CN207074235U - A kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system - Google Patents
A kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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- CN207074235U CN207074235U CN201720598419.0U CN201720598419U CN207074235U CN 207074235 U CN207074235 U CN 207074235U CN 201720598419 U CN201720598419 U CN 201720598419U CN 207074235 U CN207074235 U CN 207074235U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system, unpolarizable electrode sensor, is inputted ground electricity differential signal by shielded cable；Impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference circuit, receive the signal of the unpolarizable electrode sensor input, and differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit, ground electricity differential signal is converted into single-ended signal；Butterworth low pass wave circuit, single-ended signal is subjected to low-pass filtering treatment；2.5V reference voltage sources, pseudo-differential is formed to signal with single-ended signal；A/D drive circuits, receive pseudo-differential and binary digital signal is converted into signal and output to A/D change-over circuits；Binary digital signal is converted to tape symbol floating point number signal and exported by serial communication isolation circuit to host computer by microcontroller.The utility model is solved due under different geological conditions, Acquisition Circuit it is different with unpolarizable electrode reference voltage and caused by seismic electrical signal drift the problem of causing acquisition channel saturation.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to a kind of seismic electrical signal acquisition system, and in particular to a kind of long period seismic electrical signal collection system
System.
Background technology
With the progress of China deep survey plan, while in order to understand lithospheric structure and tectonics situation, collection
Long period seismic electrical signal has great importance to further improving mt structural theory.Needed to complete this intermediate item
Into the device that can gather long period signal acquisition, reliable harvester can just collect believable experimental data.Long period
Seismic electrical signal collection feature is that acquisition time length, field construction environment is complicated, and electromagnetic interference is serious, and noise spectrum enriches, therefore
Need long period seismic electrical signal harvester low noise, low drifting, low-power consumption, strong antijamming capability.Therefore, the present invention is for length
The characteristics of cycle seismic electrical signal and construction characteristic devise a kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system and measuring method.
China, bend master thesis of the hitching post in The Chinese Geology Univ. (Beijing)《Seismic electrical signal collection ultra-long period electricity
The design and realization on road》In propose 24 A/D and with digital filtering function long period seismic electrical signal Acquisition Circuit, realize
The data for the 0.1-10Hz that artificial and natural cause is had a great influence individually are gathered, raising signal to noise ratio and the quality of data.
But do not accounted in Acquisition Circuit under different geological conditions, due to Acquisition Circuit and unpolarizable electrode reference voltage it is different and
Caused by seismic electrical signal drift the problem of causing acquisition channel saturation.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is unstable in order to solve current long period seismic electrical signal harvester, to environmental disturbances
Sensitivity, the problems such as circuit design specific aim is not strong, acquisition channel easy saturation, and a kind of long period seismic electrical signal collection system provided
System.
Concrete technical scheme of the present utility model is as follows：
A kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system, including：
Unpolarizable electrode sensor, ground electricity differential signal is inputted by shielded cable；
Impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference circuit, receive the signal of the unpolarizable electrode sensor input, reduce due to
The longer Radio frequency interference error brought of signal transmission line；
Differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit, will be poor by the impedance matching and the ground electricity of anti-Radio frequency interference processing of circuit
Sub-signal is converted into single-ended signal；
Butterworth low pass wave circuit, the single-ended signal is subjected to low-pass filtering treatment；
2.5V reference voltage circuits, output 2.5V reference voltages are formed with the single-ended signal by low-pass filtering treatment
Pseudo-differential is to signal；
A/D drive circuits, receive pseudo-differential and binary digital signal is converted into signal and output to A/D change-over circuits；
Microcontroller, binary digital signal is converted into tape symbol floating point number signal and isolated by serial communication
Circuit output；
Host computer, the output signal of microcontroller is received, current data is shown in the host computer runs software LabVIEW
Acquisition state.
