A kind of multi-state wheel rail adhesion coefficient testing device
Technical field
The utility model is related to multi-state wheel rail adhesion coefficient testing devices.
Background technology
Wheel rail adhesion decides train traction and braking, when there are the impurity such as oil, water and leaf on track, wheel rail adhesion
It can drastically decline, need to apply rubbing agent to wheel track at this time, on the one hand wheel track surface is cleaned, is on the other hand connect for wheel track
It touches and third medium is provided, ensure vehicle driving safety to increase wheel rail adhesion coefficient.Only pass through the wheel condition after friction at present
Wheel-rail friction agent thickening property is weighed with sliding friction experiment, still wheel-rail friction coefficient is improved without accurately weighing rubbing agent
The experimental rig of performance constrains wheel-rail friction agent research and development of products, affects the research of vehicle wheel rail adhesion.In addition, because of wheel track
State and vehicle running environment difference are larger, and wheel rail adhesion index impacts factor is more, and precise restoration vehicle-state needs multiple
Test parameters intercouples, and there is no specific test standard and test method to test the thickening of wheel-rail friction agent at present and provides
With reference to.
A kind of measurement of rail vehicle wheel track adhesion coefficient of the disclosure of the invention of Chinese application number CN201510160372.5
Method and device initiatively promotes wheel dynamic to occurring sliding by the way that the brake-cylinder pressure for being applied to the first axle is adjusted
Make, and then obtains wheel rail adhesion coefficient.A kind of high-speed train braking system that Chinese application number CN201410687699.3 is provided
Emulation platform and test method are modified by the hardware in loop mode of high-speed train braking control device by analogue system
Parameter, or parameter is changed by in-kind portion, to measure wheel rail adhesion.Above two invention cannot all measure wheel-rail friction agent pair
The influence of wheel rail adhesion coefficient can not complete the evaluation to wheel-rail friction agent thickening property.
Invention content
The purpose of this utility model is to propose that a kind of multi-state wheel rail adhesion coefficient testing device, the device can rub in use
Adhesion coefficient is tested under liniment state, to make an appraisal to wheel-rail friction agent thickening property.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme that:The utility model, which has, to be arranged in workbench
On slippage gear-box, sample load maintainer, rubbing agent load maintainer, change gear box and driving motor, additionally have it is upper
Shaft, transmission shaft, lower rotary shaft;Upper shaft and lower rotary shaft are parallel, and transmission shaft and lower rotary shaft are respectively by being arranged axis on the table
Bearing supports, and there are change gear box two output shafts, the first output shaft to be connected by one end of the first transmission mechanism and transmission shaft,
The other end of transmission shaft is connect with the input gear in slippage gear-box, one end and the output gear in slippage gear-box of upper shaft
Wheel connection, the other end are connected with sample, the second output shaft of change gear box pass through the second transmission mechanism and lower rotary shaft one
End connection, the other end of lower rotary shaft are connected with lower sample;Sample load maintainer includes fixed sample load liquid on the table
Cylinder pressure and support base and the lever body being sitting on support base, above-mentioned transmission shaft and upper shaft both pass through lever body, lever body with
Transmission shaft is that fulcrum drives upper shaft to move down, and causes to depress sample under sample;The rubbing agent load maintainer includes being fixed on
Pedestal on holder and the movable stand and fixed frame being set on the base, the top of fixed frame are fixed with sliding bearing, mobile
Retaining sleeve is fixed on frame, retaining sleeve is stretched out by the direction of the upward sample of sliding bearing, and the folder of dynamic cooperation is equipped in retaining sleeve
Bar is held, spring is equipped between supporting rod and the bottom wall of retaining sleeve, supporting rod is equipped with interchangeable clamping head, is fixed on interchangeable clamping head
There are blocky rubbing agent, supporting rod to drive the blocky upper sample of rubbing agent friction.
This test device also has first medium for pipe and second medium for pipe, and first medium is for pipe and second medium for pipe
Nozzle against between upper and lower sample.
By wriggling water pump by first medium for providing aqueous medium between the up and down sample of pipe.
Wind-force is provided for pipe by air pump or external pressure gas, by first medium for being provided between the up and down sample of pipe
Sand dust.
From wriggling oil pump to second medium oil medium is provided for pipe.
Workbench is equipped with the dielectric film filter box below lower sample.
The pedestal of the rubbing agent load maintainer has two side, and the lead screw of axial limiting is equipped between two side, mobile
The lower part of frame is connect with wire rod thread, and lead screw is equipped with lock nut.
Circulating lubricating oil is provided from hydraulic power unit to change gear box, each bearing block, sample loading hydraulic cylinder.
Torque and speed sensors are serially connected on the lower rotary shaft, sample load maintainer is equipped with the vertical force snesor of sample, rubs
Liniment load maintainer is equipped with rubbing agent and loads force snesor, also sets up water flow sensor and lubricating oil temperature sensor in addition.
