CN207663076U - A kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver - Google Patents
A kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN207663076U CN207663076U CN201721588984.5U CN201721588984U CN207663076U CN 207663076 U CN207663076 U CN 207663076U CN 201721588984 U CN201721588984 U CN 201721588984U CN 207663076 U CN207663076 U CN 207663076U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver, including variable gain pre-amplification circuit and governor circuit.Variable gain pre-amplification circuit is made of three-level amplifier, and the first order uses instrument amplifier, is arranged to fixed gain multiple, and the second level uses voltage-controlled amplification, is arranged to adjustable gain, the third level is set as single-ended transfer difference amplifier;The input terminal of the voltage-controlled amplification of the output connection second level of the instrument amplifier of the first order, the input terminal of the output end connection third level single-ended transfer difference amplifier of the voltage-controlled amplification of the second level;The core of governor circuit is made of FPGA and ARM, further includes GPS module, DS3231 clock modules, WiFi module, USB interface and touch screen.Receiving coil receives input of the signal as variable gain pre-amplification circuit, and the output of variable gain pre-amplification circuit is connected to governor circuit.Exploration precision that the utility model can solve current electromagnetic survey instrument is high, the lower technological deficiency of signal-to-noise ratio, can be widely applied in electrical prospecting field.
Description
Technical field
In terms of the utility model is related to electrical prospecting field more particularly to transient electromagnetic method, more specifically to one kind
Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver.
Background technology
Electrical prospecting is electromagnetic property (such as electric conductivity, magnetic conductivity, the dielectric according to each rocks in the earth's crust or ore body
Property) and electrochemical properties difference, by space distribution rule to artificial or natural electric field, electromagnetic field or electrochemical field and when
Between characteristic observation and research, find the useful mineral deposit of different type and find out geological structure and solve the geophysics of geological problem
Exploitation method.Because the earth's crust is made of different rocks, ore body and various geological structures, they have different conductions
Property, magnetic conductivity, dielectricity and electrochemical properties.So according to these properties and its space distribution rule and time response, people
It may infer that ore body or architectonic occurrence status (shape, size, position, occurrence and buried depth) and physical parameter etc.,
To achieve the purpose that exploration.
Transient electromagnetic method is to send primary field to underground using earth-free or ground connection line source, and the effect of primary field is to make underground
Substance generates polarity effect, and by the subsurface material excited, spontaneous one secondary field of generation of meeting, secondary field signal is propagated to ground
During, this signal is received and acquires by receiving wire frame, according to the attenuation curve feature of secondary field signal, so that it may to sentence
Electrical property feature and scale of disconnected underground different depth geologic body etc..
In early signal, secondary field influenced by primary field it is big, lot of domestic and international instrument have delay time (shutdown
Time) this parameter, it is therefore an objective to the data in the period are abandoned, this leads to detection, and there are certain an ultra shallow layer blind area, blind areas
To 0~50 meter of underground since earth's surface, the data invalid that (0~10us) is acquired in this period.Secondary field in turn-off time
Persistently influenced, be inevitable by primary field, the turn-off time be influence investigation depth and resolution ratio key factor, one
Aspect needs the performance for improving hardware device, fine consideration is done to electronic component, also can by the method to data processing
Reducing as far as possible caused by the turn-off time influences.The quality of sensor can also influence, and receiving coil sensor is based on electromagnetism sense
The magnetic field signal of principle receiver surrounding space is answered, and is converted into induced electromotive force signal.
One side in the utility model, due to the resistance of receiving coil itself, parasitic capacitance and inductance, and there are coils
The resonant frequency of itself, coil output signal are distorted when closing on resonant frequency, and build-out resistor in parallel can be with suppression coil
Resonant frequency extends coil frequency linear response range.The existing superficial part blind area of transient electromagnetic exploration has been primarily due to this
Transient process, common practice do not consider this difference, directly carry out inverting to actually measured data, just cause in this way
The decline of exploration precision.On the other hand, since transient electromagnetic believes that the investigation depth of method mainly enters noise range by signal decaying
Time determine that the noise of sensor is lower, enter more late at the time of noise range after transient electromagnetic signal, it is deep more to increase detection
Degree, the in-phase input end and reverse input end of instrument amplifier are respectively connected to the input terminal of two internal amplifiers, then through the third level
It is exported after amplifier, this structure uses classical difference channel, and signal-to-noise ratio is high.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to, for above-mentioned current electromagnetic survey instrument exploration precision not
High, the lower technological deficiency of signal-to-noise ratio provides a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver to solve drawbacks described above.