Further, geodetic datum, differential signal turn single-ended where the 2.5V reference voltage circuits are unified for device
Signal circuit, Butterworth low pass wave circuit, A/D drive circuits and A/D change-over circuits provide 2.5V reference voltages.
Further, impedance matching and the difference bandwidth and common mode bandwidth of anti-Radio frequency interference circuit, anti-Radio frequency interference are set
Shown in -3dB difference Bandwidth Calculation Formula such as the formula (1) of filtering, shown in common mode Bandwidth Calculation Formula such as formula (2)：
Wherein, BWDIFF：Difference bandwidth；BWCM：Common mode bandwidth R：Resistance R1 and resistance R2 sums, R1=R2；C1：Determine altogether
The wide electric capacity of modular belt；C2：Determine the electric capacity of differential mode bandwidth.
Further, input differential signal turns ground electricity differential signal respectively after impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference circuit
The in-phase input end V of single-ended signal circuitINPWith inverting input VINN, single-ended signal circuit input resistance is turned according to differential signal
R3With feedback resistance R4Difference mode gain is set as 4, and difference seismic electrical signal is converted into single-ended signal, reference edge VrefConnect 2.5V bases
Quasi- potential circuit.
Further, Butterworth LPF is two quadravalence Butterworth low pass being made up of operational amplifier
Ripple device, the in-phase end datum of operational amplifier connect 2.5V reference voltages.
Further, single-ended seismic electrical signal enters A/D drive circuits, including an electricity through Butterworth LPF output
Hinder R7With an electric capacity C6, resistance R is selected according to rear end A/D change-over circuits7With electric capacity C6, electric capacity C6One end and resistance R7After connection,
Another termination 2.5V reference voltage circuits.
Further, single-ended seismic electrical signal accesses A/D change-over circuit pseudo-differential in-phase ends, artifact after A/D drive circuits
Divide anti-phase termination 2.5V reference voltage circuits.
Further, the A/D change-over circuits are multichannel, per road A/D change-over circuits in A/D synchronizations end be respectively connected to two or
Gate logic device OR1 and two OR gate logical device OR2 inputs, the OR gate logical device OR3 inputs of output end two, when A/D turns
When changing data and being ready for ready, two OR gate logical device OR3 output ends export trailing edge to microcontroller.
Further, 2.5V reference voltage circuits access 2.5V output isolation circuit input K1 ends, 2.5V output isolation
Circuit output end and build-out resistor R8Connection, K2 terminates iron staff just after the noise filter NFE61PT472C1H9L of capacitor type
The earth where nearly insertion apparatus, 2.5V Voltage References and ground voltage biasing are provided for East and West direction or north-south unpolarizable electrode.
The utility model has two kinds of cloth pole metering systems：
Mode one, centered on the system, spacing be 50 meters, respectively to ground magnetic south, magnetic north, earth magnetism east, earth magnetism west
To arrangement unpolarizable electrode, totally four unpolarizable electrodes form two electric differential signals over the ground, spacing between each pair unpolarizable electrode
For 100 meters.Bias voltage iron staff inserts the earth nearby.
Mode two, centered on the system, and arrange four unpolarizable electrodes nearby in system position, then using spacing as
50 meters, respectively to ground magnetic south, magnetic north, earth magnetism east, earth magnetism west to unpolarizable electrode is arranged, totally eight unpolarizable electrodes are formed
Four electric differential signals over the ground, spacing is 50 meters between each pair unpolarizable electrode.Bias voltage iron staff inserts the earth nearby.