The utility model has following good effect:
1, the utility model is accurately loaded the vertical force of upper sample on lower sample by sample load maintainer, is passed through
Rubbing agent load maintainer will grind sub- rubbing agent and be applied on upper sample, also be convenient to other rubbing agents simulation wheel track system is added
System is to be realized with and without under the operating mode of rubbing agent, the accurate measurement of upper and lower sample adhesion coefficient in upper and lower sample, 2, this practicality
The novel transmission ratio with different gears realizes the slip control between upper and lower sample, reduces driving motor quantity, ensure that wheel
The accuracy of rail slip improves the relative linear velocity of upper and lower sample, effectively prevents interaction when Dual-motors Driving
It influences.3, the utility model is realized viscous in the case of having medium by injection water, sand and oil medium between quantitatively up and down sample
Coefficient determination.4, the utility model has test of the rubbing agent-without three stage of rubbing agent different medium to try by no rubbing agent-
It tests, obtains the adhesion coefficient of the different upper and lower samples of operating mode, simulate the wheel track state of actual vehicle, solve wheel-rail friction agent
The problem that thickening property is unable to measure, to make an appraisal to wheel-rail friction agent thickening property, to formulate the experiment of wheel-rail friction agent
Standard and method provide authentic experiments foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of sample load maintainer.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of rubbing agent load maintainer.
Fig. 5 is the installation diagram of upper and lower sample.
Label in attached drawing is as follows:Slippage gear-box 1, upper shaft 2, sample load maintainer 3, upper sample 4, lower sample 5, examination
Sample locking nut 6, bearing block 7, lower rotary shaft 8, rubbing agent load maintainer 9, torque and speed sensors 10, shaft coupling 11, sample hang down
Straight force snesor 12, transmission mechanism 13, change gear box 14, driving motor 15, hydraulic power unit 16, transmission shaft 17, rubbing agent add
Force snesor 18, case 19, workbench 20, first medium are carried for pipe 21, second medium for pipe 22, dielectric film filter box 23.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
See that Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the present embodiment have the slippage gear-box 1 being arranged on workbench 20, upper shaft 2, sample load
Mechanism 3, lower rotary shaft 8, rubbing agent load maintainer 9, change gear box 14, driving motor 15, transmission shaft 17.
The upper shaft 2 and lower rotary shaft 8 are parallel, and transmission shaft 17 and lower rotary shaft 8 are respectively by being arranged bearing on the table
Seat 7 supports, and transmission shaft 17 is a long axis, can be made of more piece, is connected by shaft coupling between two sections, change gear box 14 has
Two output shafts, the first output shaft 14-1 are connect by the first transmission mechanism 13-1 with one end of transmission shaft 17, transmission shaft 17 it is another
One end is connect with the input gear 1-1 in slippage gear-box 1, one end and the output gear 1- in slippage gear-box 1 of upper shaft 2
2 connections, the other end are connected with cricoid upper sample 4, and upper sample 4 is locked by sample locking nut 6.The second of change gear box 14
Output shaft 14-2 is connect by the second transmission mechanism 13-2 with one end of lower rotary shaft 8, and the other end of lower rotary shaft 8 is connected with cricoid
Lower sample 5, lower sample 5 are equally locked by sample locking nut 6.The outside of upper and lower sample is equipped with case 19.
The lower rotary shaft 8 is made of two nodal axisns, needs the both ends of the torque and speed sensors being serially connected in lower rotary shaft 8 10 each
It is connected with corresponding nodal axisn by yielding coupling.
Above-mentioned first transmission mechanism 13-1 and the second transmission mechanism 13-2 is belt gear.When driving motor 15 is transported
Row drives transmission shaft 17 and lower rotary shaft 8 to rotate by change gear box 14, and transmission shaft 17 is driven by slippage gear-box 1 to be turned
Axis 2 rotates.By replacing the input in slippage gear-box 1, output gear changes slip, and slip can realize grade tune
Section.
The sample load maintainer 3 include be fixed on sample loading hydraulic cylinder 3-1, support base 3-2 on workbench 20 and
Lever body 3-3, lever body 3-3 are sitting on support base 3-2, and the middle part of lever body 3-3 is equipped with fulcrum axis hole, above-mentioned lever body one end
Bottom surface is equipped with pressure block 3-4, and the other end of lever body 3-3 is equipped with pressure axis hole, and the transmission shaft 17 passes through lever body fulcrum
Axis hole and be dynamic cooperation, upper shaft 2 be in the pressure axis hole of lever body and coordinates to be dynamic.In the present embodiment, lever body 3-3 exists
It is unbalanced in the case of no external force, one end of shaft 2 is lighter in bearing, and handle 3- is equipped on this one end of lever body
3-1 puts down for lifting this one end of lever body, is placed on sample 4.It is connected on the piston rod of loading hydraulic cylinder 3-1
The vertical force snesor 12 of sample, to the pressure real-time capture of hydraulic oil, accuracy of the sample to the vertical force of lower sample in guarantee.
