CN2078483U - Small universal electromagnet capable of being operated by wide voltage - Google Patents
Small universal electromagnet capable of being operated by wide voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN2078483U CN2078483U CN 90216482 CN90216482U CN2078483U CN 2078483 U CN2078483 U CN 2078483U CN 90216482 CN90216482 CN 90216482 CN 90216482 U CN90216482 U CN 90216482U CN 2078483 U CN2078483 U CN 2078483U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an electromagnet of traction, brake, vibration, electromagnetic valve and contactor, the body of which adopts T-shaped solenoid structure, the heat dissipation window is not opened, the bottom surfaces of the upper armature and the moving magnetic pole of the T-shaped moving iron core are attraction contact surfaces, and the attraction is maintained under high magnetic density; the electric control device adopts a switching current-limiting circuit, has high starting ampere-turn and low maintaining ampere-turn, and realizes overheat protection by using a fuse tube, so that the product can be frequently operated and can maintain long-term suction. The electromagnet has the advantages of obvious material and power saving, reliability, good use, durability and the like. In addition, if a transistor chopping current-limiting circuit is adopted, the alternating current and direct current universality of an operation power supply can be realized.
Description
The utility model relates to small universal electromagnet operated at wide voltage range.Its moving unshakable in one's determination can unidirectionally moving of this electromagnet energising back is subjected to the moving iron core of energy storage effect to return initial position after the outage, this energy storage is after the electromagnet energising, is finished by gravity, spring or elastic deformation effect between moving moving period unshakable in one's determination.It is specially adapted to tractive electromagnet, braking electromagnet, contactor and vibrations electromagnet.
The electromagnet of conventional art, and though be exchange or direct current, partly constitute by fixed core, moving iron core, coil, degaussing pad and electrical control etc.Owing to be subjected to all multifactor influences, the close value of work magnetic of electromagnet is all lower, is no more than 7 kilogauss usually in design; In order to satisfy the requirement of duty and coil temperature rise, the copper consumption of coil is also big, the copper-steel material material utilance of electromagnet and economic weight indicator (weight of electromagnet work/electromagnet, unit ［ rice
2/ second
2) not high, functional reliability is not high yet.
The Direct Action Type rectification type braking electromagnet that has occurred U type structure in the prior art, when iron core is made with mild steel, close 10～12 kilogauss that reach of work magnetic, when making with high-magnetodensity material in the electrical sheet, close 15～16 kilogauss that reach of work magnetic.Electromagnet adopts the control circuit (referring to Fig. 1) of displacement switch-capacitor current limliting bridge rectifier, and operating power is for exchanging.The termination power of displacement switch SW, the AC side of another termination rectifier bridge Z, also there is capacitance current-limiting link X at the SW two ends, and X is in series the other end of another termination power Uac of Z AC side by capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1 after in parallel again with resistance R 2; Coil W is connected on the DC side of Z, and for the rapid release after realizing cutting off the power supply, the end of W adds rapid release contact FK of string, and FK two ends (a, b 2 points among the figure) also have resistance R 3.During the energising starting, the SW contact that is in on-state makes full voltage all be added on the coil through rectifier bridge, and electromagnet is finished the SW disconnection of adhesive eve, and the X link is devoted oneself to work, make the operating voltage of coil drop to some/one of starting state, but be enough to keep reliable adhesive.In the design of starting ampere-turn, prior art all according to hot down, the rated voltage with about 0.80 is that the lower limit pick-up voltage is adjusted definite.In addition, by prior art, the starting current density refractory in the coil is to surpass 25A/mm
2
The electromagnet of conventional art, lower limit pick-up voltage generally all at 0.80Ue to more than the 0.85Ue, otherwise can undermine the serviceability and the life-span of magnet spool product.
In the prior art, aspect the suction counter-force registration property of contactor, generally believe that in theory the registration property of DC electromagnet is good, and realize easily optimizing cooperating that actually this is not so.In fact, under the identical situation of main contact system, be starkly lower than the mechanical endurance of alternating electromagnet the mechanical endurance of DC electromagnet, and product all has this problem both at home and abroad.As having only new range the mechanical endurance of domestic new range D.C. contactor with half of Capacity AC Contactor.Contactor has many kinetic energy to discharge with iron core bump form when adhesive, and this class Impact energy increases progressively and increases progressively rapidly with the contactor capacity, show as products with larger capacity have only small-capacity product mechanical endurance half so that still less.Based on above reason, the above Direct Action Type contactor of 60 peaces all has one to contain the metab appearance electromagnet, that strong yet is ventilated, and electromagnet is contained in this seat by the buffering male part, and the installing hole of contactor also can only be opened on this base.
