CN208141144U - A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope - Google Patents

A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208141144U
CN208141144U CN201820574428.0U CN201820574428U CN208141144U CN 208141144 U CN208141144 U CN 208141144U CN 201820574428 U CN201820574428 U CN 201820574428U CN 208141144 U CN208141144 U CN 208141144U
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balance wheel
signal
wrist
bracket
chip microcontroller
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夏金伟
许连阁
郭海林
于晓云
王小明
缴瑞山
宁秋平
牟迪
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Liaoning Mechatronics College
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Liaoning Mechatronics College
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Abstract

A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope, belongs to clock and watch detection technique field.Including balance wheel bracket, vibrative sensor, signal conditioning circuit, photoelectric sensor, analog-digital converter and single-chip microcontroller, the balance wheel bracket connects vibrative sensor by elastic component, the signal that vibrative sensor generates is after signal conditioning circuit amplification filtering, single-chip microcontroller is input to after analog-digital converter is converted, single-chip microcontroller is input to by the tach signal that photoelectric sensor measures, the acquisition process in single-chip microcontroller, final measurement show the weighting magnitude of balance wheel.The utility model realizes the amplification and filtering of signal using integrated operational amplifier circuit, using an instrument amplifier and the fertile hereby with bandpass filter of two second order Barts by signal detection that balance wheel rotates, amplification, filter and show.Signal is laid particular stress on after two stage filter, inhibits whole clutter noises, obtains effectively stablizing and lays particular stress on signal.The utility model detection speed is fast, improves production efficiency;It is low in energy consumption.

Description

A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope
Technical field
The invention belongs to clock and watch detection technique fields, lay particular stress on somascope more particularly to a kind of wrist-watch balance wheel.
Background technique
Balance and hair spring system is the core of mechanical watch in the speed-regulating system in wrist-watch.The system keeps a constant speed Degree rotates back and forth oscillation in table machine, it is ensured that the accurate timing of wrist-watch.The processing quality of hair-spring balance system element directly determines The quality of clock and watch.Balance wheel is the critical elements of system in hair-spring balance system, and the weighting amount of balance wheel refers to balance wheel center of gravity Uneven degree indicates that unit is micro- gram-centimeter (μ g.cm) with the product em of balance wheel quality m and the eccentric distance e of center of gravity.Pendulum The weighting amount of wheel has a significant impact when walking to clock and watch, for example, by a diameter be 9.75mm, weight be 84mg balance wheel constitute Hair-spring balance system works in the case where 180 ° of 18000 amplitude of oscillation of beat, if weighting amount is 10 μ g.cm, can generate ± The deviation of 22 seconds/day.Therefore, how to measure and eliminate the weighting of balance wheel is an important project in clock and watch production.
Currently, it is largely the survey for using the production in one's early years of Watch Factory of Switzerland that the balance wheel that each wrist-watch producer uses, which lays particular stress on detector, Measuring appratus, these instruments are designed in the seventies and eighties in last century mostly and are produced, instrument internal using old-fashioned electron tube, this Kind Instrument measuring precision is low, and heat dissipation capacity is big.And failure occurs frequently, it is difficult to repair.
Summary of the invention
For the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope, it is to utilize photoelectricity Sensor measures balance wheel angular speed, guarantees that detection is all completed under the same angular speed every time, realizes the stabilization of signal Measurement, then by vibrative sensor, by balance wheel since the vibration signal that weighting amount generates is converted into induced electromotive force, balance wheel is inclined Weight somascope will be come out the electromotive force amplification detection by signal conditioning circuit, be sent into single-chip microcontroller by analog-to-digital conversion later, Single-chip microcontroller shows measurement result on charactron.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel of the present invention lays particular stress on somascope, including balance wheel, vibrative sensor, signal conditioning circuit, photoelectricity Sensor, analog-digital converter and single-chip microcontroller, balance wheel are placed in the motion parts of vibrative sensor, and balance wheel, which is swung, drives micro-vibration The signal that the detection part of sensor generates is input to after analog-digital converter is converted after signal conditioning circuit amplification filtering Single-chip microcontroller;Photoelectric sensor is used to detect the tach signal of balance wheel rotation, and is input to single-chip microcontroller, and single-chip microcontroller detects that speed is believed After number, the swing speed of balance wheel is controlled, measures balance wheel under 39 revolutions per seconds of speed always, the weighting magnitude of balance wheel is shown On numeral method device.
