CN207677471U - The passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle - Google Patents
The passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN207677471U CN207677471U CN201721803304.7U CN201721803304U CN207677471U CN 207677471 U CN207677471 U CN 207677471U CN 201721803304 U CN201721803304 U CN 201721803304U CN 207677471 U CN207677471 U CN 207677471U
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- Prior art keywords
- unit
- equalizer
- electric vehicle
- equalizer switch
- single battery
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001550 time effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of electric vehicle passively balanced safety circuit, it includes an integrated acquisition and Balance route unit, at least two single batteries, equalizing resistance corresponding with the quantity of single battery and equalizer switch unit, at least two single batteries are sequentially connected in series, and an equalizing resistance and an equalizer switch unit are series between the anode and cathode of a single battery；Wherein, each equalizer switch unit includes at least two equalizer switches, and the control terminal of at least two equalizer switches is all connected to integrated acquisition and Balance route unit.Since each equalizer switch unit includes at least two equalizer switches, therefore there is no the risks of single point failure, it is possible to prevente effectively from the risk that passive equalizing circuit failure causes single battery to be vented, improves the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile after lower electricity.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to the passive balanced safety circuits of electric vehicle engineering field more particularly to a kind of electric vehicle.
Background technology
Power battery is the major impetus source of New-energy electric vehicle, and irreplaceable work is played in Full Vehicle System
With with usage time, the variation of external environment and cell internal components aging etc. between each monomer of power battery pack
Factor can cause the difference between each monomer to become larger, i.e., the consistency between each single battery is deteriorated.Therefore it needs
Design special equalizing circuit, each battery core in power battery pack is carried out it is online balanced, in order to reduce power battery
Organize issuable inconsistence problems in practical applications.Wherein, passive equalizing circuit is answered extensively because its is small, at low cost
For electric vehicle.
Currently, generally increasing the passive balanced way for closing and controlling using bypass resistance energy consumption carries out battery pack balanced, Fig. 1
Show a kind of existing passive equalizing circuit, including be sequentially connected in series in battery cell anode cathode between pressure limiting resistance 4,
Divider resistance R1, divider resistance R2 and equalizer switch 1, the equalizer switch 1 are connect with detecting and controlling chip 2, in pressure limiting electricity
It is connected with the voltage-stabiliser tube 3 in parallel with divider resistance R1, divider resistance R2, the access of the voltage-stabiliser tube 3 between resistance 4 and equalizer switch 1
End connect with equalizer switch 1, pick out that end is connect with pressure limiting resistance 4, reference edge is connected to divider resistance R1 and divider resistance R2 it
Between.But in existing this passive equalizing circuit, since only there are one equalizer switches, there are potential single point failures
Risk will make battery constantly discharge after passive equalizer switch fails, and will cause irreversible mistake after a period of time to battery
It discharges and damages, safety is not high；In addition, the demand according to different battery cores is needed in this passive equalizing circuit, adjustment partial pressure
The parameter of resistance, poor universality.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of quilt that can effectively avoid passive equalizing circuit failure that single battery is caused to be vented
Dynamic equilibrium safety circuit, to overcome above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide one kind, and passive equalizing circuit failure can effectively be avoided to lead to single battery
The passive balanced safety circuit of the electric vehicle being vented, to improve the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is：A kind of passive balanced safety electricity of electric vehicle is provided
Road comprising an integrated acquisition and Balance route unit, at least two single batteries, corresponding with the quantity of the single battery
Equalizing resistance and equalizer switch unit, at least two single batteries be sequentially connected in series, described in an equalizing resistance and one
Equalizer switch unit is series between the anode and cathode of a single battery；Wherein, each equalizer switch unit is equal
Including at least two equalizer switches, the control terminal of at least two equalizer switches is all connected to the integrated acquisition and balanced control
Unit processed.
Preferably, at least two equalizer switches are independent of one another and are sequentially connected in series in the equalizing resistance and the monomer
Between the cathode of battery.
Preferably, the equalizer switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, the equalizer switch unit is the IC devices for being integrated at least two equalizer switches.
Preferably, passively balanced safety circuit further includes corresponding with the quantity of the single battery to the electric vehicle
Balanced drive unit, each balanced drive unit are connected to an equalizer switch unit and the integrated acquisition and balanced
Between control unit.
Preferably, each balanced drive unit includes first resistor, second resistance and the first capacitance, described first
Resistance is connected to the control terminal and the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit of the equalizer switch of the equalizer switch unit
Between, the second resistance, first capacitance be parallel to the control terminal of the equalizer switch of the equalizer switch unit with
Between the cathode of the single battery.
Preferably, passively balanced safety circuit further includes multiple acquisition filter units, each list to the electric vehicle
Anode, the cathode of body battery are connected to the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit by an acquisition filter unit respectively.
