CN207817164U - A kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This application provides a kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test devices, including：Signal generator and oscillograph；Signal generator connects the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, for exporting simulating grid frequency variation signal or voltage change signal to the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator；Oscillograph connects power grid, voltage signal and current signal for enrolling power grid；Oscillograph is also connected with the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, for enrolling photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control parameter.The photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device is installed on scene, can realize the autoptic purpose of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control performance.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to photovoltaic virtual synchronous electrical generator fields more particularly to a kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance is surveyed
Trial assembly is set.
Background technology
In the prior art, Photovoltaic new energy generating equipment does not have power oscillation damping, inertia is adjusted, from the energy of main pressure regulator
Power, and then influence the stability of network voltage and frequency.By increasing lithium battery group or super capacitor on photovoltaic generation unit
The energy storage devices such as device group, inverter are allowed to have the abilities such as inertia/damping of similar synchronous machine, primary frequency modulation, voltage adjusting,
Inhibit grid entry point electric voltage frequency and amplitude change rate, enhances grid entry point grid strength, can effectively solve to be based on existing control mode
Photovoltaic is in light current stable problem off the net.
The mode of existing photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator generally use modeling carries out control performance verification, verification result with
Actual conditions may be different.
Utility model content
The application provides a kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device, generates electricity for realizing photovoltaic virtual synchronous
The autoptic purpose of machine control performance.
The photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device that one technical solution of the application provides, including：Signal generator
And oscillograph；
Signal generator connects the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, for exporting simulating grid frequency or voltage
Variable signal to photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator controller；
Oscillograph connects power grid, voltage signal and current signal for enrolling power grid；It is virtual that oscillograph is also connected with photovoltaic
The controller of synchronous generator, for enrolling photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control parameter.
In further embodiment, photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device further includes light irradiance meter and alarm
Device；
Light irradiance meter connects oscillograph, for measuring intensity of illumination, by the light of oscillograph admission light irradiance meter measurement
According to intensity；
Alarm connects oscillograph, judges whether intensity of illumination variation meets pre-provisioning request by oscillograph, if judging result
It is no, then controls alarm equipment alarm.
In further embodiment, signal generator connects the phaselocked loop of photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller, for sending out
Go out three-phase alternating voltage signal.
In further embodiment, signal generator is directly connected to the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, for sending out
One phase d. c. voltage signal.
In further embodiment, signal generator is also directly connected to oscillograph, for exporting three-phase alternating voltage signal extremely
Oscillograph；
Signal generator also connects oscillograph by the phaselocked loop of photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller, for exporting lock
The frequency signal that phase ring calculates.
By photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device provided by the present application, it is virtual photovoltaic can be tested at the scene
The Control performance standard of synchronous generator whether meet demand, it is active if whether frequency modulation/pressure regulation enabling capabilities meet power grid demand
Whether the control characteristics indexs such as support amplitude, control error, response time, regulating time meet the requirements.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, make required in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments of the present application, for
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device of one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device of another embodiment of the application；
Fig. 3 A- Fig. 3 B are the signal generator and photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator connection diagram of one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 4 A- Fig. 4 C are the signal generator simulating grid frequency change schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 5 is the signal generator simulating grid voltage change schematic diagram of one embodiment of the application；
Connection when Fig. 6 is the photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller frequency sampling time test of one embodiment of the application
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the signal generator simulating grid frequency change schematic diagram of one specific embodiment of the application.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which the technical characterstic and effect that make the application are more obvious, the technical solution of the application is done below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
It further illustrates, the specific example that the application also can have other different is illustrated or implements, any those skilled in the art
The equivalents done within the scope of the claims belong to the protection category of the application.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " specific embodiment ", " such as " etc. description meaning
Refer to specific features, structure or feature described in conjunction with this embodiment or example be contained in the application at least one embodiment or
In example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms may not refer to the same embodiment or example.And
And specific features, structure or the feature of description can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples with suitable sides
Formula combines.
As described in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the mechanism map of the photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device of the embodiment of the present application.
The photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device is installed on scene, can realize photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control performance
Autoptic purpose.
Specifically, photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device includes：Signal generator 101 and oscillograph 102；
Signal generator 101 connects the controller 201 of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, becomes for exporting simulating grid frequency
Change signal or voltage change signal to the controller 201 of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator；
Oscillograph 102 connects power grid 301, voltage signal and current signal for enrolling power grid；Oscillograph 301 is also connected with
The controller 201 of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, for enrolling photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control parameter.
Specifically, the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator includes DC/AC controllers and DC/DC controllers, signal
Generator determines the given way of signal generator, the given way of signal generator according to the different control strategies of different vendor
Including：DC/DA and DC/DC controllers are given simultaneously, it is single that DC/AC controllers, and list is given to give DC/DC controllers.
