CN207802494U - Continuous wave draws synchrotron slowly - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of continuous wave of the utility model offer draws synchrotron slowly, for sync plus white heavy ion and/or multiple magnet of proton, the multiple magnet includes dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and six pole magnet, wherein, dipolar magnet is curved for ion beam current, quadrupole electromagnet is used for the focusing of ion beam current, the matching of phase space when six pole magnet for drawing slowly；Each magnet is each equipped with an at least power cell, is electrical connected with magnet, and the power cell includes：Voltage source and storage capacitor；Voltage source is connected to the both ends of storage capacitor, for charging for the storage capacitor；It is electrically connected with magnet after the multiple power cell connection in series-parallel connection, the energy needed for the current waveform pulse ascent stage needed for magnet is provided.Using this utility model, it is no longer necessary to extract forward and reverse big pulse power from power grid, it is only necessary to positive firm power, it is noiseless to power grid, reduce distribution capacity demand while improving line stability.

Description

Continuous wave draws synchrotron slowly

Technical field

The utility model is related to synchrotron fields, further to a kind of continuous wave synchrotron.

Background technology

Due to proton beam and heavy ion beam to the irradiation of organism with the depth-dose distribution, smaller lateral scattered reversed Penetrate, higher relative biological effectiveness and the features such as low oxygen enhancement ratio so that proton and heavy-ion cancer therapy become it is current in the world Advanced effective cancer radiation therapy method；Proton beam and heavy ion can also simulate the radiation environment of the outer space, be for into The effective ways of row space flight single particle effect and the detection of instrument radioresistance；Proton and heavy ion still carry out special material irradiation, The powerful measure of the applications such as ion implantation；It is also applied to nuclear physics, Atomic Physics experimental study.

Current mainstream heavy ion proton precessional magnetometer is divided into three classes, is linear accelerator respectively, cyclotron and same Walk accelerator.Continuous line can be provided using linear accelerator, but cost is far above other two kinds of accelerators and energy Can not almost it change, it is general only to be used in low energy region；Cyclotron can provide continuous line, but be difficult to change to draw energy Amount, and high-energy cyclotron difficulty of processing and cost sharply increase, and are generally also only used in low energy region；Conventional synchronization Accelerator can rapidly convert the energy of educt beaming flow according to the needs of terminal, and middle high-energy section is cost-effective, is the energy The free-stream acceleration device of section, but since magnetic field rising and falling time is long, educt beaming flow duty ratio is small, can not provide continuous line.

Conventional synchronization accelerator driven sub-critical system will be directly loaded into after the conversion of power grid electric energy on magnet, be limited to distribution cost, and one As main field with 1T/s or less even 0.5T/s velocity variations below, it is slow draw it is big in one cycle of operation of synchrotron Part-time is used for magnetic field rise and fall, and educt beaming flow duty ratio is low.Such as the treatment of cancer device HIMM of Wuwei City of Gansu Province, One cycle of operation needs 7.5 seconds, only has 3s, remaining time to be used to magnetic field raising and lowering wherein drawing the time slowly, draws Line duty ratio only has 40%, less efficient, as shown in curve in Fig. 1.Simultaneously work(need to be extracted in the uphill process of magnetic field from power grid Rate needs to return to power to power grid during declining, causes power network fluctuation, influence the normal operation of other equipment.It may be noted that Although as Chinese spallation neutron source (CSNS) uses White's resonance magnet power supply, magnetic field climbing speed that can reach 40T/ S, but the power supply can only be according to fixed frequency, amplitude oscillation, that is, it is only suitable for the line of fixed ion type fixed energies Accelerate, be not suitable for treatment of cancer and irradiate this occasion for needing to change line type, change energy.

