CN207798552U - It is a kind of to simulate dynamic test device of the side slope by lateral high frequency periodic impact load - Google Patents
It is a kind of to simulate dynamic test device of the side slope by lateral high frequency periodic impact load Download PDFInfo
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- CN207798552U CN207798552U CN201820709547.2U CN201820709547U CN207798552U CN 207798552 U CN207798552 U CN 207798552U CN 201820709547 U CN201820709547 U CN 201820709547U CN 207798552 U CN207798552 U CN 207798552U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of simulation side slopes by the dynamic test device of lateral high frequency periodic impact load, including reaction frame, chamber, spring, sliding slot, holder；Side slope model is provided in the chamber, the side slope model includes the side slope for being positioned over the embankment of chamber bottom and being placed on embankment, the side slope section is right-angled trapezium shape, it is that opening is arranged that upper box part, which is tested, with side slope inclined-plane and embankment corresponding part, the chamber antetheca is equipped with watch window, and side slope model inclined-plane side is towards watch window.The utility model truly reproduces meizoseismal area side slope by lateral impact load power action response process and response mode, provides for Structural Design, geological hazards prediction etc. and accurately and reliably suggests；The utility model it is simple in structure it is easy make, be easy to operate, test method is simple, economical, repeatable.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to Geotechnical Engineering field, the dynamic response test dress of especially a kind of meizoseismal area side slope
It sets.
Background technology
Earthquake is vibrated caused by during earth's crust quick release of energy, and a kind of naturally existing of seismic wave is during which will produce
As.Seismic wave is divided into three types by circulation way：Longitudinal wave, shear wave and surface wave.Longitudinal wave is translatory wave, and spread speed is in the earth's crust
5.5~7,000 meter per seconds reach earthquake centre, also known as P waves at first, it makes ground that up-down vibration occur, destructive weaker.Shear wave is shearing
Wave, the spread speed in the earth's crust are 3.2~4.0 thousand meter per seconds, second arrival earthquake centre, also known as S waves, before it makes ground occur
Afterwards, left and right shake, it is destructive stronger.Surface wave is also known as L waves, is the mixing for exciting generation after earth's surface is met by longitudinal wave and shear wave
Wave.Its wavelength is big, amplitude is strong, can only be propagated along ground surface, is the principal element for causing building to destroy strongly.Damage Epicenter shakes
Dynamic most strong, the area destroyed than also most serious is known as meizoseismal area, and when earthquake occurs, most basic phenomenon is that the continuous of ground shakes
Dynamic, mainly apparent to shake, the people of meizoseismal area feels to move up and down, i.e. longitudinal wave first sometimes before the shaking for feeling big
It arrives first at, followed by double swerve caused by shear wave, followed by shaking big caused by surface wave.
Tunnel portal side slope refers to the slope surface with certain slope that tunnel portal both sides are made.Southwestern China portion area is
The multiple area of high-intensity earthquake, and building or proposed large-scale hydroelectric project and the more emphasis of geotechnical engineering subterranean tunnel group
Region.The slope instability of earthquake-induced can directly threaten the people's lives and property safety, therefore seismic stability of slopes is studied
It is significant.However, earthquake-induced slope instability has prodigious uncertainty, this uncertainty is essentially from side slope itself property
Shape and potential complications act on two aspects, and side slope itself character belongs to the easy clockwork spring part of seismic slope unstability, including slope ground
Body structure and physico-mechanical properties and side slope geometry；Potential complications act on the risk factor for belonging to slope instability.For
One specific side slope, it is believed that itself character of side slope determines that main uncertainty comes from following earthquake relatively
Effect, that is, risk factor.Dynamic seismic effect is summarized as the intensity of earthquake motion, frequency and continued by Traditional project seismology
It is time, i.e., so-called " three essential of earthquake motions ", but to the earthquake motive force mode of action (that is, dynamic seismic effect direction and effect
Property) consideration of this element is not enough.
Dynamic seismic effect is sufficiently complex, is simulated at present frequently with numerical method in research, while mostly using vibration
Platform is tested and the full-scale model tests such as Dynamic Centrifugal Model Test carry out failure under earthquake action, however is rarely had and be related to simply shaking
The test device of the simulation of power can be reproduced in the response of varying strength seismic wave shear wave power effect slope.Therefore, there is an urgent need for grind
A kind of dynamic response test device that can simulate meizoseismal area side slope by lateral impact load is made, realizes that testing equipment makes
Convenient, test method is simple, economical, repeatable.
