CN207891640U - A kind of system that biomass carbon is prepared by black liquid - Google Patents
A kind of system that biomass carbon is prepared by black liquid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of systems preparing biomass carbon by black liquid, including：Pretreatment unit, semi-transparent membrane filter unit, evaporation and concentration unit, pyrolysis unit for being filtered to black liquid and alkali collection unit.The utility model can fully handle black liquid, and the component rich in lignin is made to be fully used, and biomass carbon be made by pyrolysis, economic benefit is apparent.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to biomass energy recyclings, and biomass is prepared by black liquid more particularly, to one kind
The system of charcoal.
Background technology
In vegetal biomass, cellulose, hemicellulose, three big component of lignin are mainly contained.Cellulose is by grape
The macromolecular polysaccharide of sugar composition, the polysaccharide that hemicellulose is made of a variety of monosaccharide units, xylan is content in hemicellulose
Most structures alones, lignin are a kind of phenol polymers of complexity.In paper technology, usually using alkaline solution boiling
The method of raw material obtains paper pulp, and during boiling, most celluloses, hemi-cellulose components remain in biomass material
Paper pulp is formed, lignin component and a small amount of cellulose, hemicellulose then are dissolved to form raffinate and be discharged by lye, this part
Raffinate is in dark brown, therefore referred to as black liquor.
Black liquor is made of water and solid content, and the composition of solid content is sufficiently complex.Generally solid content includes organic component
With inorganic component two parts, content of organics accounts for 70% or so, mainly a large amount of lignin and a small amount of cellulose, hemicellulose
The degradation product and organic acid of element.Chemistry of lignin's property is stablized, and the product for being further processed into downstream is more difficult.It is big at present
Mostly lignin burning is handled, causes the waste of resource and the pollution of environment.Inorganic content accounts for 30% or so, mainly swims
From sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphate, sodium carbonate, silica etc..Pollution caused by black liquor accounts for 90% left side of gross contamination object occurrence quantity
The right side, therefore, urgent need will be handled black liquor.Traditional alkali reclaiming method first by Black Liquor Concentration to a certain concentration, is then fed into
Alkali recovery furnace makes wherein organic compound combustion, and inorganic matter becomes molten condition at high temperature, forms green liquor (main component after cooling
For Na2CO3), after addition lime causticization is inorganic base NaOH, in recycling to paper pulp manufacturing technique.However such method will produce
White clay and secondary pollution, and organic component is unable to get and makes full use of, and reduces economic benefit.For traditional alkali recovery method
Deficiency, the method that those skilled in the art propose a variety of recycling lignin.However the lignin of high-purity in order to obtain, recycling
Cost too high it is made to be difficult to be utilized.
Utility model content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the utility model provides a kind of system preparing biomass carbon by black liquid.Biomass
Pyrolysis is a kind of important biomass utilization technologies, and pyrolysis is in the absence of air conditions, biomass to be heated to a constant temperature
Degree (generally 300 DEG C -600 DEG C), to obtain biomass carbon and pyrolysis gas, can also obtain biomass after pyrolysis gas is condensed
Tar.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as comprehensive the embodying of three components pyrolysis behavior, main after cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis to obtain
To pyrolysis gas and tar, the primary product after lignin pyrolysis is then biomass carbon.Therefore, black using the papermaking rich in lignin
Liquid prepares biomass carbon, is more advantageous to production charcoal.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solution：
According to the utility model, a kind of system that biomass carbon is prepared by black liquid is also provided, including：
Pretreatment unit for being filtered to black liquid, pretreatment unit include black liquid import, particulate matter
Outlet and the first filtrate (liquid；
Semi-transparent membrane filter unit, semi-transparent membrane filter unit go out including the first filtrate import, semi-permeable membrane posting port, the second filtrate
Mouth and concentrated solution outlet, the first filtrate import are connected with the first filtrate (liquid of pretreatment unit；
It is concentrated by evaporation unit, it includes concentrate import to be evaporated and evaporation concentrated solution outlet to be concentrated by evaporation unit；It evaporates dense
The import of contracting liquid is connected with the concentrated solution outlet of semi-transparent membrane filter unit；
Pyrolysis unit, pyrolysis unit include pyrolysis material inlet, pyrolysis oil gas vent and pyrolytic carbon outlet, pyrolysis material into
Mouth is connected with the evaporation concentrated solution outlet for being concentrated by evaporation unit.