In the process of rising or falling of magnetic field, the indoor vortex of vacuum will produce magnetic field, is superimposed upon in main field, interferes line Normal operation.At present in the world using thin wall vacuum vessel reinforcement scheme, the thin wall vacuum vessel (thickness used such as Germany GSI 304 stainless steels of only 0.3mm) resistance can be increased, reduce vortex.But since thin wall vacuum vessel mechanical strength can not be born Atmospheric pressure, therefore welding reinforcing rib perpendicular to vacuum chamber direction.In order to reduce magnetic air gap, muscle height is the smaller the better, but right Muscle requirement of mechanical strength is higher, and GSI muscle material is using P506 special steel materials at present.Due to only fewer companies in the world at present Steel refining formula is grasped, and demand is small, general company does not research and develop intention, causes the material purchases price high, difficulty Greatly.In addition the welding of thin wall vacuum vessel and reinforcing rib needs longer pipeline huge soldering vacuum drying oven, together using soldering When brazing material also raised product cost.

Utility model content

(1) technical problems to be solved

In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of continuous wave synchrotrons, at least partly to solve Techniques discussed above problem.

(2) technical solution

One side according to the present utility model provides a kind of continuous wave and draws synchrotron slowly, including：Add for synchronous Multiple magnet of fast heavy ion and/or proton, the multiple magnet include dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and six pole magnet, wherein Dipolar magnet is curved for ion beam current, and quadrupole electromagnet is used for the focusing of ion beam current, and six pole magnet for drawing phase slowly The matching in space；Each magnet is each equipped with an at least power cell, is electrical connected with magnet, and the power cell includes：Electricity Potential source and storage capacitor；Voltage source is used to charge for the storage capacitor；After the multiple power cell connection in series-parallel connection with magnetic Ferroelectricity connects, and provides the energy needed for the current waveform pulse ascent stage needed for magnet.

In a further embodiment, the voltage source includes high-voltage power supply, and the high-voltage power supply is connected to the energy storage electricity Hold both ends, for powering to the storage capacitor.

In a further embodiment, the power cell further includes switching switch, and switching switch is for controlling energy storage Break-make between capacitance and H bridging parallel operations.

In a further embodiment, further include H bridging parallel operations, be set between voltage source and magnet, pass through duty The control to electric current is realized than control.

In a further embodiment, further include control section, connect respectively with each power cell, is used for each power Unit output pulse width duty ratio PMW controls signal.

In a further embodiment, further include control section, connect respectively with each power cell, is used for each power Unit output pulse width duty ratio PMW controls signal.

In a further embodiment, the multiple power cell is in parallel and/or series connection, in parallel and/or string After connection, it is connected to magnet load both ends.

In a further embodiment, further include for for line by pipeline configuration vacuum chamber；Wherein, the pipe Road structure includes：Steel pipe, with inner tubal wall；Ceramic-lined skeleton, setting is contacted with said inner tube wall, to support the steel Pipe；Hole is both provided on each magnet, vacuum chamber passes through magnet from each hole, and charged ion moves in a vacuum chamber, by magnetic When iron, by magnetic fields, curves or focus.

In a further embodiment, the ceramic-lined skeleton is multiple, is arranged at intervals at the extension of said inner tube wall On direction.

In a further embodiment, the ceramic-lined skeleton is ceramic ring, is mutually fitted with inner tubal wall cross sectional shape It answers.

In a further embodiment, the pipeline section of the steel pipe is round, track type or ellipse；Preferred steel The thickness of pipe wall 0.1-1mm of pipe.

In a further embodiment, the tube material is austenitic stainless steel；The ceramic-lined framework material For aluminium oxide ceramics or toughened zirconia ceramics.

In a further embodiment, further include it is slow draw Drive assembly, for draws the heavy ion after acceleration and/or Proton.

(3) advantageous effect

Using the magnet power supply of plenary capacitance energy storage, energy mainly shifts between magnet and storage capacitor, and transfer velocity can With quickly, the main field rate of climb can reach 15T/s or more, magnetic field rising and falling time is can be controlled within 0.1s, Operational mode is more efficient, and slow-extracted beam stream duty ratio can reach 93% or more, obtain continuous line.

