CN208140700U - The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles under centrifugal condition - Google Patents
The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles under centrifugal condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN208140700U CN208140700U CN201820575833.4U CN201820575833U CN208140700U CN 208140700 U CN208140700 U CN 208140700U CN 201820575833 U CN201820575833 U CN 201820575833U CN 208140700 U CN208140700 U CN 208140700U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of transparent soil model experimental provisions of a clump of piles under centrifugal condition, including centrifuge, hanging basket, experimental tank and observation and detection device；The centrifuge includes counterweight, live spindle, base and pivoted arm, and the live spindle linking is in base, and counterweight is arranged on the left of live spindle, and pivoted arm is arranged on the right side of live spindle；The hanging basket is connected by oscillating bearing with pivoted arm；The experimental tank is built in hanging basket.The utility model has the beneficial effects that：The utility model abandons the common fan type laser of transparent native experimental technique, overall compact using volume, power adjustable small solid laser module, and laser module is installed close to the orientation of the live spindle of centrifuge, farthest reduce influence of the centrifugal force to laser module, ensure that laser module works normally, generates stabilized lasers beam.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of inside soil body 3 D deformations to visualize field, in particular to group under a kind of centrifugal condition
The transparent soil model experimental provision of stake.
Background technique
Traditional simulating lab test measurement can only obtain the deformation of the deformation and borderline region of soil body macroscopic view.In order to
Intuitively phenomena such as observing soil body internal deformation, seepage flow, 90 years 20th century it is a kind of with natural rock-filled similar quality
Transparent soil is come out by artificial synthesized.Transparent soil is widely used in geotechnical engineering physical simulation experiment rapidly later,
So that non-intruding continuous observation inside soil body arbitrary point is deformed into possibility, and it is possible to prevente effectively from traditional observation method pair
The interference of experimental result.In the transparent native non-intruding visualized experiment of traditional geotechnical centrifuge, it is by observation window in midair
Between symmetrical mode carry out soil-structure deformation observation, and use digital camera and digital image processing techniques, the measurement soil body becomes
Shape.However, the experimental technique still has some limitations, laser beam is launched by fan type laser in this experiment
Come, but fan type laser volume is big, is easy to cause centrifuge biggish burden, for example centrifuge is needed using high-power
Fan type laser and clump of piles experimental provision could be rotated together with, centrifuge be caused in this process biggish negative
Lotus, secondly under the action of centrifuge, fan type laser can not generate stable laser beam, this will will lead to experimental data production
Raw error, to influence the progress of experiment；On the other hand, the laser beam covering generated in plane strain model experiment technology
Area is too small, ideal speckle face can not be formed on transparent soil, so that accurate experimental data can not be obtained；In addition traditional
The two-dimentional deformation field of the soil body can only be obtained in the experiment of a geotechnical centrifuge clump of piles by digital camera and digital image processing techniques, but
It is the 3 D deformation field for being unable to get a clump of piles.
Therefore, it needs to seek a kind of small in size at present and the laser of stabilized lasers beam, laser beam can be generated in the soil body
The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles of the middle 3 D deformation field for forming large area speckle face and obtaining a clump of piles using relevant art
Seem particularly important.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome deficiency in the prior art, the transparent clay model of a clump of piles under a kind of centrifugal condition is provided
Type experimental provision.The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles under this centrifugal condition, including centrifuge, hanging basket, experimental tank and observation and inspection
Survey device；The centrifuge includes counterweight, live spindle, base and pivoted arm, and the live spindle linking is in base, balance
Counterweight is arranged on the left of live spindle, and pivoted arm is arranged on the right side of live spindle；The hanging basket is connected by oscillating bearing with pivoted arm
It connects；The experimental tank is built in hanging basket；
The observation and detection device include solid-state laser module, optical module, camera and displacement meter；The solid-state laser
Module, optical module are linked together by optical fiber, and solid-state laser module is built in pivoted arm left end, and the optical module setting exists
On the outside of experimental tank, and each optical module corresponds to a solid-state laser module；
The experimental tank built in transparent soil and clump of piles model, experimental tank top are connected bracket, manipulator and displacement meter, experiment
Slot left side, positive side corresponding position are provided with observation window, and corresponding position is provided with light inlet window on the right side of experimental tank；The observation window
Corresponding position is provided with camera；Reflective mirror built in the clump of piles model.