Utility model content
Make convenient the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a kind of testing equipment, test method is simple,
Economic, repeatable simulation meizoseismal area side slope is geological hazards prediction by the dynamic response test device of lateral impact load
There is provided according to reference, in geotechnical engineering structure design and optimization reliable parameter recommendation is provided.
Technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is：A kind of simulation side slope is all by lateral high frequency
The dynamic test device of phase property impact load, it is characterised in that：Including reaction frame, chamber, spring, sliding slot, holder；It is described
It is provided with side slope model in chamber, the side slope model includes being positioned over the embankment of chamber bottom and being placed in the side on embankment
Slope, the side slope section are right-angled trapezium shape, and experiment upper box part is that opening is arranged with side slope inclined-plane and embankment corresponding part, described
Chamber antetheca is equipped with watch window, and side slope model inclined-plane side is towards watch window；The chamber is placed in counter-force
In frame, top, bottom, left side and the right side of the reaction frame are equipped with steel plate, the reaction frame top and side slope inclined-plane
And embankment corresponding part is that opening is arranged, steel plate is equipped with collision rectangular aperture on the right side of the reaction frame；
Experiment upper box part, left side wall and the right side wall pass through the top of spring and reaction frame, left side and right side steel plate
It is correspondingly connected with, being provided between the chamber and reaction frame bottom steel plate can be along the horizontal steel free to slide of left and right side direction
Ball, the chamber bottom outside and reaction frame bottom steel plate inside are provided with corresponding for accommodating steel along left and right side direction
The sliding rail of ball；
The sliding slot is divided into vertical accelerating sections, arc accelerating sections, horizontal linear section and horizontal arc and hits section, the level
The arc inflection point that arc hits section passes through collision rectangular aperture to be fixed at the centre of form of chamber right side wall；The level of the sliding slot
It is in mirror symmetry that arc, which hits section by symmetry axis of normal at the centre of form of chamber right side wall, and the horizontal arc of the sliding slot is hit
The angle of section and normal at the centre of form of chamber right side wall is θ, and 30 °≤θ≤60 °, the sliding slot bottom is equipped at least one use
With the holder of fixed chute.
Preferably, the vertical accelerating sections of the sliding slot is height-adjustable, the sliding slot be equipped with lifting platform, it is described can
Hoistable platform is equipped with the sulculus that bead can be allowed to slide, the vertical accelerating sections connection of described sulculus one end and sliding slot.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that：A kind of simulation side slope of the utility model is impacted by lateral high frequency periodic
Potential energy is kinetic energy, periodic bump test case, and passing through by the dynamic test device of load, the bead to fall from sliding slot
The different time intervals of height, release bead when bead starts to fall, to simulate meizoseismal area different earthquake shear wave intensity, difference
Tunnel slope Dynamic response to earthquake is tested under the conditions of duration and different cycles, truly reproduces meizoseismal area tunnel slope earthquake
Shear wave power action response process and response mode are provided for Structural Design, geological hazards prediction etc. and are accurately and reliably built
View, provides fortification against earthquakes to engineering construction；
Bead potential energy not only can be kinetic energy by four sections of designs of sliding slot, but also can adjust small direction of bowl bump test case
Simulate seismic wave, and bead recycling is convenient, can successively recycle, to realize the successive shock of bead；
The utility model it is simple in structure it is easy make, be easy to operate, test method is simple, economical, repeatable.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of dynamic test device of the simulation side slope of the utility model by lateral high frequency periodic impact load
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of dynamic test device of the simulation side slope of the utility model by lateral high frequency periodic impact load
Front view；
Fig. 3 is a kind of dynamic test device of the simulation side slope of the utility model by lateral high frequency periodic impact load
Right view；
Fig. 4 is a kind of dynamic test device of the simulation side slope of the utility model by lateral high frequency periodic impact load
Vertical view；
Fig. 5 is a kind of dynamic test device of the simulation side slope of the utility model by lateral high frequency periodic impact load
The right view of side slope model；
In figure label for：1- chambers, 2- side slopes model, 3- embankments, 4- steel balls, 5- springs, 6- sliding slots, 61- add vertically
The horizontal arc of fast section, 62- arcs accelerating sections, 63- horizontal linears section, 64-, which hits section, 65- arcs inflection point, 7- holders, 8-, to be risen
Drop platform, 9- beads, 10- springs installation point, 11- collisions rectangular aperture, 12- beads recovery end, 13- rum points, 14- beads enter
Penetrate end, 15- reaction frames, 16- steel plates, θ-incident direction of bead bump test case and normal at the centre of form of chamber right side wall
Angle.