Further, which also includes：
Alkali collection unit, alkali collection unit include the second filtrate import, quick lime import, third filtrate (liquid and are settled out
Mouthful, the second filtrate import is connected with the second filtrate (liquid of semi-transparent membrane filter unit.
Further, pretreatment unit is the one or more combination of grid filtration, sand filtration, plate-frame filtering, bag type filtering.
Further, pretreatment unit filters for bag filter.Bag filter is a kind of structure novel, volume
Small, convenient and flexible operation, energy saving, efficient, closed work, strong applicability multipurpose filter plant, inside by metal basket with netting on top
It supports filter bag, liquid to be flowed by entrance, is flowed out from outlet after sock filtration, impurity intercepts in filter bag, can after replacement filter bag
It is continuing with.Impurity in filter bag needs to discharge after treatment.
Further, semi-transparent membrane filter unit is inorganic semi-transparent film filter, can be flat ceramic film filter
Or hollow fiber membrane filtration device.
Further, pyrolysis unit is heat accumulating type rotating bed.
In a ring, furnace bottom can continuous rotation for heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven burner hearth.The concentration that evaporation and concentration unit is obtained
Liquid is packed by feeding device in the pyrolysis oven of heat accumulating type rotating bed, is equably laid on furnace bottom.It is arranged in gas outlet cold
But device, gas condense in exit, and condensation temperature (exhaust gas temperature) is 200-250 DEG C.Furnace bottom machine drives furnace bottom continuously to turn
Dynamic, the bed of material being layered on furnace bottom is rotated with furnace bottom, and successively by preheating zone, reaction zone, final material is heated to pyrolysis temperature.
In addition, the method for preparing biomass carbon using system as above, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Black liquid is filtered, the first filtrate and filter cake are obtained；Filtering purpose is thick in removal black liquor
Particulate matter, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged.
Step 2：First filtrate is filtered under the action of predetermined pressure with semi-permeable membrane, the second filtrate and dense is obtained
Contracting liquid；Its object is to filter out inorganic base, inorganic salts, the organic matter of small molecule and the most of water in the first filtrate, remain
Remaining macromolecular organic component then forms concentrate.
Step 3：Concentrate is pyrolyzed, biomass carbon, pyrolysis gas and tar are obtained.Pyrolysis gas may return to pyrolysis
It is used as the energy of pyrolysis in the process, to improve the utilization ratio of heat, remaining pyrolysis gas can then rise as fuel storage
Come；Tar such as continues as the raw tar of Hydrogenation bio oil as fuel or other uses for other production purposes.
Further, this method further includes：
Quick lime is added into the second filtrate obtained by step 2 and carries out causticizing reaction, recycles inorganic base.That recycles is inorganic
Alkali can be used as the cooking liquor in paper-making process and be reused for pulping process.
Causticizing reaction is a kind of method of alkaline, mainly for the preparation of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), caustic potash (hydroxide
Potassium).The amount of quick lime is added in the second filtrate should be no less than the 2% of the second filtrate total amount, and following reaction mainly occurs：
CaO+H2O=Ca (OH)2
Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaCO3
Na2S+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaS
Na2SO4+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaSO4
The operation temperature of usual causticizing reaction is 90-110 DEG C, at this temperature, is conducive to CaCO3Etc. precipitations precipitation.
The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4It forms lime mud as precipitation and is deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase
In part.Liquid phase part is using the refined liquid caustic soda that can be obtained high-purity, to add in the digestion process of paper technology.
Further, this method further includes：
It is calculated in mass percent, the moisture content that the concentrate in step 2 is concentrated by evaporation to solid content is reached into 15%-
After 20%, then it is pyrolyzed.
Further, semi-permeable membrane is ceramic membrane or hollow-fibre membrane.
Further, semi-permeable membrane is the semi-permeable membrane that the molecular weight that can be retained is 1500-2500.