Preferably, the acquisition filter unit includes concatenated 3rd resistor and the second capacitance, and the 3rd resistor, institute
The tie point for stating the second capacitance is also attached to the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit, and the 3rd resistor other end is connected to
The positive or negative pole of one single battery, the other end ground connection of second capacitance.
Preferably, passively balanced safety circuit further includes current foldback circuit to the electric vehicle, the overcurrent protection electricity
Road is series at the positive between the equalizing resistance of the single battery.
Preferably, the current foldback circuit includes fuse or self-recovery fuse, the fuse or described from extensive
Double insurance silk is series at the positive between the equalizing resistance of the single battery.
Compared with prior art, due to the passive balanced safety circuit of the electric vehicle of the utility model, each of which is balanced
Switch unit includes at least two equalizer switches, the control terminals of at least two equalizer switches be all connected to the integrated acquisition and
Balance route unit, thus, there is no the risks of single point failure, it is possible to prevente effectively from passive equalizing circuit failure is led after lower electricity
The risk for causing single battery to be vented, improves the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile；In addition, it is not necessary that according to
Different battery cores adjust the parameter of divider resistance, and versatility is more preferable.Further, the utility model is by acquiring filter unit
Setting, can diagnose the state of equalizer switch unit when powering on, with the equalizer switch unit and alarm to short-circuit failure, from
And further increase the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of existing passive equalizing circuit.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of passive balanced one embodiment of safety circuit of the utility model electric vehicle.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiments of the present invention are described referring now to the drawings, similar element numbers represent similar member in attached drawing
Part.
As shown in Fig. 2, the passive balanced safety circuit 100 of electric vehicle provided by the utility model comprising one is integrated
It is acquisition and Balance route unit M1, at least two single batteries, equalizing resistance corresponding with the quantity of the single battery, equal
Weigh switch unit and balanced drive unit.Wherein, at least two single batteries are sequentially connected in series, an equalizing resistance and an equalizer switch
Unit is series between the anode and cathode of a single battery, and a balanced drive unit is connected to the control of an equalizer switch unit
Between end and integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1.In the utility model, each equalizer switch unit includes at least two
The control terminal of equalizer switch, at least two equalizer switches is all connected to the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1, this is integrated
Acquisition and Balance route unit M1 control the break-make of equalizer switch by balanced drive unit respectively.
Preferably, the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1 are using AFE (AFE(analog front end)) chips as core, periphery electricity
Road can flexible configuration as needed, LDO power supplys if necessary, communication module etc., this belongs to the routine of passive balanced management system
Setting, therefore be not described in detail.
In a kind of embodiment of the utility model, equalizer switch unit includes two independent equalizer switches, and two is independent
Equalizer switch be series between the equalizing resistance and the cathode of the single battery, and the control terminal of two equalizer switches connects
It is connected to integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1.
It is highly preferred that the equalizer switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor, the type of metal-oxide-semiconductor is determined according to different AFE chips, is generally adopted
With NMOS field-effect tube.
It is to be appreciated that equalizer switch unit is not limited to above-mentioned set-up mode, it can also be that one is integrated at least two
The IC devices of equalizer switch.
Shown in Fig. 2, passively balanced safety circuit 100 still further comprises voltage acquisition to the electric vehicle
Line, current foldback circuit and acquisition filter unit.Wherein, voltage acquisition line, current foldback circuit, the quantity for acquiring filter unit
One more than the quantity of single battery, that is, assuming that the quantity of single battery is N number of, then voltage acquisition line, overcurrent protection are electric
Road, the quantity for acquiring filter unit are N+1, wherein N is the integer more than or equal to 2.Connect one on each voltage acquisition line
Current foldback circuit, an equalizing resistance and an equalizer switch unit are being series at a single battery just by voltage acquisition line respectively
Between pole and cathode, and acquire filter unit be connected to each voltage acquisition line and integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1 it
Between.
Preferably, current foldback circuit is fuse or self-recovery fuse (PTC), fuse or self-recovery fuse string
It is coupled on voltage acquisition line, plays overcurrent or short-circuit protection.
Below referring again to shown in Fig. 2, to the one specific real of the passive balanced safety circuit 100 of the utility model electric vehicle
Example is applied to be described.In the present embodiment, tool is expressed as first respectively there are two concatenated single battery for ease of subsequent descriptions
Single battery BT1 and second comonomer battery BT2.Accordingly, also there is the first equalizing resistance R5 and the second equalizing resistance R1, first
Equalizer switch cell S W1 and the second equalizer switch cell S W2, the first balanced drive cell S Q1 and the second balanced drive unit
SQ2, and also there are three fuse F1~F3, three voltage acquisition line B1-, B1+, B2+ and first to third to acquire filtering for tool
Cell S P1~SP3.
