CN207947729U - Soft starter with by-pass switch error protection - Google Patents
Soft starter with by-pass switch error protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN207947729U CN207947729U CN201820097139.6U CN201820097139U CN207947729U CN 207947729 U CN207947729 U CN 207947729U CN 201820097139 U CN201820097139 U CN 201820097139U CN 207947729 U CN207947729 U CN 207947729U
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 250
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 250
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- 101150105073 SCR1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 10
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Abstract
A kind of soft starter with by-pass switch error protection, including microprocessor, the controllable silicon drive circuit and fault detection circuit of by-pass switch, the input terminal of the controllable silicon drive circuit is connected the trigger signal sent out for receiving microprocessor with microprocessor, the output end of controllable silicon drive circuit is connected with threephase asynchronous 3M, the input terminal and output end of the fault detection circuit are connected with controllable silicon drive circuit and microprocessor respectively whether there is failure for detecting the by-pass switch of soft starter, after bypass is run, when the number for the failing edge for detecting signal or rising edge that microprocessor receives fault detection circuit in preset bypass detection cycle is more than preset fault threshold, then judge by-pass switch failure.The utility model is by fault detection circuit, so as to form the closed-loop control system with by-pass switch failure protection function, prevents the risk of the thyristor overheat or damage in controllable silicon drive circuit.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to electron electric power, automation and Motor Control Fields, especially a kind of to have by-pass switch event
Hinder the soft starter of protection.
Background technology
When threephase asynchronous machine across-the-line starting, electric current would generally reach 5 to 8 times or even bigger, generate great impact electricity
Stream generates prodigious fluctuation to the power grid in same a system, and harmful effect is generated to entire transmission system, equipment.By soft start
Device is serially connected between threephase asynchronous machine and three phase network and by the way that the silicon-controlled of soft starter is triggered and driven, can be with
Starting current is configured and is limited to realize motor smooth start.
In existing soft starter, for silicon-controlled trigger circuit there are two types of mode, one of which is to use pulse transforming
Device trigger circuit, another is to borrow anode trigger circuit using optocoupler.However in optocoupler borrows anode trigger circuit, generally adopt
With opened loop control, and do not have control machines abnormal protection, i.e., when silicon-controlled after trigger signal is sent out, soft starter fails
To it is silicon-controlled whether it is timely conducting be detected and feed back, when it is silicon-controlled cannot be connected after trigger signal is sent out or cannot and
When being connected i.e. control machines exception when, optocoupler borrows the output end current of anode trigger circuit that will be more than optic coupling element for a long time
Specified on-state output current, it will cause optic coupling element fail or charging resistor burn.
In addition, in existing soft starter, it is divided into external bypass type, built in bypass formula and online according to bypass mode
Formula, wherein built in bypass formula soft starter are to realize bypass by built-in by-pass switch closure after starting, built-in
By-pass switch in product ontology, the switch without arc-control device is usually used in by-pass switch.However existing built-in
In bypass type soft starter, using the built in bypass switch without arc-control device, when meeting bypass service condition, only to side
Way switch applies closure signal, but has not been able to whether normally closed is detected to by-pass switch, once bypass is in operation shape
After state, if when by-pass switch is closed unreliable or not closed, load current will be flowed through from silicon-controlled, cause silicon-controlled overheat
Protection or failure.
Utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defect of the prior art, provide a kind of closed-loop control, detection in time, safety
The reliable soft starter with by-pass switch error protection.
To achieve the above object, the utility model uses following technical solution:
A kind of soft starter with by-pass switch error protection, includes the silicon-controlled driving of microprocessor 1, by-pass switch
The input terminal of circuit 2 and fault detection circuit 3, the controllable silicon drive circuit 2 is connected with microprocessor 1 for receiving micro- place
The output end of the trigger signal that reason device 1 is sent out, controllable silicon drive circuit 2 is connected with threephase asynchronous 3M for driving three
Phase asynchronous motor 3M is started, the input terminal and output end of the fault detection circuit 3 respectively with controllable silicon drive circuit 2 and micro-
Processor 1 is connected whether there is failure for detecting the by-pass switch of soft starter, and after bypass is run, microprocessor 1 exists
The failing edge of detection signal or the number of rising edge that fault detection circuit 3 is received in preset bypass detection cycle are more than pre-
If fault threshold when, then judge by-pass switch failure.
Preferably, it is bypassing in postrun different time sections, microprocessor 1 judges the fault threshold of by-pass switch failure
And/or bypass detection cycle is different.
Preferably, the bypass detection cycle includes the first bypass detection cycle and second bypasses detection cycle, described
Fault threshold include Fisrt fault threshold value and the second fault threshold, bypassing in postrun first time period, if micro- place
Reason device 1 receives the failing edge of the detection signal of fault detection circuit 3 or the number of rising edge in the first bypass detection cycle
When more than preset Fisrt fault threshold value, then by-pass switch failure is judged, after bypassing postrun first time period, if micro-
Processor 1 receives the failing edge of the detection signal of fault detection circuit 3 or of rising edge in the second bypass detection cycle
When number is more than preset second fault threshold, then judge that by-pass switch failure, the second bypass detection cycle are more than the first bypass and examine
It surveys the period and/or the second fault threshold is less than Fisrt fault threshold value.
Preferably, the first time period is 10s, and the first bypass detection cycle is 10s, the Fisrt fault threshold value
For 250-500;The second bypass detection cycle is 300S, and second fault threshold is 250-500.
Preferably, the fault detection circuit 3 includes U phase detecting circuits, V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits, institute
The input terminal for stating U phase detecting circuits is connected with end with the output end of the U phase controllable silicon drive circuits of controllable silicon drive circuit 2, U
The output end of phase detecting circuit is connected with microprocessor 1, input terminal and the controllable silicon drive circuit 2 of the V phase detecting circuits
The output ends of V phase controllable silicon drive circuits be connected, the output end of V phase detecting circuits is connected with microprocessor 1, the W
The input terminal of phase detecting circuit is connected with the output end of the W phase controllable silicon drive circuits of controllable silicon drive circuit 2, and W phases detect
The output end of circuit is connected with microprocessor 1.
Preferably, the controllable silicon drive circuit 2 includes that optocoupler borrows anode trigger circuit and electric machine soft starting circuit, institute
The input terminal that optocoupler is stated by means of anode trigger circuit is connected with microprocessor 1, optocoupler borrow the output end of anode trigger circuit with
The input terminal of electric machine soft starting circuit is connected the silicon controlled component for triggering electric machine soft starting circuit, the electric machine soft starting
The output end of circuit is connected with the input terminal of fault detection circuit 3 and threephase asynchronous 3M respectively.
Preferably, the U phase detecting circuits include electric bridge DB400, light every U403 and U commutating phase circuits, the electric bridge
The input terminal of DB400 is controllable with cathode K1 and U the phase controllable silicon drive circuit of the controllable silicon SCR 1 of U phase controllable silicon drive circuits
The cathode K2 of silicon SCR2 is connected, and the input terminal of the output end of electric bridge DB400 with light every U403 is connected, and the light is every U403's
Output end is connected with U commutating phase circuit input ends, and the output end of the U commutating phases circuit passes through Uip interfaces and microprocessor 1
It is connected, the structure of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits is identical as the structure of U phase detecting circuits.