As preferred：The camera is fixed by fixed frame.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that：
1) the utility model abandons the transparent native common fan type laser of experimental technique (volume is big, laser under centrifugal force
The disadvantages of unstable), overall compact using volume, power adjustable small solid laser module, and laser module is close
The orientation of the live spindle of centrifuge is installed, and farthest reduces influence of the centrifugal force to laser module, it is ensured that laser module
It works normally, generates stabilized lasers beam；Then it is debugged in centrifuge, studies different capacity, different rotating speeds, different location
Influence to laser beam stability.
2) laser beam is transmitted to test position using the transmission mode of multimode fibre by the utility model, and utilizes collimator
Installation adapter, lens installation adapter, 45 ° of line generator lens, lens mounting ring and lens tube are equipped to novel optics
Component, and and so on form multiple groups optical module, each optical module corresponds to a small solid laser module, laser beam
It is irradiated in transparent soil by forming biggish lasing area after several groups of optical modules, and forms the speckle face covered comprehensively；Then
It is tested in centrifuge, research can obtain all kinds of technical parameters and its influence factor in optimal speckle face.
3) clump of piles in the utility model embeds reflective mirror, two vertical two-sided speckle fields is formed, in conjunction with stereo
Mensuration can obtain a clump of piles two vertical two-sided 3 D deformation fields.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the transparent native experimental provision side view of the clump of piles before centrifuge rotation.
Fig. 2 is the transparent native experimental provision side view of the clump of piles after centrifuge rotation.
Fig. 3 is the transparent soil model experimental provision plan view of a single clump of piles.
Fig. 4 is single clump of piles model side view.
Fig. 5 is the transparent soil model experimental provision plan view of a multiple rows of clump of piles.
Fig. 6 is multiple rows of clump of piles model side view.
Description of symbols：1-counterweight；2-live spindles；3-bases；4-centrifuges；5-solid-state laser moulds
Block；6-pivoted arms；7-optical fiber；8-oscillating bearings；9-brackets；10-clump of piles models；11-transparent soil；12-experimental tanks；
13-cameras；14-fixed frames；15-hanging baskets；16-manipulators；17-displacement meters；18-optical modules；19-observation windows；
20-cushion caps；21-reflective mirrors；22-lasing areas；23-light inlet windows.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described further below with reference to embodiment.The explanation of following embodiments is only intended to help to manage
Solve the utility model.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from the utility model principle
Under the premise of, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model, these improvement and modification also fall into the utility model
In scope of protection of the claims.
The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles under the centrifugal condition, including centrifuge 4, hanging basket 15, experimental tank 12, observation
And detection device.The centrifuge 4 includes counterweight 1, live spindle 2, base 3, pivoted arm 6, the live spindle 2 linking in
Base 3, the setting of counterweight 1 is in 2 left side of live spindle, and the setting of pivoted arm 6 is on 2 right side of live spindle.The hanging basket 15 passes through pass
Bearings 8 are connected with pivoted arm 6.The experimental tank 12 is built in hanging basket 15.The observation and detection device include that solid-state swashs
Optical module 5, optical module 18, camera 13, displacement meter 17.
The solid-state laser module 5, optical module 18 are linked together by optical fiber 7, and solid-state laser module 5, which is built in, to be turned
6 left end of arm, the setting of optical module 18 is in 12 outside of experimental tank, and each optical module 18 corresponds to a solid-state laser mould
Block 5.
The 12 built in transparent soil 11 of experimental tank, clump of piles model 10,12 top of experimental tank are connected bracket 9, manipulator 16, position
Meter 17 is moved, 12 left side of experimental tank, positive side corresponding position are provided with organic glass observation window 19,12 right side corresponding position of experimental tank
Organic glass light inlet window 23 is set.Using 4 slr cameras 13 from 12 left side of experimental tank and positive survey simultaneously to clump of piles model 10
Experimentation is shot, using dedicated fixed frame 14 that camera 13 is fixed.
Reflective mirror 21 built in the clump of piles model 10, and in 12 inner wall corresponding position anodization of experimental tank at black,
To absorb laser.
Embodiment one：
The experimental method of the transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles, includes the following steps under the centrifugal condition：
1) transparent native the 11 of experiment is configured.Use the transparency with cleanliness preferably, refractive index for 1.467 crystal silicon aggregate
With pore-fluid manufactured size biggish transparent native 11, pore-fluid is mixed by white oil and paraffin solvent, and their volume
Ratio is 77:23.It is to be configured it is good after, transparent native 11 are placed in a vacuum, the air in removal transparent native 11.Then it uses
The shear stress of 30kPa or more is consolidated to transparent native 11.Finally in order to enhance speckle field density, transparent native 11
The fluorescent grain of 2% volume is sprinkled into process for preparation.