Preferably, the vibrative sensor includes motion parts and detection part, and wherein motion parts include balance wheel branch Frame and elastic component, balance wheel are mounted on balance wheel bracket, and balance wheel frame bottom is connected to the support base of detection part by elastic component On.
Preferably, the elastic component is elastic slice or spring.
Preferably, the detection part includes support base, moving-wire ring box, permanent magnet and magnetic yoke, is set below the support base Magnetic yoke is set, moving-wire ring box is placed in magnetic yoke, is wound with coil in moving winding outer frame, and permanent magnet is arranged in bottom in magnetic yoke, described The pole N of permanent magnet is located in moving-wire ring box, and the pole S is contacted with magnetic yoke, forms closed magnetic path;Balance wheel bracket passes through two elastic component branch It supports on the pole palm in moving-wire ring box, when measurement, balance wheel is mounted on balance wheel bracket, and balance wheel rotate drive bracket on bracket And the moving-wire ring box below bracket vibrates up and down, the coil wound in moving-wire ring box is cut in closed magnetic path also with up-down vibration Cut the magnetic line of force, the signal wire connection signal conditioning circuit that the induced electromotive force of generation is connected by coil, after analog-digital converter It is transferred to single-chip microcontroller.
Preferably, the magnetic yoke inner wall is additionally provided with bucking coil, and the bucking coil and moving-wire ring box protrude into magnetic yoke end Coil it is corresponding.
Preferably, the photoelectric sensor is arranged on balance wheel bracket, detects balance wheel revolving speed.
Preferably, the signal conditioning circuit includes two-stage signal amplifying circuit and filter circuit, and the first order is put for instrument Big device AD620 signal amplification circuit, the second level are universal amplifier OP07 circuit, and filter circuit includes two by universal amplifier The second order Butterworth bandpass filter of OP27 composition.
Preferably, the centre frequency of described two bandpass filters is all 39Hz, quality factor 8.3, and pass band is 4.68Hz。
Preferably, the gas source for blowing balance wheel rotation is also connected on the single-chip microcontroller.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. detector of the present invention is turned by 12 vibrative sensor, the fertile hereby bandpass filter of Bart, high-precision high-speed moduluses Parallel operation, photoelectric measure speeding sensor and STC singlechip group at.This detector realizes the amplification of signal using integrated operational amplifier circuit And filtering, use an instrument amplifier and the fertile hereby with bandpass filter of two second order Barts by balance wheel when revolving speed is 39 revolutions per second Generation balance wheel lay particular stress on signal detection come out amplify, filter and show.Wherein one stage signal amplifier uses AD620 instrument Table amplifier, two butterworth filters are realized based on high speed operation amplifier OP27 chip, after two stage filter, Clutter noise all curbs, while useful signal being amplified, and obtains stable weighting signal.
2. the present invention detects the weighting signal of balance wheel using unique vibrative sensor, caused by the weighting of balance wheel The vibration in support vertical direction generates the displacement of vertical direction, and balance wheel vibration drives moving-wire ring box to vibrate up and down, so that being wrapped in Moving-wire ring box coil vertical direction cutting magnetic line in closed magnetic path generates proportional to weighting amount em and balance wheel revolving speed Induced electromotive force E can make balance wheel always in the same tachometric survey due to the gas source that single-chip microcontroller control rotates balance wheel, because This, this system, which obtains stablizing, duplicate lays particular stress on proportional electromotive force signal to balance wheel.
3. the present invention is amplified using the signal that instrument amplifier and operational amplifier are constituted and the signals tune such as bandpass filtering Circuit is managed, realizes noise signal at filter, amplification and extraction useful signal.