Preferably, the first pin of the cathode K1 and electric bridge DB400 of the controllable silicon SCR 1 are connected, and silicon-controlled
It is in series with resistance R421, resistance R422 and resistance R423 between the cathode K1 and electric bridge DB400 of SCR1, the controllable silicon SCR 2
Cathode K2 is connected with the second pin of electric bridge DB400, in the second pin of the first pin and electric bridge DB400 of electric bridge DB400
Between be parallel with capacitance C410, the third pin of electric bridge DB400 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB400 are respectively with light every the of U403
Third pin of two pins with light every U403 is connected, electric bridge DB400 the first pin and electric bridge DB400 third pin it
Between be in series with capacitance C409, be in series with capacitance between the first pin of electric bridge DB400 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB400
C411, the U commutating phase circuits include resistance R424, resistance R425, resistance R426, resistance R427, capacitance C413 and capacitance
C414, light are grounded every the 5th pin of U403, and light is connected every the 6th pin of U403 with one end of resistance R426, the resistance
The other end of R426 is connected by Uip interfaces with microprocessor 1, and light is connected with resistance R427 every the 7th pin of U403 and is followed by
Ground, light are connected with after resistance R424 series connection with the ends power supply VCC every the 8th pin of U403, one end and the electricity of the resistance R425
Source VCC is connected, and sixth pin of the other end with light every U403 is connected, and the capacitance C413 is connected in parallel on light every the of U403
Eight pins and light between the 5th pin of U403 and are grounded, and the capacitance C414's is connected by Uip interfaces with microprocessor 1
It connects the other end to be grounded, the structure of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits is identical as the structure of U phase detecting circuits.
Preferably, it in U phase detecting circuits, is bypassing in postrun first time period, in the phase voltage mistake of U phase power grids
0 in α angles after zero, and the controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 of controllable silicon drive circuit 2 will be connected, current zero-crossing point letter
Number, U phase detecting circuit output ends are high level, after the phase voltage zero crossing of U phase power grids in alpha+beta to π angles, controllable silicon SCR 1
Or controllable silicon SCR 2 will be not turned on, the current zero-crossing point signal U phase detecting circuit output ends of U phase detecting circuits are low level, institute
State α ranging from 90 ° ± 10 °, ranging from 0 ° to 80 ° of the β, the principle of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits with
The principle of U phase detecting circuits is identical.
Preferably, in U phase detecting circuits, after bypassing postrun first time period, after U phase zero crossings 0 to
Controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 conducting of controllable silicon drive circuit 2, U phase detecting circuit output ends in the times of π-T1 × 1/2
For high level, being not turned in the times of width T1 × 1/2 at angle before and after U phase voltage zero crossings, controllable silicon SCR 1 or silicon-controlled
SCR2 cannot be connected, and U phase detecting circuit output ends are low level, the principle and U of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits
The principle of phase detecting circuit is identical.
Preferably, the controllable silicon drive circuit 2 include optocoupler assembly and silicon controlled component, the optocoupler assembly it is defeated
Enter end with microprocessor 1 to be connected, the output end of optocoupler assembly is connected with the input terminal of silicon controlled component, the Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier
The output end of part is connected every with threephase asynchronous 3M for detecting silicon controlled component with the light of fault detection circuit 3 respectively
Whether be connected and soft start, the light every output end be connected for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor with microprocessor 1
Device 1.
The soft starter with by-pass switch error protection of the utility model by microprocessor in soft starter and
Fault detection circuit of the setting with feedback function between controllable silicon drive circuit, is protected so as to form with by-pass switch failure
The closed-loop control system of protective function, i.e. microprocessor can be according to the sides of the feedback information detection soft starter of fault detection circuit
Whether way switch is closed, if detect that by-pass switch is closed unreliable or not closed, this soft starter will report by-pass switch
Error protection is simultaneously shut down, and to prevent the thyristor in controllable silicon drive circuit to overheat or the risk of damage, ensure that
The safety in utilization and reliability of soft starter.In addition, by by by-pass switch fault detect bypass operation be divided into two when
Between section, i.e., soft starter is switched in the postrun first time period of bypass and soft starter is switched to bypass postrun first
After in period, such as bypass in postrun 10s and after 10s so that the soft starter of the utility model is in exfactory inspection
When, by using the postrun preceding 10s of bypass in detection mode can greatly shorten by-pass switch fault detect project
Test period, to improve production efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the functional structure block diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the work flow diagram of the control machines detection of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the U phase optocoupler trigger circuits of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the V phase optocoupler trigger circuits of the utility model;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the W phase optocoupler trigger circuits of the utility model;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the electric machine soft starting circuit of the utility model;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the U phase detecting circuits of the utility model;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the V phase detecting circuits of the utility model;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the W phase detecting circuits of the utility model;
Figure 10 is that the soft starter of the utility model is switched to the by-pass switch failure bypassed in the postrun preceding 10s times
Testing principle schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is that the soft starter of the utility model is switched to the later by-pass switch fault detects of the postrun 10s of bypass
Principle schematic.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiments of the present invention are provided below in conjunction with attached drawing 1 to 11, further illustrate the utility model has side
The soft starter specific implementation mode of way switch error protection.The soft start with by-pass switch error protection of the utility model
Device is not limited to the following description.
As shown in Figure 1, the soft starter with control machines abnormal protection of the utility model include microprocessor 1,
The controllable silicon drive circuit 2 and fault detection circuit 3 of by-pass switch, the input terminal and microprocessor of the controllable silicon drive circuit 2
Device 1 is connected the trigger signal sent out for receiving microprocessor 1, the output end of controllable silicon drive circuit 2 and phase asynchronous electricity
Motivation 3M is connected for driving threephase asynchronous 3M to start, the input terminal and output end point of the fault detection circuit 3
It is not connected with controllable silicon drive circuit 2 and microprocessor 1 for detecting whether the silicon controlled component of controllable silicon drive circuit 2 leads
Lead to and feed back to microprocessor 1, the microprocessor 1 controls sending out or eventually for trigger signal according to feedack
Only.The utility model between the controllable silicon drive circuit 2 and microprocessor 1 of soft starter by being arranged with feedback function
Fault detection circuit 3, so as to form the closed-loop control system with control machines abnormity protection function, the closed-loop control system
The control main body of system can find and correct the deviation of controlled object operation according to feedback information, have stronger anti-interference ability,
It can effectively be controlled, to ensure the realization of predeterminated target, i.e. microprocessor 1 can be according to the anti-of fault detection circuit 3
Whether the silicon controlled component of feedforward information detection controllable silicon drive circuit 2 is connected, and such as silicon-controlled timely conducting indicates silicon-controlled
Component triggering is normal, and soft starter continues to run with;If silicon controlled component fails to be connected in time or fails to be connected, indicates silicon-controlled and touch
Hair is abnormal, then microprocessor 1 stops sending out trigger signal immediately, to protect the safety of circuit.
In addition, the input terminal and output end of the fault detection circuit 3 respectively with controllable silicon drive circuit 2 and microprocessor
1 is connected can also be used to detection soft starter by-pass switch whether there is failure, i.e., bypass run after, microprocessor 1
The failing edge of detection signal of fault detection circuit 3 is received in preset bypass detection cycle or the number of rising edge is more than
When preset fault threshold, then by-pass switch failure is judged.The utility model passes through microprocessor 1 in soft starter and controllable
Fault detection circuit 3 of the setting with feedback function between silicon driving circuit 2, so as to form with by-pass switch error protection
The closed-loop control system of function, i.e. microprocessor 1 can be according to the sides of the feedback information detection soft starter of fault detection circuit 3
Whether way switch is closed, if detect that by-pass switch is closed unreliable or not closed, this soft starter will report by-pass switch
Error protection is simultaneously shut down, and to prevent the thyristor in controllable silicon drive circuit 2 to overheat or the risk of damage, ensure that
The safety in utilization and reliability of soft starter.