2) configured saturation transparent native 11 is equably put into experimental tank 12.
3) single clump of piles model 10 is made.Single clump of piles model 10 makes in strict accordance with following size：This model uses
Three identical stakes, as shown in Figure 3.Stake diameter d=5cm, the centroid of the stake adjacent with 20 edge of cushion cap to 20 edge of cushion cap
Spacing be 5cm；The distance between adjacent studs are 25cm；The spacing of cushion cap 20 edge to experimental tank 12 should be greater than 25cm, take
25cm；Cushion cap 20 is 60cm long, wide 10cm, high 10cm；The long L of stake should meet 50~100cm, take 80cm.In addition, most left in cushion cap 20
The stake at end need to embed reflective mirror 21, as shown in Figure 3.After clump of piles model 10 completes, it is inserted into transparent native 11.
4) bracket 9 is placed on 12 top of experimental tank, then places manipulator 16,16 upper end of manipulator is connected with bracket 9
9 center of bracket is connect and is located at, 16 lower end of manipulator is connected with the cushion cap 20 of clump of piles model 10.
5) displacement meter 17 is placed, the upper end is connected with bracket 9, and lower end is connected with the cushion cap 20 of clump of piles model 10.
6) 13 geometric coordinate of the height of camera 13, the corner of shooting and camera is adjusted and recorded according to the position of observation point
Equal important parameters.
7) solid-state laser module 5 is opened, stabilized lasers beam is generated, laser beam will be transmitted to optical module along optical fiber 7
18, it after through several groups of optical module 18, forms biggish lasing area 22 and is irradiated in transparent native 11, and formed and covered comprehensively
Speckle face.
8) centrifuge 4 is opened, after centrifuge 4 rotates, hanging basket 15 and its internal transparent native 11, clump of piles model 10 etc. exist
Under the action of centripetal force, it will it is rotated around oscillating bearing 8, it is finally parallel with pivoted arm 6, as shown in Figure 2.
9) image from two cameras 13 is analyzed respectively using GeoPIV to obtain observe from each camera 13 two
(2D) displacement is tieed up, then merges corresponding 2D displacement using stereotriangulation method to generate the 3D transform of sample.
Embodiment two：
1) transparent native the 11 of experiment is configured.Use the transparency with cleanliness preferably, refractive index for 1.467 crystal silicon aggregate
With pore-fluid manufactured size biggish transparent native 11, pore-fluid is mixed by white oil and paraffin solvent, and their volume
Ratio is 77:23.It is to be configured it is good after, transparent soil is placed to the air removed in transparent soil in a vacuum.Then 30kPa is used
Above shear stress is consolidated to transparent native 11.Finally in order to enhance speckle field density, prepared transparent native 11
It is sprinkled into the fluorescent grain of 2% volume in the process.
2) configured saturation transparent native 11 is equably put into experimental tank 12.
3) multiple rows of clump of piles model 10 is made.This model uses nine identical stakes, as shown in Figure 5.The diameter is taken to be
The spacing of 5cm, centroid to 20 edge of cushion cap of the stake adjacent with 20 edge of cushion cap are 5cm；It is longitudinal in cushion cap 20, between adjacent studs
Distance be 25cm；Lateral in cushion cap 20, the distance between adjacent studs are 15cm；The spacing of cushion cap 20 edge to experimental tank 12 is answered
Greater than 25cm, 25cm is taken；Cushion cap long 60cm, wide 40cm, high 10cm；The long L of stake should take 80cm between 50~100cm.In addition,
As shown in figure 5, the second campshed the oneth the second pile from left to right and third ranked second pile and need to embed reflective mirror 21.To group
After stake model 10 completes, it is inserted into transparent native 11.
4) bracket 9 is placed on 12 top of experimental tank, then places manipulator 16,16 upper end of manipulator is connected with bracket 9
9 center of bracket is connect and is located at, 16 lower end of manipulator is connected with the cushion cap 20 of clump of piles model 10.
5) displacement meter 17 is placed, the upper end is connected with bracket 9, and lower end is connected with the cushion cap 20 of clump of piles model 10.
