of plug-in and pull-out device.Plug-in and pull-out device is equipped with hand-held part.Power supply touching Head and the series connection of automatically controlled contact make to be formed into a loop between battery case and controller and contactor, and it is car body that contactor, which controls battery case, Electrical control mechanism power supply.

The circuit connection realized between battery case and controller can be once plugged by the way that plug-in and pull-out device is arranged, also, is being returned It is equipped with contactor in road, passes through the on-off of contactor control loop.

Since cockpit position is higher on car body 1, need to be arranged step so that driver enters into cockpit.As excellent It selects, forms step 711 in the battery case in the present embodiment, so there is no need to which step is still further arranged, structure is simple.

Fork truck in the present embodiment, due to using lithium battery to replace traditional lead-acid battery, and lithium battery is on the car body Arranged by above structure, also, vehicle seat is fixed on the back side panel 15 of car body by seat support 16, due to vehicle seat height compared with Height, the installation space between below-seat and battery cavities upper end are larger.Therefore, as shown in figure 11, by clump weight in the present embodiment It is divided into counterweight 13 and lower 14 two parts of counterweight, upper counterweight 13 and lower counterweight 14 are an integral structure respectively, and upper counterweight 13 is arranged It is held on the car body to the installation space of below-seat, upper counterweight 13 is fixed on 15 front side of car body back side panel.Lower counterweight 14 is fixed on The rear side of back side panel 15 on car body, lower counterweight 14 are equipped with the notch exposed for steering mechanism 6.Clump weight is divided by the present embodiment Upper counterweight and lower counterweight two parts, upper counterweight take full advantage of the installation space on car body between vehicle seat and car body, make vehicle knot Structure is compact；Upper counterweight and lower counterweight are respectively positioned on the latter half of fork truck, play the portfolio effect to vehicle by weight.Upper counterweight and Lower counterweight is mounted directly a part of structure as fork truck on the car body, the global shape cooperation of shape and fork truck, in this way, one The terminal with compact integral structure of aspect fork truck is beautiful, meanwhile, the left and right outside of upper counterweight is suitable with fork truck cockpit outside or protrudes from On the outside of cockpit, this way it is not necessary to which anticollision strip is arranged again in the outside of cockpit vehicle seat, since the intensity of upper counterweight is very big, lead to Good anticollision effect can be played by crossing counterweight, can further reduce the width of fork truck.

Preferably, the hydraulic station 86 in the present embodiment in hydraulic mechanism is fixed on the rear side of seat support 16, in this way, hydraulic Stand the distance between 86 and steering mechanism 6 are smaller, and it is neat to be conducive to the cabling of hydraulic tube on fork truck.And in hydraulic mechanism Tank filler 85 is also disposed at the rear side of seat support 15, and tank filler is connected in fuel tank by oil filling pipe, and fuel tank adds Hydraulic fluid port 85 exposes outside car body 1, convenient for refueling into fuel tank.In the present embodiment, in order to expose tank filler outside car body Portion can be equipped with the notch exposed for tank filler 85 in lower counterweight.

Claims (4)

1. hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck, including car body, car body is equipped with operating mechanism, steering mechanism and hydraulic mechanism, feature It is, operating mechanism includes steering wheel；Steering mechanism includes steeraxle (61) and the deflecting roller (62) being mounted on steeraxle, is turned It is connect to bridge with steering cylinder；Hydraulic mechanism includes fuel tank and hydraulic station, and hydraulic station (86) takes oil from fuel tank (81), and passes through oil Pipe is connected to the left and right end oil inlet and outlet that the steering cylinder of steeraxle rotation is driven in steering mechanism, passes through hydraulic station (86) oil pressure Drive steeraxle (61) rotation；Pass through EPS motor (64) and EPS between hydraulic station (86) and the steering wheel (421) of operating mechanism Controller (65) is cooperatively connected；EPS motor (64) is mounted in the rotation axis of steering wheel (421), and steering wheel (421) rotates same When drive the rotation of EPS motor (64) shaft, EPS controller (65) connect with hydraulic station (86), EPS controller (65) reception EPS The signal of motor (64), and oil pressure is entered to according to the signal left chamber or the right chamber of steering cylinder.

2. hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck according to claim 1, which is characterized in that steering mechanism includes turning to for monitoring Take turns the steering potentiometer (63) of rotational angle.

3. hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hydraulic mechanism includes tank filler (85), tank filler (85) is connect by oil pipe with fuel tank, and it is external that tank filler (85) exposes car body (1).

4. hydraulic power-assisted steering fork truck according to claim 1, which is characterized in that hydraulic mechanism (8) includes solenoid valve (82), gear pump (83) and pump motor (84), pump motor (84) are connect with gear pump (83), gear pump (83) and fuel tank (81) it Between connected by oil pipe, gear pump (83) is connected to elevating mechanism (2) by solenoid valve (82).