The controllable silicon drive circuit 2 includes optocoupler assembly (i.e. photoelectricity bidirectional triode thyristor driver) and Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier
Part, the input terminal of the optocoupler assembly are connected the trigger signal sent out for receiving microprocessor 1 with microprocessor 1, optocoupler
The output end of component is connected with the input terminal of silicon controlled component for providing trigger signal to silicon controlled component, described silicon-controlled
The output end of component is connected every with threephase asynchronous 3M for detecting Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier with the light of fault detection circuit 3 respectively
Whether part is connected and soft start, the light every output end be connected for detection information to be fed back to micro- place with microprocessor 1
Manage device 1.As shown in Fig. 2, when the main road of soft starter starts, microprocessor 1 is by fault detection circuit 3 in real time to silicon-controlled
The conducting situation of component is detected and feeds back to microprocessor 1, when microprocessor 1 sends out trigger signal to silicon controlled component
Afterwards, (general conducting lag time is less than 100 microseconds) will be connected in the optocoupler assembly of corresponding phase, while microprocessor 1 will be in 0 microsecond
Whether the silicon controlled component that corresponding phase is detected in 1000 gsecs has been turned on, and if having been turned on, thinks control machines
Normally, soft starter works on;If do not turned on, think that silicon controlled component triggering is abnormal, soft starter will be because of error protection
And be stopped, prevent optocoupler assembly or other circuit elements from failing.The utility model is by using by microprocessor 1, controllable
The closed-loop control system that silicon driving circuit 2 and fault detection circuit 3 form so that motor works as Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier during soft
For part after trigger signal is sent out, microprocessor 1 can detect the Group of Silicon Controlled Rectifier of corresponding phase within the time of 0 microsecond to 1000 microseconds
Whether part is connected, and avoids caused by detection time is long optocoupler assembly or the failure of other circuit elements, also avoid because
Silicon controlled component triggers abnormal protection caused by detection time is too short.
In addition, in the bypass start-up of soft starter, bypassing in postrun different time sections, microprocessor 1 judges
The fault threshold and/or bypass detection cycle of by-pass switch failure are different.The bypass detection cycle includes that the first bypass is examined
Period and the second bypass detection cycle are surveyed, the fault threshold includes Fisrt fault threshold value and the second fault threshold, is being bypassed
In postrun first time period, if microprocessor 1 receives the inspection of fault detection circuit 3 in the first bypass detection cycle
When the number of the failing edge or rising edge of surveying signal is more than preset Fisrt fault threshold value, then by-pass switch failure is judged;On side
After the postrun first time period in road, if microprocessor 1 receives fault detection circuit 3 in the second bypass detection cycle
When the number of the failing edge or rising edge that detect signal is more than preset second fault threshold, then by-pass switch failure is judged,
In second bypass detection cycle be more than first bypass detection cycle and/or the second fault threshold be less than Fisrt fault threshold value.This practicality
It is novel to be divided into two periods by running by-pass switch fault detect in bypass, i.e., after soft starter is switched to bypass operation
First time period in and after soft starter is switched in the postrun first time period of bypass, such as bypass postrun 10s
After interior and 10s so that the soft starter of the utility model in exfactory inspection, by using the postrun preceding 10s of bypass
Interior detection mode can greatly shorten the test period of by-pass switch fault detect project, to improve production efficiency.
Preferably, the first time period is 10s, and the first bypass detection cycle is 10s, the Fisrt fault threshold value
For 250-500;The second bypass detection cycle is 300S, and second fault threshold is 250-500.Fault threshold is arranged
In 250-500, it is possible to prevente effectively from fault threshold, can also be set to more fewer or greater by misjudgement as needed certainly.
The time of bypass detection cycle need to match with corresponding fault threshold.The 10s times are obtained in conjunction with actual test, and the time is too short,
In the presence of wrong report by-pass switch failure risk;Time is too long, thyristor generates heat larger risk that there are by-pass switches when not closed.
One specific embodiment of the utility model is that the controllable silicon drive circuit 2 includes that optocoupler is touched by means of anode
Power Generation Road and electric machine soft starting circuit, the optocoupler borrow being used for being connected with microprocessor 1 for input terminal for anode trigger circuit
The trigger signal that microprocessor 1 is sent out is received, optocoupler borrows the input of the output end and electric machine soft starting circuit of anode trigger circuit
Hold the silicon controlled component that is connected for triggering electric machine soft starting circuit, the output end of the electric machine soft starting circuit respectively with therefore
The input terminal of barrier detection circuit 3 is connected with threephase asynchronous 3M for fault detect and soft start, the fault detect
The output end of circuit 3 is connected with microprocessor 1 for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor 1.
The optocoupler is made of by means of anode trigger circuit three-phase optocoupler trigger circuit, i.e. U phases optocoupler trigger circuit, V phases
Optocoupler trigger circuit and W phase optocoupler trigger circuits include the optocoupler assembly that optocoupler is formed per phase optocoupler trigger circuit, per phase light
The input terminal of coupling trigger circuit is connected with microprocessor 1 for receiving trigger signal respectively, per the defeated of phase optocoupler trigger circuit
Outlet is connected with electric machine soft starting circuit.
The electric machine soft starting circuit includes three-phase controllable silicon driving circuit, i.e., U phases controllable silicon drive circuit, V phases can
Silicon driving circuit and W phase controllable silicon drive circuits are controlled, includes by the silicon-controlled of silicon-controlled formation per phase controllable silicon drive circuit
Component, the input terminal per phase controllable silicon drive circuit borrow anode trigger circuit and three phase network to be connected with optocoupler, per mutually controllable
The output end of silicon driving circuit is connected with three windings of fault detection circuit 3 and threephase asynchronous 3M respectively, i.e. U phases
The input terminal of controllable silicon drive circuit is connected with the U phase power grids of three phase network, the output end and three of U phase controllable silicon drive circuits
The U phase input terminals of phase asynchronous motor 3M are connected, the input terminal of the V phases controllable silicon drive circuit and the V phases of three phase network
Power grid is connected, and the output end of V phase controllable silicon drive circuits is connected with the V phase input terminals of threephase asynchronous 3M, the W
The input terminal of phase controllable silicon drive circuit is connected with the W phase power grids of three phase network, the output end of W phase controllable silicon drive circuits with
The W phase input terminals of threephase asynchronous 3M are connected.
The fault detection circuit 3 includes three-phase detection circuit, i.e. U phase detecting circuits, V phase detecting circuits is examined with W phases
Slowdown monitoring circuit, the output end of the input terminal and end and the U phase controllable silicon drive circuits of electric machine soft starting circuit of the U phase detecting circuits
It is connected, the output end of U phase detecting circuits is connected with microprocessor 1 for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor 1;It is described
The input terminal of V phase detecting circuits is connected with the output end of the V phase controllable silicon drive circuits of electric machine soft starting circuit, and V phases detect
The output end of circuit is connected with microprocessor 1 for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor 1;The W phase detecting circuits
Input terminal is connected with the output end of the W phase controllable silicon drive circuits of electric machine soft starting circuit, the output end of W phase detecting circuits with
Microprocessor 1 is connected for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor 1.