Circuit theory of the present utility model is that each pair unpolarizable electrode is inputed to ground electricity differential signal by shielded cable
The system, turn single-ended signal circuit to differential signal through impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference circuit output, differential signal turns single-ended
Differential signal is converted to single-ended signal by signal circuit, the single-ended signal after Butterworth low pass wave circuit with 2.5 bases
Quasi- voltage forms pseudo-differential to being input to A/D change-over circuits through A/D drive circuits, and A/D change-over circuits use outside 2.5V benchmark
Potential circuit, A/D change-over circuits convert analog signals into binary digital signal, through SPI communication circuit and A/D synchronous circuits
Microcontroller is output to, binary digital signal is converted to tape symbol floating point number signal and led to by serial ports by microcontroller
Letter isolation circuit is output to PC, and upper computer software LabVIEW shows Current data acquisition state.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that circuit structure is simple, and collection system is designed for long period seismic electrical signal feature
System.2.5V reference voltage circuit output circuits are unified for instrument place geodetic datum voltage, differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit,
Butterworth low pass wave circuit, A/D drive circuits and A/D change-over circuits provide 2.5V reference voltages, and with being put by instrument
Single-ended seismic electrical signal after big device forms pseudo-differential pair.Seismic electrical signal is from collection head end to end all using 2.5V reference voltages as base
Standard, differential pair signal caused by the outer unpolarizable electrode of the present apparatus is set to produce the ground electricity of corresponding amplitude on the basis of 2.5V reference voltages
Signal, anti-interference degree of this harvester to environment is improved, avoided due under different geological conditions, Acquisition Circuit and not
Polarizing electrode reference voltage it is different and caused by seismic electrical signal drift the problem of causing acquisition channel saturation.Meanwhile when due to length
When time measurement causes seismic electrical signal and the change of 2.5V reference voltages, and A/D change-over circuits gather single-ended seismic electrical signal and 2.5V
The artifact sub-signal that reference voltage is formed, so as to improve the time stability of harvester.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of system described in the utility model；
Fig. 2 is analog signal conditioner and A/D change-over circuit schematic diagrames in system described in the utility model；
Fig. 3 is system middle impedance described in the utility model matching and anti-Radio frequency interference filter circuit schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit diagram in system described in the utility model；
Fig. 5 is quadravalence Butterworth low pass circuit schematic diagram in system described in the utility model；
Fig. 6 is A/D drive circuit schematic diagrams in system described in the utility model；
Fig. 7 is A/D synchronous circuit schematic diagrames in system described in the utility model；
Fig. 8 is 2.5V output isolation circuit schematic diagrames in system described in the utility model.
1st, unpolarizable electrode sensor；2nd, analog power power pack；3rd, digital power power pack；4th, analog signal is adjusted
Manage circuit；5th, A/D change-over circuits；6th, 2.5V a reference sources offset portion；7th, data signal modulate circuit；8th, microcontroller；9th, go here and there
Port communications isolation circuit；10th, host computer；11st, A/D synchronous circuits；12nd ,+5V external power sources 13, voltage conversion and isolation circuit；
14th, 2.5V a reference sources output isolation circuit；15th, impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference filter circuit；16th, differential signal turns single-ended letter
Number circuit；17th, Butterworth low pass wave circuit；18th, A/D drive circuits；19th, 2.5V reference voltage circuits；20th, 2.5V is exported
Isolation circuit；21st, K1 ends；22nd, K2 ends；23rd, power circuit part；24th, iron staff.