Further, predetermined pressure is 1.0-2.0MPa in step 2, and the feed liquor temperature of filtering is 60 DEG C -90 DEG C.Due to
Black liquid from cooking liquor, inherently have certain temperature, it is not cooled down in filter process, thus filtering into
Liquid temperature is 60-90 DEG C.It can so that filter effect is more preferable using the feed liquor of the filtering with residual temperature.
Further, pyrolysis temperature is 450 DEG C -600 DEG C, pyrolysis time 1.0h-1.8h in step 3, and heating rate is
5-10℃/min。
Further, the biomass carbon being pyrolyzed has the advantages that specific surface is big, ash content is few, can further process
To obtain downstream product, such as activated carbon, biomass carbon base.
Further, it is pressurizeed using the first filtrate of high-pressure pump pair.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that：
(1) method of the utility model can fully handle black liquid, and the component rich in lignin is made to obtain abundant profit
With, by pyrolysis biomass carbon is made, economic benefit is apparent.
(2) method and system of the utility model not will produce secondary pollution, while can also utilize organic component system
It is standby to obtain biomass carbon.
(3) the utility model only needs the component to being rich in lignin in black liquor to be pyrolyzed, and does not need to obtain purity
Very high lignin.Compared to other methods for recycling lignin, the cost of the utility model is lower.
(4) use heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis lignin, by modes such as pyrolysis gas reuses, make the thermal efficiency reach 90% with
On, decrease cost while reducing energy consumption.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the system for preparing biomass carbon by black liquid of the embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram that biomass carbon is prepared by black liquid according to the embodiments of the present invention.
Reference numeral
1 pretreatment unit, 2 semi-transparent membrane filter units, 3 are concentrated by evaporation unit, 4 pyrolysis units, 5 alkali collection units.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implement
Example, the present invention will be further described in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only explaining this
Utility model is not used to limit the utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of system that biomass carbon is prepared by black liquid, including：For being carried out to black liquid
The pretreatment unit 1 of filter, is concentrated by evaporation unit 3, pyrolysis unit 4 and alkali collection unit 5 at semi-transparent membrane filter unit 2.
Pretreatment unit 1 includes black liquid import, particulate matter outlet and the first filtrate (liquid；
Semi-transparent membrane filter unit 2 goes out including the first filtrate import, semi-permeable membrane posting port, the second filtrate (liquid and concentrate
Mouthful, the first filtrate import is connected with the first filtrate (liquid of pretreatment unit 1；
It includes that concentrate import to be evaporated and evaporation concentrated solution export to be concentrated by evaporation unit 3；Evaporation concentrated solution import and half
The concentrated solution outlet of permeable membrane filter element 2 is connected；
Pyrolysis unit 4 includes pyrolysis material inlet, pyrolysis oil gas vent and pyrolytic carbon outlet, is pyrolyzed material inlet and evaporation
The evaporation concentrated solution outlet of upgrading unit 3 is connected.
Alkali collection unit 5 includes the second filtrate import, quick lime import, third filtrate (liquid and precipitation outlet, the second filter
Liquid import is connected with the second filtrate (liquid of semi-transparent membrane filter unit 2.
Preferably, pretreatment unit 1 is the one or more combination of grid filtration, sand filtration, plate-frame filtering, bag type filtering.
It is highly preferred that pretreatment unit 1 filters for bag filter.Bag filter be a kind of structure novel, it is small,
Convenient and flexible operation, energy saving, efficient, closed work, strong applicability multipurpose filter plant, inside supported by metal basket with netting on top
Filter bag, liquid are flowed by entrance, are flowed out from outlet after sock filtration, and impurity intercepts in filter bag, can be continued after replacing filter bag
It uses.Impurity in filter bag needs to discharge after treatment.
Preferably, semi-transparent membrane filter unit 2 be inorganic semi-transparent film filter, can be flat ceramic film filter or
Hollow fiber membrane filtration device.The semi-permeable membrane wherein used is the semi-permeable membrane that the molecular weight that can be retained is 1500-2500.
Preferably, pyrolysis unit 4 is heat accumulating type rotating bed.