Specifically, as shown in figure 3, the U phase optocoupler trigger circuits include optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8, optocoupler U9, pressure-sensitive electricity
Resistance RV7, varistor RV8 and varistor RV9, the first pin of the optocoupler U7 are connected with 15V power supplys, and the of optocoupler U7
It is connected with the first pin of optocoupler U8 after the third pins in parallel of two pins and optocoupler U7, the 4th pin and optocoupler of optocoupler U7
The 6th pin of U8 is connected, and the 5th pin of optocoupler U7 is hanging, and the 6th pin of optocoupler U7 is connected with one end of resistance R15
Connect, the first pin of the optocoupler U8 is connected with optocoupler U7, the second pin of optocoupler U8 with and optocoupler U8 third pin simultaneously
It is connected with the first pin of optocoupler U9 after connection, the 4th pin of optocoupler U8 is connected with the 6th pin of optocoupler U9, optocoupler U8
The 5th pin it is hanging, the 6th pin of optocoupler U8 is connected with optocoupler U7, the first pin and the optocoupler U8 phases of the optocoupler U9
Connection, be connected with microprocessor 1 by resistance R20 after the second pin of optocoupler U9 and the third pins in parallel of optocoupler U9 and by
Nexus Mu controls (i.e. trigger signal), the 4th pin of optocoupler U9 are connected with one end of resistance R21, and the 5th of optocoupler U9 draws
Foot is hanging, and the 6th pin of optocoupler U9 is connected with optocoupler U8, and what optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U9 can be in isolation circuits is strong
Light current, while rear end can bear the strong voltage in power grid again;The both ends of the varistor RV7 respectively with optocoupler U7 the 4th
Pin is connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U7, the both ends difference of the varistor RV8 with the 6th pin of optocoupler U7
It is connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U8, the varistor with the 6th pin of the 4th pin of optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U8
The both ends of RV9 are connected with the 6th pin of the 4th pin of optocoupler U9 and optocoupler U9 after being connected in parallel on optocoupler U9 respectively
End, by the rear end of an each optocoupler varistor in parallel, so as to absorb the surge voltage or electricity on the circuitry phase
The back-emf of motivation, while varistor RV7, varistor RV8 and varistor RV9 are in high resistant shape in conventional voltage
State, the only leakage current of microampere order are also in series with capacitance C8 between the first pin of optocoupler U7 and the third pin of optocoupler U9;
The other end of the resistance R15 is connected with one end of resistance R17, the other end of the resistance R17 respectively with electric machine soft starting
Circuit is connected with one end of resistance R16, and the other end of the resistance R16 is connected with electric machine soft starting circuit, and in electricity
The both ends of resistance R16 are parallel with capacitance C7 and backward dioded D5, the capacitance C7 and resistance R16 composition RC charge and discharge electricity successively
Road, the backward dioded D5 are used for one-way conduction, negative half period and optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler are in U phase phase voltages
When U9 is connected, electric current is flowed through from backward dioded D5;The other end of the resistance R21 is connected with one end of resistance R18, institute
The other end for stating resistance R18 is connected with one end of electric machine soft starting circuit and resistance R19 respectively, and the resistance R19's is another
End is connected with electric machine soft starting circuit, and is parallel with capacitance C9 and backward dioded D6, institute successively at the both ends of resistance R19
The capacitance C9 stated and resistance R19 composition RC charge-discharge circuits, the backward dioded D6 is used for one-way conduction, mutually electric in U phases
When pressure is in positive half cycle and optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U9 conductings, electric current is flowed through from backward dioded D6.
As shown in figure 4, the V phase optocoupler trigger circuits include optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5, optocoupler U6, varistor RV4,
Varistor RV5 and varistor RV6, the first pin of the optocoupler U4 are connected with 15V power supplys, the second pin of optocoupler U4
It is connected with the first pin with optocoupler U5 after the third pins in parallel of optocoupler U4, the of the 4th pin of optocoupler U4 and optocoupler U5
Six pins are connected, and the 5th pin of optocoupler U4 is hanging, and the 6th pin of optocoupler U4 is connected with one end of resistance R8, the light
The first pin of coupling U5 is connected with optocoupler U4, the second pin of optocoupler U5 with and the third pins in parallel of optocoupler U5 after with optocoupler
The first pin of U6 is connected, and the 4th pin of optocoupler U5 is connected with the 6th pin of optocoupler U6, the 5th pin of optocoupler U5
Vacantly, the 6th pin of optocoupler U5 is connected with optocoupler U4, and the first pin of the optocoupler U6 is connected with optocoupler U5, optocoupler U6
Second pin and optocoupler U6 third pins in parallel after be connected with microprocessor 1 by resistance R13 and by nexus Mv control
It makes (i.e. trigger signal), the 4th pin of optocoupler U6 is connected with one end of resistance R14, and the 5th pin of optocoupler U6 is hanging, light
The 6th pin of coupling U6 is connected with optocoupler U5, the strong and weak electricity that optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 and optocoupler U6 can be in isolation circuits, simultaneously
Rear end can bear the strong voltage in power grid again;The both ends of the varistor RV4 respectively with the 4th pin and light of optocoupler U4
The 6th pin of coupling U4 is connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U4, the both ends of the varistor RV5 respectively with optocoupler U5
The 4th pin be connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U5 with the 6th pin of optocoupler U5, the two of the varistor RV6
End be connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U6 with the 6th pin of the 4th pin of optocoupler U6 and optocoupler U6 respectively, by
A rear end varistor in parallel for each optocoupler, so as to absorb the anti-electricity of surge voltage or motor on the circuitry phase
Gesture, while varistor RV4, varistor RV5 and varistor RV6 are in high-impedance state, only microampere in conventional voltage
The leakage current of grade, capacitance C5 is also in series between the first pin of optocoupler U4 and the third pin of optocoupler U6;The resistance R8
The other end be connected with one end of resistance R10, the other end of the resistance R10 respectively with electric machine soft starting circuit and resistance R9
One end be connected, the other end of the resistance R9 is connected with electric machine soft starting circuit, and the both ends of resistance R9 successively
It is parallel with capacitance C4 and backward dioded D3, the capacitance C4 and resistance R9 composition RC charge-discharge circuits, described reversed two
Pole pipe D3 is used for one-way conduction, when V phase phase voltages be in negative half period and optocoupler U4, optocoupler U5 and optocoupler U6 are connected, electric current from
It is flowed through on backward dioded D3;The other end of the resistance R14 is connected with one end of resistance R11, and the resistance R11's is another
End is connected with one end of electric machine soft starting circuit and resistance R12 respectively, the other end and the electric machine soft starting electricity of the resistance R12
Road is connected, and is parallel with capacitance C6 and backward dioded D4, the capacitance C6 and resistance successively at the both ends of resistance R12
R12 forms RC charge-discharge circuit, and the backward dioded D4 is used for one-way conduction, positive half cycle and light are in V phase phase voltages
When coupling U4, optocoupler U5 and optocoupler U6 are connected, electric current is flowed through from backward dioded D4.
As shown in figure 5, the W phase optocoupler trigger circuits include optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2, optocoupler U3, varistor RV1,
Varistor RV2 and varistor RV3, the first pin of the optocoupler U1 are connected with 15V power supplys, the second pin of optocoupler U1
It is connected with the first pin with optocoupler U2 after the third pins in parallel of optocoupler U1, the of the 4th pin of optocoupler U1 and optocoupler U2
Six pins are connected, and the 5th pin of optocoupler U1 is hanging, and the 6th pin of optocoupler U1 is connected with one end of resistance R1, the light
The first pin of coupling U2 is connected with optocoupler U1, the second pin of optocoupler U2 with and the third pins in parallel of optocoupler U2 after with optocoupler
The first pin of U3 is connected, and the 4th pin of optocoupler U2 is connected with the 6th pin of optocoupler U3, the 5th pin of optocoupler U2
Vacantly, the 6th pin of optocoupler U2 is connected with optocoupler U1, and the first pin of the optocoupler U3 is connected with optocoupler U2, optocoupler U3
Second pin and optocoupler U3 third pins in parallel after be connected with microprocessor 1 by resistance R6 and by nexus Mw control
4th pin of (i.e. trigger signal), optocoupler U3 is connected with one end of resistance R7, and the 5th pin of optocoupler U3 is hanging, optocoupler U3
The 6th pin be connected with optocoupler U2, the strong and weak electricity that optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2 and optocoupler U3 can be in isolation circuits, while rear end
The strong voltage in power grid can be born again;The both ends of the varistor RV1 respectively with the 4th pin and optocoupler U1 of optocoupler U1
The 6th pin be connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U1, the both ends of the varistor RV2 respectively with optocoupler U2
Four pins are connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U2, the both ends point of the varistor RV3 with the 6th pin of optocoupler U2
It is not connected to be connected in parallel on the rear end of optocoupler U3 with the 6th pin of the 4th pin of optocoupler U3 and optocoupler U3, by each
The rear end of an optocoupler varistor in parallel, so as to absorb the back-emf of surge voltage or motor on the circuitry phase,
Simultaneously in conventional voltage, varistor RV1, varistor RV2 and varistor RV3 are in high-impedance state, only microampere order
Leakage current is also in series with capacitance C2 between the first pin of optocoupler U1 and the third pin of optocoupler U3;The resistance R1's is another
One end is connected with one end of resistance R3, the other end of resistance R3 one end with electric machine soft starting circuit and resistance R2 respectively
It is connected, the other end of the resistance R2 is connected with electric machine soft starting circuit, and is parallel with successively at the both ends of resistance R2
Capacitance C1 and backward dioded D1, the capacitance C1 form RC charge-discharge circuit, the backward dioded D1 with resistance R2
For one-way conduction, when W phase phase voltages are in negative half period and optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2 and optocoupler U3 conductings, electric current is from reversed two
It is flowed through on pole pipe D1;The other end of the resistance R7 is connected with one end of resistance R4, the other end of the resistance R4 respectively with
Electric machine soft starting circuit is connected with one end of resistance R5, and the other end of the resistance R5 is connected with electric machine soft starting circuit,
And it is parallel with capacitance C3 and backward dioded D2, the capacitance C3 successively at the both ends of resistance R5 to fill with resistance R5 compositions RC
Discharge circuit, the backward dioded D2 are used for one-way conduction, positive half cycle and optocoupler U1, optocoupler U2 are in W phase phase voltages
When being connected with optocoupler U3, electric current is flowed through from backward dioded D2.
