CN2077154U

CN2077154U - Axial sliding energy-saving electromagnet

Info

Publication number: CN2077154U
Application number: CN 90222993
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张家政; 张琦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-10-31
Filing date: 1990-10-31
Publication date: 1991-05-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electromagnet which is fixed with a shaft made of insulating magnetism material on an armature in an electromagnet which is composed of a yoke iron, the armature, a draw rod, a starting coil, a maintaining coil, a control circuit and an end cap. The other end of the shaft is sheathed in the central through hole of the yoke iron. The friction move of the whole armature is changed into the axial slide of the shaft. The sliding contact area is reduced. Lubricant is arranged. The service life and the working frequency are improved. The operating current, the volume of the electromagnet and the coils are decreased. The control circuit adopts the coils which are connected in series. The control system that the two coils can work for a long time, the electromagnet is started with great current, and the electromagnet is maintained with low current can be obtained. Electrical energy is saved.

Description

Axial sliding energy-saving electromagnet

The utility model relates to a kind of electromagnet that armature is arranged, specifically a kind of electromagnet that is exclusively used in alternating current.

Alternating electromagnet is widely used in traction and brakes in the automation electrical equipment such as various electromagnetically operated valves and relay, contactor, as a kind of execution and control element.Its structure generally is made up of yoke, armature, pull bar, coil, control circuit and end cap, and yoke and armature all are to be formed by stacking with silicon steel sheet.In the use, the motion of armature is that the dry friction by silicon steel sheet is carried out under unlubricated state, and its frictional resistance is very big, for this reason in the start-up course of electromagnet, must apply bigger electric current and form very strong magnetic field, just can make electromagnetic actuation, coil is done just very greatly.Its shortcoming is that the electromagnet volume is big, cost is high, uses enamelled wire more, and because of frictional resistance is big, operating frequency can not be high, and useful life is lower.On the other hand, still keep with big electric current behind the electromagnetic actuation, energy loss is very big, and coil easily burns.The CN2046675U patent is that magnet spool is divided into two, and one is actuating coil, and one is to keep coil, two coils from parallel connection of coils, and when electromagnet starts, two groups of coil electricities, impedance is little, and electric current is big.When the armature adhesive, disconnect actuating coil, impedance increases, and electric current reduces, thereby realizes big current start, and little electric current is kept.This structure has certain effect to saves energy, and deficiency is that the contact of actuating coil is to disconnect under the big electric current when starting, and easily burn the contact, reliability is reduced, and after the adhesive in short-term, actuating coil disconnects for a long time, and the utilance of coil is low.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of new electromagnet that solves big this problem of armature motion frictional resistance, and has big current start, little electric current is kept and the coil utilance is high new-type coil connected mode.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that in the alternating electromagnet of being made up of yoke, armature, pull bar, actuating coil, control circuit and end cap, be fixed with an axle of being made by NULL in the centre of the armature end face relative with yoke, the other end of axle is enclosed within the central through hole of yoke.Like this, the motion of armature is not the dry friction of silicon steel sheet, but realizes displacement by above-mentioned axle in yoke, passes through axle in axially movable purpose thereby reached armature.Connected mode with two coils makes coupled in series into simultaneously, and is keeping a coil two ends switching tube in parallel.Start moment, the switching tube conducting will be kept coil short, have only actuating coil to work, and impedance is little, and electric current is big, and after one section time-delay, switching tube turn-offs, and seals in and keeps coil, and impedance increases, and electric current reduces.And all be that two coils work in most times of work of electromagnet, make its utilance very high.

Key of the present utility model is to be installed on the armature as slide unit with the axle that a NULL is made, and has not only avoided the generation of magnet short-cut path phenomenon, and the magnetic line of force is still concentrated in the stroke space of armature and yoke with regard to major part; And the armature motion form become endwisely slipping of axle arranged, thereby greatly reduce frictional resistance, and then the electromagnet coil volume is reduced, starting current further reduces, and operating frequency then can obviously improve, and adapts to the needs of high-frequency work occasion.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of control circuit for electromagnet part.

1 is yoke among Fig. 1, the 2nd, and armature, the 3rd, actuating coil, the 4th, keep coil, the 5th, control circuit, the 6th, end cap, the 8th, pull bar.The axle of being made by NULL 7 is fixed on the armature centre, and the other end is enclosed within the through hole at yoke center, and withstands on the termination of push rod 11.Push rod 11 is as the link of electromagnet and braking or tractor, by electromagnetic actuation, push rod is moved and produces the power of declutching or tractive effort.Owing to adopt the new-type mode that endwisely slips, make frictional resistance reduce greatly, required starting current and magnetic field intensity reduce, thus yoke and armature can be made with soft iron material integral body, as use the mild steel manufacturing, to replace a large amount of silicon steel sheets.Be further to reduce frictional force, improve useful life, should apply lubricating oil at the sliding contact position, concrete form is to open a through hole in axle 7, and one of its opening is at axle 7 and armature 2.The end face that joins middle part, another is opened on axle 7 and side that yoke contacts.One oil filler point 10 is arranged on the end cap 6, and the opening at its top is a lubricating cup mouth 9, and the centre of oil filler point 10 by pull bar 8 and armature 2 communicates with hole on the axle 7.Can apply lubricating oil on the contact-making surface of axle 7 and yoke and on the contact-making surface of pull bar and end cap like this.Among Fig. 1, magnetism isolating spacer 12 is arranged between armature and the end cap, insulation cushion 13 is arranged between coil and end cap and the yoke, coil is on bobbin 14.

The circuit theory diagrams of control circuit for electromagnet 5 as shown in Figure 2, coil L1, L2(are actuating coil and keep coil) serial connection, diode D2, D3 are the continued flow tube of L1 and L2.With L2 and be connected to a controllable silicon CT, the trigger end of CT is connected on the branch road that is connected into by resistance R 1, R2 and triode BG, in the base stage of BG capacitor C and resistance R 5 parallel connections is arranged, and series resistor R3 has constituted timing circuit again.Energized, BG is conducting not, and the CT trigger end of Lian Jieing is a high potential with it, the CT conducting, with the L2 short circuit, L1 works, make electromagnetic actuation, power supply also charges to C by resistance R 1, R4 this moment, when C reaches certain voltage, and the BG conducting, CT turn-offs, electric current flows through L1, L2, keeps armature with little electric current and continues to keep adhesive, and capacitor C is discharged by R5.In control circuit, also can select other circuit connecting mode to realize the working method that the little electric current of big current start is kept.

This electromagnet has reduced the sliding contact area, and has added lubricatedly, and therefore reduce friction has greatly improved useful life.And during current transformation, coil is to adopt noncontacting switch to cut-off, and does not have the problem of burning contact or loose contact.Two coils all work long hours under little electric current, are difficult for burning, and have further improved the reliability and the useful life of electromagnet.

Claims

1, a kind of energy-saving electromagnet in axial sliding, by yoke 1, armature 2, pull bar 8, actuating coil 3, keep coil 4, control circuit 5 and end cap 6 and form, it is characterized in that being fixed with in the centre of armature 2 one side relative with yoke an axle 7 of being made by NULL, the other end of axle 7 is enclosed within the central through hole of yoke 1.

2, energy-saving electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that axle is porose in 7, end face middle part that joins at axle 7 and armature 2 of its opening, and another is opened on axle 7 and side that yoke contacts.

3, energy-saving electromagnet according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that an oil filler point 10 is arranged on the end cap 6, and the opening of its napex is a lubricating cup mouth 9, and the centre of oil filler point 10 by pull bar 8 and armature 2 communicates with hole on the axle 7.

4, energy-saving electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that yoke 1 and armature 2 made by the soft iron material of integral body.

5, energy-saving electromagnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that coil L1, L2 serial connection in the control circuit 5, with L2 and be connected to a controllable silicon CT, the trigger end of CT is connected on the branch road that is connected into by resistance R 1, R2 and triode BG, base stage at BG is capacitor C and resistance R 5 parallel connections, series resistance R3 again, the timing circuit of formation.