Embodiment
The utility model patent is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system, as shown in Figure 1 with Figure 2, by unpolarizable electrode sensor 1, lead to
Cross shielded cable to input ground electricity differential signal, by analog power power pack 2 and digital power power pack 3 and power circuit
Three parts 23 form.Analog power power pack 2 includes analog voltage in analog signal conditioner circuit 4 and A/D change-over circuits 5
Part, digital power power pack 3 include digital voltage part in data signal modulate circuit 7 and A/D change-over circuits 5.Collection
System realizes that digital-to-analogue is isolated in A/D change-over circuits 5.Analog signal conditioner circuit 4 includes impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference electricity
Road 15 turns single-ended signal circuit 16 with differential signal and is connected, and differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit 16 and Butterworth low pass ripple
Circuit 17 is connected, and Butterworth low pass wave circuit 17 is connected with A/D drive circuits 18, A/D drive circuits 18 and A/D conversion electricity
Road 5 is connected, and A/D change-over circuits 5 are connected through SPI communication and A/D synchronous circuits 11 with microcontroller 8, and microcontroller 8 leads to through serial ports
Letter isolation circuit 9 is connected with host computer 10, and 2.5V reference voltage circuits 19 are connected with 2.5V output isolation circuits 14,2.5V outputs
The output of isolation circuit 14 is connected with iron staff 24 and accesses the earth, and 2.5V a reference sources offset portion 6 is 2.5V reference voltage circuits 19
The earth, differential signal turn single-ended signal circuit, Butterworth low pass wave circuit, A/D drive circuits, A/ where being unified for system
D change-over circuits provide benchmark and bias voltage.A whole set of acquisition system is powered by+5V external power sources 12, voltage conversion and isolation electricity
Road 13 produces the system voltage isolated with+5V voltages external power source 12, and required electric energy is provided for acquisition system.Specifically：
Unpolarizable electrode sensor 1 is inputted ground electricity differential signal by shielded cable；
Impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference circuit 15, receive the signal of unpolarizable electrode sensor input, reduce due to letter
Number longer Radio frequency interference error brought of transmission line；
Differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit 16, by by the impedance matching and the ground electricity of anti-Radio frequency interference processing of circuit
Differential signal is converted into single-ended signal；
Butterworth low pass wave circuit 17, the single-ended signal is subjected to low-pass filtering treatment；
2.5V reference voltage circuits 19, output 2.5V reference voltages and the single-ended signal structure by low-pass filtering treatment
Into pseudo-differential to signal；
A/D drive circuits, receive pseudo-differential and binary digital signal is converted into signal and output to A/D change-over circuits；
Microcontroller, binary digital signal is converted into tape symbol floating point number signal and isolated by serial communication
Circuit output；
Host computer, the output signal of microcontroller is received, current data is shown in the host computer runs software LabVIEW
Acquisition state.
Geodetic datum, differential signal turn single-ended signal where the output circuit of 2.5V reference voltage circuits 19 is unified for device
Circuit, Butterworth low pass wave circuit, A/D drive circuits and A/D change-over circuits provide 2.5V reference voltages.
Long period seismic electrical signal measuring method provided by the utility model, its method are as described below：
Locality electric differential signal, ground electricity differential signal is inputted by shielded cable；
The Radio frequency interference error brought because signal transmission line is longer is reduced by impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference；
Ground electricity differential signal is converted into single-ended signal；
The single-ended signal is subjected to low-pass filtering treatment；
Export 2.5V reference voltages and form pseudo-differential to signal with the single-ended signal；
Receive pseudo-differential and binary digital signal is converted into signal and output；
Binary digital signal is converted into tape symbol floating point number signal and exported after being isolated by serial communication；
Runs software LabVIEW shows Current data acquisition state.