Specific implementation mode
The utility model is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 5, a kind of simulation side slope of the utility model is by lateral high frequency periodic
The dynamic test device of impact load, including reaction frame 15, chamber 1, spring 5, sliding slot 6, holder 7；In the chamber 1
It is provided with side slope model 2, the side slope model 2 includes the side slope for being positioned over the embankment 3 of 1 bottom of chamber and being placed on embankment 3,
The side slope section is right-angled trapezium shape, and 1 top of chamber is that opening is arranged with side slope inclined-plane and 3 corresponding part of embankment, described
1 antetheca of chamber is equipped with watch window, and 2 inclined-plane side of the side slope model is towards watch window；The chamber 1 is placed in instead
In power frame 15, top, bottom, left side and the right side of the reaction frame 15 are equipped with steel plate 16,15 top of the reaction frame
It is that opening is arranged with side slope inclined-plane and 3 corresponding part of embankment, 15 right side steel plate 16 of the reaction frame is equipped with collision rectangle and opens
Mouth 11；
2 bottom of side slope model is equipped with embankment 3, simulates the time of day of side slope, and the right side section of side slope is right-angled trapezium,
The upper contact at the upper bottom and chamber 1 of right-angled trapezium, the lower contacts of bottom and chamber 1, a face and the experiment at right angle
Case rear wall contacts, and spring simulates the actual elastic drag in the face that side slope is artificially blocked, and the top of chamber 1 is that opening is set
It sets, top does not have load action, and there are free faces for side slope, and under Far-Field Earthquake, seismic wave is propagated through in the horizontal direction to be come,
Equably active force is applied in side slope by steel plate, side slope may dish out under geological process, collapse, and sliding etc. is broken
It is bad.
Top, left side and the right side that 1 top of the chamber, left side wall and right side wall pass through spring 5 and reaction frame 15
Steel plate is correspondingly connected with, and being provided between 15 bottom steel plate 16 of the chamber 1 and reaction frame can be along left and right side direction level certainly
By the steel ball 4 slided, a diameter of 2cm of the steel ball, in 15 bottom steel plate 16 of 1 bottom outside of the chamber and reaction frame
Side is provided with the corresponding sliding rail for accommodating steel ball 4 along left and right side direction；
The sliding slot 6 divides hits section for vertical accelerating sections 61, arc accelerating sections 62, horizontal linear section 63 and horizontal arc
64, the horizontal arc hits the shape that the arc inflection point 65 of section 64 passes through collision rectangular aperture 11 to be fixed on 1 right side wall of chamber
At the heart；6 bottom of the sliding slot is equipped at least one holder 7 to fixed chute 6；The holder 7 is arranged every a distance,
With fixed chute 6, prevent sliding slot 6 from tilting or toppling over.
The vertical accelerating sections 61 of the sliding slot 6 is height-adjustable, and the sliding slot 6 is equipped with lifting platform 8, described to rise
Drop platform 8 is equipped with the sulculus that bead can be allowed to slide, and described sulculus one end is connect with the vertical accelerating sections 61 of sliding slot 6.Described is small
Slot one end is high, one end is low, and relatively low one end is connect with vertical accelerating sections 61, for guiding bead to roll to the vertical accelerating sections 61.
It is in mirror image that the horizontal arc of the sliding slot 6, which hits section 64 by symmetry axis of normal at the centre of form of 1 right side wall of chamber,
Symmetrically.