4. present invention detection speed is fast, the detection time of single balance wheel improves production efficiency within 2s;It is low in energy consumption, Total system uses low-power chip, has auto sleep function, i.e.,:Do not have when starting in 5 minutes more than vibrative sensor There is signal input, SCM program closes gas source, SCM system suspend mode, when vibrative sensor has signal input again When, SCM system wakes up;The present invention using singlechip group at control system and bus control system, workpiece can be will test Quantity, qualitative data upload to manager office, realize network management, specially:SCM system has MODBUS Communication module can realize that data upload by the software communication of MODBUS agreement and host computer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is complete machine operation schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is vibrative sensor holder part schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is vibrative sensor detection part schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the two-stage signal amplification circuit diagram of signal conditioning circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the filter circuit figure of signal conditioning circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is with bandpass filter circuit figure of the present invention.
In figure:1. balance wheel, 2. brackets, 3. elastic components,
4. vibrative sensor, 41. support bases, 42. moving-wire ring boxs, 43. permanent magnets, 44. magnetic yokes, 45. coils, 46. mend Repay coil;
5. pole is slapped.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment:As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wrist-watch balance wheel of the present invention lays particular stress on somascope, including balance wheel, vibrative sensor 4, Signal conditioning circuit, photoelectric sensor, analog-digital converter (this example is 12 analog-digital converters) and single-chip microcontroller, the balance wheel 1 connect The motion parts in vibrative sensor 4 are connect, balance wheel 1 swings the signal for generating the detection part of vibrative sensor 4 through believing After the amplification filtering of number conditioning circuit, it is input to single-chip microcontroller after analog-digital converter is converted, is believed by the revolving speed that photoelectric sensor measures Number it is input to single-chip microcontroller, after single-chip microcontroller detects speed signal, controls the swing of balance wheel 1, make balance wheel 1 always at 39 revolutions per seconds It is measured under speed, final measurement shows the weighting magnitude of balance wheel 1.
The vibrative sensor 4 includes motion parts and detection part, and wherein motion parts include balance wheel bracket 2 and bullet Property part 3, balance wheel 1 is mounted on balance wheel bracket 2, and 2 bottom of balance wheel bracket is fixed on the support base 41 of detection part by elastic component 3 On, make balance wheel bracket 1 vacantly above the pole palm 5 in moving-wire ring box 42, i.e.,:Bracket, elastic component and moving winding vacantly slap 5 in pole Top;Detection part includes support base 41, moving-wire ring box 42, permanent magnet 43 and magnetic yoke 44, and magnetic is arranged below the support base 41 Yoke 44, moving-wire ring box 42 are placed in magnetic yoke 44, and coil 45 is wound with outside moving-wire ring box 42, and permanent magnetism is arranged in bottom in magnetic yoke 44 The pole N of iron 43, the permanent magnet 43 is located in moving-wire ring box 42, and the pole S is contacted with magnetic yoke 44, forms closed magnetic path;When measurement, pendulum Wheel 1 is mounted on balance wheel bracket 2, and when there is outer gas stream to blow balance wheel 1, balance wheel 1 rotates on bracket 2, due to balance wheel 1 itself The influence of weighting amount, balance wheel 1 can generate faint vibration when rotating in vertical direction, due in 2 vertical direction of bracket at this time In vacant state, the rotation of balance wheel 1 drives bracket 2 to vibrate up and down in vertical direction, generates the displacement of vertical direction, while bracket 2 vibrations also drive moving-wire ring box 42 to vibrate up and down, so that being wrapped in 42 Vertical Square in closed magnetic path of coil 45 of moving-wire ring box The magnetic field magnetic line generated to cutting permanent magnet makes to generate in moving-wire ring box 42 proportional to weighting amount em and 1 revolving speed of balance wheel Induced electromotive force E, the signal wire connection signal conditioning circuit connected by coil 45, the weighting signal is through signal conditioning circuit It is input to single-chip microcontroller after amplification filtering conversion, analog-to-digital conversion, and finally converts and show the weighting magnitude of balance wheel.
In addition, balance wheel need to stablize the velocity measuring in 39 turns/s, therefore set above vibrative sensor 4 when due to detection Setting the photoelectric sensor on balance wheel bracket 2 can be used to measure the revolving speed of balance wheel 1, and revolving speed is input to single-chip microcontroller, make monolithic Machine control, which is blown, to originate from, and keeps balance wheel fixed rotating speed.
