CN207792433U - A kind of elevator traction mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of elevator traction mechanisms, it include the elevator control system for controlling elevator operation, traction machine, the traction sheave being connected with traction machine, the hoist ropes of winding on the traction sheave, hoist ropes one end connects car, the other end connects counterweight, the coaxially connected worm gear of traction sheave, worm and wheel is meshed, to constitute the lockable mechanism of traction sheave, worm screw is connected with a protection motor, protection motor and traction machine are all made of servo motor and are made, isochronous controller controls traction machine according to the transmission ratio of worm and wheel and protects the rotating speed of motor respectively, keep the rotating ratio of worm and wheel synchronous with the holding of the transmission ratio of worm and wheel；When protecting motor load to be more than maximum set value, the power supply of elevator control system tripping protection motor and traction machine.The utility model can realize the reliable braking of traction sheave when elevator device has a power failure or breaks down, and be effectively prevented from car and rush to summit or the safety accident at crouching bottom.

Description

A kind of elevator traction mechanism

Technical field

The utility model is related to technical field of elevator manufacturing, more particularly, to a kind of safe elevator traction mechanism.

Background technology

In skyscraper, elevator is a kind of corollary equipment of indispensability, can be brought great convenience to occupant.Mesh Before, with the development of economy, middle high-income group largely occurs, and the demand of villa is also being continuously increased, and correspondingly, is suitable for The home lift of villa class building also begins to prevalence.Elevator includes mainly hoistway, a sedan-chair being liftably arranged in hoistway Compartment, the driving mechanism to drive car to lift, currently, driving mechanism is traction-type driving mechanism mostly comprising one sets The traction machine in well headroom is set, traction machine connects traction sheave, and hoist ropes is arranged on traction sheave, and one end of hoist ropes connects sedan-chair Compartment, the other end connects a counterweight that can be lifted in hoistway, to balance the weight of car, to reduce the negative of traction machine It carries.When the forward and reverse rotation of traction machine driving traction sheave, the hoist ropes of winding on the traction sheave moves back and forth, to realize car Lifting, and counterweight is then reversely lifted with car.

Due to traction sheave make by frictional force drives hoist ropes movement, after elevator is used for a long time, hoist ropes with It easy tos produce slipping phenomenon or control system between traction sheave to fail to the control of traction machine, so as to cause the quick of car It rushes to summit or crouching bottom, less serious case leads to the impaired of passenger's body and elevator, serious to result even in passenger's death.For this purpose, people set The various device and method that car safety when elevator is run can be improved are counted, wherein most important mode is set on traction machine Set the arrestment mechanism of an Electromagnetic Control.When elevator power failure or because elevator failure control system cuts off the power supply of elevator When, electromagnet dead electricity in arrestment mechanism and lose electromagnetic attraction, arrestment mechanism is acted by the active force of tripping spring at this time, i.e., Locking braking can be realized to traction machine；And elevator is when having electricity, the electromagnet in arrestment mechanism obtain it is electric, to make arrestment mechanism release To the locking of traction machine, elevator can normal operation.

For example, disclosed one kind " elevator traction machine " in Chinese patent literature, notification number CN2401528Y, including One end of pedestal, motor, worm gear case, worm screw, worm gear shaft, hanging feet, worm gear, traction sheave, arrestment mechanism, the worm gear shaft is equipped with partially Heart set is equipped with tie-plate in the middle part of worm gear shaft, and tie-plate one end is mutually solid with worm gear, the other end and traction sheave mutually admittedly, in tie-plate and Bearing is respectively set between worm gear and between tie-plate and traction sheave, adjustment is equipped in a pair of of hanging feet bottom of setting worm gear shaft Gasket.When work, first power on, so that arrestment mechanism is in energized state by controlling switch, while motor passes through worm screw band Dynamic worm gear operating, and then drive traction sheave rotation, the rope of winding on the traction sheave that can drive lift car by tie-plate Lifting.When car runs to scheduled a certain destination, motor is set to stall by actuating control switch, while by brake Structure is dynamic.Braking principle is as follows：When motor power-off, the solenoid valve dead electricity of arrestment mechanism, the work that a pair of of band-type brake passes through spring force With locking braked wheel, motor shaft is set to stall rapidly by embracing the frictional force between the cap watt and braked wheel explained, to make elevator car Compartment is stabilized ground stop layers.

