CN2075993U - Device for oscillatory cutting and ultraprecision machining - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an additional device for a lathe. The utility model causes a main shaft to generate oscillation; a tool bar shaft in rigid connection with the main shaft; a turning tool or an ultraprecision machining device generates high-frequency oscillation to achieve the oscillatory cutting. The diagram of the device is arranged on a pedestal of a tool carrier of the lathe; the turning tool or the ultraprecision machining device is arranged on a shaft of the tool bar of the device; a workpiece to be processed is arranged on a clamping chuck of the lathe. Oscillatory cutting and the processing of an inner hole, a circular cone and a conical hole, the turning of a screw and a screw rod and the oscillatory ultraprecision processing of a top circle and an inner hole are carried on the workpiece. The dimensional precision and the roughness of the workpiece is improved (from 0.8 to 0.1), and the utility model can also process materials which are difficult to process, such as the precision machining of stainless steel, copper and aluminum materials. The utility model has the advantages of low manufacture cost, high benefits to producing enterprises and society and strong applicability to machine tools.

Description

Device for oscillatory cutting and ultraprecision machining

The utility model is the attachment device of lathe.This device is contained on the base of lathe saddle, workpiece is contained on the chuck of lathe, or on lathe top; For AC power, then this device makes lathe tool (4) or superfinishing stone (37) on cutter spindle (2) produce twisting vibration in the main cutting direction of workpiece to this device; When the workpiece on being contained in lathe spindle rotated under the rotating speed of regulation, lathe tool (4) carried out vibrocutting to workpiece, or the workpiece that rotate at superfinishing stone (37) opposing connection lathe centre center carries out microstoning.Workpiece is carried out vibrocutting Precision Machining cylindrical, endoporus, inside and outside circle cone, slender axles, thin cylinder and precision turning screw thread and screw mandrel, or microstoning is with circle and endoporus.

China Patent Office disclosed Du Shao base patent of invention spindle box on October 3rd, 1, its transmission adopted rotating shaft train principle, and the compound motion that makes reamer not only rotate but also vibrate carries out low-frequency vibration fraising or tapping hole to the fixation workpiece aperture.The structure of this device and spindle box, transmission system, operation principle, the function of processing work and scope are all inequality.On November 7th, 1, China Patent Office disclosed the lathe extraneous vibration transfer sharpener of what Zhang Ming.This sharpener makes grinding head grinding wheel produce double vibrations with the interruption suction of Motor Drive eccentric shaft link gear or alternating electromagnet and the bounce of spring, workpiece is carried out vibration grinding or transfer grinding, the correct grinding excircle of workpiece.The structure of this device and lathe extraneous vibration transfer sharpener, transmission system, operation principle, the function and the range of work are all inequality.

The purpose of this utility model: be exactly this device to be contained in reach vibrocutting Precision Machining and superlinishing technique effect on the engine lathe.Reach the machining accuracy of inside and outside round grinding machine and screw grinder and the precision processing technology level of surface roughness.Thereby obtain high-precision mach technique effect.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that and makes cutter spindle (2) produce twisting vibration.The power of this device motor (14) rotates camshaft (15) by the speed change of belt pulley (13).As Fig. 2, the cam (17) that is solidly connected on camshaft (15) with key rotates with camshaft (15), and the rotation of cam (17) is by roller (32), and rocking arm (8) and rocking arm resetting-mechanism (31) make main shaft (10) produce twisting vibration.Cutter spindle (2) is solidly connected on main shaft (10), then cutter spindle (2) synchronous vibration with main shaft (10) twisting vibration; The oilstone (37) that then is packed in lathe tool (4) on the cutter spindle or superfinishing equipment (36) produces twisting vibration in the main cutting direction of workpiece; Perhaps adopt mechanism as Fig. 3, rotate with camshaft (15) with conjugate cam (34) and (35) that key is solidly connected on camshaft (15), again by roller (32), the effect of two rocking arms (33) also makes main shaft (10) produce twisting vibration, thereby make the oilstone (37) of lathe tool (4) or superfinishing equipment produce twisting vibration in the main cutting direction of workpiece, by its vibration frequency and amplitude, determine cutting speed to workpiece, make the condition that reaches vibrocutting, carry out vibrocutting or microstoning.This device is contained on the common car lathe and carries out the vibrocutting Precision Machining, its machining accuracy, and circularity can reach 2um, and machined surface roughness reaches Ra ≈ 0.1um; Accurate screw of vibration turning and leading screw; 600 millimeters of Workpiece lengths, its machining accuracy and former lathe screw mandrel error are not more than 0.03 millimeter.Therefore this device has above-mentioned vibrocutting Precision Machining and superlinishing technical characterictic.This device adopts Series Design, be suitable for from small-sized lathe, as the C618 type to large-scale lathe.So this device has applied range, the range of work reaches the many technical performances of function greatly.The machining accuracy of engine lathe is brought up to grinding machine or superlinishing precision.