The exportable direct current of signal generator or ac voltage signal, according to the electricity for setting ac voltage signal capable of automatic changing
Pressure amplitude value, frequency, voltage magnitude change rate, frequency change rate, the voltage magnitude and voltage magnitude change rate of d. c. voltage signal.
Oscillograph can calculate having for photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator according to the mains voltage signal and current signal of its admission
Work(power supports the Control performance standards such as amplitude, response time, regulating time, control error, control accuracy, according to performance indicator
Value judges whether the control characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator meets the requirements, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, proves that photovoltaic is virtually same
Generator existing defects are walked, need to be advanced optimized, the photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control parameter enrolled according to oscillograph
Photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator is optimized.
In the application further embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device further includes light
Irradiance meter 103 and alarm 104.Light irradiance meter 103 connects oscillograph 102, for measuring intensity of illumination, by oscillograph
The intensity of illumination that 102 admission light irradiance meters 103 measure；Alarm 104 connects oscillograph 102, judges illumination by oscillograph 102
Whether Strength Changes meet pre-provisioning request, if judging result is no, controls the alarm of alarm 104, prompt test invalidation.
In the application further embodiment, the input of signal generator is divided into two types.One type is as shown in Figure 3A,
Signal generator 101 connects the phaselocked loop 202 of photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller, for sending out three-phase alternating voltage letter
Number.Secondary side three-phase voltage signal (the photovoltaic virtual synchronous inputted by voltage transformer is replaced by the three-phase alternating voltage signal
The signal that generator accesses when working normally), change the frequency of three-phase alternating voltage signal using signal generator to simulate electricity
The variation of net frequency, this mode are suitable for configuring the photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator in spare AC voltage sampling channel.
Another type is as shown in Figure 3B, and signal generator 101 is directly connected to the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
201, for sending out a phase d. c. voltage signal.By phase d. c. voltage signal replacement voltage transformer input through phaselocked loop
Treated d. c. voltage signal changes the voltage magnitude of d. c. voltage signal using signal generator and becomes come simulating grid voltage
Change, and the no-load voltage ratio simulating grid frequency by the way that voltage signal and controller frequency signal is arranged changes, this mode is suitable for not having
Additionally configure spare AC voltage sampling channel or photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator that acquisition channel has taken.
Specifically, using signal generator simulating grid frequency variation type there are two types of：(1) frequency harmonics change,
As shown in Figure 4 A, t0-t1、t2-t3、t4-t5、t6-t7Frequency change rate in period is configured according to testing requirement, twice
Frequency change interval can be configured according to test；Set of frequency value bound f1And f2It is configured according to testing requirement；(2)
Frequency step changes, as shown in Figure 4 B, set of frequency value bound f1And f2It is configured according to testing requirement, the time of step
Interval can be configured according to testing requirement, can be carried out continuously the Spline smoothing up and down of frequency.
There are one kind, voltage step variation, as shown in figure 5, electric using the type of signal generator simulating grid voltage change
Press setting value bound U1And U2It being configured according to testing requirement, the time interval of step can be configured according to testing requirement,
The Spline smoothing up and down of voltage magnitude can be carried out continuously.
In one embodiment of the application, in order to which the frequency sampling time to photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller surveys
Examination, signal generator 101 is also directly connected to oscillograph 102, for exporting three-phase alternating voltage signal to oscillograph 102, signal
Generator 101 also connects oscillograph 102 by the phaselocked loop 201 of photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller, for exporting photovoltaic
The frequency signal that virtual synchronous engine controller phaselocked loop calculates, as shown in Figure 6.Lock is calculated according to the data of oscillograph admission
Time difference between phase ring output signal and signal generator output signal, specifically, for each frequency step process
In, calculate the initial time T of the variation of the frequency signal after phaselocked loop calculates0' first with the variation of signal generator output signal
Moment beginning is T0Between difference T, that is, calculate T=T0′-T0.Maximum difference is chosen as the final frequency sampling time.This reality
When should additionally add the frequency sampling measured when applying calculating photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator responds time, regulating time index in example
Between.
Photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device provided by the present application is installed on scene, can realize that photovoltaic is virtual
The autoptic purpose of synchronous generator control performance.
Illustrate technical scheme to become apparent from, below with volt virtual synchronous power generation in Mingguang City's for a specific embodiment
The use process of machine performance testing device：
Photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device described in above-mentioned any embodiment is installed；
Setting test event and test event parameter, control signal generator send out the signal to match with test event,
Oscillograph and signal generator are opened in the case where photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator runs on Smaller load, big load and limited load operating mode,
Photovoltaic virtual synchronous under corresponding operating mode is calculated according to the mains voltage signal and power network current signal enrolled under each operating mode of oscillograph
The Control performance standard of generator.