Wherein one side according to the present utility model, the utility model are to solve its technical problem, provide a kind of transition
Electromagnetic instrument receiver, which is characterized in that include that secondary field signal for receiving receiving coil is amplified, and is isolated
The variable gain pre-amplification circuit and governor circuit of useful signal in noise:
Variable gain pre-amplification circuit is made of three-level amplifier, and the first order uses instrument amplifier AD8421, is set
For fixed gain multiple, the second level uses voltage-controlled amplification VCA810, is arranged to adjustable gain, the third level is set as single-ended slip
Divide amplifier.
It is realized by negative charge pump conversion chip LM2662 to the negative supply of three-level amplifier power supply, voltage-controlled amplification VCA810
Corresponding adjustable end is realized by digital analog converter DAC8043, is combined with common potentiometer using digital regulation resistance AD8400
Mode carries out zeroing processing to DC bias, to offset the direct current offset of signal after entire three-level amplifier is handled, the adjustable end
Refer to being connected to circuit between the noninverting input and output end of voltage-controlled amplification VCA810.
The connection relation of the three-level amplifier is:The differential signal source of input is connected to first order instrument amplifier AD8421
Differential Input pin 1 and 4, it is voltage-controlled that No. 7 output pins of first order amplifier by a low-pass filter are connected to the second level
Amplify No. 1 input pin of VCA810, No. 5 output pins of the voltage-controlled amplification VCA810 in the second level are connected to the single-ended slip of the third level
No. 4 input pins of amplifier ADA4895, No. 1 output pin of third level single-ended transfer difference amplifier ADA4895 are divided to pass through one
A low-pass filter is connected to No. 8 input pins of a single-ended transfer difference amplifier ADA4922, the last single-ended transfer difference
4, No. 5 output pins of amplifier pass through a low-pass filter output signal.
The governor circuit includes for by the variable gain pre-amplification circuit, treated that signal is adopted
Collection, and pass through synchronous acquisition, the signal-to-noise ratio FPGA and ARM of superposition noise cancellation technology raising signal.
Further, further include the GPS module in geographical location for measuring current measured zone, be connected to the master control
Circuit.
Further, further include DS3231 clock modules for recording current time, be connected to the governor circuit.
Further, further include being connected to the governor circuit for the WiFi module with transmitter communications.
Further, further include for connecting external storage equipment to carry out the USB interface of data storage, being connected to described
Governor circuit.
Further, further include touch screen for human-computer interaction, be connected to the governor circuit to carry out AD7760's
Sample rate, the setting in sampling time, stacking fold, preposition amplification factor.
Further, ARM is used for through WiFi module transmission data described in usart function controls, and the WiFi module can
With the WiFi module transmission data on transmitter, the data transmission of transmitter and receiver is realized;Also pass through usart functions and institute
State touch panel communication, finishing man-machine interaction function;ARM is additionally operable to control writing for the data for the storage device for being connected to USB interface
Enter, collected data are stored to storage device.
Further, the governor circuit also has an AD acquisition modules, the number that FPGA is used to acquire AD acquisition modules
According to being temporarily stored in the internal RAM of FPGA, after entire gatherer process, then by the data transmission to ARM, USB is controlled by ARM
Interface writes the data into the storage device for being connected to USB interface.
The utility model provides a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver, including variable gain pre-amplification circuit and master control electricity
Road.Variable gain pre-amplification circuit is made of three-level amplifier, and the first order uses instrument amplifier, is arranged to fixed gain times
Number, the second level use voltage-controlled amplification, are arranged to adjustable gain, the third level is set as single-ended transfer difference amplifier;The first order
The input terminal of the voltage-controlled amplification of the output connection second level of instrument amplifier, the output end of the voltage-controlled amplification of the second level connect third
The input terminal of grade single-ended transfer difference amplifier;The core of governor circuit is made of FPGA and ARM, further includes GPS module, DS3231
Clock module, WiFi module, USB interface and touch screen.Receiving coil receives signal as variable gain pre-amplification circuit
Input, the output of variable gain pre-amplification circuit are connected to governor circuit.The utility model can solve current electromagnetism and survey
Visit instrument exploration precision is high, the lower technological deficiency of signal-to-noise ratio, can be widely applied in electrical prospecting field.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments, the utility model is described in further detail, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver structure figure of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the preposition amplification integrated circuit figure of the variable gain of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the preposition amplification three-level operational amplifier circuit figure of the variable gain of the utility model;
Fig. 4 is the Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus work connection diagram of the utility model.
Specific implementation mode
For a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and effects of the utility model, now control attached drawing is detailed
Illustrate specific embodiment of the present utility model.
