A kind of multi-state tread braking unit fatigue test system
Technical field
The utility model is related to the fatigue test systems that tread braking unit simulates existing vehicle composite condition.
Background technology
Rolling stock, urban rail transit vehicles and the widely used tread brake mode of fractional orbital engineering truck.This
The carried tread braking unit of utility model is similar with carried tread braking unit in the patent CN103693069B authorized, is one
The executive device of kind rail transit car braking system.Its mode of braking is:It is filled with compressed air to brake so that brake
Brake head to wheel to stretch out, drive brake shoe contact roller pair extrados, to generate frictional force.The frictional force prevent wheel to after
Continuous rotation, to realize braking effect.
In order to verify the reliability and durability of tread braking unit braking action, need to carry out tread braking unit tired
Labor is tested.However, in current fatigue test method, subject tread braking unit is mounted on test tool, and brake shoe, which stretches out, to be made
With on tread copying device, after a certain period of time, tread braking unit is alleviated for holding, and brake shoe, which is retracted, to be resetted, then constantly repetition
Above procedure.In above-mentioned existing test method, tread copying device is completely fixed, as static, thus can not
Verify reliability and durability of the tread braking unit during existing vehicle uses, that is, can not verify due to wheel tread and lock
Watt friction caused by tangential force, due to taking turns to opposite framework there is cross force caused by lateral play, due to wheel
The influence to tread braking unit reliability and durability such as periodic reverse oscillating load caused by non-round.
Even if being individually related in the testing stand that patent CN105806611A and patent CN107063662A are invented
Work condition analogue existing for Work condition analogue and wheel out of round existing for cross force, but the testing stand simulation that the above patent is invented are arrived
Operating mode is single, also cannot show vehicle composite condition compared with real simulation.It is an entirety using tread copying device and transmission mechanism,
Type is single, is not applied for multiple product fatigue test process, cannot meet existing tread braking unit fatigue test demand.
Invention content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of multi-state tread braking unit fatigue test system, the experiment systems
System can simulate tread braking unit and show each independent operating mode or composite condition present in vehicle utilization, and verification tread braking unit is existing
Reliability during vehicle utilization and durability.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme that:The utility model includes test platform, is being surveyed
It tries platform and is equipped with front support frame and rear support frame, be equipped with fixed seat in the side of front support frame, be additionally equipped with tread profiling
Module, tangential force apply cylinder, cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration, cross force and apply cylinder;Above-mentioned front support frame energy transverse shifting,
It is internally provided with the sliding rack that can be vertically moved;Rear support frame be equipped with lifting seat, the lifting seat have bottom plate, both side plate and
Back side panel;The front side of the tread profiling module is hinged on by articulated shaft on sliding rack, and the both side plate of lifting seat is inserted into rear end
Between, tread profiling module is that longitudinal sliding motion is connect with lifting seat;The tangential force apply cylinder be in lifting seat lower section and
It is fixed on test platform, applying cylinder by tangential force drives lifting seat lifting;The cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration has motor
And cam, cam are in the rear of tread profiling module, camshaft is supported by the both side plate of lifting seat, and cam pushes tread profiling
Module moves ahead, and drives tread profiling module to return by resetting spring;The cross force applies cylinder and is arranged in fixed seat, laterally
Power applies cylinder and is connect with sliding rack, and cross force applies cylinder and drives front support frame transverse shifting by sliding rack.
This pilot system is additionally provided with longitudinal adjustment apparatus, and longitudinal adjustment apparatus is in the rear of rear support frame, longitudinally adjust
The movable part of the first transmission mechanism of device is connected with the riser of rear support frame, and the rear support frame is in longitudinal adjustment apparatus
Under effect, vertically move.
The tread profiling module includes the profiling tread that forward pass lever, rear drive link and screw are connected in forward pass lever
Head, after the posterior transversal of forward pass lever is loosely inserted into the U-lag of drive link front end.
It is respectively provided with longitudinal kidney-shaped pilot hole on the both side plate of the lifting seat, is set on the rear drive link of tread profiling module
There is guide pin, the both ends of guide pin, which are inserted into respectively in the kidney-shaped pilot hole of lifting seat both side plate, forms longitudinal sliding motion connection.
For the cam mechanism tool of reciprocating vibration there are two resetting spring, two resetting springs are separately positioned on tread profile mould
The both sides of the both sides of block, the rear drive link of tread profiling module are respectively provided with spring connecting rod, and fixed frame is equipped on rear side of front support frame
Or fixed column, one end of each resetting spring are connected in the spring connecting rod in homonymy, the other end is connected to fixed frame
On corresponding position or in the fixed column of homonymy.
Four longitudinally guiding columns being distributed two-by-two are equipped in the front support frame, the sliding rack is through four longitudinally guidings
On column, it can be moved on longitudinally guiding column.