Traditional magnet power supply does not have energy storage effect, only carries energy between magnet and power grid, rises in magnetic field Stage extracts big energy from power grid, and in the magnet decline stage, big energy is returned to power grid.It is same due to having incessantly on power grid Walk accelerator driven sub-critical system, also other electrical equipments, such as the synchrotron of linear accelerator, cyclotron, DC mode Deng, the fluctuation of power grid can influence the output current and voltage of these equipment power supplys, to influence beam quality and experiment measure essence Degree.Plenary capacitance accumulation power supply only extracts a little energy for supplementing the fever energy loss such as magnet, IGBT from power grid, and can lead to Optimization grid side IGBT control strategies are crossed, realizes from power grid invariable power and extracts electric energy, completely eliminate the influence to power grid.

Using the accelerator of the utility model, not only allow synchrotron that conventional synchrotron is kept flexibly to adjust The cost-effective advantage of the energy of educt beaming flow, middle high-energy section is saved, having also obtained linear accelerator and cyclotron can be with The advantages of providing continuous beam becomes the application of the fields such as treatment of cancer, material irradiation, aerospace studies and Experiment Test Accelerator most Good selection.

Description of the drawings

Synchrotron ramping (operation of dipolar magnet magnetic field) curve of Fig. 1 prior arts；

Fig. 2 is synchrotron ramping (operation of dipolar magnet magnetic field) curve of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the synchrotron schematic layout pattern of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 4 is fast cycle pulse working waveform figure；

Fig. 5 is the multiple branch circuit principle of parallel figure of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 6 is cell power block coupled in series schematic diagram in the branch of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 7 is the cell power module fundamental diagram of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 8 A are the utility model embodiment pipeline configuration main view sectional view；Fig. 8 B are the section of the A-A hatching lines along Fig. 8 A Schematic diagram；

Fig. 9 is a whole set of accelerator installation schematic layout pattern of the utility model embodiment.

Specific implementation mode

To make the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and advantage be more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and With reference to attached drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

The utility model solves the low key technology difficulty of conventional slow extraction synchrotron educt beaming flow duty ratio, will Line duty ratio index is enhanced about more than once, and is carried for the treatment of cancer based on proton heavy ion, material irradiation, aerospace studies For it is a set of can provide wide energy, large dosage of rate, high duty ratio continuous wave draw heavy ion or proton-synchrotron slowly.

A kind of continuous wave that the utility model embodiment provides draws synchrotron slowly, including：For sync plus white weight Multiple magnet of ion and/or proton, the multiple magnet include dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and six pole magnet, wherein two poles Magnet is curved for ion beam current, and quadrupole electromagnet is used for the focusing of ion beam current, phase space when six pole magnet for drawing slowly Matching；Each magnet is each equipped with a power supply, and each power supply includes multiple power cells, is electrical connected with magnet, the work( Rate unit includes：Voltage source and storage capacitor；Voltage source is used to charge for the storage capacitor；The multiple power cell string is simultaneously It is electrically connected with magnet after connection connection, the energy needed for the current waveform pulse ascent stage needed for magnet is provided.

In some embodiments, as shown in figure 3, extraction synchrotron can be by dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet, sextupole slowly Magnet draws Drive assembly, relevant magnet power supply, vacuum pipe and beam diagnostics equipment composition slowly.Wherein, injector will Ion beam tentatively accelerates, and is re-introduced into synchrotron, and synchronized accelerator accelerates to energy needed for terminal, then passes through slow Lead-out mode is drawn out to each terminal.Magnet power supply is all made of plenary capacitance energy storage topology, can substantially shorten the acceleration time.Figure Note：With beginning of letter when element is named in figure, then with number, numbered counter-clockwise, each letter say the meaning indicated since decanting point Justice is：D indicates that two pole iron, Q indicate that quadrupole iron, SR indicate that resonance sextupole iron, RF indicate that radio-frequency acceleration cavity, DCCT indicate direct current Flux detector, ES indicate that electrostatic deflection plates, MS indicate that septum magnet, RF-KO indicate that lateral radiofrequency field, PS indicate magnet power supply. Each element, at work, line can be arranged according to mode described in Fig. 3 in the slow extraction synchrotron of the utility model embodiment After injector is injected into synchrotron, counterclockwise the rotary motion in synchrotron, accelerates by high frequency every time Chamber, energy can all obtain small promotion.By hundreds of thousands circle, even millions of circles, ion energy reaches target energy.At this moment RF-KO is opened, line is drawn out to terminal slowly.