However existing elevator traction mechanism still has following defect in secure context：Due to existing arrestment mechanism Power comes from spring and electromagnet, and the frequency of use of arrestment mechanism is extremely low, that is to say, that arrestment mechanism is usually all in one Kind static standby mode when therefore, it is necessary to brake, is easy to lead to the failure of braking, Huo Zheyin because of the reasons such as stuck of spring The stuck of electromagnet causes arrestment mechanism to be difficult to reset unlock.In addition arrestment mechanism in locking traction machine or traction sheave still Make by frictional force realization, therefore the reliability of its locking is not high.

Utility model content

Purpose of the utility model is to solve be difficult to reliably braking, safety present in existing elevator traction mechanism Property not high problem, provide a kind of elevator traction mechanism, can realize traction sheave when elevator device has a power failure or breaks down can By braking, it is effectively prevented from car and rushes to summit or the safety accident at crouching bottom.

To achieve the goals above, the utility model uses following technical scheme：

A kind of elevator traction mechanism, including：

Elevator control system is used to control the operation and fault detect of elevator；

Traction machine, the power source as driving car lifting；

The hoist ropes of the traction sheave being connected with traction machine and winding on the traction sheave constitutes the action of driving car lifting Executing agency；

Worm gear mechanism, worm gear therein is coaxially connected with traction sheave, and worm and wheel is meshed, to constitute traction The lockable mechanism of wheel；

Lazy-tongs include the protection motor connected with worm screw, controllable traction machine and the synchronous control for protecting motor speed Device processed, protection motor use servo motor, the isochronous controller to control traction machine respectively according to the transmission ratio of worm and wheel With the rotating speed of protection motor, keep the rotating ratio of worm and wheel synchronous with the holding of the transmission ratio of worm and wheel；

When protecting motor and any one appearance of traction machine is abnormal, elevator control system tripping protection motor and traction machine Power supply.

A worm gear mechanism is arranged in the utility model, and worm gear and traction sheave are coaxially connected.It is known that worm gear Worm screw has self-locking, that is to say, that worm gear can not drive worm screw to rotate, and worm gear rotation can only be driven by worm screw.For this purpose, this A protection motor that worm screw can be driven to rotate is arranged in utility model, and protects motor and traction machine to be all made of and accurately control The servo motor of rotating speed.In this way, isochronous controller can need to control the rotating speed of traction machine according to the operation of car, at the same time, The rotating speed that motor is protected according to the gearratio control of worm and gear, makes to remain synchronous regime between worm screw, worm gear.Namely It says, worm gear at this time is to be driven by traction machine, and worm screw is then by motor-driven, the worm gear of protection as traction sheave It is in mutually independent state with worm screw, is hindered to make worm screw not formed to the rotation of worm gear, protection motor is in zero load State.When entire elevator device has a power failure, worm screw stops operating, you can reliable mechanical self-latching is formed to worm gear, to draging Running wheel forms reliable braking.When the exception that protection motor and the traction machine in the utility model occur may include：Traction machine Out of control that speed is caused to be more than maximum set value, worm gear can not be formed synchronous with worm screw at this time, and worm screw can hinder turning for worm gear automatically It is dynamic, to can avoid rapid aerating-holding or the crouching bottom of car；Traction machine protects motor is out of control to cause worm gear and worm screw cannot essence It is really synchronous, it can be formed between worm gear and worm screw at this time and contact with each other and interfere, protect the load of motor that can rise rapidly.In appearance When stating abnormal, elevator control system can tripping protection motor and traction machine power supply, traction sheave rely on worm and gear self-locking It acts on and reliably brakes, so that it is guaranteed that the safety of elevator operation.It is known that in the prior art, worm and gear is a kind of tool The transmission mechanism for having self-locking effect, in order to improve safety, some detectable car lifting speeds can be arranged in people on elevator Sensor, to cut off the power when fast lifting occurs in car and to brake traction machine.And the worm and gear of the utility model Both there is self-locking, while may make up a reliable mechanical sensing device, on the one hand ensure to go out in power failure or traction machine Traction sheave is reliably braked when existing abnormal conditions, on the other hand can timely perceive the improper operating of traction machine, Jin Erke Safety when significantly hoisting elevator is run.