The vertical force snesor 12 of sample bears pressure by steel ball 3-5, and when being stretched on piston rod, steel ball 3-5 is contacted with pressure block 3-4.Lever
With transmission shaft 17 for branch spot wobble, shaft 2 moves down that upper sample 4 is driven to move down body 3-3 in drive, and sample 4 is caused to push
Lower sample 5.When sample rotates, and has certain pressure between sample, there will be moment of friction generation between the two, this rubs
It wipes torque to act on torque and speed sensors 12 by lower rotary shaft 8, through computer acquisition process, finally in computer control plane
It is shown on plate.
The rubbing agent load maintainer 9 includes pedestal 9-1, movable stand 9-5, fixed frame 9-6 and retaining sleeve 9-8, pedestal 9-1
It is fixed on holder 20-1, pedestal 9-1 has two side, and the lead screw 9-2, movable stand 9-5 of axial limiting are equipped between two side
Lower part be threadedly coupled with lead screw 9-2, lead screw 9-2 be equipped with lock nut 9-3.The top of movable stand 9-5 is equipped with mounting hole, Gu
The top for determining frame 9-6 is fixed with sliding bearing 9-10, and the one end open of retaining sleeve 9-8, one end closing, retaining sleeve 9- 8 is to be open
End is inserted into sliding bearing 9-10 towards sample and is slidably connected with sliding bearing 9-10, and blind end is inserted into movable stand 9-5's
It in mounting hole and stretches out, rubbing agent load force snesor 18, retaining sleeve is installed on the position of the stretching movable stand 9-5 of blind end
It is equipped with spring 9-9 between the blind end bottom wall of supporting rod 9-11, supporting rod 9-11 and retaining sleeve 9-8 equipped with dynamic cooperation in 9-8,
Supporting rod 9-11 is equipped with interchangeable clamping head 9-13, and blocky rubbing agent 9-14 is fixed on interchangeable clamping head 9-13.Supporting rod 9-
11 are equipped with guide groove 9-11a close to the side of sample, and stop screw 9-12, stop screw 9- are equipped at the open ends retaining sleeve 9-8
12 lower end is inserted into the guide groove of supporting rod 9-11, prevents supporting rod 9-11 from rotating, and controls supporting rod 9-11 strokes.
Rotary screw 9-2, movable stand 9-5 are mobile on lead screw 9-2 to drive retaining sleeve 9-8 movements, supporting rod 9-11 that will rub
Liniment is loaded on sample, while simultaneously spring 9-9, spring 9-9 being pressed to react on rubbing agent load force snesor 18, is being calculated
It is observed that the size of loading force on machine control panel.
Circulating lubricating oil is provided from hydraulic power unit 16 to change gear box 14, each bearing block 7, sample loading hydraulic cylinder 3-1,
Lubricating oil temperature sensor is connected in asphalt channel.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, on the basis of embodiment 1, the present embodiment also there is first medium to be supplied for pipe 21 and second medium
Pipe 22, first medium are equal against between upper sample 4 and lower sample 5 for the nozzle of pipe 22 for pipe 21 and second medium.By wriggling water
Pump is by first medium for providing aqueous medium between 21 up and down sample of pipe.By air pump or external pressure gas wind is provided for pipe
Power, by first medium for providing sand dust between 21 up and down sample of pipe.From wriggling oil pump to second medium oil is provided for pipe 22
Medium.The lower section in lower sample 5 is equipped with dielectric film filter box 23 on workbench 20, and the lower half portion of lower sample 5 can go deep into medium
In recycling box 23.In addition water flow sensor is also set up.
It is as follows with the test device application method that embodiment 2 is introduced:The sample of installation specific dimensions and specific transmission first
The slippage gear of ratio inputs the vertical force of sample, motor speed, velocity of medium up and down, starts hydraulic station and driving motor is each pre-
Parameter is set, the vertical force snesor of sample measures the vertical force value of sample in real time, and torque sensor measures moment of friction value in real time, calculates
Machine measures frictional torque and associated reset parameter according to the sample vertical force measured in real time, in real time, calculates in real time in real time
Adhesion coefficient;Start rubbing agent load maintainer, rubbing agent is applied to upper sample, when rubbing agent load force snesor measures friction examination
Agent loading force reaches rated value, stops load, quantitatively applies oil medium by wriggling oil pump or quantitatively applies water Jie by wriggling water pump
Matter quantitatively applies sand dust medium, and computer calculates the adhesion coefficient for having rubbing agent under medium state according to obtained parameter;
Rubbing agent is finally removed, keep medium state obtains the adhesion coefficient of residual rubbing agent state.
Above-described embodiment of the utility model is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example, and is not
Restriction to the embodiment of the utility model.For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of above description
On can also make other variations or changes in different ways, as in the utility model the first transmission mechanism 13-1 and second pass
Motivation structure 13-2 can select gear mechanism transmission mechanism according to actual conditions, no longer be lifted here to all embodiments
Example.