Press the electromagnet (except small-capacity product) of the T type structure of prior art design,, generally on the moving iron core of T type, have only an adhesive contact plane in order to reduce harmful adhesive bump.Because the intrinsic pull characteristics of T type electromagnet, the contactor more than 40 peaces is all without T type solenoid electromagnet.
Existing some alternating electromagnet, in conjunction with the measure of energy-conservation noiseless operation, its static power saving rate can reach more than 96%, and also lacks equal effectively conservation measures for the static power consumption of DC traction electromagnet and DC injection braking electromagnet.The braking electromagnet of the big-and-middle capacity of prior art (being used to drive the brake of braking moment greater than 60kgm) because incompatible production needs, has become the superseded object of hydraulic product.But electromagnetic hydraulic pressure or electrohydraulic brake are owing to complex structure, and concrete reasons such as cost height are difficult to be extensive use of.
Task of the present utility model provides a kind of new electromagnet technology, makes institute's development product all have rational in infrastructure, material-saving power saving, reliable, handy characteristics.
The utility model is close by improving work magnetic unshakable in one's determination; According to the new mechanism of coil temperature rise, improve the starting current density of coil; Select the electromagnet ontology of T type helix tube type structure for use; And select for use and severally have the measures such as control circuit of adhesive switching and current limliting link (vibrations electromagnet cut-off current is 0) to realize.Specifically, make T type solenoid electromagnet that two adhesive contact planes be arranged, just on moving transverse part unshakable in one's determination of T shape and vertical part, the adhesive contact-making surface is arranged all.Electromagnet is made the totally enclosed product of not opening the heat radiation window.The work magnetic of electromagnet connects airtight the saturation magnetic induction of nearly core material, with the tractive electromagnet of mild steel or hot rolled silicon steel sheet (both saturation magnetic inductions are close) manufacturing, the electromagnet and the vibrations electromagnet of contactor, the magnetic of magnetic pole is close should to reach B=10～14 kilogauss, electromagnet just can be kept adhesive, for braking electromagnet, this B value should reach 12.1～14 kilogauss; With saturation magnetic induction is the tractive electromagnet of the soft magnetic material manufacturing of 19～21 kilogauss, the electromagnet and the vibrations electromagnet of contactor, and this B value should reach 15～18.5 kilogauss, and for braking electromagnet, this B value should reach 16.6～18.5 kilogauss; Wherein the B that leakage field is few gets big value, and the B that leakage field is many takes off limit value.Aspect excitatory, coil W the stable state starting ampere-turn under the getable cold conditions (as 20 ℃) be 1.5～5 times of minimum adhesive ampere-turn, make electromagnet in very wide voltage range, can both (for example, can develop the general product of 220V and 380V by quick pick-up; As required, operating voltage also can to widen 110V～440V general).When operating voltage changes at double, on electric control gear, be provided with corresponding fork shift switch or adjusting knob, make that to keep attract current relatively stable.The reason that can do like this and foundation have three:
1. work magnetic connects airtight nearly saturated electromagnet, and suction more than needed is very limited, is doubling to encourage the phenomenon that product can not take place to damage too greatly because of suction down by force; 2. doubling to encourage by force down, the contact transfer time of energising back electromagnet shortens, and is combined with the automatically controlled mode that adhesive is switched, the hear rate Q=∫ of the each action of electromagnet
T1 0i
2(t) Rdt is few, and excitation forcing ratio height, t1(are finished the time of adhesive) short, the Q value may not increase because of increasing with the width of cloth of excitation forcing ratio.When loading condition is constant, there is a kind of functional relation of basin deltoid between coil temperature rise τ and the exciting voltage.In the starting stage of this curve, also has the characteristic that subzero temperature rises.When exciting voltage when adjacent boundary pick-up voltage progressively raises, coil temperature rise descends on the contrary gradually, promptly in the downslide stage of basin deltoid, shows the characteristic of " subzero temperature liter "; Then be stable region, increasing progressively rapidly of exciting voltage do not have obvious effect to coil temperature rise; Stage is finally: along with the rising of exciting voltage, when the contact transfer time of electromagnet trend was zero, coil temperature rise was recovered the characteristic of rising.3. proper as long as the starting current density of coil is selected, under upper limit operating voltage, coil can not burn out yet.Under the cold conditions, the stable state maximum of the starting current density of coil is pressed j
q=30～150A/mm
2Select the j that frequency of operation is high
qValue is got little, the j that frequency of operation is low
qValue is got greatly.