As shown in Fig. 2, for second comonomer battery BT2, anode connection voltage acquisition line B2+, the voltage acquisition
Fuse F1 is in series on line B2+, cathode connects voltage acquisition line B1+, fuse is in series on voltage acquisition line B1+
F2；And the second equalizing resistance R1 and the second equalizer switch cell S W2 are in series between voltage acquisition line B2+ and B1+, and second is equal
The control terminal of weighing apparatus switch unit SW2 is connected to one end of balanced drive cell S Q2, and balanced drive cell S Q2 is also respectively connected with
Voltage acquisition line B1+ and integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1；Second acquisition filter unit SP2 is connected to voltage acquisition line
Between B2+ and integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1.
More specifically, the second equalizer switch cell S W2 includes two independent equalizer switch Q1, Q2, two equalizer switch Q1,
Q2 is series between equalizing resistance R1 and voltage acquisition line B1+, and the control terminal of two equalizer switch Q1, Q2 is all connected to balanced drive
Moving cell SQ2 integrates acquisition and Balance route unit M1 by second balanced drive cell S Q2 control equalizer switches Q1, Q2's
Break-make.By the way that two concatenated equalizer switch Q1, Q2 are arranged, the risk of single point failure can be switched to avoid single equilibrium, greatly
Ground avoids battery pack and crosses the risk put.
As shown in Fig. 2, the second balanced drive cell S Q2 includes first resistor R3, second resistance R4 and the first electricity
Hold C2, the both ends of first resistor R3 are connected to the control terminal and the integrated acquisition and Balance route of equalizer switch Q1, Q2
Unit M1, second resistance R4, the first capacitance C2 are parallel between the control terminal of equalizer switch Q1, Q2 and voltage acquisition line B1+.
In the present embodiment, the second acquisition filter unit SP2 includes being parallel to the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1
3rd resistor R2, the second capacitance C1, and the other end of 3rd resistor R2 is connected to the second equalizing resistance R1 and equalizer switch Q1
Between, the other end of the second capacitance C1 is grounded, and 3rd resistor R2, the second capacitance C1 constitute RC low-pass filters, play decoupling filtering
Effect.
Shown in Fig. 2, for first single battery BT1, anode connection voltage acquisition line B1+ is born
Pole connects voltage acquisition line B1-, is in series with fuse F3 on voltage acquisition line B1-, and between voltage acquisition line B1+ and B1-
The control terminal for being in series with the first equalizing resistance R5 and the first equalizer switch cell S W1, the first equalizer switch cell S W1 is connected to
One end of one balanced drive cell S Q1, the first balanced drive cell S Q1 are also respectively connected in voltage acquisition line B1-, integrate and adopt
Collection and Balance route unit M1.One end of first acquisition filter unit SP1 is connected to the first equalizing resistance R5 and the first equilibrium is opened
Between closing cell S W1, the other end of first acquisition filter unit SP1 connects the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1.
Wherein, the first equalizer switch cell S W1 includes two independent equalizer switch Q3, Q4, two equalizer switch Q3, Q4 strings
It is coupled between the first equalizing resistance R5 and voltage acquisition line B1-, and the control terminal of two equalizer switch Q3, Q4 is all connected to first
Weigh driving unit SQ1.First balanced drive cell S Q1 includes first resistor R7, second resistance R8 and the first capacitance C4, the first electricity
Resistance R7 is connected between the control terminal of equalizer switch Q3, Q4 and integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1, second resistance R8, first
Capacitance C4 is parallel between the control terminal of equalizer switch Q3, Q4 and voltage acquisition line B1-.
In addition, the first acquisition filter unit SP1 includes 3rd resistor R6 and the second capacitance C3, and 3rd resistor R6,
Second capacitance C3 is associated with the integrated acquisition and the other end of Balance route unit M1,3rd resistor R6 are connected to the first equilibrium
Between resistance R5 and equalizer switch Q3, the other end of the second capacitance C3 is grounded, and 3rd resistor R6, the second capacitance C3 constitute RC low passes
Filter plays decoupling filter action.
Shown in Fig. 2, the is also associated between voltage acquisition line B1- and integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1
Three acquisition filter unit SP3, third acquisition filter unit SP3 includes being parallel to the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit M1
The 4th resistance R9, third capacitance C5, and the other end of the 4th resistance R9 is connected to voltage acquisition line B1-, third capacitance C5's
The other end is grounded, and the 4th resistance R9, third capacitance C5 also constitute RC low-pass filters, plays decoupling filter action.
Shown in Fig. 2, the operation principle of the passive balanced safety circuit 100 of the utility model electric vehicle is carried out
Description.