In a ring, furnace bottom can continuous rotation for heat accumulating type rotating bed pyrolysis oven burner hearth.The concentration that evaporation and concentration unit 3 is obtained
Liquid is packed by feeding device in the pyrolysis oven of heat accumulating type rotating bed, is equably laid on furnace bottom.It is arranged in gas outlet cold
But device, gas condense in exit, and condensation temperature (exhaust gas temperature) is 200-250 DEG C.Furnace bottom machine drives furnace bottom continuously to turn
Dynamic, the bed of material being layered on furnace bottom is rotated with furnace bottom, and successively by preheating zone, reaction zone, final material is heated to pyrolysis temperature.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with bag filter, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, the first filtrate
Then enter next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 1.0MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 60 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is ceramic membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 25.4%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, make the moisture content of its solid content reach 20% (with
Mass percentage).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 90 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 600 DEG C, and heating rate is 5 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.0h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 200 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 1. 600 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 47.8 | 18.3 | 33.9 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 47.8%, biomass carbon yield higher.Vegetal biomass is mainly by cellulose, half
Cellulose, three big component of lignin are constituted.Cellulose be by glucose group at macromolecular polysaccharide, hemicellulose is by a variety of lists
The polysaccharide of sugar unit composition, xylan is the structures alone that content is most in hemicellulose, and lignin is a kind of phenols of complexity
Polymer.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as the general performance of these three components pyrolysis behavior, wherein cellulose, hemicellulose
Temperature when being pyrolyzed Main Stage is relatively low, and between 250 DEG C to 400 DEG C, and for lignin, temperature is at 450 DEG C or more.
Pyrolysis temperature is 600 DEG C in this example, and the cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis in biomass material will produce more gas and oil,
And lignin will produce more solid carbons.Therefore, the biomass carbon yield higher prepared by black liquid.And at this
Make to be fully used rich in lignin component in the process.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with grid filtration, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, and the first filtrate is then
Into next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 1.2MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 70 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is ceramic membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 27.8%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, the moisture content of its solid content is made to reach 18.7%
(being calculated in mass percent).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 100 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 550 DEG C, and heating rate is 6 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.1h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 210 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 2. 550 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 50.2 | 19.6 | 30.2 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 50.2%, biomass carbon yield higher.Vegetal biomass is mainly by cellulose, half
Cellulose, three big component of lignin are constituted.Cellulose be by glucose group at macromolecular polysaccharide, hemicellulose is by a variety of lists
The polysaccharide of sugar unit composition, xylan is the structures alone that content is most in hemicellulose, and lignin is a kind of phenols of complexity
Polymer.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as the general performance of these three components pyrolysis behavior, wherein cellulose, hemicellulose
Temperature when being pyrolyzed Main Stage is relatively low, and between 250 DEG C to 400 DEG C, and for lignin, temperature is at 450 DEG C or more.
Pyrolysis temperature is 550 DEG C in this example, and the cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis in biomass material will produce more gas and oil,
And lignin will produce more solid carbons.Therefore, the biomass carbon yield higher prepared by black liquid.And at this
Make to be fully used rich in lignin component in the process.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with sand filtration, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, and the first filtrate then enters
Next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 1.4MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 80 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is hollow-fibre membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 29.5%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, make the moisture content of its solid content reach 15% (with
Mass percentage).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 110 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 500 DEG C, and heating rate is 8 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.3h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 220 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 2. 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 53.4 | 20.1 | 26.5 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 53.4%, biomass carbon yield higher.Vegetal biomass is mainly by cellulose, half
Cellulose, three big component of lignin are constituted.Cellulose be by glucose group at macromolecular polysaccharide, hemicellulose is by a variety of lists
The polysaccharide of sugar unit composition, xylan is the structures alone that content is most in hemicellulose, and lignin is a kind of phenols of complexity
Polymer.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as the general performance of these three components pyrolysis behavior, wherein cellulose, hemicellulose
Temperature when being pyrolyzed Main Stage is relatively low, and between 250 DEG C to 400 DEG C, and for lignin, temperature is at 450 DEG C or more.