Fig. 8 has provided the agent structure of the utility model electromagnet, adopts integrated steel to make each parts unshakable in one's determination, is totally enclosed T type tube shape solenoid electromagnet.Electromagnet ontology is by coil W, the base 3 of fixed core, go up magnetic pole 2, end seat 4, outer yoke 1, upper rail cover 10, lower guideway cover 9; Moving lower guideway bar 8 unshakable in one's determination, parts such as moving magnetic pole 5, degaussing pad 6 and dish type upper armature 7 constitute, outer yoke 1 is a cylindrical shell of not opening the heat radiation window, coil W is nested in the outer yoke 1, and last magnetic pole 2 fuses with base 3 usefulness securing members and outer yoke 1, ends seat 4 and is positioned on the base 3.Certainly, 1,3,4 or 1 and 2 can be a global facility.Degaussing pad 6 usefulness latten(-tin)s are cut into, and are clipped between upper armature 7 and the moving magnetic pole 5.Lower guideway bar 8 tightly is inserted in the lower end of moving magnetic pole 5, but the thrust push rod double as lower guideway bar 8 of tractive electromagnet, braking electromagnet and vibrations electromagnet on the base 3 that lower guideway bar 8 passes, is equipped with one or a pair of lower guideway cover 9; Last magnetic pole 2 is embedded with upper rail cover 10.Rely on guide rail sleeve up and down, make energy easy motion unshakable in one's determination.Upper rail cover 10 can be used the oil-containing nylon made, and lower guideway cover 9 can adopt copper base oilite bushing or oil-containing nylon axle sleeve.Move magnetic pole 5 and end seat 4, upper armature 7 and last magnetic pole 2 all are the adhesive contact-making surfaces.
For contactor, above to introduce except adopting, the T type tube shape solenoid electromagnet that adopts integrated steel to make can also adopt the T type solenoid electromagnet that is built up by silicon steel sheet.It is rectangular also to be embedded with upper rail cover 10(opening on fixed core).Lower guideway bar 8 is carefully rods of a brass, and 8 cold pressing on a fritter square steel, and square steel is embedded in the bottom center of moving magnetic pole 5, ends seat 4 central authorities and is drilled with a small sircle hole that cooperates lower guideway bar 8 to slide.
Direct Action Type contactor of the present utility model can not wanted specially in order to electromagnet being installed and the base of contactor itself is installed, and electromagnet is installed in by rubber or spring buffer spare below the insulated chassis DP of fixed contact system; The installing hole of contactor is opened on DP.
Except Fig. 1, the utility model also can adopt following several control circuit.The input of control circuit all is connected to fuse RD, when using Fig. 1, also adds RD, and the nominal current value of RD cartridge fuse is pressed 1/6～1/2.75 of electromagnet maximum starting current and selected.Because it is big at least 8 times that the starting current ratio is kept attract current, and the starting time only tens arrives the hundreds of millisecond, and RD can not fuse during normal starting.When keeping adhesive, electric current is very little, can't make coil overheated, as long as electromagnet is not inhaled, starting current can not in time switch, and RD will in time fuse, and so just can guarantee that coil is not overheated.
Fig. 2 controls adhesive with a kind of current integration time delay process I that is connected in the winding wiring to switch, and is referred to as the whole control circuit of current integration time-delay switch-capacitor current limliting bridge.The input of I is by resistance R 4, R5, R6, little relay J 1, and an end of coil and the negative pole of diode D2 are connected into a node; Successively go here and there after the R6 positive pole of adjustable resistance R7, voltage-stabiliser tube DW1 and integrating capacitor C2 is arranged; The C2 positive pole is connected with diac TD1 again; The other end of TD1 is connected on the base stage of transistor BT1; The positive pole of the other end of J1 coil, the collector electrode of BT1, D2 and the normally opened contact of J1 are connected into a node; R4 is connected by the normally-closed contact of J1 with R5, and this of J1 is connected into a node to common point and the negative terminal of C2, the emitter of BT1 of the contact of normally-open normally-close, and this node is the output of I; Another normally-closed contact of J1 replaces the displacement diverter switch SW among Fig. 1; On coil W, the FK two ends also and resistance R 3 arranged through the FK inverse parallel of rapid release contact for diode D1; BT1 among Fig. 2 also can be a controllable silicon.All the other wiring of Fig. 2 are identical with Fig. 1.As need not the rapid release function, 2 of a, b occurring in short circuit Fig. 2 and following each circuit get final product; Obtain certain time-delay release characteristics (the hundreds of millisecond was by several seconds) as desire, then can suitably increase the mean value of keeping attract current.