When powering on, integrates acquisition and Balance route unit M1 controls the first equalizer switch cell S W1 and the second equalizer switch
Then the equal controlled shutdowns of cell S W2 acquire VC1 respectively by the first acquisition filter unit SP1, the second acquisition filter unit SP2
And the voltage of VC2, and judge whether the sampled value of VC1 or VC2 is less than or equal to preset first threshold (such as 200mV), if VC1
Or the sampled value of VC2 is less than or equal to preset first threshold, then it is balanced to diagnose corresponding first equalizer switch cell S W1 or second
Switch unit SW2 short-circuit failures, and pass through communications to main control unit (not shown) or other monitoring unit (not shown)
To carry out fault cues and alarm；Otherwise it is normal to be diagnosed as balanced circuit.By the setting of power-up diagnostics function, can have in time
Effect detects whether balanced circuit fails, and then effectively improves the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile.
When lower electricity, opened there are two equilibrium because the first equalizer switch cell S W1, the second equalizer switch cell S W2 connect
It closes, therefore there is no the risks of single point failure, largely avoid the risk of balanced partial failure electric leakage, to avoid that electricity occurs
Pond group crosses the risk put, and improves the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile.
To sum up, since passively balanced safety circuit 100, each equalizer switch unit are equal for the electric vehicle of the utility model
Including at least two equalizer switches, the control terminal of at least two equalizer switches is all connected to the integrated acquisition and Balance route list
First M1, thus, there is no the risks of single point failure, it is possible to prevente effectively from passive equalizing circuit failure causes monomer electric after lower electricity
The risk that pond is vented improves the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile；In addition, it is not necessary that according to different battery cores
The parameter of divider resistance is adjusted, versatility is more preferable.Further, it is set by voltage acquisition line and acquisition filter unit
It sets, the state of equalizer switch unit can be diagnosed when powering on, with the equalizer switch unit and alarm to short-circuit failure, into one
Step improves the reliability and safety of cell management system of electric automobile.
It above disclosure is merely preferred embodiments of the utility model, certainly cannot be new to limit this practicality with this
The interest field of type, therefore equivalent variations made according to the patent scope of the utility model still belong to the utility model and are covered
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle, it is characterised in that：Including an integrated acquisition and Balance route unit, extremely
Few two single batteries, equalizing resistance corresponding with the quantity of the single battery and equalizer switch unit, at least two institutes
It states single battery to be sequentially connected in series, an equalizing resistance and an equalizer switch unit are being series at a single battery just
Between pole and cathode；Wherein, each equalizer switch unit includes at least two equalizer switches, at least two equilibriums
The control terminal of switch is all connected to the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit.
2. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：At least two equilibriums are opened
It closes independently of one another and is sequentially connected in series between the equalizing resistance and the cathode of the single battery.
3. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The equalizer switch is MOS
Pipe.
4. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The equalizer switch unit is
One is integrated with the IC devices of at least two equalizer switches.
5. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include and monomer electricity
The corresponding balanced drive unit of quantity in pond, each balanced drive unit are connected to an equalizer switch unit and institute
It states between integrated acquisition and Balance route unit.
6. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Each balanced drive list
Member includes first resistor, second resistance and the first capacitance, and the first resistor is connected to the described of the equalizer switch unit
Between the control terminal of equalizer switch and the integrated acquisition and Balance route unit, the second resistance, first capacitance are simultaneously
It is coupled between the control terminal and the cathode of the single battery of the equalizer switch of the equalizer switch unit.
7. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include multiple acquisition filtering
Unit, anode, the cathode of each single battery are connected to the integrated acquisition by an acquisition filter unit respectively
And Balance route unit.
8. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The acquisition filter unit packet
Concatenated 3rd resistor and the second capacitance are included, and the tie point of the 3rd resistor, second capacitance is also attached to the collection
At acquisition and Balance route unit, the 3rd resistor other end is connected to the positive or negative pole of a single battery, described
The other end of second capacitance is grounded.
9. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It further include overcurrent protection electricity
Road, the current foldback circuit are series at the positive between the equalizing resistance of the single battery.
10. the passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The current foldback circuit
Including fuse or self-recovery fuse, the fuse or the self-recovery fuse are series at the anode of the single battery
Between the equalizing resistance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721803304.7U CN207677471U (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | The passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721803304.7U CN207677471U (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | The passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207677471U true CN207677471U (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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ID=62969752
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721803304.7U Expired - Fee Related CN207677471U (en) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | The passive balanced safety circuit of electric vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207677471U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111106641A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-05-05 | 黄晶晶 | Battery monomer resistance energy consumption type equalizing circuit |
-
2017
- 2017-12-19 CN CN201721803304.7U patent/CN207677471U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111106641A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2020-05-05 | 黄晶晶 | Battery monomer resistance energy consumption type equalizing circuit |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180731 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |