CN207720503U - A kind of anode movable type plasma burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of anode movable type plasma burners, include mainly：Cathode, gun body, connector and anode, wherein the cathode includes：Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section horizontally disposed in the inner cavity of the gun body；The connector includes：Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, it is described it is small it is interior be connected with the outer wall of the gun body through thread segment, the imperial palace is connect through thread segment with the outer wall thread of the anode, and the inner wall of the anode and the outer wall of the gun body are slidably and sealingly connected with.The utility model carries out the Igniting pattern of plasma burner by using the anode moving contact formula starting the arc optimization of starting the arc mode, the quick starting the arc may be implemented in which, plasma immediate stability is realized after the starting the arc, it is adjustable with striking-distance between anode and cathode, the features such as arcing voltage range is big, the easy starting the arc.

Description

A kind of anode movable type plasma burner

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the plasma burners such as petrochemical industry, metallurgy and power industry, and in particular to A kind of anode movable type plasma burner.

Background technology

Plasma refer to gas be ionized generation contain a large amount of electronics, ion, excited state molecule, atom and freedom The high active substance of group, also referred to as " the 4th state " of substance, low temperature plasma temperature range arrives tens of thousands of degree thousands of, With regard to hot plasma, hot plasma is applied to industrial, can be used as pulverized coal boiler ignition rifle, rubbish, solid waste Prepared by gasification etc., the igniting of gas turbine and steady combustion, the hydrogen in terms of chemical industry, currently also have numerous studies to use heat plasma Body prepares the materials such as graphene.

Supplier of the plasma burner as heat source at present is mainly used in power station pulverized coal boiler igniting, solid waste rubbish Melt process, flying dust processing etc., existing plasma burner uses Jie that single air source is generated as plasma more Matter air source, medium air source are mainly compressed air, argon gas, the simple gases such as hydrogen, by high-voltage breakdown or are connect during use The mode for touching arcing generates electric arc, is used for ionization medium gas.

Existing power plant passes through negative and positive by the way of movable cathode substantially using plasma igniter since its structure is larger Pole contacting ignition arc forms plasma, carries out current interruption by movable cathode after boiler-burner igniting, primarily serves ignition action. And the plasma burner of the industries such as rubbish melting is needed to be used for a long time, it is all made of the high pressure starting the arc, passes through high electricity Electric arc is formed between pressure breakdown and anode and cathode, dielectric gas forms plasma by electric arc, is used for the supply of heat source, but needs Mating power-supply system is wanted to have the control section of the high pressure starting the arc, whole system power supply is complicated, while increasing system cost, simultaneously It is high to the making requirement on machining accuracy of workpiece, after easily there is Partial ablation during use, it is not easy to the starting the arc, it is necessary to carry out pipe portion Part is replaced, adversely affecting its combustion efficiency.

Utility model content

The utility model is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of anode movable type plasma burner, by adopting The optimization of starting the arc mode is carried out to the Igniting pattern of plasma burner with the anode moving contact formula starting the arc, which may be implemented Plasma immediate stability is realized in the quick starting the arc after the starting the arc, striking-distance is adjustable between having anode and cathode, arcing voltage range Greatly, it is easy the features such as starting the arc.

It is at least to solve one of above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution that the utility model is taken is：

The utility model proposes a kind of anode movable type plasma burners, including：Cathode, gun body, connector and sun Pole, wherein the cathode includes：Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section horizontally disposed in described In the inner cavity of gun body；The connector includes：Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, it is described small interior through spiral shell Line section is connected with the outer wall of the gun body, and the imperial palace is connect through thread segment with the outer wall thread of the anode, the anode Inner wall and the outer wall of the gun body are slidably and sealingly connected with.

Further, isometrical section of inside of the cathode is horizontally disposed cooling water through-hole.

Further, it is along the circumferential direction equipped on isometrical section of outer wall of the cathode multiple with the cooling water through-hole phase The radial through-hole of connection.

Further, further include：Insulating layer is wrapped in isometrical section of outside of the cathode, is set on the insulating layer It is equipped with the apopore being connected with the radial through-hole.

Further, isometrical section of outer diameter of the cathode be less than the gun body internal diameter so that the cathode it is isometrical The inner wall of section and the gun body forms circular passage, and the circular passage is connected with the apopore, forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).

Further, the gun body passes through sealing element and the insulating layer and the electric discharge close to one end of the electric discharge section Section forms end part seal.

Further, the end of the gun body forms gas cavity with the anode, and the electric discharge section of the cathode is along level Direction is set in the gas cavity.

Further, the anode includes connected outlet portion and mounting portion, wherein the inside of the outlet portion is along level Direction is provided with scaling jet passage, and the interior of the scaling jet passage is provided with to be connected with the gas cavity Gas lumen.

Further, the side wall of the outlet portion is equipped with the air inlet being connected with the gas lumen, for being passed through Dielectric gas；The dielectric gas cools down anode by the gas lumen, and by described in air inlet entrance Gas cavity carries out cooling and forms air film protection in cathode surface to cathode.

Further, sealing element, the mounting portion are provided between the small interior outer wall through thread segment and the gun body Outer wall be threadedly coupled through thread segment with the imperial palace, the outer wall of the inner wall of the mounting portion and the gun body is slidingly sealed company It connects, and sealing element is provided between the inner wall of the mounting portion and the outer wall of the gun body.

The utility model includes at least following advantageous effect：

1）The utility model uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, can replace conventional high-tension starting the arc system-level device, this The quick starting the arc may be implemented in utility model, and plasma immediate stability is realized after the starting the arc, and striking-distance can between having anode and cathode The features such as tune, arcing voltage range is big, the easy starting the arc；

2）The utility model uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, passes through the research to device structure so that cooled cathode More rationally so that cathode service life increased；

3）The utility model uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, is cooled down to anode and cathode by dielectric gas, Reduce the heat that anode water cold belt goes out, that improves burner uses power.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model burner.

Wherein, isometrical section 101, it is cooling water through-hole 1011, radial through-hole 1012, electric discharge section 102, gun body 2, small interior through screw thread Section 301, imperial palace are through in thread segment 302, outlet portion 401, scaling jet passage 402, mounting portion 403, gas cavity 404, gas Chamber 405, the first air inlet 4051, the second air inlet 4052, insulating layer 5, sealing element 6, cooling water flow to W.

Specific implementation mode

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, with reference to specific embodiment The utility model is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining that this practicality is new Type, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according in the art Document described in technology or condition or carried out according to product description.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model burner, shown referring to Fig.1, Anode movable type plasma burner described in the utility model includes：Cathode, insulating layer, gun body, connector and anode.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, cathode described in the utility model includes：It is connected with each other Isometrical section and electric discharge section, wherein described isometrical section horizontally disposed in the inner cavity of the gun body, outside described isometrical section Diameter is less than the internal diameter of the gun body so that described isometrical section with the inner wall of gun body formation circular passage, and described isometrical section Inside be it is hollow, form horizontally disposed cooling water through-hole, meanwhile, on isometrical section of the outer wall along the circumferential direction Equipped with multiple radial through-hole being connected with the cooling water through-hole, cooling water enters from the cooling water through-hole, from the ring Shape reversely flows out in channel, and cooling water flows to W as shown, more specifically, the radial through-hole is disposed in proximity to the electric discharge At 0.5 times of isometrical section of outer diameter distance of section side, the aperture of the radial through-hole is 0.5 times of the isometrical section of internal diameter；According to Some embodiments of the utility model, isometrical section of outer diameter described in the utility model are 10-20mm, preferably 15mm；The diameter It it is 6 or 8 to number of openings.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, the electric discharge section is in coniform, with the isometrical section of phase Even and it is located at isometrical section of the right side, and the electric discharge section is horizontally disposed in the gas cavity, the electric discharge The isometrical section of outer diameter that the length of section is 2-2.5 times, preferably 2 times of isometrical section of outer diameter, cone angle are 15-25 °, preferably 20 °, material is preferably tungsten.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, insulating layer described in the utility model is wrapped in the cathode Isometrical section of outside, the apopore being connected with the radial through-hole, the number of the apopore are provided on the insulating layer Amount is identical as the radial through-hole that isometrical section of the outer wall is equipped with as size, when installation, is overlapped with the radial through-hole, i.e., The apopore is connected with the circular passage and radial through-hole respectively, forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR)；It is according to the present utility model Some embodiments, the insulating layer material is preferably polytetrafluoro, and the thickness of the insulating layer is preferably 3mm.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, gun body described in the utility model is close to the electric discharge section One end, i.e., described isometrical section of the right end form end part seal, the rifle by sealing element and the insulating layer with the electric discharge section The end of body forms gas cavity with the anode, and the electric discharge section of the cathode is horizontally disposed in the gas cavity It is interior；Apart from the position of the 0.5 times of gun body outer diameter in the end of the gun body, it is provided with external screw thread in an axial direction on the gun body outer wall, uses In the connection connector；Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the material of gun body described in the utility model are preferably exhausted Edge material.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, connector described in the utility model is annulus cylindricality knot Structure is divided into the both ends internal thread structure of different inner diameters, including：Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, In, it is described it is small it is interior be connected with the outer wall of the gun body by sealing element through thread segment, the imperial palace is through thread segment and the anode Mounting portion outer wall thread connection, the inner wall of the mounting portion of the anode and the outer wall of the gun body be slidably and sealingly connected with, and It is provided with sealing element between the inner wall of the mounting portion and the outer wall of the gun body, by the threaded connection of anode and connector, So that anode is moved along equipment axis direction by way of the threaded connection between the connector and anode, is passed through medium Gas twists the distance between adjustment anode and cathode when the starting the arc by spanner, and after anode and cathode contact, reversed Twist wrench makes negative and positive Pole interpolar is passed through the combustion process that dielectric gas completes plasma burner away from the completion starting the arc is increased；It is according to the present utility model The material of some embodiments, connector described in the utility model is preferably red copper.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, anode described in the utility model includes：Connected installation Portion and outlet portion, wherein the mounting portion outer wall is provided with the external screw thread that length is 10-20mm in the axial direction, preferably The wall thickness of 15mm, the mounting portion are 8-12mm, preferably 10mm, coordinate through thread segment with the imperial palace of the connector and install.