As shown in fig. 6, the U phase controllable silicon drive circuits include controllable silicon SCR 1, controllable silicon SCR 2 and without arc extinguishing
The by-pass switch S1 (such as magnetic maintained switch and single machine contactor etc.) of device, the controllable silicon SCR 1 and controllable silicon SCR 2 are anti-
To being arranged in parallel and controlled by the trigger signal Mu of microprocessor 1 to form U phase silicon controlled components, the by-pass switch S1
Be connected in parallel between the cathode K1 of controllable silicon SCR 1 and anode, the cathode K1 of controllable silicon SCR 1 as nexus and with phase asynchronous electricity
The U phase input terminals of motivation 3M are connected, the door of one end and controllable silicon SCR 1 after 2 parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR 1 and controllable silicon SCR
Pole G1 respectively with optocoupler borrow anode trigger circuit capacitance C7 and resistance the R16 RC charge-discharge circuit formed be connected, it is described can
The cathode K2 of control silicon SCR2 is nexus and is connected with U phase power grids, another after 2 parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR 1 and controllable silicon SCR
The gate pole G2 of end and controllable silicon SCR 2 borrows the RC charge and discharge of the capacitance C9 and resistance R19 compositions of anode trigger circuit with optocoupler respectively
Circuit is connected.
The V phase controllable silicon drive circuits include controllable silicon SCR 3, controllable silicon SCR 4 and by-pass switch S2, and described can
It controls silicon SCR3 with 4 reverse parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR to be arranged to form V phase silicon controlled components, the by-pass switch S2 is connected in parallel on
Between the cathode K3 and anode of controllable silicon SCR 3, the cathode K3 of controllable silicon SCR 3 is for nexus and with threephase asynchronous 3M's
V phase input terminals are connected, the gate pole G3 difference of one end and controllable silicon SCR 3 after 4 parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR 3 and controllable silicon SCR
Capacitance C4 and resistance the R9 RC charge-discharge circuit formed of anode trigger circuit is borrowed to be connected with optocoupler, the controllable silicon SCR 4
Cathode K4 is nexus and to be connected with V phase power grids, the other end after 4 parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR 3 and controllable silicon SCR and silicon-controlled
The gate pole G4 of SCR4 borrows capacitance C6 and resistance the R12 RC charge-discharge circuit formed of anode trigger circuit to be connected with optocoupler respectively
It connects.
The W phase controllable silicon drive circuits include controllable silicon SCR 5, controllable silicon SCR 6 and by-pass switch S3, and described can
It controls silicon SCR5 with 6 reverse parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR to be arranged to form W phase silicon controlled components, the by-pass switch S3 is connected in parallel on
Between the cathode K5 and anode of controllable silicon SCR 5, the cathode K5 of controllable silicon SCR 5 is for nexus and with threephase asynchronous 3M's
W phase input terminals are connected, the gate pole G5 difference of one end and controllable silicon SCR 5 after 6 parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR 5 and controllable silicon SCR
Capacitance C1 and resistance the R2 RC charge-discharge circuit formed of anode trigger circuit is borrowed to be connected with optocoupler, the controllable silicon SCR 6
Cathode K6 is nexus and to be connected with W phase power grids, the other end after 6 parallel connection of controllable silicon SCR 5 and controllable silicon SCR and silicon-controlled
The gate pole G6 of SCR6 borrows capacitance C3 and resistance the R5 RC charge-discharge circuit formed of anode trigger circuit to be connected with optocoupler respectively.
As shown in fig. 7, the U phase detecting circuits include electric bridge DB400, light every U403 and U commutating phase circuits, the electricity
Cathode K1 (nexus) and U phase silicon-controlled driving of the input terminal of bridge DB400 with the controllable silicon SCR 1 of U phase controllable silicon drive circuits
The cathode K2 (nexus) of the controllable silicon SCR 2 of circuit is connected for by the alternating voltage of the cathode of thyristor and anode
Signal is converted into DC pulse voltage signal, and the output end of electric bridge DB400 is connected every the input terminal of U403 for controllable with light
The detection trigger of silicon cell, the light are connected with U commutating phase circuit input ends for rectifying and wave-filtering, institute every the output end of U403
The output end for stating U commutating phase circuits is connected with microprocessor 1 for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor by Uip interfaces
1.Specifically, the first pin of the cathode K1 and electric bridge DB400 of the controllable silicon SCR 1 are connected, and in controllable silicon SCR 1
Resistance R421, resistance R422 and resistance R423, the cathode K2 of the controllable silicon SCR 2 are in series between cathode K1 and electric bridge DB400
It is connected with the second pin of electric bridge DB400, between the first pin and the second pin of electric bridge DB400 of electric bridge DB400 simultaneously
Be associated with capacitance C410, the third pin of electric bridge DB400 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB400 respectively with light every U403 second pin
Third pin with light every U403 is connected, in parallel between the first pin of electric bridge DB400 and the third pin of electric bridge DB400
There is capacitance C409, capacitance C411 is parallel between the first pin of electric bridge DB400 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB400, it is described
U commutating phase circuits include resistance R424, resistance R425, resistance R426, resistance R427, capacitance C413 and capacitance C414, light every
The 5th pin of U403 is grounded, and light is connected every the 6th pin of U403 with one end of resistance R426, and the resistance R426's is another
One end is connected by Uip interfaces with microprocessor 1, and light is grounded after the 7th pin of U403 is connected with resistance R427, light every
The 8th pin of U403 is connected with after resistance R424 series connection with the ends power supply VCC, one end and the power supply VCC phases of the resistance R425
Connection, sixth pin of the other end with light every U403 be connected, the capacitance C413 be connected in parallel on light every U403 the 8th pin
And light between the 5th pin of U403 and is grounded, being connected with microprocessor 1 by Uip interfaces for the capacitance C414 is another
End ground connection, light are hanging every the 4th pin of U403 every the first pin and light of U403.When work, work as VK2K1For OV or less than one
When constant voltage value (generally 30V or so), optocoupler is not turned on, and Uip is high level, works as VK2K1It is (general to be more than certain voltage value
For 30V or so) when, optocoupler conducting, Uip is low level.
As shown in figure 8, the V phase detecting circuits include electric bridge DB401, light every U404 and V commutating phase circuits, the electricity
Cathode K3 (nexus) and V phase silicon-controlled driving of the input terminal of bridge DB401 with the controllable silicon SCR 3 of V phase controllable silicon drive circuits
The cathode K4 (nexus) of the controllable silicon SCR 4 of circuit is connected for by the alternating voltage of the cathode of thyristor and anode
Signal is converted into DC pulse voltage signal, and the output end of electric bridge DB401 is connected every the input terminal of U404 for controllable with light
The detection trigger of silicon cell, the light are connected with V commutating phase circuit input ends for rectifying and wave-filtering, institute every the output end of U404
The output end for stating V commutating phase circuits is connected with microprocessor 1 for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor by Vip interfaces
1.Specifically, the first pin of the cathode K3 and electric bridge DB401 of the controllable silicon SCR 3 are connected, and in controllable silicon SCR 3
Resistance R428, resistance R429 and resistance R430, the cathode K4 of the controllable silicon SCR 4 are in series between cathode K3 and electric bridge DB401
It is connected with the second pin of electric bridge DB401, between the first pin and the second pin of electric bridge DB401 of electric bridge DB401 simultaneously
Be associated with capacitance C416, the third pin of electric bridge DB401 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB401 respectively with light every U404 second pin
Third pin with light every U404 is connected, in parallel between the first pin of electric bridge DB401 and the third pin of electric bridge DB401
There is capacitance C415, capacitance C417 is parallel between the first pin of electric bridge DB401 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB401, it is described
V commutating phase circuits include resistance R431, resistance R432, resistance R433, resistance R434, capacitance C419 and capacitance C420, light every
The 5th pin of U404 is grounded, and light is connected every the 6th pin of U404 with one end of resistance R433, and the resistance R433's is another
One end is connected by Vip interfaces with microprocessor 1, and light is grounded after the 7th pin of U404 is connected with resistance R434, light every
The 8th pin of U404 is connected with after resistance R431 series connection with the ends power supply VCC, one end and the power supply VCC phases of the resistance R432
Connection, sixth pin of the other end with light every U404 be connected, the capacitance C419 be connected in parallel on light every U404 the 8th pin
And light between the 5th pin of U404 and is grounded, one end of the capacitance C420 is connected by Vip interfaces with microprocessor 1
The other end is grounded, and light is hanging every the 4th pin of U404 every the first pin and light of U404.When work, work as VK4K3For 0V or small
When certain voltage value (generally 30V or so), optocoupler is not turned on, and Vip is high level, works as VK4K3To be more than certain voltage value
When (generally 30V or so), optocoupler conducting, Vip is low level.
As shown in figure 9, the W phase detecting circuits include electric bridge DB402, light every U405 and W commutating phase circuits, the electricity
Cathode K5 (nexus) and W phase silicon-controlled driving of the input terminal of bridge DB402 with the controllable silicon SCR 5 of W phase controllable silicon drive circuits
The cathode K6 (nexus) of the controllable silicon SCR 6 of circuit is connected for by the alternating voltage of the cathode of thyristor and anode
Signal is converted into DC pulse voltage signal, and the output end of electric bridge DB402 is connected every the input terminal of U405 for controllable with light
The detection trigger of silicon cell, the light are connected with W commutating phase circuit input ends for rectifying and wave-filtering, institute every the output end of U405
The output end for stating W commutating phase circuits is connected with microprocessor 1 for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor by Wip interfaces
1.Specifically, the first pin of the cathode K5 and electric bridge DB402 of the controllable silicon SCR 5 are connected, and in controllable silicon SCR 5
Resistance R435, resistance R436 and resistance R437, the cathode K6 of the controllable silicon SCR 6 are in series between cathode K5 and electric bridge DB402
It is connected with the second pin of electric bridge DB402, between the first pin and the second pin of electric bridge DB402 of electric bridge DB402 simultaneously
Be associated with capacitance C422, the third pin of electric bridge DB402 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB402 respectively with light every U405 second pin
Third pin with light every U405 is connected, in parallel between the first pin of electric bridge DB402 and the third pin of electric bridge DB402
There is capacitance C421, capacitance C423 is parallel between the first pin of electric bridge DB402 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB402, it is described
W commutating phase circuits include resistance R438, resistance R439, resistance R440, resistance R441, capacitance C425 and capacitance C426, light every
405 the 5th pin ground connection, light are connected every 405 the 6th pin with one end of resistance R440, and the resistance R440's is another
End is connected by Wip interfaces with microprocessor 1, and light is grounded after 405 the 7th pin is connected with resistance R441, and light is every 405
The 8th pin be connected with the ends power supply VCC with after resistance R438 series connection, one end of the resistance R439 is connected with power supply VCC
It connects, the other end is connected with light every 405 the 6th pin, and the capacitance C425 is connected in parallel on eightth pin and light of the light every 405
It between 405 the 5th pin and is grounded, one end of the capacitance C426 is connected by Wip interfaces with microprocessor 1 another
End ground connection, light are hanging every the 4th pin of U405 every the first pin and light of U405.When work, work as VK6K5For 0V or less than one
When constant voltage value (generally 30V or so), optocoupler is not turned on, and Wip is high level, works as VK6K5It is (general to be more than certain voltage value
For 30V or so) when, optocoupler conducting, Wip is low level.
When work, in U phase optocoupler trigger circuits, when nexus Mu is low level, optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U9's
Input terminal LED lighting just gives the silicon-controlled offer trigger signal of output end inverse parallel of optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U9.Such as
Fruit (V when U phase voltages are in positive half cycleK2> VK1), then electric current successively pass through backward dioded D6, resistance R18, resistance R21,
It is connected with the RC charge-discharge circuit of resistance R16, capacitance C7 after optocoupler U9, optocoupler U8, optocoupler U7, resistance R15, resistance R17, instead
It is in reverse blocking state to diode D5, the pressure drop of optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U9 only have several volts, can be neglected.It can
Control the gate voltage of silicon SCR1Wherein τ=(R18+R21+R15+R17)×C17, by several micro-
After second, VG1K1Voltage be more than the gate trigger voltage of controllable silicon SCR 1, then controllable silicon SCR 1 is begun to turn on, once it is silicon-controlled
After SCR1 conductings, resistance R16, capacitance C7 the RC charge-discharge circuit of composition be just in discharge condition, VG1K1Voltage would not
Continue to rise;If (the V when U phase voltages are in negative half periodK1> VK2), electric current successively pass through backward dioded D5, resistance R17,
After resistance R15, optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8, optocoupler U9, resistance R21, resistance R18 with the RC charge and discharges of the composition of resistance R19 and capacitance C9
Circuit is connected, and backward dioded D6 is in reverse blocking state, and the pressure drop of optocoupler U7, optocoupler U8 and optocoupler U9 only have several volts,
It is negligible.The gate voltage of controllable silicon SCR 2Wherein τ=(R18+R21+R15+R17)×
C9, after several microseconds, VG2K2Voltage be more than controllable silicon SCR 2 gate trigger voltage, then controllable silicon SCR 2 starts to lead
Logical, after the conducting of controllable silicon SCR 2, the RC charge-discharge circuit of the composition of resistance R19 and capacitance C9 is just in discharge condition,
VG2K2Voltage would not continue to rise.
After microprocessor 1 sends out U phase trigger signal Mu, if the controllable silicon SCR 1 of U phases cannot be connected or cannot in time
Conducting, you can control silicon triggering is abnormal.If soft starter 0 microsecond to 1000 microseconds time cannot and Times control machines
It is abnormal, then VK2K1Between voltage it is relatively high always (voltage is specifically how high, depend on phase voltage amplitude and CPU hair triggering letter
The phase angle of the current phase voltage of power grid corresponding to number moment, the voltage highest at 90 °), and backward dioded D6, resistance
The gate pole G1 institutes of R18, resistance R21, optocoupler U9, optocoupler U8, optocoupler U7, resistance R15, resistance R17, capacitance C7 and controllable silicon SCR 1
The loop current I of formationLOOP≈VK2K1÷(R18+R21+R15+R17), it is generally the case that the resistance R18, resistance R21, electricity
The peace treaty of the resistance value of R15 and resistance R17 is hindered in 100 Ω between 500 Ω, therefore ILOOPAbout in 0.45A to 6.2A (according to three
± 15% network voltages of phase AC380V) between, if electric current ILOOPIt will be caused by optocoupler output and charging resistor for a long time
Corresponding U phases optocoupler failure or charging resistor are burnt, since fault detection circuit 3 can be in 0 microsecond to 1000 gsec energy
And Times control machines are abnormal, microprocessor 1 stops sending out the trigger signal of all phases so that U phases optocoupler and charging resistor
All no electric current passes through, to prevent the failure of U phases optocoupler or charging resistor.Due in V phase optocoupler trigger circuits and W phase optocouplers
The operation principle of trigger circuit is identical with U phase optocoupler trigger circuits, therefore details are not described herein.