A kind of composed structure of Transient Electromagnetic Receiver of the utility model is as shown in Figure 1, the Transient Electromagnetic Receiver is adopted
It is powered with extraneous power supply, external power supply voltage swing is 8.4V, the signal that receiving coil receiver/transmitter is sent, the signal
As the input of variable gain pre-amplification circuit, the output end of variable gain pre-amplification circuit is connected to the defeated of governor circuit
Enter end, Transient Electromagnetic Receiver further includes the GPS module in the geographical location for measuring current measured zone, for recording currently
The DS3231 clock modules of time, for the WiFi module of transmitter communications, for connecting external storage equipment with into line number
USB interface according to storage and the touch screen for human-computer interaction, they connect with governor circuit respectively.
Referring also to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, variable gain pre-amplification circuit are made of three-level amplifier, and the first order is put using instrument
Big device AD8421, can be arranged fixed gain multiple, and the second level uses voltage-controlled amplification VCA810, adjustable gain ± 40dB, the third level
Use single-ended transfer difference amplifier;Differential signal is switched to single-ended signal by the first order, and fixed 1 times or 10 times of amplification, the second level is put
- 100 times greatly are arrived 100 times of real-time, tunables of ﹢, and the third level fixes reversed 10 times of amplification, it is defeated that single-ended signal is finally switched to differential signal
Go out.Each amplifier use ± 5V power supply power supplies in three-level amplifier, negative supply are realized by negative charge pump conversion chip LM2662, are pressed
The adjustable end of control amplifier is realized by digital analog converter DAC8043, in order to offset the direct current offset that entire amplifier is brought as far as possible, is adopted
Zeroing processing is carried out to DC bias with digital regulation resistance AD8400 with the mode that common potentiometer is combined.
The connection relation of above-mentioned three-level amplifier is:The signal source of input is connected to the Differential Input of first order amplifier AD8421
Pin 1 and 4, No. 7 output pins of first order amplifier are connected to No. 1 of second level amplifier VCA810 by a low-pass filter
No. 5 output pins of input pin, second level amplifier are connected to No. 4 input pins of third level amplifier ADA4895, third level fortune
No. 8 inputs that No. 1 output pin put is connected to a single-ended transfer difference amplifier ADA4922 by a low-pass filter are drawn
4, No. 5 output pins of foot, the last single-ended transfer difference amplifier pass through a low-pass filter output signal.
It is inputted for signal at 1, is first order instrument amplifier AD8421 at 1, the differential signal of input is amplified and switchs to list
End signal.Amplification factor can be changed by changing R2, general hanging expression in practice is not amplified, and is connect 1.1K resistance, is indicated to put
It is 10 times big.Signal is exported by No. 7 pins;
Signal is filtered by single order RC low-pass filters at 2, filters out the signal of 30Khz or more;
At 3 be voltage-controlled amplifier, its amplification factor can by control No. 3 pins voltage (0~-2V correspond to -40~
+ 40dB) it adjusts, it has additional zeroing end (No. 8 pins);
It is sign-changing amplifier at 4, continues reversely to amplify signal into 10 times;
Signal is filtered by single order RC low-pass filters at 5, filters out the signal of 30Khz or more;
It is single-ended transfer difference signal at 6, signal is switched into differential signal by single-ended signal;
It is first-order difference low pass signal filter at 7, filters out the signal of 30Khz or more;
It is row's seat of 14 pins at 8, variable gain pre-amplification circuit module has been concentrated to need and external connection
Input and output pin;
The zero migration of amplifier at 3 is controlled at 9, the zeroing end of its output termination voltage-controlled amplifier.It has digital current potential
After device AD8400 and hand adjustment potentiometer are connected in parallel, then by voltage order one follower signal is exported, hand adjustment potentiometer is logical
It crosses and manually adjusts potentiometer knob realization zeroing, digital regulation resistance is to realize program-controlled zeroing by the control of FPGA;
Amplification factor at 10 at control 3, it is made of level-one digital analog converter DAC8043 and level-one amplifier, DAC8043
It is controlled by FPGA, according to different control instructions, the voltage of 0~-2V of output controls No. 3 pins at 3 at 10, to change
Become the amplification factor of amplifier at 3;
It is the cathode power supply of entire preamplification board at 11;
At 12 indicate be the module simulation with connection pin digitally, simulation earth signal line pass through this point and number
Word it is connected, to reduce interference of the digital circuit to analog circuit as far as possible;
At 13 reference voltage source is provided to the analog-digital converter at 10;
It is given at 14 and power supply is provided at 9, ensure stable offset;
It is the negative level power supply of entire preamplification board at 15.