Wherein magnet power supply uses the topological structure of plenary capacitance energy storage, control energy to be shifted between magnet and power supply, electricity Net only requires supplementation with a small amount of energy loss.Its circuit topological structure is as shown in Fig. 5, by multiple individual power cells by series connection with Required high voltage is obtained, concatenated series depends on current rise time, pulse current amplitude and load inductance.After series connection Power cell formed an arm, in order to obtain the electric current of bigger can by multiple series arms parallel connection, Fig. 6 is exactly multiple series arms Schematic diagram in parallel.It is greatly convenient by the independent assortment of cell power module by establishing the concept of standard block power module The realization of large power supply greatly increases power supply reliability, economy.

Power supply need to export the voltage of wide scope variation, so if using a field-forcing voltage source, it is difficult to ensure simultaneously flat Platform/ascent stage stability indicator requires and the tracking index request of rapid increase section.Therefore each power cell is strong using prime is become Voltage design is encouraged, power cell topological structure is as shown in Figure 7.Power cell (meets electric current by H bridgings parallel operation, high-voltage power supply in Fig. 7 Voltage needed for rising, such as up to 900V or more), storage capacitor, low pressure source, several parts composition such as switching switch.H bridging parallel operations It is ordinary tap converter, is realized by Duty ratio control and the precision of output current is controlled.High-voltage power supply charges for storage capacitor. Low pressure source provides flat-top energy, and switching switch is responsible for the switching between height potential source.As shown in figure 4, normal work when, first into Enter to inject TP1 sections of platform, that is, first segment direct current platform, high-voltage power supply starts to charge to required high pressure to storage capacitor at this time It is worth, thus capacitance storage energy provides whole energy needed for the ascent stage, but the disconnection of switching switch, low pressure source are put into first at this time Work ensures low pressure stage normal work.When electric current begins to ramp up TR1 sections, switching switch is opened, and high-voltage power supply puts into operation, low Potential source is naturally out of service, and the energy in storage capacitor is passed to magnet by H bridgings parallel operation as an electrical current, on storage capacitor Voltage synchronous declines, and when electric current, which rises to rated value, enters flat-top section TP2, the energy part in storage capacitor has been converted into magnetic The inductance energy of iron coil, at this time voltage only need platform voltage VP3, switching switch cutoff is opened, and continuation is powered by low pressure source, with Keep the electric current output of stable high performance index.When magnet current enters descending branch TF1, magnet inductance generates electricity of inducting Pressure starts to charge to storage capacitor in turn, and deposited inductance energy is transferred back to again in storage capacitor Cf2 in magnet, energy storage at this time Capacitance voltage gradually rises.With current impulse raising and lowering, energy just back and forth flows in capacitance and inductance, because of circuit There are resistance, magnet coil also has resistance, therefore in each cycle, energy all can fall a part by resistance consumption, in electric current The little energy that the energy ratio that descending branch returns in capacitance is run out, at this moment tank voltage is lower than before discharging, under ensureing A cycle works normally, and PWM switching rectifiers high-voltage power supply starts to devote oneself to work at this time, charges to storage capacitor, until charging To required high-voltage value.High pressure and low pressure are converted under main controller controls by switching switch.