Preferably, the facewidth of the worm screw is smaller 1-3mm than the space width of worm gear, when protection motor drives worm and wheel When keeping synchronous, discrete state is kept between worm tooth and worm-gear toothing.

The worm and gear of the utility model is not the transmission mechanism of a transmission power in elevator normal operation, due to The facewidth of worm screw is smaller 1-3mm than the space width of worm gear, therefore can have between worm tooth and the tooth socket of worm gear there are one gap, to Make to keep discrete state between worm tooth and worm-gear toothing, can avoid generating contact friction between worm and wheel, while reducing same Walk controller to traction machine, protect motor speed control accuracy requirement, avoid because traction machine, protection motor between rotating speed it is light Micro- deviation causes the frequent shutdown of elevator.

Preferably, one end of the worm screw is connected with protection motor, the other end of worm screw and one can drive worm screw to turn Dynamic rescue facility is associated.

When elevator exception occurs and shuts down, worm and gear brakes traction sheave, at this point, passenger can pass through the rescuing machine of auxiliary Structure drives worm screw rotation, to drive traction sheave rotation by worm gear, keeps car mobile and realizes flat bed nearby, passenger at this time Can remove manually elevator gate and layer door and realize and save oneself.Unlike the prior art, the rescuing machine of the utility model Structure not directly drives traction machine, that is to say, that during entire save oneself, traction sheave be in always worm and gear from lock control Under system, rescue facility positively can drive traction sheave to rotate, on the contrary, traction sheave can not reversely drag rescue facility's action, from And be effectively prevented from because the reasons such as the part getting stuck of rescue facility or error cause car rush to summit or crouching bottom.

Preferably, the rescue facility includes the rescue motor being connect with worm screw, the rescue motor and a standby electricity Source is electrically connected.

In elevator normal operation, rescue motor is in shutdown status；When elevator occur having a power failure or abnormal conditions and cut off Traction machine, protect motor power supply when, stand-by power supply can be rescue the motor short time in power supply, to make rescue motor that can drive Traction sheave rotates, and then makes car with low speed elevation and flat bed nearby.

Preferably, the stand-by power supply is accumulator.

Since in emergency relief, car flat bed nearby only need to be made, therefore, accumulator can be used as spare in we Power supply to be conducive to simplify structure, and facilitates passenger to use.

Preferably, the stand-by power supply is man-power generator, the man-power generator includes one and is arranged in car Manpower driving element, when the power supply of lazy-tongs and traction machine is cut off, the passenger in car can pass through manpower driving member Part makes the rotor of man-power generator rotate power generation, to drive rescue motor rotation, and then drives traction sheave by worm screw, worm gear Rotation.

Man-power generator is conducive to most passengers and realizes passenger self-rescue by way of self-generating, to can avoid because storing Battery malfunction caused by the reasons such as battery discharge leads to not save oneself, and is conducive to improve the reliability saved oneself.

Preferably, the manpower driving element includes the sliding slot being vertically situated in car side wall and is located on sliding slot Side and it is rotatably supported in the rotation axis on bearing block, rotation axis is connected with the rotor of man-power generator, is equipped in sliding slot Can slide up and down sliding block, and sliding block is hinged at the bar of trampling that can be rotated in perpendicular, and rotation axis is equipped with driving Wheel is equipped with one-way driving mechanism between driving wheel and rotation axis, one end of a traction rope is connected on sliding block, traction rope it is another End connect simultaneously wind on the drive wheel, be arranged with disc spring on the rotating shaft, the outer end of disc spring is connected with rotating wheel, disc spring it is interior End is connected with the bearing block of rotation axis, and the bar of trampling has there are one position of readiness straight up and is turned out to level The operating position of state, when trampling bar and being in operating position, passenger can trample downwards bar, to be moved downwards with movable slider It is dynamic, and then drive driving wheel to rotate forward by traction rope, disc spring takes up accumulation of energy at this time, and driving wheel passes through one-way driving mechanism band Turn moving axis rotates, and rotor is driven to rotate and generate electricity；When sliding block moves down in place, bar is trampled in release, and disc spring discharges energy Amount, to drive driving wheel to rotate backward, traction rope band movable slider moves up reset at this time.