R4 among Fig. 2 is a sample resistance, and during electromagnet energising starting, the pressure drop on the R4 should adapt with the operating voltage of J1 coil; Adjust the resistance of R7, can change the delay time of switching; R5 is a balance resistance, and it makes electromagnet when keeping adhesive, can guarantee that J1 keeps reliable attracting state, is unlikely to make the J1 coil to burn out because of overcurrent again.
Fig. 3 is applicable to direct current or rectification operation, adopts a kind of transistor copped wave current limliting link II to limit the attract current of keeping of DC electromagnet, is referred to as the control circuit of displacement switching transistor copped wave current limliting.It can make DC electromagnet significantly reduce (power consumption of silent running is close with adopting with the capacity alternating electromagnet) at the power consumption of keeping attracting state.The positive terminating resistor R8 of II and the collector electrode of high voltage transistor BT2; Successively go here and there after the R8 adjustable resistance R9 and capacitor C 3 are arranged; The positive pole of C3 contacts again sends out diode TD2; The base stage of another termination BT2 of TD2; The emitter of BT2 and C3 negative pole connect into the negative terminal of this link; I is connected in parallel on displacement diverter switch SW two ends.After SW and the I, imitative Fig. 2 is connected to diode D1, rapid release contact FK and coil W and resistance R 3.Regulate R9, keep the size of attract current (mean value) in the scalable coil.
Fig. 4 adds current integration time delay process I in Fig. 3 circuit, and replaces displacement diverter switch SW to develop into the normally-closed contact of the J1 of this link, is referred to as the delay time control circuit of switching transistor copped wave current limliting of current integration.If at the current input terminal of Fig. 3, Fig. 4, add a rectifier bridge Z, or seal in a diode at the anode of DC power supply, just can realize the AC/DC universal of operating power.Certainly, when halfwave rectifier, the lower limit of operation voltage of alternating current operation power supply is lower than the lower limit of dc operation voltage.
With copped wave current limliting link II, not only can realize AC/DC universal, and on probability, the failure rate of copped wave current limliting link II is lower than the failure rate of capacitance current-limiting link.
Fig. 5 is the non-contact control circuit of band transistor copped wave current limliting link II.This circuit makes electromagnet in the energising attracting process with the differentiation element of formations such as R10, R11 and C5, transistor BT3 and BT2 conducting, and coil W can be encouraged by force, regulates the resistance of adjustable resistance R11, and the time of (that is encouraging by force) is switched in the scalable time-delay.In order to realize the AC/DC universal of operating power, power input can insert a rectifier bridge Z or seal in a diode at the anode of power supply input, and (or the positive pole of direct current operative power source is connected to a end of resistance R 10 and rapid release contact FK in rectification; The a of resistance R 3, FK, b end is identical with connection and Fig. 1～Fig. 4 of coil W and diode D1; Successively go here and there after the R10 adjustable resistance R11 and R12 are arranged; The line of R11 and R12 is connected into a node with the positive pole of voltage-stabiliser tube DW2, the positive pole of electric capacity of voltage regulation C4 and the positive pole of differential capacitance C5 simultaneously; The base stage of the negative pole of the negative pole of C5, diode D6 and high voltage transistor BT3 is connected into a node; The collector electrode connecting resistance R13 of BT3; The emitter of BT3 connects the base stage of transistor BT2; The positive pole of the lower end of the other end of R13, coil W, diode D1 and diode D4 positive pole are connected into a node; After forward connecting, D4 and diode D connect the collector electrode (being the anode of copped wave current limliting link II) of BT2; The negative pole of the emitter of the negative pole of the other end of R12, the negative pole of DW2, C4, the positive pole of D6, BT2 (being the negative terminal of II) and rectification (or direct current) operating power is connected into a node.
As contactless control mode, also can realize the control that displacement is switched with hall displacement transducer, at this moment still available transistor copped wave current limliting link II provides the attract current of keeping after the switching.
If the cut-off current of current limliting link is 0, starting current promptly only is provided, do not provide and keep electric current, electromagnet of the present utility model just can be used as the low-frequency vibration electromagnet, and the amplitude of vibration of this electromagnet is big, easily reaches 2～12mm.As in power supply, adding rectifier cell, also can realize the AC/DC universal of operating current.Vibration mode can be divided into self-oscillation type and his control formula two classes.