Ceramic-lined thin wall vacuum vessel technology is that ceramic ring is put into thin-walled vacuum room to serve as skeleton, bears thin-walled vacuum Indoor and outdoor pressure difference.Based on this two technologies, synchrotron magnetic field rising and falling time be compressed to conventional 1/20 hereinafter, Performance is substantially improved.

With reference to shown in Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B, the pipeline configuration for the synchrotron that the utility model embodiment provides is configured to Pass through for line, including：Steel pipe has inner tubal wall；And ceramic-lined skeleton, setting are contacted with said inner tube wall, with support The steel pipe.

In some embodiments, ceramic-lined skeleton is multiple, is arranged at intervals on said inner tube wall.Preferably, it is spaced Distance be 5-19mm.

In some embodiments, the pipeline section of steel pipe is round, track type or ellipse, or is some abnormity knots Structure, corresponding ceramic-lined skeleton can adjust accordingly, tight with the steel pipe inner tubal wall namely steel pipe that support different cross section type Tightly it is wrapped in ceramic-lined skeleton.

Ceramic-lined skeleton is ceramic ring in some embodiments, is adapted with inner tubal wall cross sectional shape.For example, For round, track type or ellipse, or it is some polymorphic structures.The ceramic ring cross sectional shape is identical with pipeline, outer ruler It is very little close with thin-wall tube metal inside dimension, consider that installation takes negative common difference.

In some embodiments, the ceramic ring has the projective structure along steel pipe extending direction.

In some embodiments, the tube wall size of the steel pipe is 0.3mm.

In some embodiments, the tube material can be austenitic stainless steel；The ceramic-lined framework material is Aluminium oxide ceramics or toughened zirconia ceramics.By the skeleton of the material, can ensure in the case where being resistant to certain high temperature pair The support strength of steel pipe walls.

Fig. 2 is synchrotron ramping (operation of dipolar magnet magnetic field) curve of the utility model embodiment, by adopting With plenary capacitance energy storage magnet power supply technology and ceramic-lined thin wall vacuum vessel technology, by the duty of synchrotron slow-extracted beam stream Than being promoted to 93% or more by current 40%.

The synchrotron uses in the ion implanting to storage rings that multi-turn injection pattern provides injector, according to experiment It is required that control injection amount of ions, reaches required ion populations.Also according to the ion energy that experiment needs, using same Accelerator is walked by ion acceleration to corresponding energy, and utilizes the slow lead-out process of resonance by even ion beam drawing energy platform Multi-turn extraction be transported to terminal, achieve the purpose that ion treatment, experiment and application.

Fig. 9 is a whole set of accelerator installation schematic layout pattern.As shown in figure 8, a whole set of accelerator installation may include ion source 801, low energy bunch 802, linear accelerator 803 (or cyclotron), middle energy bunch 804, synchrotron 805, high energy beam Line 806 and terminal 807.Wherein, source of the ion source 801 as accelerator is used for atom or extramolecular electron detachment, As charged ion, charged ion can just be accelerated by electric field.Then charged ion passes through low energy bunch 802, low energy The main function of bunch 802 is that the acceptance of the phase space of line and linear accelerator matches.Linear accelerator 803 (or Cyclotron) tentatively accelerated for halved tie stream, energy is generally several MeV/u after acceleration.Ion after preliminary acceleration In can bunch 804 be injected into synchrotron, it is middle can bunch 804 main function be by beam phase space with synchronization add Fast device matches.Synchrotron 805 is accumulated the ion of injection, is accelerated, and obtains that target stream is strong and beam energy.It connects down Use slow lead-out process that the line in synchrotron is slowly drawn out to high energy bunch 806, by high energy bunch 806 by ion It is sent to each terminal 807, and the phase space of line and demanding terminal are matched.