Embodiment according to the present utility model, shown referring to Fig.1, the inside of the outlet portion is horizontally disposed contracting The interior in spout channel, the scaling jet passage is provided with the gas lumen being connected with the gas cavity；Institute The side wall for stating outlet portion is equipped with the air inlet being connected with the gas lumen, including：First air inlet and the second air inlet, More specifically：First air inlet is set to the outlet portion at the spout 40-50mm apart from the scaling jet passage Outer wall on, preferably 45mm, the bore of first air inlet is 8-12mm；Close to cathode side, described scaling spout On the side wall in channel, the gas cavity is connected by multiple second air inlets of circumference uniform distribution with the gas lumen, institute The bore for stating the second air inlet is 0.5 times of the bore of first air inlet, and quantity is preferably 8-12；The dielectric gas Anode is cooled down into the gas lumen by the first air inlet, and the gas space is entered by the second air inlet Chamber carries out cooling and forms air film protection in cathode surface to cathode, is ionized with anode by cathode and is passed through after forming plasma state The scaling jet passage sprays, and improves the service life of equipment anode and cathode, while reducing the heat that water cooling is taken out of.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the anode outer diameter are 40-60mm, preferably 50mm, length 70- The material of 100mm, preferably 80mm, the anode are preferably red copper.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the scaling spout smallest passage sectional dimension are the contracting of the anode Spout passage length 1:6-1：9, preferably 1:8；The scaling jet passage includes：The necking section and expansion segment being sequentially connected, Wherein, the spout relative aperture of the inlet calibre Yu the expansion segment of the necking section is 1:1-1:3, preferably 1:2, the necking section Length be 4-6mm, preferably 5mm, the inlet calibre of the necking section is 5-10mm, preferably 8mm.

Some embodiments according to the present utility model, the gap between anode and cathode described in the utility model cannot be too big, Gap too conference causes resistance too big, and working gas is caused to be not easy to be ionized, and flame is formed to be difficult to, so the utility model Anode is moved by the connector, it is 3-5mm to make the distance between anode and cathode gap, preferably adjusts spacing when using and is 4mm。

The course of work of anode movable type plasma burner described in the utility model is：Pass through the connector and anode Between the mode of threaded connection so that anode is moved along equipment axis direction, be passed through dielectric gas, when starting the arc passes through spanner The distance between twisting adjustment anode and cathode, after anode and cathode contact, reversed Twist wrench makes anode and cathode interpolar away from increase, and appearance can By the runner of dielectric gas, to generate plasma after electric arc ionization, be sprayed by anode spout and complete the starting the arc, reduce anode The heat that water cooling is taken away increases the mean temperature of plasma, and flame mean temperature completes plasma combustion at 2500-3000 DEG C The combustion process of burner.

Embodiment 1：Dielectric gas is using argon gas as dielectric gas, and anode necking section inlet calibre is 5mm, and length is 4mm, expansion segment spout bore are 10mm, length 40mm, and scaling jet passage overall length is 44mm, and anode outer diameter is 50mm, long Degree be 80mm, anode mounting portion internal diameter be 40mm, the long 15mm of internal thread, the first air inlet be located at away from anode nozzle 45mm at, First air inlet bore is 10mm, and the second air inlet bore is 5mm, and quantity is 10, circumference uniform distribution, pitch diameter 45mm, Isometrical section of outer diameter of cathode is 15mm, and length 150mm, cathodic discharge section is cone, and cone angle is 20 °, length 30mm.