The angle that the horizontal arc of the sliding slot 6 hits section 64 and normal at the centre of form of 1 right side wall of chamber is θ, 30 °≤
θ≤60°.Angle theta is smaller, and lateral impact power is bigger, but θ, which is less than 30 °, is possible to attached in rum point when bead can be caused to pop up
It closely hits repeatedly, causes the intensity of seismic wave inaccurate, the tunnel surrounding dynamic response to observe is also just and actual conditions
There are deviations；θ is less than 30 ° of recycling for being unfavorable for bead, to influence continuous, the periodically shock of bead；And θ be more than 60 ° when
It is too small to the impact force of chamber in the horizontal direction, the height of bead point of release must be improved for larger seismic wave intensity,
To improve experiment difficulty.It is obtained by Physical Experiment result, when pipeline is 100cm diameters, and bead is 60cm diameters, is hit
When to hit angle be 45 °, lateral impact power is big, and bead recycling is convenient, can continuously hit to simulate the ground of different cycles, varying strength
Seismic wave.
Between experiment upper box part and the top steel plate of reaction frame, steel plate on the left of chamber left side wall and reaction frame
Between, on the right side of chamber right side wall and reaction frame between steel plate, it is every between chamber bottom and the bottom steel plate of reaction frame
The spring number N in a face is obtained by the following formula：
Wherein K is the elasticity resisting coefficient of side slope, k0For the coefficient of elasticity of single spring.
Equally distributed 9 bullets in the same size are used between 1 top of the chamber and the top steel plate of reaction frame 15
Spring connects.
Equally distributed 36 in the same size are used between 1 right side wall of the chamber and the right side steel plate of reaction frame 15
Spring connects；In the same size equally distributed 36 are used between 1 left side wall of the chamber and the left side steel plate of reaction frame 15
Root spring connects.
A kind of simulation side slope includes the following steps by the dynamic test method of lateral high frequency periodic impact load,
(a) a kind of simulation side slope described in any one of the above embodiments is provided to survey by the power of lateral high frequency periodic impact load
Trial assembly is set, and rational proportion is carried out to experiment soil sample according to the parameter of the side slope in testing program, by experiment soil sample and side slope model 2
It is placed in chamber 1；
(b) bead is discharged on lifting platform, bead adds by vertical accelerating sections 61, arc successively in sliding slot 6
Fast section 62, horizontal linear section 63 and horizontal arc hit section 64, then pass through the collision rectangular aperture of 15 right side wall of reaction frame
11 hit the 65 bump test case 1 of arc inflection point of section 64, the mechanical response of observation side slope model 2 in horizontal arc；
(c) by periodically discharging bead bump test case 1, simulation acts on slope model in meizoseismal area secondary wave
2 dynamic response.
The average impact force of the medium and small ball impact chamber of step (b)It is obtained by the following formula：
Wherein M is the quality of bead, unit kg；For the speed after bead bump test case,For bead bump test
Speed before case,Unit is m/s；Δ t is the time of bead bump test case, unit s；As simulation earthquake is horizontal
Wave acts on the active force of side slope model 2；
WhereinIt is obtained by the following formula：
h1For the vertical range between bead point of release and rum point, unit m；G=9.8m/s2。
When considering single secondary wave effect, in 6 vertical accelerating sections of sliding slot, 61 fixed same position, by different
Time interval discharges bead 9, and bead 9 is in identical speed and impact force bump test case 1,1 inner tunnel model 2 of chamber
In homogeneous formation, under the effect of single earthquake intensity, Stress relief, or even production will occur for tunnel support structure and tunnel surrounding 3
It is raw to destroy, the deformation of tunnel support structure and tunnel surrounding 3 can be observed directly from 1 watch window of chamber；
When considering the effect of varying strength secondary wave, in 6 vertical accelerating sections of sliding slot, 61 fixed different location, by not
Same time interval discharges bead 9, and bead will strike chamber 1 with different kinetic energy and impact force, by adjusting releasing
The height of the quantity, release bead dropped shot discharges the time interval of bead to realize simulation, observation one earthquake spectral action
The mechanical response of lower meizoseismal area tunnel surrounding.
Embodiment：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 5, a kind of simulation side slope of the utility model is installed by lateral high frequency week
The dynamic test device of phase property impact load, as shown in Figure 1, by the soil sample of side slope model 2 loaded in chamber 1；Before chamber 1
Organic glass observation window is installed, to observe the deformation of side slope in chamber 1 on wall.
After device installs, lifting platform is adjusted to h1Position, by a diameter of 3cm, quality be 887.81g bead rising
It is discharged on drop platform.Make bead along 6 bump test right wall of box of sliding slot, hitting section 64 along horizontal arc after shock pops up, sliding
It is 45 ° that the horizontal arc of slot 6, which hits section 64 and the angle theta of normal at the centre of form of 1 right side wall of chamber,.