In governor circuit, the core of FPGA and ARM composition logic controls, external touch presses touch screen by user
On specified button, realize the function of human-computer interaction.WiFi module realizes that the communication with receiver, receiver are sent out to transmitter
It send after starting acquisition, transmitter is by this order of wireless receiving, while receiver is waited for, and waits for transmitter
The synchronous response signal sent out, once receiver receives synchronous response signal, then receiver starts acquisition.The main function of FPGA
It is to generate 6 road pwm signals, the switch that 6 MOS of circuit occur for driving pulse completes pulse current emission function.Governor circuit
Upper there are one current sensors, it is used for acquiring the waveform of emission current, and current sensor converts current signal to voltage
Signal controls acquisition of the ADS805 analog-digital converters realization to this voltage signal by FPGA, is just equivalent to and has collected electricity
Signal is flowed, and can be by the drawing function of touch screen, on the screen by current waveform display.
The model of ARM is STM32, and by usart functions, control serial ports turns WiFi module HLK-RM04 and receiver for it
Wireless data communication is carried out with money WiFi, with serial ports touch panel communication, carries out human-computer interaction.It is main to complete following functions:
1. the number of current impulse is sent to transmitter by receiver, after transmitter receives the data, it is issued by specified number
The bi-directional pulse current of amount is superimposed de-noising in order to multi collect.In the moment that each electric current is closed, the reception of receiver
It will sense that secondary field signal, transmitter send out synchronizing signal by FPGA on coil, receiver is arrived in each synchronizing signal
Moment is acquired secondary field signal, it is possible to different bi-directional pulse current numbers be arranged, carry out multi collect;
2. the current waveform data that current sensor is acquired just is sent to by transmitter after completing pulse current transmitting
Receiver, receiver store the data to storage device, and transmitter does not have data storage function.
3. serial ports touch screen is also to realize that human-computer interaction, STM32 send different fingers to touch screen by usart functions
Enable, just have corresponding corresponding, such as display number, Chinese character, curve etc. on touch screen, current sensor collected pulse
Current waveform is then displayed on the screen, and the information such as current pulse current waveform duty ratio, frequency are also shown on the screen.Whenever
Touch key-press is pressed, STM32 just will receive different instructions, and STM32 will make different phases according to these different instructions
It answers, for example duty ratio, frequency etc. is configured by touch key-press, curve is zoomed in and out.
The model of FPGA is EP3C16E144C8, it controls ADS805 and is acquired to current waveform, the data acquired
It is temporarily stored in the RAM inside FPGA, after waiting for entire gatherer process, which is sent to STM32, STM32 by FPGA
WiFi module is sent to by usart again, then receiver just will receive the data.
The generation of pulse current is generated (see 2_ pulse generating circuits by controlling the switch of 6 metal-oxide-semiconductors (Q1-Q6)
Schematic diagram), the obstructed PWM wave in 6 tunnels is generated by FPGA to control, the frequency of PWM wave, duty ratio are then by STM32 according to man-machine
The operational order at interface is arranged.
As shown in figure 4, when instrument works in the wild, transmitting wire frame is connect with transmitter, receives wire frame and connect with receiver
It connects.Transmitter and receiver is carried out wireless communication by WiFi module, is started by synchronizing cable and is acquired.Transmitter and receiver
Data communication be by WiFi signal, but it is that in addition individually single line is known as synchronizing cable to start acquisition.In pulse current
The moment of shutdown, quickly, less than 1 millisecond, it just decays enough the amplitude fading of the secondary field signal sensed on receiving coil
Small, in order to which precise acquisition is to this signal, then in the moment of pulse current shutdown, transmitter also must export one to receiver
A acquisition commencing signal is referred to as synchronizing signal, this signal is synchronous at the time of must being turned off with pulse current.Use WiFi institutes
Sufficiently large (at least tens milli of delay caused by the transmission of WiFi and the processing of dependent instruction of the delay of generation
Second), even if sending out acquisition commencing signal using WiFi, receivers is waited to receive this signal, secondary field signal disappears already.
Before starting acquisition, generally require by following operation:
1. by the touch screen of transmitter, square wave type (regular block, pseudorandom square wave) is selected, square wave frequency is set,
Duty cycle square wave is set.
2. by the current adjusting knob of transmitter, emission current size is adjusted.It clicks " real-time current ", can check current
Emission current is rotated further knob if not up to requiring electric current, until electric current reaches requirement.Electric current generally has overshoot and shakes
It swings, by adjusting " build-out resistor " knob, until without overshoot oscillation on current waveform.