Pyrolysis temperature is 500 DEG C in this example, and the cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis in biomass material will produce more gas and oil,
And lignin will produce more solid carbons.Therefore, the biomass carbon yield higher prepared by black liquid.And at this
Make to be fully used rich in lignin component in the process.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with bag filter, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, the first filtrate
Then enter next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 1.6MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 90 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is hollow-fibre membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 30.4%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, the moisture content of its solid content is made to reach 14.1%
(being calculated in mass percent).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 95 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 450 DEG C, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.5h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 240 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 2. 450 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 57.6 | 20.6 | 21.8 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 57.6%, biomass carbon yield higher.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with bag filter, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, the first filtrate
Then enter next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 1.6MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 65 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is hollow-fibre membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 29.8%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, the moisture content of its solid content is made to reach 14.5%
(being calculated in mass percent).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 105 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 480 DEG C, and heating rate is 9 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.8h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 250 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 2. 480 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 55.2 | 21.3 | 23.5 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 55.2%, biomass carbon yield higher.Vegetal biomass is mainly by cellulose, half
Cellulose, three big component of lignin are constituted.Cellulose be by glucose group at macromolecular polysaccharide, hemicellulose is by a variety of lists
The polysaccharide of sugar unit composition, xylan is the structures alone that content is most in hemicellulose, and lignin is a kind of phenols of complexity
Polymer.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as the general performance of these three components pyrolysis behavior, wherein cellulose, hemicellulose
Temperature when being pyrolyzed Main Stage is relatively low, and between 250 DEG C to 400 DEG C, and for lignin, temperature is at 450 DEG C or more.
Pyrolysis temperature is 480 DEG C in this example, and the cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis in biomass material will produce more gas and oil,
And lignin will produce more solid carbons.Therefore, the biomass carbon yield higher prepared by black liquid.And at this
Make to be fully used rich in lignin component in the process.
Embodiment 6
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with bag filter, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, the first filtrate
Then enter next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 1.8MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 85 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is hollow-fibre membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 32.3%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, the moisture content of its solid content is made to reach 13.7%
(being calculated in mass percent).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 95 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 520 DEG C, and heating rate is 7 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.6h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 230 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 2. 520 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 51.9 | 21.0 | 27.1 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 51.9%, biomass carbon yield higher.Vegetal biomass is mainly by cellulose, half
Cellulose, three big component of lignin are constituted.Cellulose be by glucose group at macromolecular polysaccharide, hemicellulose is by a variety of lists
The polysaccharide of sugar unit composition, xylan is the structures alone that content is most in hemicellulose, and lignin is a kind of phenols of complexity
Polymer.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as the general performance of these three components pyrolysis behavior, wherein cellulose, hemicellulose
Temperature when being pyrolyzed Main Stage is relatively low, and between 250 DEG C to 400 DEG C, and for lignin, temperature is at 450 DEG C or more.
Pyrolysis temperature is 520 DEG C in this example, and the cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis in biomass material will produce more gas and oil,
And lignin will produce more solid carbons.Therefore, the biomass carbon yield higher prepared by black liquid.And at this
Make to be fully used rich in lignin component in the process.
Embodiment 7
As shown in Fig. 2, carrying out the preparation of biomass carbon using system as described above.
Step 1：Use the black liquid in paper mill for raw material, the content of the solid content of the black liquid is 18.2%, is made
Bulky grain solid content therein is filtered with plate-frame filtering, obtained filter cake is up to standard after treatment to be discharged, and the first filtrate is then
Into next step.
Step 2：First filtrate under the action of high-pressure pump enter semi-transparent film filter, inlet hydraulic 2.0MPa, into
Liquid temperature is 75 DEG C.Semi-permeable membrane is hollow-fibre membrane, and its object is to by the inorganic base in the first filtrate, inorganic salts, small molecule
Organic matter and most of water filter out to obtain the second filtrate；The macromolecular organic component not filtered out then forms concentrate,
The content of solid content is 33.0%, is later further concentrated by evaporation concentrate, the moisture content of its solid content is made to reach 13.2%
(being calculated in mass percent).
Step 3：Second filtrate, which carries out causticizing reaction, enables inorganic base to recycle.It is added into the second filtrate excessive
Quick lime, addition should be no less than the 2% of total amount, and operation temperature is 108 DEG C.The CaCO of generation3、CaS、CaSO4As heavy
It forms sediment and forms lime mud and be deposited in reaction tank bottom, sodium hydroxide is then present in liquid phase part.This part solution is using refined
The liquid caustic soda that can be obtained a concentration of 30%-32%, to add in digestion process.
Step 4：The concentrate being further concentrated by evaporation in step 2 is entered in heat accumulating type rotating bed and is pyrolyzed, pyrolysis temperature
Degree is set as 560 DEG C, and heating rate is 8 DEG C/min, pyrolysis time 1.7h.The gas outlet of heat accumulating type rotating bed condenses,
Condensation temperature is 240 DEG C, and collects pyrolysis gas and bio-oil respectively, and biomass carbon is then discharged by the discharge system of bottom.
Charcoal, gas, the yield of oil are as shown in table 1；
The yield of charcoal, gas, oil after 2. 560 DEG C of pyrolysis of table
| Biomass carbon (%) | Fixed gas (%) | Bio-oil (%) | |
| Solid content | 49.4 | 22.1 | 28.5 |
The yield of biomass carbon is generally prepared by raw material of lignocellulose biomass as 30-40%, and it is black by papermaking
Biomass carbon yield prepared by liquid is 49.4%, biomass carbon yield higher.Vegetal biomass is mainly by cellulose, half
Cellulose, three big component of lignin are constituted.Cellulose be by glucose group at macromolecular polysaccharide, hemicellulose is by a variety of lists
The polysaccharide of sugar unit composition, xylan is the structures alone that content is most in hemicellulose, and lignin is a kind of phenols of complexity
Polymer.The pyrolysis of biomass is regarded as the general performance of these three components pyrolysis behavior, wherein cellulose, hemicellulose
Temperature when being pyrolyzed Main Stage is relatively low, and between 250 DEG C to 400 DEG C, and for lignin, temperature is at 450 DEG C or more.
Pyrolysis temperature is 560 DEG C in this example, and the cellulose, hemicellulose pyrolysis in biomass material will produce more gas and oil,
And lignin will produce more solid carbons.Therefore, the biomass carbon yield higher prepared by black liquid.And at this
Make to be fully used rich in lignin component in the process.
It these are only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, be not used for limiting the scope of the utility model；If
The spirit and scope for not departing from the utility model, are modified or replaced equivalently the utility model, should all cover in this reality
In novel scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of system preparing biomass carbon by black liquid, which is characterized in that including：
Pretreatment unit for being filtered to black liquid, the pretreatment unit include black liquid import, particulate matter
Outlet and the first filtrate (liquid；
Semi-transparent membrane filter unit, the semi-transparent membrane filter unit go out including the first filtrate import, semi-permeable membrane posting port, the second filtrate
Mouth and concentrated solution outlet, the first filtrate import are connected with the first filtrate (liquid of the pretreatment unit；
It is concentrated by evaporation unit, the evaporation and concentration unit includes concentrate import to be evaporated and evaporation concentrated solution outlet；The steaming
Hair concentrate import is connected with the concentrated solution outlet of the semi-transparent membrane filter unit；
Pyrolysis unit, the pyrolysis unit include pyrolysis material inlet, pyrolysis oil gas vent and pyrolytic carbon outlet, the pyrogen
Material import is connected with the evaporation concentrated solution outlet for being concentrated by evaporation unit.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also include：
Alkali collection unit, the alkali collection unit include the second filtrate import, quick lime import, third filtrate (liquid and are settled out
Mouthful, the second filtrate import is connected with second filtrate (liquid of the semi-transparent membrane filter unit.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pyrolysis unit is heat accumulating type rotating bed.
4. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pretreatment unit is grid filtration, sand filtration, sheet frame mistake
It filters, the one or more combination of bag type filtering.
5. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the semi-transparent membrane filter unit is inorganic semi-transparent membrane filtration dress
It sets.
6. system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the inorganic semi-transparent film filter is ceramic membrane mistake
Filter device or hollow fiber membrane filtration device.
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