The utility model device is contained in the technique effect that reaches vibrocutting on the engine lathe, compares following advantage with the common cutting of engine lathe: the difference of essence is arranged with regard to processing mechanism.The vibrocutting of this device can reduce cutting force, and the cutting temperature of workpiece is bordering on room temperature, and is very little to workpiece deformation.Therefore improved machining accuracy.Cutter life is long; Also can carry out Precision Machining to difficult to machine materials such as stainless steel, high-speed steel and titanium materials.Above-mentioned technique effect, common cutting is inaccessible.And processing precise screw thread and leading screw.

The utility model device concrete structure and description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is that system figure is shown in the transmission of this device, and Fig. 2 is the mould profile of this device, and Fig. 3 is second kind of structure drawing in side sectional elevation of this device rocker arrangement, and Fig. 4 is the profile of superfinishing equipment (36).

As Fig. 1, with shaft coupling (1) cutter spindle (2) is connected firmly and to be connected to main shaft (10).Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, with key (25) rocking arm (8) or two rocking arm (33) are connected firmly and to be connected to main shaft (10), and with rocking arm setscrew nut (9) with rocking arm (8) or two rocking arm (33) axial location in main shaft (10).Connecting Xiao (30) with roller installs roller (32) on rocking arm (8) or two rocking arm (33).With screw box cover (24) and case base (27) are packed on the casing (11).With bolt (23) motor (14) is packed in box cover (24) and goes up the plane.Rocking arm resetting-mechanism support (19) (Fig. 1) installs on the antetheca of casing (11).With cabinet base bolt (26) casing (11) is packed on the lathe saddle base on the plane.

As Fig. 1, the power of motor makes camshaft (15) rotate with flat belt after speed change by a pair of belt pulley (13), and cam (17) connects firmly with key and is connected to camshaft (15); Referring to Fig. 2, then (17 rotation makes main shaft (10) produce twisting vibration by roller (32), rocking arm (8) and rocking arm resetting-mechanism (31) to cam; Referring to Fig. 3, or the effect of the rotation of conjugate cam (34) and (35) by roller (32) and two rocking arms (33) also make main shaft (10) produce twisting vibration, and two kinds of mechanisms choose any one kind of them.Lathe tool (4) and superfinishing equipment (36) are packed on the knife bar (2), and then the oilstone (37) on lathe tool (4) and the superfinishing equipment (36) produces twisting vibration and synchronous vibration with cutter spindle (2) in the main cutting direction; By its vibration frequency and the definite cutting speed of amplitude, make to reach vibrocutting or superlinishing technical conditions to workpiece.

As Fig. 1, main shaft (10) two ends use main shaft sprocket bit nut (12) fixing with bearing (7) supporting, bearing (7), and front-end of spindle charge of oil envelope (6), avoid the leakage of oil of cutter spindle place.End cap (5) and camshaft end cap are fixed on the casing (11) with screw (18).The eccentric wheel (21) that installs on the camshaft (15) acts on plunger displacement pump (20), and the force feed oil of plunger displacement pump output is through oil pipe (22), and oil is chewed (16) and waited and be delivered to each bearing, and cam and roller etc. need lubricated place, and it is suitable lubricated and cool off that it is obtained.

As Fig. 4, superfinishing equipment (36) is packed on the cutter spindle (2) with screw, and oilstone (37) produces twisting vibration with cutter spindle (2) in workpiece main cutting direction, and does not rotate.Spring on the superfinishing equipment (36) makes and satisfies the superlinishing specification requirement in order to adjust the pressure of oilstone (37) to workpiece.

Between the last plane of case base (27) bottom surface and lathe base, sine gauge device of longitudinal direction device at lathe, in order to adjust plane on cabinet base lower plane and the lathe saddle base, angle adjustable in the inclination of lathe longitudinal direction, satisfy the requirement at the assorted angle of turning all size screw thread, thereby reach the requirement of turning all size screw thread or leading screw, reach turning accurate thread and leading screw.

Claims (3)

1, the utility model vibrocutting and superfinishing equipment, it is characterized in that: the power of motor (14) is by the structure and the transmission system of this device, cam (17) is rotated with camshaft (15), make main shaft (10) produce twisting vibration in workpiece main cutting direction by rocking arm (8) and rocking arm resetting-mechanism (31); Or altogether rotate with camshaft (15) cam (34) and (35), by two rocking arms (33), under the effect that is total to cam (34) and (35), make main shaft (10) produce twisting vibration in workpiece main cutting direction, make the oilstone (37) of lathe tool (4) or superfinishing equipment produce corresponding twisting vibration in workpiece main cutting direction, by the frequency and the amplitude of its vibration, determine under the cutting speed to workpiece workpiece to be carried out vibrocutting Precision Machining or microstoning.

2, according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that being contained in superfinishing equipment on the cutter spindle (2) under its adjustable spring elastic force effect, oilstone (37) is pressed on the workpiece; Oilstone (37) produces twisting vibration with cutter spindle (2) in the main cutting direction of workpiece simultaneously, vibration frequency and amplitude by its oilstone (37), under definite workpiece cutting speed, the oilstone (37) of superfinishing equipment (36) is done cylindrical or endoporus microstoning to workpiece.

3, according to the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that the plane tilts with adjustable-angle at the lathe longitudinal direction on case base (27) baseplane and the lathe saddle base, satisfy the requirement of the lead angle of turning all size screw, thus turning screw or leading screw.

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