44 inner wall of magnetic yoke is additionally provided with bucking coil 46, and the bucking coil 46 protrudes into magnetic yoke 44 with moving-wire ring box 42 The coil 45 at end is corresponding.
Measurement process of the invention:
Balance wheel bracket 2 of the invention uses sound bow, and the groove width of the bracket 2 is equal to 1 axial length of balance wheel, makes balance wheel 1 frame can be freely rotated on bracket 2 along central axis.
Specific measurement method is as follows:
S1:Balance wheel revolving speed is controlled by single-chip microcontroller, the angular velocity vector Ω that balance wheel rotates is increased to 40 revolutions per seconds, makes to put later The angular velocity vector Ω of wheel freely decelerates to 39 revolutions per seconds;
S2:Obtaining rotating due to balance wheel by vibrative sensor measurement drives bracket and the vibration of moving-wire ring box in coil The induced electromotive force E of upper generation,
Wherein:Em is the weighting amount of balance wheel, and B is the magnetic induction intensity in magnetic field;ω is the number of turns of coil, and e is that balance wheel is eccentric Away from m is the quality of balance wheel, and e*m is the weighting amount measured, and Ω is the angular speed of balance wheel, and K is the rigidity of elastic component, when t is Between;
S3:The induced potential E generated is laid particular stress on to the balance wheel measured to amplify and filter by signal conditioning circuit, is obtained Effectively stable inclined weight signal.
When balance wheel 1 rotates in the slot of balance wheel bracket 2, due to the reason of 1 weighting amount of balance wheel, balance wheel 1 exists the present invention The vibration of vertical direction, and balance wheel bracket 2 is driven to move.When balance wheel 1 is rotated according to angular velocity vector Ω, 1 weighting amount of balance wheel is in weight The centrifugal force F generated at heart S:
F=Ω2em
Wherein e is eccentricity, and m is the quality of balance wheel 1, and when Ω is constant, then balance wheel bracket 2 hangs down suffered by the gravity direction Histogram to power f be:
F=em Ω2cosΩt
Wherein:T is the time, and unit is the second;
Power f when balance wheel 1 rotates along vertical direction is acted on elastic component 3, and elastic component 3 is made to generate displacement X, i.e. f= KX, K are the rigidity of spring, then the displacement x of vertical direction is:
X=f/K=Ω2emcosΩt/K
The movement of elastic component 3 drives bracket 2 to move, and the displacement of elastic component 3 along the vertical direction is exactly balance wheel bracket 2 along vertical side To displacement, then the movement velocity of balance wheel bracket 2 is exactly the differential of displacement versus time, i.e.,:
When the balance wheel 1 on balance wheel bracket 2 rotates, balance wheel 1 drives the moving-wire of 2 lower section of balance wheel bracket 2 and balance wheel bracket Ring box 42 vibrates up and down, and the coil 45 wound in moving-wire ring box 42 vibrates up and down cutting magnetic line in closed magnetic path, in coil It is generated on 45 and the proportional induced electromotive force E of balance wheel support motion speed, relational expression is:
B is the magnetic induction intensity in magnetic field in formula;ω is the number of turns of coil;For the speed of coil cutting magnetic line.Wushu (1) formula (2) are substituted into, obtainedIfThen
E=-K0emsinΩt (3)
Wherein:K0For constant;
When one timing of angular velocity vector Ω that balance wheel 1 rotates, the induced potential E of vibrative sensor and the weighting amount em of balance wheel 1 It is directly proportional.To improve the sensitivity of sensor, it is necessary to increase constant K0.Due to cube directly proportional, the institute of induced potential E and Ω It is to improve sensitivity most efficient method to improve the revolving speed of balance wheel 1.But due to the quality very little of balance wheel 1, excessive velocities can make Balance wheel throws away bracket 2.According to practical work experience, 1 angular speed of balance wheel is usually maintained at 39 revolutions per seconds.It, can be by balance wheel when measurement The raising of 1 revolving speed reaches 40 revolutions per seconds, so that balance wheel 1 is freely decelerated to 39 revolutions per seconds later, and acquire signal.Both guarantee angular speed in this way Unanimously, and external interference is avoided, obtains stablizing duplicate weighting signal.
As shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, the signal conditioning circuit includes two-stage signal amplifying circuit and filter circuit, and the first order is Instrument amplifier AD620 signal amplification circuit, the second level are universal amplifier OP07 circuit, to progress signal amplification.AD620's Input impedance is high, has very high common-mode rejection ratio, can effectively inhibit the noise in amplification process.By (3) formula it is found that laying particular stress on Signal be with the consistent sine wave signal of balance wheel angular speed, the frequency of signal and angular speed are all 39Hz, filtered electrical of the invention Road includes two second order Butterworth bandpass filters being made of universal amplifier OP27, as shown in figure 5, two band logical filters The centre frequency of wave device is all 39Hz, quality factor 8.3, pass band 4.68Hz.After two stage filter, all inhibit Clutter noise, while useful signal also available 3.3 times of signal, obtain stable weighting signal.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope, it is characterised in that:Including balance wheel, vibrative sensor, signal conditioning circuit, light Electric transducer, analog-digital converter and single-chip microcontroller, balance wheel are placed in the motion parts of vibrative sensor, and balance wheel, which is swung, drives micro- vibration The signal that the detection part of dynamic sensor generates inputs after analog-digital converter is converted after signal conditioning circuit amplification filtering To single-chip microcontroller;Photoelectric sensor is used to detect the tach signal of balance wheel rotation, and is input to single-chip microcontroller, and single-chip microcontroller detects speed After signal, the swing speed of balance wheel is controlled, measures balance wheel under 39 revolutions per seconds of speed always, the weighting magnitude of balance wheel is shown Show on numeral method device.
2. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The vibrative sensor includes movement Part and detection part, wherein motion parts include balance wheel bracket and elastic component, and balance wheel is mounted on balance wheel bracket, balance wheel bracket Bottom is connected on the support base of detection part by elastic component.
3. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The elastic component is elastic slice or spring.
4. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The detection part include support base, Magnetic yoke is arranged in moving-wire ring box, permanent magnet and magnetic yoke, the support base lower section, and moving-wire ring box is placed in magnetic yoke, in moving winding outer frame It is wound with coil, permanent magnet is arranged in bottom in magnetic yoke, and the pole N of the permanent magnet is located in moving-wire ring box, and the pole S connects with magnetic yoke Touching forms closed magnetic path;Balance wheel bracket is supported on the palm of the pole in moving-wire ring box by two elastic components, when measurement, balance wheel It is mounted on balance wheel bracket, balance wheel rotates on bracket drives the moving-wire ring box below bracket and bracket to vibrate up and down, moving winding Also with cutting magnetic line is vibrated up and down in closed magnetic path, the induced electromotive force of generation is connected the coil wound on frame by coil The signal wire connection signal conditioning circuit connect, is transferred to single-chip microcontroller after analog-digital converter.
5. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The magnetic yoke inner wall is additionally provided with compensation Coil, the bucking coil are corresponding with the coil that moving-wire ring box protrudes into magnetic yoke end.
6. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The photoelectric sensor is arranged in balance wheel On bracket, balance wheel revolving speed is detected.
7. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The signal conditioning circuit includes two-stage Signal amplification circuit and filter circuit, the first order are instrument amplifier AD620 signal amplification circuit, and the second level is universal amplifier OP07 circuit, filter circuit include two second order Butterworth bandpass filters being made of universal amplifier OP27.
8. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The center of described two bandpass filters Frequency is all 39Hz, quality factor 8.3, pass band 4.68Hz.
9. wrist-watch balance wheel lays particular stress on somascope according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is also connected with and blows on the single-chip microcontroller The gas source of balance wheel rotation.
CN201820574428.0U 2018-04-20 2018-04-20 A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope Active CN208141144U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201820574428.0U CN208141144U (en) 2018-04-20 2018-04-20 A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201820574428.0U CN208141144U (en) 2018-04-20 2018-04-20 A kind of wrist-watch balance wheel weighting somascope

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