Burner operation data described in the utility model is as follows：Electric current 140-150A, voltage 50-60V, passes through screw thread rotation Electric arc is generated after so that anode and cathode is contacted, does not need additional high pressure arc starter, anode and cathode is cooled down by dielectric gas, is used Service life, plasma temperature can be to 2800 DEG C, and gas consumption is controlled in 50-70L/min up to 30h or more.

Jet passage dependency structure size is scaled by change, the starting the arc can be made unstable not in scope of design, it is difficult to adjust Interpolar is saved away from easy current interruption influences the normal operation of burner.

Inventor has found, according to anode movable type plasma burner described in the utility model, using anode movable type Arc-striking structure, can replace conventional high-tension starting the arc system-level device, the quick starting the arc may be implemented, and realize that plasma is fast after the starting the arc The features such as speed is stablized, and striking-distance is adjustable between having anode and cathode, and arcing voltage range is big, the easy starting the arc；Meanwhile this practicality is new Type uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, passes through the research to device structure so that cooled cathode is more reasonable so that cathode makes It increased with the service life；In addition, the utility model uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, by dielectric gas to anode and cathode It is cooled down, reduces the heat that anode water cold belt goes out, that improves burner uses power.

In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, the terms such as term " connected ", " connection " should be done extensively Reason and good sense solution may be a detachable connection for example, it may be being fixedly connected, or integral；Can be mechanical connection, it can also It is electrical connection；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be connection inside two elements or The interaction relationship of two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand as the case may be above-mentioned The concrete meaning of term in the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation of the instructions such as term "upper", "lower", "left", "right" Or position relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description the utility model and simplification is retouched It states, does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, Therefore it should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the utility model.In the present specification, to the schematic table of above-mentioned term Identical embodiment or example need not be directed to by stating.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be It can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, this field Technical staff can carry out the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples In conjunction with and combination.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is Illustratively, it should not be understood as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art are in the scope of the utility model Inside it can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments, meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, foundation The thought of the application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of anode movable type plasma burner, which is characterized in that including：Cathode, gun body, connector and anode, wherein

The cathode includes：Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section horizontally disposed in the gun body Inner cavity in；

The connector includes：Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, it is described small interior through thread segment and institute The outer wall for stating gun body is connected, and the imperial palace is connect through thread segment with the outer wall thread of the anode, the inner wall of the anode and institute The outer wall for stating gun body is slidably and sealingly connected with.

2. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that isometrical section of inside of the cathode is along level Direction is provided with cooling water through-hole.

3. plasma burner according to claim 2, which is characterized in that isometrical section of outer wall upper edge of the cathode is justified Circumferential direction is equipped with multiple radial through-hole being connected with the cooling water through-hole.

4. plasma burner according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include：Insulating layer is wrapped in described the moon Isometrical section of outside of pole, is provided with the apopore being connected with the radial through-hole on the insulating layer.

5. plasma burner according to claim 4, which is characterized in that isometrical section of outer diameter of the cathode is less than institute State the internal diameter of gun body so that the inner wall of isometrical section of the cathode and the gun body forms circular passage, the circular passage with The apopore is connected, and forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).

6. plasma burner according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the gun body is close to one end of the electric discharge section By sealing element and the insulating layer end part seal is formed with the electric discharge section.

7. plasma burner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the end of the gun body is formed with the anode The electric discharge section of gas cavity, the cathode is horizontally disposed in the gas cavity.

8. plasma burner according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the anode includes connected outlet portion and peace Dress portion, wherein the inside of the outlet portion is horizontally disposed scaling jet passage, the side wall of the scaling jet passage It is internally provided with the gas lumen being connected with the gas cavity.

9. plasma burner according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the side wall of the outlet portion be equipped with it is described The air inlet that gas lumen is connected, for being passed through dielectric gas；The dielectric gas by the gas lumen to anode into Row cooling, and the gas cavity is entered by the air inlet, carry out cooling to cathode and is protected in cathode surface formation air film Shield.

10. plasma burner according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described small interior through thread segment and the gun body Outer wall between be provided with sealing element, the outer wall of the mounting portion is threadedly coupled with the imperial palace through thread segment, the mounting portion Inner wall and the outer wall of the gun body be slidably and sealingly connected with, and be arranged between the inner wall of the mounting portion and the outer wall of the gun body There is sealing element.