3. receiver configures the relevant parameter in three channels, is indicated according to the respective keys on screen, sample rate can be set
(2.5MHz, 1.25MHz, 625KHz, 312.5KHz, 156.25KHz), setting stacking fold (1-1024 times) are put before selecting
Big multiple (1~1000 times), selects the sampling time (200us~10ms).
4. clicking " startup ", then receiver starts to be acquired secondary field signal according to the parameter set.User into
Enter the stand-by period, waiting time is determined by stacking fold.
5. etc. it is to be collected finish after, user clicks " data query ", checks current secondary field wave shape, and user clicks " number
According to storage ", receiver stores data to storage device.
The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the utility model is not limited to
The specific implementation mode stated, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restrictive, this field it is common
Technical staff is not departing from the utility model aims and scope of the claimed protection situation under the enlightenment of the utility model
Under, many forms can be also made, these are belonged within the protection of the utility model.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver, which is characterized in that include secondary field signal for receiving receiving coil into
Row amplification, and isolate the variable gain pre-amplification circuit and governor circuit of the useful signal in noise:
Variable gain pre-amplification circuit is made of three-level amplifier, and the first order uses instrument amplifier AD8421, is arranged to solid
Determine gain factor, the second level uses voltage-controlled amplification VCA810, is arranged to adjustable gain, the third level is set as single-ended transfer difference and puts
Big device;
Realize that voltage-controlled amplification VCA810 is corresponded to by negative charge pump conversion chip LM2662 to the negative supply of three-level amplifier power supply
Adjustable end realized by digital analog converter DAC8043, using digital regulation resistance AD8400 in such a way that common potentiometer is combined
Zeroing processing is carried out to DC bias, to offset the direct current offset of signal after entire three-level amplifier is handled, the adjustable end refers to
Be connected to it is voltage-controlled amplification VCA810 noninverting input and output end between circuit;
The connection relation of the three-level amplifier is:The differential signal source of input is connected to the difference of first order instrument amplifier AD8421
Input pin 1 and 4, No. 7 output pins of first order amplifier is divided to be connected to the voltage-controlled amplification in the second level by a low-pass filter
No. 1 input pin of VCA810, No. 5 output pins of the voltage-controlled amplification VCA810 in the second level are connected to third level single-ended transfer difference and put
No. 4 input pins of big device ADA4895, No. 1 output pin of third level single-ended transfer difference amplifier ADA4895 are low by one
Bandpass filter is connected to No. 8 input pins of a single-ended transfer difference amplifier ADA4922, the last single-ended transfer difference amplification
4, No. 5 output pins of device pass through a low-pass filter output signal;
The governor circuit include for by the variable gain pre-amplification circuit, treated that signal is acquired, and
The signal-to-noise ratio FPGA and ARM of signal are improved by synchronous acquisition, superposition noise cancellation technology.
2. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include for measuring current measurement zone
The GPS module in the geographical location in domain is connected to the governor circuit.
3. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include for recording current time
DS3231 clock modules are connected to the governor circuit.
4. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include for transmitter communications
WiFi module is connected to the governor circuit.
5. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include being set for connecting external storage
For to carry out the USB interface of data storage, it is connected to the governor circuit.
6. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the touch for human-computer interaction
Screen is connected to the governor circuit to carry out the sample rate of AD7760, sampling time, stacking fold, preposition amplification factor are set
It sets.
7. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include for transmitter communications
WiFi module is connected to the governor circuit, and ARM is used for through WiFi module transmission data described in usart function controls, described
WiFi module can realize the data transmission of transmitter and receiver with the WiFi module transmission data on transmitter;Also pass through
Usart functions and the touch panel communication, finishing man-machine interaction function;ARM is additionally operable to control and is connected to the storage of USB interface to set
The write-in of standby data stores collected data to storage device.
8. Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the governor circuit also there is an AD to adopt
Collect module, the data that AD acquisition modules acquire for being temporarily stored in the internal RAM of FPGA by FPGA, when entire gatherer process terminates
Afterwards, then by the data transmission to ARM, the storage device for being connected to USB interface is write the data by ARM control USB interfaces.
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CN201721588984.5U CN207663076U (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2017-11-22 | A kind of Transient Electromagnetic Apparatus receiver |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107797150A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-13 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of transient electromagnetic instrument receiver |
CN113765492A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Full-gain amplification circuit of aviation high-precision analog quantity acquisition system |
-
2017
- 2017-11-22 CN CN201721588984.5U patent/CN207663076U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107797150A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-13 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of transient electromagnetic instrument receiver |
CN107797150B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2023-09-15 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Transient electromagnetic instrument receiver |
CN113765492A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-07 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Full-gain amplification circuit of aviation high-precision analog quantity acquisition system |
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