It is known that the strength of people's leg is significantly larger than the strength of hand, for this purpose, the utility model is creatively in car Side wall on setting one it is moving up and down trample bar, when needing emergency relief, passenger can be fluctuated and trample bar outward, make to trample Bar is in horizontal operating position, and passenger can easily trample bar at this time, is moved down to make to trample bar band movable slider, And then driving wheel is driven to rotate forward by traction rope.Disc spring gradually takes up and accumulation of energy at this time, and driving wheel passes through single-direction transmission machine Structure drives rotation axis rotation, and rotor is driven to rotate and generate electricity；When sliding block moves down in place, bar is trampled in release, and disc spring is released Exoergic amount, to drive driving wheel to rotate backward, traction rope band movable slider moves up reset at this time.So on circulate, you can real The lasting power generation of existing man-power generator.

Therefore, the utility model has the advantages that：Traction can be realized when elevator device has a power failure or breaks down The reliable braking of wheel is effectively prevented from car and rushes to summit or the safety accident at crouching bottom.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of manpower driving element.

In figure：1, traction machine 2, worm gear mechanism 4, traction sheave 41, hoist ropes 5, protection motor 6, rescue motor 7, mounting platform 8, car 81, sliding slot 82, rotation axis 821, bearing block 83, sliding block 84, trample bar 85, driving wheel 86, traction rope 87, disc spring.

Specific implementation mode

The utility model is further described with specific implementation mode below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of elevator traction mechanism, including the traction on the mounting platform 7 that is arranged at the top of elevator shaft Machine 1, traction machine is using servo motor, in order to accurately control its rotating speed, the power that carrying means are lifted at driving car Source.A coaxially connected traction sheave 4 on the output shaft of traction machine, is arranged with hoist ropes 41 on traction sheave, one end of hoist ropes around Be connected with car 8 after crossing angle pulley, the other end of hoist ropes around being connected with counterweight 9 after angle pulley, traction sheave with Hoist ropes collectively forms the action actuating mechanism of driving car lifting.When traction machine output torque is to drive traction sheave to rotate, The hoist ropes one end of winding on the traction sheave declines, and the other end rises, to drive the lifting of car.Connect when with hoist ropes one end When the car connect rises, what is connect with the hoist ropes other end declines to re-synchronizing；Conversely, when the car being connect with hoist ropes one end When decline, what is connect with the hoist ropes other end rises to re-synchronizing.

In addition, the utility model needs that a worm gear mechanism 2 is arranged, the wheel shaft of wherein worm gear and traction sheave coaxially connects It connects, the worm and wheel engagement being arranged on mounting platform.Since the worm and gear of intermeshing together has self-locking, That is, worm gear can not drive worm screw to rotate, worm gear rotation can only be driven by worm screw.Therefore, intermeshing worm and gear It may make up the lockable mechanism of traction sheave.

Certainly, in order to ensure the normal operation of elevator, the utility model further includes a lazy-tongs, so as to make worm screw with The rotating ratio of worm gear is synchronous with the holding of the transmission ratio of worm and wheel.That is, when traction sheave and worm gear stop operating, snail Bar remains stationary, worm screw at this time can form worm gear reliable self-locking；When the rotation of traction machine driving traction sheave, to make car When lifting, worm gear follows wheel rotation, and lazy-tongs make worm screw rotate at this time, and makes rotating ratio and the worm screw of worm and wheel It is synchronous with the holding of the transmission ratio of worm gear.In this way, worm screw will not form worm gear self-locking, traction sheave can normal rotation, and worm gear Distinguish right traction sheave and lazy-tongs driving with worm screw, there is no the transmission of torque, synchronous machine at this time between worm gear and worm screw Structure is in light condition.When elevator power failure or system occur abnormal, lazy-tongs and traction sheave are cut off the power simultaneously, this When worm screw reliable self-locking can be formed to worm gear.It is understood that the utility model also needs one elevator controlling of setting System to control the operation of elevator, while detecting the failure or abnormal conditions of elevator, timely moved to make Make, to ensure the safety of elevator operation.Since elevator control system is the prior art that all elevators all have, Specific description is not done in the present embodiment.

Specifically, the lazy-tongs of the utility model include the isochronous controller with servo control module, connect with worm screw The protection motor 5 connect, protection motor equally use servo motor, isochronous controller to accurately control traction machine and protect motor Rotating speed.Isochronous controller controls the rotating speed of traction machine according to the operating condition of lift car first, then according to worm and wheel Gearratio control protection motor rotating speed, so that it is guaranteed that the transmission ratio of the rotating ratio of worm and wheel and worm and wheel keep It is synchronous, and then make worm and worm wheel that independent rotation, protection motor at this time be kept to be in light condition.If the traction machine of elevator Rotating speed control occur it is abnormal, generated so as to cause car lifting speed it is abnormal, or protection motor rotating speed control occur it is different Often, worm gear and the rotating speed of worm screw can not match at this time, be interfered with each other to be formed between worm and gear, drive worm screw at this time Protect the load of motor can rapid increase.When protection motor load is more than maximum set value or traction machine and protection motor When deviation between rotating speed and setting value is more than permissible value, it is abnormal that elevator control system assert that elevator device occurs, and cuts at this time The power supply of disconnected protection motor and traction machine, makes worm screw constitute the reliable self-locking to worm gear, to realize the reliable braking of traction sheave, It avoids car occurs rushing to summit or the safety accident at crouching bottom.As long as it should be noted that protecting the rotating speed of motor in the utility model When normal, then traction sheave can not drive worm gear quick rotation.And if when the rotating speed of protection motor is too fast, it loads in meeting rapidly Rise, elevator control system can tripping protection motor and traction machine power supply, so that it is guaranteed that elevator operation safety.

In addition, the facewidth of the utility model worm screw 1-3mm small than the space width of worm gear, preferred value 2mm.In this way, When protecting motor driving worm and wheel to keep synchronous, can make to keep discrete state between worm tooth and worm-gear toothing.Namely It says, the gap of best 1mm is kept between worm tooth and worm-gear toothing, to avoid friction interference is generated between worm and worm wheel, it is ensured that Protection motor is in light condition.

In order to which when elevator breaks down, the timely of passenger is saved oneself, corresponding rescue facility can be arranged in we, so as to tight Anxious moment driving worm screw rotation, and then traction sheave rotation is driven by worm gear.Specifically, we can make one end and the protection of worm screw Motor is connected, and the other end of worm screw is connected with a rescue motor 6, which is usually in shutdown status, that is, It says, the motor shaft for rescuing motor follows worm gear to rotate together.When elevator occur having a power failure or abnormal conditions and cut off traction machine, protection When the power supply of motor, passenger can press the button of saving oneself in car, to start rescue motor, rescue motor at this time and can be driven Worm screw rotates, and then drives worm gear rotation by worm screw, final to drive traction sheave rotation, keeps car mobile and realizes and put down nearby Layer, passenger can leave car in time and complete to save oneself.

In order to ensure reliably saving oneself in any case, a stand-by power supply being made of accumulator can be arranged in we, from And it is rescue motor power supply in elevator power failure.In addition, stand-by power supply can also be one by the small-sized manpower of manually driven Generator, so that the passenger in car completes emergent self-rescue by man-power generator self-generating for rescue motor power supply.It should Man-power generator includes the generator unit for having stator and rotor（It is not shown in figure）, for drive rotor rotate manpower driving Element.Passenger in car can make the rotor of man-power generator rotate power generation by manpower driving element, to drive rescue electricity Machine rotates, and then drives traction sheave rotation by worm screw, worm gear.