The tailpiece of the piston rod that the cross force applies cylinder is equipped with connector, is hinged by axis pin between connector and sliding rack.
The cross force, which applies cylinder, can be vertically moved by third transmission mechanism kinetic energy in fixed seat, third transmission
Mechanism includes screw rod and the movable block that is threaded on screw rod, between one end and the cylinder body of lateral dynamics cylinder of movable block by
Axis pin is hinged, the dynamic cooperation of the guide rail on the other end of movable block and the side plate of fixed seat.
On the test platform and position on front side of front support frame is fixed with the work for installing tread braking unit
Dress.
The longitudinal adjustment apparatus is equipped with the second transmission mechanism, and the movable part of the second transmission mechanism is in the first transmission mechanism
Movable part underface, the movable part of the second transmission mechanism is connected with the riser of rear support frame.
The utility model has following good effect:1, the utility model can verify that in existing vehicle braking process due to tread
Influence of the tangential force caused by friction with brake shoe to tread braking unit reliability and durability;It can verify that due to wheel not
The periodic reverse oscillating load that circle generates influences the reliability of tread braking unit and durability;It can verify that existing vehicle used
Cheng Zhong, due to taking turns to there are cross forces caused by horizontal looseness to the reliability of tread braking unit and durable relative to framework
Property influence;It can verify that reliability and durability shadow that three of the above operating mode random combine is formed by operating mode to tread braking unit
It rings, and each operating mode is non-interference, Work condition analogue is used closer to existing vehicle, and Fatigue Test Time is shorter.2, the utility model can
Influence of the verification suitable for the tread braking unit reliability and durability of different tread types, and can be adapted for different installations
The tread braking unit of mode.3, the utility model is compact-sized, and tread profiling module is separate structure, and forward pass lever can be rear
Transverse movement in the U-type groove of drive link can be convenient for changing tread tracer head, simulate different tread radiuses, can carry out difference and step on
The fatigue test of face type products.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is tread profiling module stereogram.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of tread profiling module.
Fig. 4 is that cross force cylinder longitudinal adjustment apparatus connects stereogram with cross force cylinder.
Fig. 5 is that tread profiling module connect stereogram with longitudinal adjustment apparatus, cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration.
Fig. 6 is the connection plan view of tread profiling module and cross force cylinder.
Fig. 7 is the connection stereogram that tread profiling module applies cylinder with cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration, tangential force.
Fig. 8 is the connection plan view that tread profiling module applies cylinder with cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration, tangential force
Reference numeral is as follows:Front support frame 1, longitudinally guiding column 1-1, sliding rack 2, middle partition board 2-1, slide slot 2-a, cover board
2-2, tread profiling module 3, profiling tread head 3-1, forward pass lever 3-2, rear drive link 3-3, articulated shaft 3-4, connecting pin 3-5,
Spring connecting rod 3-6, guide pin 3-7, rear support frame 4, lifting seat 5, tangential force apply cylinder 6, longitudinal adjustment apparatus 7, reciprocal
It vibrates cam mechanism 8, motor 8-1, cam 8-2, camshaft 8-3, resetting spring 8-4, cross force and applies cylinder 9, third transmission
Mechanism 10, screw rod 10-1, sliding block 10-2, fixed seat 11, fixed frame 12, position-limited rack 13, tooling 14, test platform 15, tangential force
Tension-compression sensor 16, cross force tension-compression sensor 17, tachometer generator 18, displacement sensor 19.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
See that Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the present embodiment include test platform 15, the front support frame 1 in 15 forward and backward side of test platform are arranged
With rear support frame 4 and fixed seat 11 in 1 side of front support frame is set, be additionally equipped with tread profiling module 3, tangential force is applied
Aerating cylinder 6, longitudinal adjustment apparatus 7, cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration 8, cross force apply cylinder 9.
The front side of test platform 15 is fixed with a pair of of cross slide way 15-1, and rear side is fixed with a pair of of longitudinal rail 15-2.
The front support frame 1 is connected to using the sliding block on bottom surface is dynamic on cross slide way 15-1.It is equipped with and slides in front support frame 1
Moving frame 2 is equipped with four longitudinally guiding column 1-1 being distributed two-by-two in front support frame 1, and the sliding rack 2 is through four longitudinal directions and leads
To on column 1-1, sliding rack 2 can move on longitudinally guiding column 1-1.
There is the rear support frame 4 the front slide 4-1 and riser 4-2 at Angle connection, rear support frame 4 to utilize front slide 4-
Sliding block on 1 bottom surface, which moves, to be connected on longitudinal rail 15-2.The leading flank of the riser 4-2 of rear support frame 4 is equipped with a pair of lift
Guide rail 4-3.