The speed v before bead slides to bump test case is calculated according to kinetic energy equation1：
Average impact force in knockout process is calculated by the equation of momentum
Wherein M is the quality of bead, unit kg；For the speed after bead bump test case,For bead bump test
Speed before case,Unit is m/s；Δ t is the time of bead bump test case, unit s；As simulation earthquake is horizontal
Wave acts on the active force of side slope model 2；h1For the vertical range between bead point of release and rum point, unit m；G=
9.8m/s2。
Wherein, the speed after the speed of bead bump test case 1Collision time Δ t is measured by velocity radar, Δ t
Unit be s；As simulation secondary wave acts on the active force of 3 soil sample of tunnel surrounding；
I.e. in P Δ t=M (v2+v1)cos45°
After discharging first bead, lifting platform height h is adjusted immediately1, interval time Δ tsSecond bead is discharged,
Repeat aforesaid operations；
After discharging multiple beads, seismic wave is simulated to the effect of soil layer and the response of tunnels in soil.
The deformation that side slope is observed through organic glass observation window, probes into the Mechanism of Deformation And Failure of side slope.Work as h1Occur
When variation, the energy that bead is obtained will also change, h1Bigger, energy is bigger；When highly smaller, side slope only has part
Chip off-falling phenomenon occurs；And when height increases to a certain extent, side slope just starts to generate that part slides or overall collapse shows
As.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of simulation side slope is by the dynamic test device of lateral high frequency periodic impact load, it is characterised in that：Including anti-
Power frame, chamber, spring, sliding slot, holder；Side slope model is provided in the chamber, the side slope model includes placing
Embankment in chamber bottom and the side slope that is placed on embankment, the side slope section are right-angled trapezium shape, test upper box part and side
Slope inclined-plane and embankment corresponding part are that opening is arranged, and the chamber antetheca is equipped with watch window, side slope model inclined-plane
Side is towards watch window；The chamber is placed in reaction frame, top, bottom, left side and the right side of the reaction frame
Equipped with steel plate, the reaction frame top is that opening is arranged with side slope inclined-plane and embankment corresponding part, on the right side of the reaction frame
Steel plate is equipped with collision rectangular aperture；
Experiment upper box part, left side wall and the right side wall are corresponding with the top of reaction frame, left side and right side steel plate by spring
Connection, be provided between the chamber and reaction frame bottom steel plate can along the horizontal steel ball free to slide of left and right side direction,
The chamber bottom outside and reaction frame bottom steel plate inside are provided with corresponding for accommodating steel ball along left and right side direction
Sliding rail；
The sliding slot is divided into vertical accelerating sections, arc accelerating sections, horizontal linear section and horizontal arc and hits section, the horizontal arc
The arc inflection point for hitting section passes through collision rectangular aperture to be fixed at the centre of form of chamber right side wall；The horizontal arc of the sliding slot
It is in mirror symmetry that hit section, which using normal at the centre of form of chamber right side wall be symmetry axis, the horizontal arc of the sliding slot hit section and
The angle of normal is θ at the centre of form of chamber right side wall, and 30 °≤θ≤60 °, the sliding slot bottom is equipped at least one to solid
Determine the holder of sliding slot.
2. a kind of simulation side slope according to claim 1 is filled by the dynamic test of lateral high frequency periodic impact load
It sets, it is characterised in that：The vertical accelerating sections of the sliding slot is height-adjustable, the sliding slot be equipped with lifting platform, it is described can
Hoistable platform is equipped with the sulculus that bead can be allowed to slide, the vertical accelerating sections connection of described sulculus one end and sliding slot.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108919339A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心（西南地质科技创新中心） | It is a kind of simulation meizoseismal area side slope by lateral impact load dynamic response test device and test method |
-
2018
- 2018-05-11 CN CN201820709547.2U patent/CN207798552U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108919339A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心（西南地质科技创新中心） | It is a kind of simulation meizoseismal area side slope by lateral impact load dynamic response test device and test method |
| CN108919339B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-09-10 | 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心（西南地质科技创新中心） | It is a kind of simulation meizoseismal area side slope by lateral impact load dynamic response test device and test method |
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