When fault detection circuit 3 carries out control machines detection, by taking U phase detecting circuits as an example, sent out in microprocessor 1
After U phase trigger signals Wu, when the controllable silicon SCR 1 of U phase optocoupler trigger circuits or the conducting of controllable silicon SCR 2, VK2K1Between voltage
For 0V (ignoring silicon-controlled tube voltage drop), corresponding U phase detecting circuits no current input, the light of U phase detecting circuits is every U403's
The V of output end triodeCECut-off, U phase detecting circuit output ends are high level;And work as the silicon-controlled of U phase optocoupler trigger circuits
When SCR1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 are not turned on, VK2K1Between voltage be not 0V, corresponding U phase detecting circuits will have electric current input, U phases
The light of detection circuit is connected every the VCE of the output end triode of U403, and U phase detecting circuit output ends are low level.If micro- place
Reason device 1 detects that U phase detecting circuit output end level is turned to from low level within the time of preset 0 microsecond to 1000 microseconds
High level, it is normally to be considered as corresponding the silicon-controlled of U phases, if microprocessor 1 is in preset 0 microsecond to 1000 microseconds
Detect that U phase detecting circuit output end level does not change always in time, be considered as corresponding U phases controllable silicon SCR 1 or can
Control silicon SCR2 is not turned on or conducting in time, will report control machines abnormal protection, and the soft starter of the utility model will be because
Error protection and be stopped, prevent U phases optocoupler or charging resistor from failing.Due in V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits
Operation principle is identical with U phase detecting circuits, therefore details are not described herein.The utility model is by by the controllable of microprocessor 1
Silicon conduction detection time control causes optocoupler or charging in 0 microsecond to 1000 microseconds, so as to avoid because detection time is long
Resistance failure, while avoiding and causing control machines abnormal protection because detection time is too short.
As shown in FIG. 10 and 11, when fault detection circuit 3 carries out by-pass switch occlusion detection, by taking U phases as an example, if can
The by-pass switch for controlling silicon driving circuit 2 is not closed, is bypassing in postrun preceding 10s, after the phase voltage zero crossing of U phase power grids
0 to (ranging from 90 ° ± 10 ° of α) in α angles, and the gate pole G2 of gate pole G1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 to controllable silicon SCR 1 are applied always
Add trigger signal;And in α to the π angles after the phase voltage zero crossing of U phase power grids stop to controllable silicon SCR 1 gate pole G1 or
The gate pole G2 of controllable silicon SCR 2 applies trigger signal.If by-pass switch is not closed, 0 to α after phase voltage zero crossing in U phases
In angle, since the gate pole G1 of the controllable silicon SCR 1 or gate pole G2 of controllable silicon SCR 2 has always a trigger signal, controllable silicon SCR 1 or
Controllable silicon SCR 2 will be connected and (ignore conducting delay), and current zero-crossing point signal U phase detecting circuits output end is high level always, by
In motor stator be inductive load, current lagging voltage angle beta (ranging from 0 ° to 80 ° of β), so U phase detecting circuits export
End is high level always in 0 to (alpha+beta) angle (see the Uip signals of Fig. 6);When after the phase voltage zero crossing of U phase power grids (α+
β) in π angles, since the gate pole G1 of controllable silicon SCR 1 or the gate pole G2 of controllable silicon SCR 2 do not have trigger signal, controllable silicon SCR 1
Or controllable silicon SCR 2 will be not turned on, U phase detecting circuit output ends are low level (see the Uip signals of Fig. 6).It is postrun bypassing
In preceding 10s, if microprocessor 1 detects that the number of U phase detecting circuit output end failing edges is more than 250 to 500 in 10s
It is a, then judge by-pass switch failure.T0 in Figure 10 is that soft starter was switched in the bypass postrun preceding 10s times, triggering
Current zero-crossing point negative pulse width when signal is not connected entirely and when the non-normally closed of by-pass switch.
If by-pass switch is not closed, after bypassing postrun preceding 10s, being given in U phases zero crossing 0 to π angles can
The gate pole G1 of control silicon SCR1 or the gate pole G2 of controllable silicon SCR 2 apply always trigger signal, that is to say, that the gate pole of controllable silicon SCR 1
The trigger signal moment of G1 or the gate pole G2 of controllable silicon SCR 2 exist, so 0 to (- T1 × 1/2 the π) time after voltage over zero
The anode of interior controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 is asked with cathode to be connected because bearing high voltage, U phase detecting circuit output ends
For high level;T1 in Figure 11 is that soft starter was switched in the postrun 10s of the bypass later times, and trigger signal is connected entirely
When and current zero-crossing point negative pulse width when the non-normally closed of by-pass switch, the short time before and after U phase voltage zero crossings
It is silicon-controlled in commutation, V in the times of T1 × 1/2K2K1Voltage have tens volts, controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 cannot be connected,
The current zero-crossing point signal U phase detecting circuit output ends of U phase detecting circuits are low level, refer to the Uip waveforms of Fig. 7, actually answer
In, since motor stator is inductive load, the certain angle of current lagging voltage can make due to U phase detecting circuit output ends
Become smaller for low level width T1, even without.After bypassing postrun 10s, if microprocessor 1 detects in 300s
Number to U phase detecting circuit output end signal failing edges is more than 250 to 500, then judges by-pass switch failure.Due in V
The operation principle of phase detecting circuit and W phase detecting circuits is identical with U phase detecting circuits, therefore details are not described herein, in this skill
In art scheme, failing edge is considered equivalent scheme with rising edge, high level and low level, low level and high level, non-because only needing
Gate circuit achieves that.Particularly, the T0 and T1 is the width for being not turned on angle, and the time width of the two is different, the former
Time is longer and is more than 0ms, and the latter's time shorter general numerical value is 0ms~1ms and may be 0ms.
The present embodiment is detected using three-phase detection circuit, and the principle of three-phase detection circuit is identical, and physical circuit is identical
It can also be slightly different.Means are deteriorated as one kind, single-phase or phase to phase fault detection electricity can also be only arranged in fault detection circuit 3
Road also belongs to the scope of protection of the utility model.
It, cannot the above content is specific preferred embodiment further detailed description of the utility model is combined
Assert that the specific implementation of the utility model is confined to these explanations.For the ordinary skill of the utility model technical field
For personnel, without departing from the concept of the premise utility, a number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, should all regard
To belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of soft starter with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:Including microprocessor (1), by-pass switch
Controllable silicon drive circuit (2) and fault detection circuit (3), the input terminal and microprocessor of the controllable silicon drive circuit (2)
(1) be connected the trigger signal sent out for receiving microprocessor (1), and the output end of controllable silicon drive circuit (2) is different with three
Step motor (3M) is connected for driving threephase asynchronous (3M) to start, the input terminal of the fault detection circuit (3)
The by-pass switch being connected respectively for detecting soft starter with controllable silicon drive circuit (2) and microprocessor (1) with output end
With the presence or absence of failure;After bypass is run, microprocessor (1) receives fault detection circuit in preset bypass detection cycle
(3) when the failing edge of detection signal or the number of rising edge is more than preset fault threshold, then judge by-pass switch failure.