The lifting seat 5 has bottom plate 5-1, both side plate 5-2 and back side panel 5-3.Back side panel 5-3 utilizes the cunning on trailing flank
Block is dynamic to be connected on the riser guide 4-3 of rear support frame riser 4-2.It lifting seat 5 and is fixed on rear support frame front slide 4-1
The measuring cell of displacement sensor 19 connects.
The longitudinal adjustment apparatus 7 is in the rear of rear support frame 4, the first transmission mechanism 7-1's of longitudinal adjustment apparatus 7
Movable part is connected with the riser 4-2 of rear support frame 4.
See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the tread profiling module 3 includes forward pass lever 3-2, rear drive link 3-3 and oblique by sunk screw
It is equipped with idler wheel 3-8 to the rear end of the profiling tread head 3-1, rear drive link 3-3 that are connected on forward pass lever 3-2.Forward pass lever 3-2
Posterior transversal be loosely inserted into after the front ends drive link 3-3 U-lag 3-a in, between forward pass lever 3-2 and rear drive link 3-3
By two connecting pin 3-5 connections, the dynamic connections of forward pass lever 3-2 and connecting pin 3-5, forward pass lever 3-2 can be along connecting pin 3-5 in U
Transverse shifting in shape slot 3-a.It is concave-convex grafting between the profiling tread head 3-1 and forward pass lever 3-2, and the face being affixed is circle
Arc forms machinery positioning, and is fixed by sunk screw connection.The profiling tread head of forward pass lever and different arc radius
3-1 is connected, and by the exchange to profiling tread head 3-1, can be suitably used for the tread brake list of different tread types and mounting means
The experiment of member.
See Fig. 6, partition board 2-1 during the sliding rack 2 has two is longitudinal slide slot 2-a between partition board 2-1 in two, in two
It is equipped with pin shaft hole on partition board 2-1.The forward pass lever 3-2 of the tread profiling module 3 is equipped with hinged axis hole, forward pass lever 3-
In the 2 slide slot 2-a in sliding rack 2, profiling tread head 3-1 stretches out front support frame 1, forward pass lever 3-2 and the two of sliding rack 2
It is respectively provided with deep groove ball bearing 20 between middle partition board 2-1, a pair of of thrust ball bearing 21, a hinge are equipped in the hinged axis hole of sliding rack 2
Spindle 3-4 is hinged on by articulated shaft 3-4 on sliding rack 2 totally by above-mentioned four bearing bearings, tread profiling module 3, sliding rack 2
It is connected with cover board 2-2 in the one side wall of nearly fixed seat 11.
See Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, longitudinal kidney-shaped pilot hole 5-2-1, tread are arranged on the both side plate 5-2 of the lifting seat 5
The rear drive link 3-3 of profiling module 3 is equipped with guide pin 3-7, and lifting seat both side plate 5-2 is inserted at the both ends of guide pin 3-7 respectively
Kidney-shaped pilot hole 5-2-1 in, connected at longitudinal sliding motion between tread profiling module 3 and lifting seat 5.
See that Fig. 1,5 to Fig. 8, the cam mechanism 8 of reciprocating vibration have motor 8-1, cam 8-2 and are separately positioned on tread
Two resetting spring 8-4 of 3 both sides of profiling module, cam 8-2 are in the rear of tread profiling module 3, and camshaft 8-3 is by lifting
The both side plate 5-2 of seat 5 is supported, and tachometer generator 18 is connected on camshaft 8-3.Cam 8-2 can be with 3 rear end of tread profiling module
Idler wheel 3-8 contact.The both sides of the rear drive link 3-3 of tread profiling module are respectively provided with spring connecting rod 3-6, after front support frame 1
Side is equipped with fixed frame 12 or fixed column, and one end of each resetting spring 8-4 is connected on the spring connecting rod 3-6 in homonymy,
The other end is connected on the corresponding position of fixed frame 12 or in the fixed column of homonymy.
See that Fig. 1,5,7 and Fig. 8, the tangential force apply cylinder 6 and be in the lower section of lifting seat 5 and be fixed on test platform 15
On, it is connected with tangential force tension-compression sensor 16 between the bottom plate 5-1 of piston rod 6-1 and lifting seat 5.
See that Fig. 1,4 to Fig. 6, the cross force apply cylinder 9 and are arranged in fixed seat 11, tailpiece of the piston rod is equipped with connector 9-1,
Cross force tension-compression sensor 17 is connected between piston rod and connector 9-1.Connector 9-1 by axis pin 9-2 and sliding rack 2 cover board 2-
2 is hinged, and cross force, which applies cylinder 9, can be vertically moved by 10 kinetic energy of third transmission mechanism in fixed seat 11.The third
Transmission mechanism 10 includes screw rod 10-1 and the movable block 10-2 being threaded on screw rod 10-1, and screw rod 10-1 stretches out fixed seat 11
One end on be connected with handwheel 10-3, one end of movable block 10-2 is hinged with the cylinder body of lateral dynamics cylinder 9 by axis pin 9-2, living
The other end of motion block 10-2 and the dynamic cooperations of guide rail 11-1 on the side plate of fixed seat 11.