Fig. 6 is the self-oscillation type control circuit that a kind of displacement is switched, power input is connected to diode D7(halfwave rectifier) or rectifier bridge Z, the positive pole of direct current (or rectification) operating power meets displacement diverter switch SW earlier, seal in coil W again, connect power cathode at last, diode D3 is connected in reverse parallel in the coil two ends; The SW two ends also have capacitance-resistance to absorb link (capacitor C 21 is connected back with resistance R 22 and at the SW two ends, C21 and R22 can eliminate the switching arc of SW).The existence of D3 also helps to eliminate the switching arc of SW, and makes iron core can continue to do a bit of adhesive campaign after SW disconnects.
Fig. 7 is the self-oscillation type control circuit that a kind of current integration time-delay is switched, being to use instead current integration time-delay switching controls link I with Fig. 6 different controls the adhesive of vibrations electromagnet and switches, and replacing displacement diverter switch SW with the normally-closed contact of J1 in the I, I is connected in the end lead-in wire of coil W.
Utilize a frequency and turn-on time all adjustable multi resonant oscillator that electromagnet of the present utility model is carried out continuous switching control, just can realize his control formula vibrations, also comprise pps pulse per second signal that utilizes quartz clock or the time-base integrated circuit that contains crystal oscillator in his the control formula vibrations circuit, allow electromagnet obtain the vibration frequency of one or more high stables.
Vibrations electromagnet amplitude of vibration of the present utility model is big, the efficient height, and when being used as the silo-wall shaker of cohesive material (as the cement spice), effect is better than existing bulkhead vibrations electromagnet.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1.On the electromagnet ontology of Fig. 8, add one group of installation foot 11 etc., just can be used as braking electromagnet, tractive electromagnet and vibrations electromagnet (see figure 9).The shape and the mounting hole site of installation foot 11 depend on the needs.In the bottom of base 3, can be encased inside or be stained with an elastic sealing gasket 12 to improve barrier propterty; At the secondary armature 13 that has on the upper armature 7 more than one or one, according to the difference of load.Can unload secondary armature 13, reduce exerting oneself of electromagnet within the specific limits, it is more reliable that whole system work is got; According to the requirement of degree of protection, on electromagnet, can add the outer cover of making of plastics or metal 14.
This electromagnet adopts when the displacement control switching circuit of contact is arranged, can be displacement diverter switch SW so that whole electric control gear 15, be fixed on the top of magnetic pole 2 by strutting piece, diverter switch SW is controlled by the thin bar 16 that upper armature 7 stretches out.
This electromagnet can add one or one group in order to eliminate air-gap, to prevent that thrust push rod (being lower guideway bar 8) from producing the back-moving spring 17 of collision deformation when the braking electromagnet.Braking electromagnet preferentially adopts the mounting means of side hanging, is installed in a side of brake main support, the thrust push rod of electromagnet directly and the brake main spring contend with, this mounting means is equally applicable to the big-and-middle capacity (brake of M 〉=60kgm).On Electromagnetic Design, magnetic pole is kept the close B=12.5 of getting of work magnetic～1.3 kilogauss of adhesive, and the area of last magnetic pole 2 is S1=12.5F/B2 ［ cm
2, F is design maximum suction kgf in the formula, ［ B ］=［ kilogauss ］; The area that ends seat 4 is S2=S1+ △ S1+ △ S2, and △ S1 is the footprints of thrust push rod in the formula, and △ S1 can be by △ S1=(0.125～0.1) F ［ mm
2Calculate, △ S2(is the footprints that wall thickness equals the lower guideway cover 9 of 2～4mm; The impulse stroke of electromagnet is δ=6～12mm, its standby stroke be 2～5 times of existing electromagnet (standby stroke is corresponding with the wear extent of brake shoe, when lower bound range, standby stroke maximum; During upper limit stroke under rated output, standby stroke is 0.With MZZ5-250 type short stroke Direct Action Type system electromagnet is comparison, and its lower bound range is 3mm, and upper limit stroke is=4.5mm, and standby stroke is 1.5mm, and design maximum suction is 250kgf, when adopting electromagnet of the present utility model, gets δ=6～12mm).For satisfying the need of product frequent operation, the starting current density stable state maximum (during cold conditions) among the coil W is got j
q=40～60A/mm
2The operating ampere turn of every millimeter impulse stroke is that INz=1900～2000(AT), spring rate is big, and stroke is big gets low value, and the maximum starting ampere-turn of coil under cold conditions is by INq=INz(1.5～5) δ calculates.Specifically be example again with F=800kgf, with 8～No. 15 or A3 mild steel manufacturing iron core, S1=59.2～64cm
2, △ S1=78.5mm
2, △ S1+ △ S2=2cm
2, S2=61～66cm
2(ending the area of seat 4), primary election INq=1950 during design * 1.5 * 12 ≈ 35000 ［ ampere-turn ］, jq ≈ 45A/mm
2, this braking electromagnet, during usefulness 380V power operation, nominal operation gas journey (nominal operation air gap) is not less than 12mm, and during as if usefulness 220V power operation, impulse stroke is not less than 6mm.In 220V～380V excursion, allow to keep attract current and change naturally with the variation of voltage.To change suction or maximum functional stroke and improve reliability of products in order to have, can with coil discrete be 2～5, each coil has its independently rectifying device and fuse, switching link and current limliting link also can be discrete.Fig. 1 is all suitable to several control circuits of Fig. 5.As not enough, can realize the adhesive switching by J1 and by the auxiliary relay or the contactor of big contact as relay J 1 contact capacity of adhesive switching.For the big-and-middle-sized brake that needs F 〉=500kgf to drive, drive except using the separate unit braking electromagnet, can also adopt the braking electromagnet of two F/2 to be installed in realization driving side by side on the brake side by side.