The long period seismic electrical signal that a pair of unpolarizable electrodes 1 receive is divided into noise elimination filter of two branch roads through capacitor type
Ripple device NFE61PT472C1H9L accesses impedance matching circuit, and noise filter NFE61PT472C1H9L has very strong signal noise
Isolation features and noise suppression effect.Signal enters anti-rfi filter after impedance matching circuit, here with impedance
With realizing with anti-Radio frequency interference filter circuit, it is therefore an objective to reduce the Radio frequency interference brought because signal transmission line is longer and miss
Difference.Referring to Fig. 3, impedance matching and the anti-rfi filter in anti-Radio frequency interference the filter circuit bandwidth that to have two kinds different：
Difference bandwidth and common mode bandwidth.Signal bandwidth is under the conditions of turning single-ended signal circuit unit gain due to rear end differential signal
1KHz, common mode bandwidth should be less than 10% of bandwidth under the conditions of instrument amplifier unit gain, so setting anti-Radio frequency interference filtering
The a width of 72Hz of device common mode band, and due to determining the capacitance C of common mode bandwidth1It should be the capacitance C for determining differential mode bandwidth210%
Or it is smaller, so a width of 3.4Hz of differential mode band.- 3dB difference the Bandwidth Calculation Formula of anti-rfi filter such as formula (1) institute
Show, shown in common mode Bandwidth Calculation Formula such as formula (2)：
BWDIFF：Difference bandwidth；BWCM：Common mode bandwidth R：Resistance R1 and resistance R2 sums, R1=R2；C1：Determine common mode band
Wide electric capacity；C2：Determine the electric capacity of differential mode bandwidth；
Referring to Fig. 4, input differential signal turns single-ended signal electricity to ground electricity differential signal respectively after the filtering of anti-Radio frequency interference
The in-phase input end V on roadINPWith inverting input VINN, differential signal, which turns single-ended signal circuit, includes input resistance R3 and feedback electricity
R4 is hindered, is connected in an instrument amplifier, single-ended signal circuit input resistance R is turned according to differential signal3With feedback resistance R4Setting
Instrument amplifier difference mode gain is 4, and difference seismic electrical signal is converted into single-ended signal, instrument amplifier reference edge VrefConnect
2.5V reference voltage circuit.Differential signal turns the output signal V of single-ended signal circuitOUTWith gain calculation formula such as formula (3) institute
Show：
Referring to Fig. 5, differential signal turns the single-ended seismic electrical signal after single-ended signal circuit output and entered by operational amplifier
Two quadravalence Butterworth LPFs of ADA4528-2 compositions, due to setting sample rate in the A/D converter of rear end as 1Hz,
So low pass filter setting cut-off frequency fcFor 0.34Hz.Two operational amplifier in-phase ends in ADA4528-2 are with reference to electricity
Flush 2.5V reference voltage circuits.Cut-off frequency fcShown in calculation formula such as formula (4)：
Referring to Fig. 6, single-ended seismic electrical signal enters A/D drive circuits through Butterworth LPF output, according to rear end
A/D conversion chips ADS1263 selects 100 Ohmic resistances and 1uF electric capacity, another termination 2.5V reference voltage circuits of 1uF electric capacity.
Single-ended seismic electrical signal accesses A/D change-over circuit pseudo-differential in-phase ends, the anti-phase termination of pseudo-differential after A/D drive circuits
2.5V reference voltage circuit.A/D conversion chips use external reference-voltage source 2.5V.Resistance R in A/D drive circuits7For 100 Europe
Nurse, electric capacity C6For 1 microfarad.
Referring to Fig. 7, per road A/D change-over circuits in A/D synchronously termination be respectively connected to two OR gate logic device input OR1 and
Two OR gate logical device OR2 inputs, output is respectively connected to two OR gate logical device OR3 inputs, when in four road A/D converters
When A/D change datas are ready for ready, two OR gate logical device OR3 output ends OR3 export trailing edge to microcontroller, three two
OR gate logical device forms A/D synchronous circuits.
Referring to Fig. 8, the input K1 of 2.5V reference voltage circuits access 2.5V output isolation circuits 20,21,2.5V outputs every
From the output end of circuit 20 and build-out resistor R8Connection, K2 ends 22 connect after the noise filter NFE61PT472C1H9L of capacitor type
Insertion apparatus place greatly, 2.5V Voltage References and ground voltage is provided for East and West direction (or north-south) unpolarizable electrode to iron staff nearby
Biasing.To avoid under different geological conditions, due to Acquisition Circuit and unpolarizable electrode reference voltage it is different and caused by it is electric
Signal drift causes the problem of acquisition channel saturation.