The continuous wave that the utility model embodiment is described above draws synchrotron slowly.The device uses full electricity first Hold energy storage magnet power supply technology and ceramic-lined thin wall vacuum vessel technology, by the duty ratio of synchrotron slow-extracted beam stream by mesh Preceding 40% is promoted to 93% or more, and synchrotron is made to realize that continuous wave line is drawn, and can be great strategy demand towards the country etc. Linear accelerator and cyclotron can not provide high energy continuous wave heavy ion and proton beam in the world at present for application study offer Stream is realized based on the slow technological innovation for drawing synchrotron.The utility model will proton is synchronous with heavy ion to be added to being based on The fields such as treatment of cancer, material irradiation, the aerospace studies of fast device exert far reaching influence, and generate huge benefit.With cancer For treatment, which makes line be increased to original twice or more in the target time, and the patient treated every year is by usual scheme 1000 people increase to 2000 people or more, the efficiency and economic benefit of heavy ion proton therapeutic cancer greatly improved.

Particular embodiments described above has carried out into one the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and advantageous effect Step is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely specific embodiment of the utility model, are not limited to this reality With novel, within the spirit and principle of the utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include It is within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (13)

1. a kind of continuous wave draws synchrotron slowly, it is characterised in that including：

For sync plus white heavy ion and/or multiple magnet of proton, the multiple magnet include dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and Six pole magnet, wherein dipolar magnet is curved for ion beam current, and quadrupole electromagnet is used for the focusing of ion beam current, six pole magnet The matching of phase space when for drawing slowly；

Each magnet is each equipped with a power supply, and each power supply includes multiple power cells, is electrical connected with magnet, the power Unit includes：Voltage source and storage capacitor；Voltage source is used to charge for the storage capacitor；Multiple power unit cascades And/or be electrically connected with magnet after being connected in parallel, the energy needed for the current waveform pulse ascent stage needed for magnet is provided.

2. continuous wave according to claim 1 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the voltage source includes high pressure Source, the high-voltage power supply are connected to the storage capacitor both ends, for powering to the storage capacitor.

3. continuous wave according to claim 2 draws synchrotron slowly, it is characterised in that further include H bridging parallel operations, if It is placed between voltage source and magnet, the control to electric current is realized by Duty ratio control.

4. continuous wave according to claim 3 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that further include switching switch, institute Switching switch is stated for controlling the break-make between storage capacitor and H bridging parallel operations.

5. continuous wave according to claim 1 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that further include control section, point It is not connect with each power cell, for controlling signal to each power cell output pulse width duty ratio PMW.

6. continuous wave according to claim 1 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the multiple power cell is In parallel and/or series connection after multiple power unit cascade/parallel connections, is then connected to magnet load both ends.

7. continuous wave according to claim 1 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that further include to pass through for line Pipeline configuration vacuum chamber；Wherein, the pipeline configuration includes：

Steel pipe, with inner tubal wall；

Ceramic-lined skeleton, setting is contacted with said inner tube wall, to support the steel pipe；

Hole is both provided on each magnet, vacuum chamber passes through magnet from each hole, and charged ion moves in a vacuum chamber, by magnetic When iron, by magnetic fields, curves or focus.

8. continuous wave according to claim 7 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the ceramic-lined skeleton is It is multiple, it is arranged at intervals on said inner tube wall extending direction.

9. continuous wave according to claim 7 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the ceramic-lined skeleton is Ceramic ring is adapted with inner tubal wall cross sectional shape.

10. continuous wave according to claim 7 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the pipeline of the steel pipe is cut Face is round, track type or ellipse.

11. continuous wave according to claim 7 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the steel pipe wall thickness 0.1-1mm。

12. continuous wave according to claim 7 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that the tube material is Austria Family name's body stainless steel；The ceramic-lined framework material is aluminium oxide ceramics or toughened zirconia ceramics.

13. continuous wave according to claim 1 draws synchrotron slowly, which is characterized in that further include that slow draw is encouraged Component, for drawing heavy ion and/or proton after accelerating.