On the test platform 15 and the external stability in front support frame 1 has position-limited rack 13, is limited for mechanical-assisted.
On the test platform 15 and position in 1 front side of front support frame is fixed with for installing tread braking unit
Tooling 14.Tooling has threaded hole needed for distinct interface size, is suitable for the tread braking unit of a variety of different installations
Installation.
This pilot system has the visualization system that human-computer interaction can be achieved, and can boot up self-test, pick up calibration, hand
The correlation functions such as dynamic debugging, function experiment, experiment implementation, abnormal alarm.
Embodiment 2
Movable part of the longitudinal adjustment apparatus 7 equipped with the second transmission mechanism 7-2, the second transmission mechanism 7-2 is in first
The underface of the movable part of transmission mechanism 7-1, the movable part of the second transmission mechanism 7-2 are connected with the riser 4-2 of rear support frame 4
It connects.Two transmission mechanisms are run simultaneously.Remaining is same as Example 1.
For pilot system in use, tread units brake is mounted in tooling 14, manual synchronization operates longitudinally adjust dress
7 the first transmission mechanism 7-1 and the second transmission mechanism 7-2 are set, rear support frame 4 is driven to move, to drive tread by lifting seat 5
Profiling module 3 moves, and makes profiling tread head 3-1 and tread units Stopper contact, since sliding rack 2 is also with tread profiling module
3 movements, it be hinged that cross force, which applies cylinder 9 and sliding rack 2, and cross force application cylinder 9 can glance off, and at this moment needs operation the
Three transmission mechanisms 10, by handwheel 10-3 rotary screw 10-1, band movable slider 10-2 is moved on screw rod 10-1, makes cross force
Apply cover board 2-2 of the piston rod perpendicular to sliding rack 2 of cylinder 9.
Cylinder 6, cross force application cylinder 9 and cam mechanism of reciprocating vibration 8 are applied by electrical control cabinet control tangential force
Operation.
The stretching return motion that tangential force applies cylinder 6 drives lifting seat 5 to move up and down, and then drives tread profiling module
3 swing using articulated shaft 3-4 as fulcrum, using lever principle Lengthened moment arm, apply tangential force to tread braking unit.Tangential force
Apply cylinder 6 and tangential power is provided, damped condition in simulating wheel rotation process.
The operation of cam mechanism 8 of reciprocating vibration, by motor 8-1 band moving cam 8-2 rotations, cam 8-2 passes through tread profiling
The idler wheel 3-8 of 3 rear end of module pushes tread profiling module 3 to move ahead, and the guide pin 3-7 of 3 rear side of tread profiling module is along lifting seat 5
Both side plate 5-2 on kidney-shaped pilot hole 5-2-1 movement, the front of tread profiling module 3 supports by sliding rack 2,2 edge of sliding rack
Four longitudinally guiding column 1-1 movements on front support frame 1, drive tread profiling module 3 to reset by resetting spring 8-4 two.Due to
Camshaft 8-3 ensures that entire cam mechanism 8 of reciprocating vibration is fixed on lifting seat 5, with liter by the both side plate 5-2 bearings of lifting seat 5
Seat 5 is dropped with liter with drop, and it is non-interference with load of reciprocating vibration application to ensure that tangential force applies.Cam mechanism 8 of reciprocating vibration drives
Tread profiling module 3 carry out longitudinally reciprocating motion, simulation due to wheel out of round in braking process tread to tread braking unit
Caused by load of reciprocating vibration.
The stretching return motion that cross force applies cylinder 9 drives 2 transverse shifting of sliding rack, and then drives tread profiling module
3 transverse shiftings, since tread profiling module 3 is separate structure, forward pass lever 3-2 can be in the U-lag 3-a of rear drive link 3-3
Transverse shifting, so be only forward pass lever 3-2 with profiling tread head 3-1 transverse shiftings, ensure that cross force apply with it is tangential
Power applies non-interference.The both ends of cross force application cylinder 9 are all made of the hinged mode of axis pin and are connect with each associated components, have
It is non-interference with load of reciprocating vibration application to ensure that cross force applies for bit shift compensation function.Cross force applies cylinder 9 and provides transverse direction
Power, horizontal looseness when simulation wheel is to braking relative to framework.
Three kinds of different working condition tests can be carried out individually, be combined into row, the experiment implementation of composite condition is non-interference, more
Close to existing vehicle applying working condition.
Force signal during having related sensor to acquire this during the test is carried out by electrical control cabinet at data
Reason, finally shows in visualization interface.