Braking electromagnet energy frequent operation of the present utility model (behaviour can reach 1200～3600 times/hour product frequently by actual needs), the energy quick acting, can the long term maintenance suction connect, can stand the sleet invasion and attack, can be under dust and hot environment reliably working, not only can replace existing all kinds of braking electromagnet, can also replace the hydraulic product in the hoisting equipment.
Embodiment 2(sees Figure 10) be a kind of pair of breakpoint straight type contactor of the present utility model, adopt T type solenoid electromagnet to drive.Structurally, the bottom of fixed contact system insulation chassis DP is stretched out a pair of supporting bable tops CT downwards; Fixed core withstands CT by last (buffering) rubber blanket SD, and passes through (buffering) rubber pad XD down, and bottom DG and stock screw CL are installed in below the DP.In order to improve the barrier propterty of electromagnet, when especially adopting the electromagnet of silicon copper sheet making, also extend a thin-walled chamber QS who is rectangular shape in DP bottom surface, chassis; Electric control gear also is installed in the QS; QS is last need not to open the heat radiation window; The T type is moving unshakable in one's determination to be installed in by securing member below the insulating support ZJ of moving contact; The installing hole AZ of contactor opens on DP; Among Figure 10, BB is the thin-walled of QS, and MH is an arc-extinguish chamber.
Aspect automatically controlled, Fig. 1～Fig. 5 is all suitable.In order to improve the arc extinction performance of contactor, the current limliting link can also be that the small machine of an arc blow-out air pump is (for other electromagnet or contactor, the current limliting link can also be a cold true fan), the attract current of keeping of the running current of motor and electromagnet is complementary.
The main contact of this contactor is opened apart from comparable existing product increases by 0.1～1 times, and this helps higher grade of development voltage, the new product that current capacity is bigger.This technology also can be developed in order to improve the technical-economic index of some electromagnetic relay.
On Electromagnetic Design, it is unshakable in one's determination to select for use hot rolled silicon steel sheet or mild steel to make, and magnetic pole is kept the close B=10 of getting of work magnetic～12.5 kilogauss of adhesive, the area S1=12.5F/B2 ［ cm of last magnetic pole 2
2, ending the area S2=S1+ △ S of seat 4, △ S is the footprints of lower guideway cover 9 and lower guideway bar 8.Because contactor is the electrical equipment of frequent operation, imitative embodiment 1, desirable j
q=40～60A/mm
2The operating ampere turn of every millimeter impulse stroke of electromagnet is INc=1400～1700(AT), and the maximum starting ampere-turn of coil under cold conditions is by INq=INc(0.85～3) δ calculates, and δ is the impulse stroke of electromagnet.Because the first counter-force of contactor is little, so the value of the coefficient ratio embodiment 1 in the following formula bracket is low.
Electromagnet of the present utility model, remove above chat and characteristics, also possess economic weight indicator height (higher more than tens percent to 20 times), economize copper, economize advantages such as iron, economize on electricity than existing product; Product mechanical endurance is long, barrier propterty good, use face width, and frequent operation continuously not only, and can the long term maintenance adhesive can be realized wide voltage-operatedly, can realize the AC/DC universal of operating power.In a word, can promote the update of contactor, tractive electromagnet and braking electromagnet.