2. the soft starter according to claim 1 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:It is run in bypass
In different time sections afterwards, microprocessor (1) judges that the fault threshold of by-pass switch failure and/or bypass detection cycle are different.
3. the soft starter according to claim 2 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:The bypass
Detection cycle includes the first bypass detection cycle and the second bypass detection cycle, and the fault threshold includes Fisrt fault threshold value
With the second fault threshold;
It is bypassing in postrun first time period, if microprocessor (1) receives failure in the first bypass detection cycle
When the failing edge of detection signal or the number of rising edge of detection circuit (3) are more than preset Fisrt fault threshold value, then side is judged
Way switch failure;
After bypassing postrun first time period, if microprocessor (1) receives failure in the second bypass detection cycle
When the failing edge of detection signal or the number of rising edge of detection circuit (3) are more than preset second fault threshold, then side is judged
Way switch failure;
Second bypass detection cycle is more than the first bypass detection cycle and/or the second fault threshold is less than Fisrt fault threshold value.
4. the soft starter according to claim 3 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:When described first
Between section be 10s, it is described first bypass detection cycle be 10s, the Fisrt fault threshold value be 250-500;The second bypass inspection
The survey period is 300S, and second fault threshold is 250-500.
5. the soft starter according to claim 1 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:The failure
Detection circuit (3) includes U phase detecting circuits, V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits, the input terminal of the U phase detecting circuits with
End be connected with the output end of the U phase controllable silicon drive circuits of controllable silicon drive circuit (2), the output end of U phase detecting circuits and
Microprocessor (1) is connected, the input terminal of the V phase detecting circuits and the silicon-controlled driving electricity of the V phases of controllable silicon drive circuit (2)
The output end on road is connected, and the output end of V phase detecting circuits is connected with microprocessor (1), the input of the W phase detecting circuits
End be connected with the output end of the W phase controllable silicon drive circuits of controllable silicon drive circuit (2), the output end of W phase detecting circuits and
Microprocessor (1) is connected.
6. the soft starter according to claim 1 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:Described is controllable
Silicon driving circuit (2) includes that optocoupler borrows anode trigger circuit and electric machine soft starting circuit, the optocoupler to borrow anode trigger circuit
Input terminal is connected with microprocessor (1), and optocoupler borrows the input of the output end and electric machine soft starting circuit of anode trigger circuit
Hold the silicon controlled component that is connected for triggering electric machine soft starting circuit, the output end of the electric machine soft starting circuit respectively with therefore
The input terminal of barrier detection circuit (3) is connected with threephase asynchronous 3M.
7. the soft starter according to claim 5 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:The U phases
Detection circuit includes electric bridge DB400, light every U403 and U commutating phase circuits, and the input terminal and U phases of the electric bridge DB400 is silicon-controlled
The cathode K2 of the controllable silicon SCR 2 of cathode K1 and U the phase controllable silicon drive circuit of the controllable silicon SCR 1 of driving circuit is connected, electricity
Input terminal of the output end of bridge DB400 with light every U403 is connected, and the light is inputted every the output end of U403 with U commutating phase circuits
End is connected, and the output end of the U commutating phases circuit is connected by Uip interfaces with microprocessor (1);
The structure of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits is identical as the structure of U phase detecting circuits.
8. the soft starter according to claim 7 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:It is described silicon-controlled
The first pin of the cathode K1 and electric bridge DB400 of SCR1 are connected, and the cathode K1 and electric bridge DB400 of controllable silicon SCR 1 it
Between be in series with resistance R421, resistance R422 and resistance R423, the second of the cathode K2 and electric bridge DB400 of the controllable silicon SCR 2 draws
Foot is connected, and capacitance C410, electric bridge are parallel between the first pin and the second pin of electric bridge DB400 of electric bridge DB400
The third pin of DB400 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB400 respectively with light every U403 second pin and light every U403 third
Pin is connected, and capacitance C409 is in series between the first pin of electric bridge DB400 and the third pin of electric bridge DB400, in electricity
Capacitance C411, the U commutating phase circuit packets are in series between the first pin of bridge DB400 and the 4th pin of electric bridge DB400
Resistance R424, resistance R425, resistance R426, resistance R427, capacitance C413 and capacitance C414 are included, light connects every the 5th pin of U403
Ground, light are connected every the 6th pin of U403 with one end of resistance R426, the other end of the resistance R426 by Uip interfaces with
Microprocessor (1) is connected, and light is grounded after the 7th pin of U403 is connected with resistance R427, light every U403 the 8th pin with
It is connected with the ends power supply VCC after resistance R424 series connection, one end of the resistance R425 is connected with power supply VCC, the other end and light
Be connected every the 6th pin of U403, the capacitance C413 be connected in parallel on light every U403 the 8th pin and light every the 5th of U403
It between pin and is grounded, the other end ground connection that is connected with microprocessor (1) by Uip interfaces of the capacitance C414;
The structure of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits is identical as the structure of U phase detecting circuits.
9. the soft starter according to claim 4 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:
The fault detection circuit (3) includes U phase detecting circuits, V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits, and the U phases detect
The input terminal of circuit is connected with end with the output end of the U phase controllable silicon drive circuits of controllable silicon drive circuit (2), and U phases detect
The output end of circuit is connected with microprocessor (1), the V of the input terminal and controllable silicon drive circuit (2) of the V phase detecting circuits
The output end of phase controllable silicon drive circuit is connected, and the output end of V phase detecting circuits is connected with microprocessor (1), the W phases
The input terminal of detection circuit is connected with the output end of the W phase controllable silicon drive circuits of controllable silicon drive circuit (2), and W phases detect
The output end of circuit is connected with microprocessor (1);
In U phase detecting circuits, bypassing in postrun first time period, 0 to α after the phase voltage zero crossing of U phase power grids
In angle, the controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 of controllable silicon drive circuit (2) will be connected, and current zero-crossing point signal, U phases detect
Circuit output end is high level, after the phase voltage zero crossing of U phase power grids in alpha+beta to π angles, controllable silicon SCR 1 or silicon-controlled
SCR2 will be not turned on, and the current zero-crossing point signal U phase detecting circuit output ends of U phase detecting circuits are low level, the range of the α
It is 90 ° ± 10 °, ranging from 0 ° to 80 ° of the β;
In U phase detecting circuits, after bypassing postrun first time period, when 0 to π-T1 × 1/2 after U phase zero crossings
The controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 of interior controllable silicon drive circuit (2) are connected, and U phase detecting circuit output ends are high level,
Being not turned in the times of width T1 × 1/2 at angle before and after U phase voltage zero crossings, controllable silicon SCR 1 or controllable silicon SCR 2 cannot be led
Logical, U phase detecting circuit output ends are low level;
The principle of the V phase detecting circuits and W phase detecting circuits is identical as the principle of U phase detecting circuits.
10. the soft starter according to claim 1 with by-pass switch error protection, it is characterised in that:Described can
It includes optocoupler assembly and silicon controlled component to control silicon driving circuit (2), and the input terminal of the optocoupler assembly is connected with microprocessor (1)
Connect, the output end of optocoupler assembly is connected with the input terminal of silicon controlled component, the output end of the silicon controlled component respectively with therefore
The light of barrier detection circuit (3) with threephase asynchronous (3M) every being connected for detecting whether silicon controlled component is connected and soft
It is dynamic, the light every output end be connected for detection information to be fed back to microprocessor (1) with microprocessor (1).
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201820097139.6U CN207947729U (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Soft starter with by-pass switch error protection |
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CN201820097139.6U CN207947729U (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | Soft starter with by-pass switch error protection |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108183634A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Soft starter with by-pass switch error protection |
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2018
- 2018-01-19 CN CN201820097139.6U patent/CN207947729U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108183634A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-19 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Soft starter with by-pass switch error protection |
CN108183634B (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2024-04-19 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Soft starter with bypass switch fault protection |
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