In some specific implementation modes, test event includes：Virtual Inertia Characteristics test event, primary frequency modulation characteristic test
Project, primary frequency modulation and virtual Inertia Characteristics test event and pressure regulation test event.These test events are carried out below detailed
Explanation：
(1), virtual Inertia Characteristics test event；
The virtual inertia function of enabled photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, closes photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator primary frequency modulation work(
Energy；Setting signal generator sends out frequency slope variable signal, and (frequency change rate and time interval can be according to examinations as shown in Figure 4 A
The demand of testing is configured), inertia time constant is set, big load (70%-90% is run in photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
Pn), Smaller load (20%-30%Pn) and limited load (operate in high load working condition, the finger of limit power are assigned by control system
Enable) oscillograph and signal generator are opened under operating mode, according to mains voltage signal and the power grid electricity enrolled under each operating mode of oscillograph
Stream signal calculates the Control performance standard of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator under corresponding operating mode；
(2), primary frequency modulation characteristic test project；
Enabled photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator primary frequency function, closes the virtual inertia work(of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
Energy；Setting signal generator sends out frequency step variable signal, and (changing value can be set according to experiment demand as shown in Figure 4 C
Set), active coefficient of frequency modulation is set, is opened in the case where photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator runs on Smaller load, big load and limited load operating mode
Oscillograph and signal generator are opened, phase is calculated according to the mains voltage signal and power network current signal enrolled under each operating mode of oscillograph
Answer the Control performance standard of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator under operating mode；
(3), primary frequency modulation+virtual Inertia Characteristics test event；
Enable the virtual inertia function of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator and primary frequency function；Setting signal generator sends out frequency
Rate Spline smoothing signal and/or setting signal generator send out frequency slope variable signal, and inertia time constant and active is arranged
Coefficient of frequency modulation opens oscillograph and letter in the case where photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator runs on Smaller load, big load and limited load operating mode
Number generator calculates photovoltaic under corresponding operating mode according to the mains voltage signal and power network current signal enrolled under each operating mode of oscillograph
The Control performance standard of virtual synchronous generator；
(4), voltage adjustment characteristic test event；
Setting signal generator sends out voltage step variable signal, and (amplitude of voltage step can be according to experiment as shown in Figure 5
Demand is set), voltage regulation coefficient Kv is set, Smaller load, big load and limit are run in photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
Oscillograph and signal generator are opened under load condition, according to mains voltage signal and the power grid electricity enrolled under each operating mode of oscillograph
Stream signal calculates the Control performance standard of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator under corresponding operating mode.
When implementation, if signal generator is directly connected to the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, above-mentioned (1) is being carried out extremely
(4) test further includes the test event in photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator frequency sampling time before.Frequency sampling time test item
Mesh main process includes：
By the phaselocked loop and oscillograph of signal generator access of virtual synchronous generator, by the locking phase of virtual synchronous generator
Ring accesses oscillograph, as shown in Figure 6；Cut off photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator power supply, setting signal generator output frequency step
Variable signal is (as shown in fig. 7, each ladder duration (t0-t1) can be configured according to testing requirement, the rank of frequency variation
Ladder can be configured according to testing requirement), start oscillograph；The pll output signal and signal for calculating oscillograph admission occur
Time difference between device output signal.Specifically, in each frequency step process, calculating after phaselocked loop calculates
The initial time T of frequency signal variation0' with signal generator output signal variation initial time be T0Between difference T, i.e.,
Calculate T=T0′-T0.Maximum difference is chosen as the final frequency sampling time.
In some embodiments, each test event runs on Smaller load, big load and limit in photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
Oscillograph is opened under load condition and signal generator further comprises：
Start photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, when photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator runs on small load condition, opens record
Wave instrument and signal generator close photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator at the end of oscillograph recording；
Start photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, when photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator runs on high load working condition, opens record
Wave instrument and signal generator close photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator at the end of oscillograph recording；
Start photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, when photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator runs on limit power operating mode, opens record
Wave instrument and signal generator close photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator at the end of oscillograph recording.
Further include changing to be used to when each test event is tested to ensure the accuracy of test in some embodiments
Property time constant, active coefficient of frequency modulation and voltage regulation coefficient, be repeated as many times test.
In one embodiment of the application, the Control performance standard of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator includes：Active power supports width
Value, starts time, response time, regulating time at real power control error, real power control precision.Separately below to these controllings
Energy index is described in detail.
(1) active power supports amplitude
It is active power initial value P that active power, which supports amplitude Δ P,0With active power response P1Difference.For being virtually used to
Test event is measured, calculating active power according to following formula 1 supports amplitude Δ P, for primary frequency modulation test event, according to as follows
Formula 2 calculates active power support amplitude Δ P.