6) 13 geometric coordinate of the height of camera 13, the corner of shooting and camera is adjusted and recorded according to the position of observation point
Equal important parameters.
7) solid-state laser module 5 is opened, stabilized lasers beam is generated, laser beam will be transmitted to optical module along optical fiber 7
18, it after through several groups of optical module 18, forms biggish lasing area 22 and is irradiated in transparent native 11, and formed and covered comprehensively
Speckle face.
8) centrifuge 4 is opened, after centrifuge 4 rotates, hanging basket 15 and its internal transparent native 11, clump of piles model 10 etc. exist
Under the action of centripetal force, it will it is rotated around oscillating bearing 8, it is finally parallel with pivoted arm 6, as shown in Figure 2.
9) image from two cameras 13 is analyzed respectively using GeoPIV to obtain observe from each camera 13 two
(2D) displacement is tieed up, then merges corresponding 2D displacement using stereotriangulation method to generate the 3D transform of sample.
The validity of experiment：The property of the soil body and the stress of soil particle are related.And study in the simulated experiment of a clump of piles,
Due to experimental provision be it is scaled, cause the vertical depth of a surrounding soil to reduce.The vertical depth of the soil body reduces, will
It will lead to stress to reduce accordingly, for example in the soil body of 10m depth, its severe is 20kN/m3, then it be subject to it is vertical self weight answer
Power is 200kN, and in simulated experiment, and soil body depth is reduced by model scale, such as reduces 10 times, then native in this experiment
Depth also reduces 10 times accordingly, and 10m deep soil becomes 1m in model experiment, then the vertical weight stress that it is subject to is
20kN；It can be seen that the deviation that general simulated experiment and physical presence are very big.It is vertical to be self-possessed because of severe γ=ρ * g of soil
Stress σ=γ * z, in simulated experiment, depth z and the density p of soil can not change, but can change gravity acceleration g.Cause
This utility model carries out under the conditions of centrifuge, controls the revolving speed of centrifuge, can increase gravity acceleration g, in this example
The revolving speed that can control centrifuge reaches g '=10g, and the vertical weight stress finally obtained is identical as reality.In addition originally
Utility model uses transparent soil, and the deformation of observation model experiment soil body under the premise of not disturbed soil may be implemented.Cause
The experimental provision of this utility model is effective in the deformation for simulating the practical soil body.
Claims (2)
1. the transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles under a kind of centrifugal condition, which is characterized in that including centrifuge (4), hanging basket (15),
Experimental tank (12) and observation and detection device；The centrifuge (4) include counterweight (1), live spindle (2), base (3) and
Pivoted arm (6), live spindle (2) linking is in base (3), and counterweight (1) setting is on the left of live spindle (2), pivoted arm (6)
Setting is on the right side of live spindle (2)；The hanging basket (15) is connected by oscillating bearing (8) with pivoted arm (6)；The experimental tank
(12) it is built in hanging basket (15)；
The observation and detection device include solid-state laser module (5), optical module (18), camera (13) and displacement meter (17)；
The solid-state laser module (5), optical module (18) are linked together by optical fiber (7), and solid-state laser module (5), which is built in, to be turned
Arm (6) left end, optical module (18) setting is on the outside of experimental tank (12), and each optical module (18) corresponding one solid
State laser module (5)；
Experimental tank (12) built in transparent native (11) and clump of piles model (10), experimental tank (12) top are connected bracket (9), machinery
Hand (16) and displacement meter (17), experimental tank (12) left side, positive side corresponding position are provided with observation window (19), on the right side of experimental tank (12)
Corresponding position is provided with light inlet window (23)；The corresponding position of the observation window (19) is provided with camera (13)；The clump of piles
Reflective mirror (21) built in model (10).
2. the transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles under centrifugal condition according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the camera
(13) fixed by fixed frame (14).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108318665A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-07-24 | 宁波大学 | The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles and its experimental method under centrifugal condition |
| CN112595634A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Internal deformation analysis experimental device and method for three-dimensional granular material |
| CN112857274A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-05-28 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for measuring swinging residual angle of centrifugal machine |
-
2018
- 2018-04-20 CN CN201820575833.4U patent/CN208140700U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108318665A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-07-24 | 宁波大学 | The transparent soil model experimental provision of a clump of piles and its experimental method under centrifugal condition |
| CN112595634A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Internal deformation analysis experimental device and method for three-dimensional granular material |
| CN112857274A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-05-28 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for measuring swinging residual angle of centrifugal machine |
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