Further, as shown in Fig. 2, manpower driving element includes the sliding slot 81 being vertically situated in car side wall and position Above sliding slot and the rotation axis 82 that is rotatably supported on bearing block 821, rotation axis are connected with the rotor of generator unit, To make rotation axis directly rotor can be driven to rotate.Preferably, chain can be respectively set on the armature spindle of rotation axis and generator unit It takes turns, winding driving chain between two sprocket wheels is connected to make rotation axis pass through driving chain with rotor.In this way, we can Generator unit is arranged at the top of car, to facilitate structure to arrange.In addition, the sliding block that can slide up and down is arranged in sliding slot 83, what being hinged at of sliding block can rotate in perpendicular tramples bar 84, and it is standby there are one straight up to trample bar tool It position and is turned out to the operating position of horizontality.When trampling bar and being in position of readiness, tramples bar and be close to the interior of car Side wall；When trampling bar and being in operating position, the limited block on sliding block, which makes to trample bar, is maintained at horizontality, in order to passenger to Under trample bar.

Certainly, we also need to that a driving wheel 85 is arranged on the rotating shaft, the race of the edge setting U-shaped of driving wheel, And one-way driving mechanism is set between driving wheel and rotation axis.On sliding block connect a traction rope 86, traction rope it is another End connects and in the race of driving wheel.In this way, when passenger tramples bar downwards, you can band movable slider moves downwards It is dynamic, to drive driving wheel to rotate forward by traction rope, and then rotation axis rotation is driven by one-way driving mechanism, with driving Rotor is rotated and is generated electricity.It should be noted that we can also be located at one disc spring of rotating wheel side position winding on the rotating shaft 87, the outer end of disc spring is connected with the side of rotating wheel, and the inner end of disc spring is connected with the bearing block of rotation axis.As such, it is desirable to When rescue, passenger can will first trample bar and be turned out to horizontal operating position, bar then be trampled downwards, to drive cunning Block moves down, and then drives driving wheel to rotate forward by traction rope, and disc spring takes up accumulation of energy at this time, and driving wheel is by unidirectionally passing Motivation structure drives rotation axis rotation, and rotor is driven to rotate and generate electricity；When sliding block moves down in place, bar, disk are trampled in release Spring releases energy, and to drive driving wheel to rotate backward, traction rope band movable slider moves up reset at this time.It so moves in circles, i.e., Man-power generator can be made to continue to generate electricity.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of elevator traction mechanism, characterized in that including：

Elevator control system is used to control the operation and fault detect of elevator；

Traction machine, the power source as driving car lifting；

The action that the hoist ropes of the traction sheave being connected with traction machine and winding on the traction sheave constitutes driving car lifting executes Mechanism；

Worm gear mechanism, worm gear therein is coaxially connected with traction sheave, and worm and wheel is meshed, to constitute traction sheave Lockable mechanism；

Lazy-tongs include the protection motor, controllable traction machine and the isochronous controller for protecting motor speed being connect with worm screw, Protect motor that servo motor, the isochronous controller is used to control traction machine and protection respectively according to the transmission ratio of worm and wheel The rotating speed of motor keeps the rotating ratio of worm and wheel synchronous with the holding of the transmission ratio of worm and wheel；

When protecting motor and any one appearance of traction machine is abnormal, the electricity of elevator control system tripping protection motor and traction machine Source.

2. a kind of elevator traction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that tooth socket of the facewidth of the worm screw than worm gear The small 1-3mm of width keeps discrete state when protecting motor driving worm and wheel to keep synchronous between worm tooth and worm-gear toothing.

3. a kind of elevator traction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the worm screw and protection motor phase Connection, the other end of worm screw are associated with the rescue facility that one can drive worm screw to rotate.

4. a kind of elevator traction mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the rescue facility includes being connect with worm screw Rescue motor, the rescue motor is electrically connected with a stand-by power supply.

5. a kind of elevator traction mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the stand-by power supply is accumulator.

6. a kind of elevator traction mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that the stand-by power supply is man-power generator, The man-power generator includes a manpower driving element being arranged in car, when the power supply of lazy-tongs and traction machine is cut When disconnected, the passenger in car can make the rotor of man-power generator rotate power generation by manpower driving element, to drive rescue electricity Machine rotates, and then drives traction sheave rotation by worm screw, worm gear.