The output of A/D change-over circuits is connected with microcontroller STM32L151C6T6, and establishes SPI communications, through microcontroller number
Accessed after being changed according to form through serial communication isolation circuit in upper computer software LabVIEW, realize the observation of data real-time online and
Analysis etc..So far, the design of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system and measuring method is completed.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system, it is characterised in that：Including：Unpolarizable electrode sensor, ground electricity differential signal is inputted by shielded cable；Impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference circuit, receive the signal of the unpolarizable electrode sensor input, reduce due to signal The longer Radio frequency interference error brought of transmission line；Differential signal turns single-ended signal circuit, will believe by the impedance matching and the ground electricity difference of anti-Radio frequency interference processing of circuit Number it is converted into single-ended signal；Butterworth low pass wave circuit, the single-ended signal is subjected to low-pass filtering treatment；2.5V reference voltage sources, output 2.5V reference voltages form pseudo-differential with the single-ended signal by low-pass filtering treatment To signal；A/D drive circuits, receive pseudo-differential and binary digital signal is converted into signal and output to A/D change-over circuits；Microcontroller, binary digital signal is converted into tape symbol floating point number signal and by serial communication isolation circuit Output；Host computer, the output signal of microcontroller is received, Current data acquisition is shown in the host computer runs software LabVIEW State.
- 2. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the 2.5V reference voltage circuits are unified for where device greatly Ground on schedule, differential signal turn single-ended signal circuit, Butterworth low pass wave circuit, A/D drive circuits and A/D change-over circuits 2.5V reference voltages are provided.
- 3. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that ground electricity differential signal is by impedance matching and anti-Radio frequency interference Input differential signal turns the in-phase input end V of single-ended signal circuit respectively after circuitINPWith inverting input VINN, believed according to difference Number turn single-ended signal circuit input resistance R3With feedback resistance R4Difference mode gain is set as 4, and difference seismic electrical signal is converted into list End signal, reference edge VrefConnect 2.5V reference voltage sources.
- 4. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that Butterworth LPF is to be made up of operational amplifier Two quadravalence Butterworth LPFs, the in-phase end datum of operational amplifier connects 2.5V reference voltages.
- 5. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that single-ended seismic electrical signal exports through Butterworth LPF Into A/D drive circuits, including a resistance R7With an electric capacity C6, resistance R is selected according to rear end A/D change-over circuits7With electric capacity C6, Electric capacity C6One end and resistance R7After connection, another termination 2.5V reference voltage sources.
- 6. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that single-ended seismic electrical signal accesses A/D after A/D drive circuits and turned Change circuit pseudo-differential in-phase end, the anti-phase termination 2.5V reference voltage sources of pseudo-differential.
- 7. according to the system described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that the A/D change-over circuits are multichannel, are changed per road A/D A/D synchronizations end is respectively connected to two OR gate logical device OR1 and two OR gate logical device OR2 inputs in circuit, output end two or Gate logic device OR3 inputs, when A/D change datas are ready for ready, the output of two OR gate logical device OR3 output ends declines Microcontroller is given on edge.
- 8. according to the system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that 2.5V reference voltage sources access 2.5V output isolation circuits are defeated Enter to hold K1 ends, 2.5V output isolation circuits output end and build-out resistor R8Connection, the noise filter through capacitor type K2 terminates iron staff the earth where insertion apparatus nearby after NFE61PT472C1H9L, is carried for East and West direction or north-south unpolarizable electrode Biased for 2.5V Voltage References and ground voltage.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106970270A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-21 | 吉林大学 | A kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system and measuring method |
| CN109752593A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-14 | 钜泉光电科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Detection system and electric energy computation chip and its equipment |
-
2017
- 2017-05-26 CN CN201720598419.0U patent/CN207074235U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106970270A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-21 | 吉林大学 | A kind of long period seismic electrical signal acquisition system and measuring method |
| CN106970270B (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2023-05-12 | 吉林大学 | Long-period ground electric signal acquisition system and measurement method |
| CN109752593A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-14 | 钜泉光电科技(上海)股份有限公司 | Detection system and electric energy computation chip and its equipment |
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