Wherein, TJFor the inertia time constant of virtual synchronous generator, fNFor the rated frequency of power grid, PNFor virtual synchronous
The rated power of generator,For the frequency change rate of power grid, KfFor active coefficient of frequency modulation, Δ f is that the frequency of power grid changes.
Active power support amplitude index should meet formula 3：
Δ P >=Δ P ' (formula 3)
Wherein, Δ P ' is that active power supports amplitude desired value.
(2) real power control error
Real power control error PwIt is calculated according to following formula 4：
Pw=Δ P- Δs P ' (formula 4)
Active power controller error should meet formula 5：
Pw≤n*PN(formula 5)
Wherein, PNFor the rated power of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, numerical value n is according to the spy of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
Property or be configured according to testing requirement, it is proposed that be 0.02.
(3) real power control precision
Real power control precision PjIt is calculated according to following formula 6：
Pj=P1-(P0+ Δ P ') (formula 6)
Wherein, P1For active power response, P0Active power initial value, Δ P ' active power support amplitude desired value.
Real power control precision PjFormula 7 should be met：
Pj≤ m* Δs P (formula 7)
Δ P is that active power supports amplitude, numerical value m can be according to the characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator or according to test need
It asks and is configured, it is proposed that be 0.05.
(4) start the time
Start time tq, i.e., since being added frequency or voltage signal to it is active or without work value variation k* Δs P the time required to,
Numerical value k can be configured according to the characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator or according to testing requirement, it is proposed that be 0.1.
Start time tqFormula 8 should be met.
tq≤t1(formula 8)
t1It can be configured according to the characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, test event or according to testing requirement, once
Frequency modulation function starts the time suggests being 3s.
(5) response time
Response time tx, i.e., to active variation or without needed for work value variation l* Δs P since being added frequency or voltage signal
Time, numerical value l can be configured according to the characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator or according to testing requirement, it is proposed that be 0.9.
Response time txFormula 9 should be met：
tx≤t2(formula 9)
t2It can be configured according to the characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, test event or according to testing requirement, it is each
The limit value of item pilot project is different.The primary frequency function response time suggests being 12s, and the suggestion of inertia functional response time is
500ms。
(6) regulating time
Regulating time ttI.e. to real power control precision P since being added frequency or voltage signaljMeet the requirements most in short-term
Between.
Regulating time ttFormula 10 should be met：
tt≤t3(formula 10)
t3It can be configured according to the characteristic of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, test event or according to testing requirement, it is each
The limit value of item pilot project is different.The primary frequency function response time suggests being 30s.
If evaluation index value as above is unsatisfactory for corresponding judgement schematics, the synchronous machine internal control enrolled according to oscillograph
Parameter signal analysis and Control defect.
By photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device provided by the present application, it is virtual photovoltaic can be tested at the scene
The Control performance standard of synchronous generator whether meet demand, it is active if whether frequency modulation/pressure regulation enabling capabilities meet power grid demand
Whether the control characteristics indexs such as support amplitude, control error, response time, regulating time meet the requirements.
The above is merely to illustrate the technical solution of the application, any those of ordinary skill in the art can without prejudice to
Spirit herein and under the scope of, modifications and changes are made to the above embodiments.Therefore, the rights protection scope of the application should regard
Subject to right.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device, which is characterized in that including：Signal generator and oscillograph；
Signal generator connects the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator, for exporting simulating grid frequency variation signal or electricity
Press variable signal to the controller of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator；
Oscillograph connects power grid, voltage signal and current signal for enrolling power grid；Oscillograph is also connected with photovoltaic virtual synchronous
The controller of generator, for enrolling photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator control parameter.
2. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include light irradiance meter and alarm；
Light irradiance meter connects oscillograph, and for measuring intensity of illumination, the illumination measured by oscillograph admission light irradiance meter is strong
Degree；
Alarm connects oscillograph, judges whether intensity of illumination variation meets pre-provisioning request by oscillograph, if judging result is no,
Then control alarm equipment alarm.
3. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that signal generator connects photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller
Phaselocked loop, for sending out three-phase alternating voltage signal.
4. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that signal generator is directly connected to photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator
Controller, for sending out a phase d. c. voltage signal.
5. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that signal generator is also directly connected to oscillograph, for exporting three
Phase ac voltage signal is to oscillograph；
Signal generator also connects oscillograph by the phaselocked loop of photovoltaic virtual synchronous engine controller, for exporting phaselocked loop
The frequency signal of calculating.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108363007A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-08-03 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device and method |
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| CN108363007A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-08-03 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance test device and method |
| CN108363007B (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Photovoltaic virtual synchronous generator performance testing device and method |
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