Description of drawings:
The control circuit of Fig. 1-displacement switch-capacitor current limliting bridge rectifier; Fig. 2-whole the control circuit of current integration time-delay switch-capacitor current limliting bridge; The control circuit of Fig. 3-displacement switching transistor copped wave current limliting; The control circuit of Fig. 4-current integration time-delay switching transistor copped wave current limliting; Fig. 5-non-contact control circuit; The self-oscillation type control circuit that Fig. 6-displacement is switched; The self-oscillation type control circuit that Fig. 7-the current integration time-delay is switched.
The agent structure of Fig. 8-electromagnet ontology; Fig. 9-embodiment 1 accompanying drawing; Figure 10-embodiment 2 accompanying drawings.
The symbol description of circuit:
BA-1.5 lies prostrate battery, X-capacitance current-limiting link, I-current integration time-delay switching controls link, II-transistor copped wave current limliting link, SW-displacement diverter switch, Z-rectifier bridge, FK-rapid release contact, W-coil, C-electric capacity, R-resistance (R7 wherein, R9, R11, be adjustable resistance), RD-fuse, D-diode, the DW-voltage-stabiliser tube, TD-diac, BT1-transistor or controllable silicon, BT2, BT3-high voltage transistor, J1-general small-size relay.
Electromagnet ontology part and embodiment 1:
The 1-outer yoke, the last magnetic pole of 2-, the 3-base, 4-ends seat, 5-moves magnetic pole, 6-degaussing pad, 7-upper armature, 8-lower guideway bar, 9-lower guideway cover, 10-upper rail cover, the 11-installation foot, 12-sealing gasket, the secondary armature of 13-, the 14-outer cover, 15-electric control gear, the thin bar of 16-, the 17-back-moving spring, W-coil, SW-displacement diverter switch.
Embodiment 2(contactor):
The insulated chassis of DP-fixed contact, CT-supporting bable tops, the last rubber blanket of SD-, rubber pad under the XD-, QS-thin-walled chamber, the thin-walled of BB-QS, CL-stock screw, G-bottom, the insulating support of ZJ-moving contact, AZ-installing hole, MH-arc-extinguish chamber.
Claims (9)
1; a kind of being suitable for done tractive electromagnet; braking electromagnet; the vibrations electromagnet; the electromagnetically operated valve electromagnet; the small universal electromagnet operated at wide voltage range of contact electromagnet; comprise electromagnet ontology and electric control gear; electromagnet ontology comprises coil W; the base 3 of fixed core; end seat 4; outer yoke 1; upper rail cover 10; lower guideway cover 9; moving lower guideway bar 8 unshakable in one's determination; moving magnetic pole 5; degaussing pad 6; electric control gear adopts the excitation control of switching current limliting; mainly by displacement diverter switch SW; current limliting link X; rectifier bridge Z; coil W etc. is formed by connecting; displacement diverter switch SW one termination power; the AC side of another termination rectifier bridge Z; X is connected in parallel on the two ends of SW; X is in series with resistance R 2 after in parallel by capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1 again; the other end of another termination power Uac of Z AC side; W is connected on the DC side of Z; the utility model is characterised in that the above-mentioned electromagnetically operated valve and the electromagnet of contactor; to adopt the B values be that the mild steel of 10～14 kilogauss or hot rolled silicon steel sheet or B value are that the soft magnetic material of 15～18.5 kilogauss is made for end seat 4 and the moving magnet 5 of tractive electromagnet and vibrations electromagnet; above-mentioned braking electromagnet ends seat 4 and moving magnetic pole 5, and to adopt B values be that to reach the mild steel of 12.1～14 kilogauss or hot rolled silicon steel sheet or B value be that 16.6～18.5 kilogauss soft magnetic materials are made; the moving upper armature 5 unshakable in one's determination of its T shape and the bottom surface of moving magnetic pole 6 all are the adhesive contact-making surfaces; selecting the nominal current value in the electric control gear for use is that 1/6～1/2.75 cartridge fuse RD of maximum starting current realizes the overtemperature protection to coil W, and the RD string is at the input of power supply.
2, electromagnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the wiring of coil W, being in series with current integration time delay process I, the input of I is by resistance R 4, R5, R6, the negative pole of little relay J 1 coil, one end and diode D1 is connected into a node, successively go here and there after the R6 adjustable resistance R7 is arranged, the positive pole of voltage-stabiliser tube DW1 and integrating capacitor C2, the C2 positive pole is connected with diac TD1 again, the other end of TD1 is connected on the base stage of transistor BT1, the other end of J1 coil, the collector electrode of BT1, the normally opened contact of the positive pole of D2 and J1 is connected into a node, R4 is connected by the normally-closed contact of J1 with R5, this of J1 is to the common point of normally-open normally-close contact and the negative terminal of C2, the emitter of BT1 is connected into a node, this node is the output of I, and another normally-closed contact of J1 is connected in parallel on the two ends of current limliting link as the switching controls contact.
3, electromagnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the current limliting link can be the small machine of a cooling fan or arc blow-out air pump, during with DC power supply or rectifier power source operation, the current limliting link also can be a kind of transistor copped wave current limliting link II, the positive terminating resistor R8 of II and the collector electrode of transistor BT2, successively go here and there after the R8 adjustable resistance R9 and capacitor C 3 are arranged, the positive pole of C3 contacts again sends out diode TD2, the base stage of another termination BT2 of TD2, the emitter of BT2 are connected the negative terminal of back as II with the C3 negative pole.
4, electromagnet according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that with DC power supply or rectifier power source operation, controlling adhesive with a kind of contactless time delay process switches, the anodal connecting resistance R10 of direct current (or rectification) power supply and sustained diode 1 positive pole, successively go here and there after the R10 adjustable resistance R11 and resistance R 12 are arranged, the positive pole of capacitor C 4C5, the positive pole of voltage-stabiliser tube DW2 and R11, the line of R12 is connected into a node, the negative pole of C5, the base stage of the negative pole of diode D6 and transistor BT3 is connected into a node, the collector electrode connecting resistance R13 of BT3, the emitter of BT3 connects the base stage of transistor BT3, the other end of R13, the lower end of coil W, the positive pole of the positive pole of diode D1 and diode D4 is connected into a node, after forward connecting, D4 and diode D5 receive the collector electrode (being the anode of copped wave current limliting link II) of BT2, the other end of R12, the DW2 negative pole, the C4 negative pole, the D6 positive pole, the BT2 emitter (being the negative terminal of II) and the negative pole of power supply are connected into a node.
5, electromagnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the electric control gear of above-mentioned vibrations electromagnet with DC power supply or rectifier power source operation, the two ends of displacement diverter switch SW also have a capacitance-resistance that is in series by capacitor C 21 and resistance R 22 to absorb link, and there is an antiparallel diode D3 at coil W two ends.
6, electromagnet according to claim 1 or 5 is characterized in that being connected in the lead-in wire of coil W with current integration time-delay switching controls link I, and controls adhesive by I and switch, and a J1 normally-closed contact in the I replaces displacement diverter switch SW.
7, electromagnet according to claim 1, its feature are that also electromagnet ontology is an enclosed construction, and outer yoke 2 is not open the cylindrical shell of heat radiation window, at the secondary armature 13 of driving that has on the uplink 7 more than one.
8, electromagnet according to claim 1, the electromagnet that it is characterized in that contactor be installed in fixed contact insulated chassis DP below, the installing hole of contactor is opened on DP.
9, electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that need not opening the heat radiation window for electromagnet in the contactor, the contactor that 40A is above, and its electromagnet is a T type solenoid electromagnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90216482 CN2078483U (en) | 1990-07-14 | 1990-07-14 | Small universal electromagnet capable of being operated by wide voltage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90216482 CN2078483U (en) | 1990-07-14 | 1990-07-14 | Small universal electromagnet capable of being operated by wide voltage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2078483U true CN2078483U (en) | 1991-06-05 |
Family
ID=4895633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90216482 Withdrawn CN2078483U (en) | 1990-07-14 | 1990-07-14 | Small universal electromagnet capable of being operated by wide voltage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2078483U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105814304A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-07-27 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Fuel metering unit for a high-pressure injection system |
| CN107424765A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-12-01 | 中科电力装备集团有限公司 | A kind of transformer device structure turned off |
| WO2025039070A1 (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2025-02-27 | Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited / Énergie Atomique Du Canada Limitée | Electromagnetic shaker apparatus for fretting wear system |
-
1990
- 1990-07-14 CN CN 90216482 patent/CN2078483U/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105814304A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-07-27 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Fuel metering unit for a high-pressure injection system |
| CN107424765A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-12-01 | 中科电力装备集团有限公司 | A kind of transformer device structure turned off |
| WO2025039070A1 (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2025-02-27 | Atomic Energy Of Canada Limited / Énergie Atomique Du Canada Limitée | Electromagnetic shaker apparatus for fretting wear system |
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