Background technology
Worldwide, green building has become current theory, many countries, particularly some flourishing states
Family, such as:Germany, Britain, Sweden etc., a kind of green building not still theory, and practical exemplary has been carried out, and
Green building is incorporated into fairly perfect law, Legal System.
For now, either theory or engineering practice, Chinese green building also have very big with international standard
Gap.First, in theory, green building is penetrated into not yet in the management philosophy of enterprise, many insiders, even one
Also there are mistaken ideas in the understanding of green building by a little science and technology scholars, and In the view of them, green building is exactly super low energy consumption building, height
Science and technology building, is so out of reach.What is more, it is believed that green building is equal to green coverage.Secondly, in practice technology
On, the building industry in China is as a complicated and diversified industrial groups at present, and there are starting point is low, technical merit is not high, innovation
The problem of ability is weak.Compared with developed countries, Urban House energy consumption in China's is averagely higher by 3.5 times, is also in traditional extensive hair
Exhibition pattern, high consumption, high pollution, high investment, poor benefit problem are quite prominent.And this development model, seriously hinder city
The raising of city's comprehensive quality and the normal performance of function, reduce the bearing capacity in city, affect the sound development of urbanization.
The good news is being on the rise with global energy crisis and environmental pollution, China has accelerated green building
Paces, corresponding law, regulation also gradually improving, such as:《Economizing energy law》、《Energy saving medium-term and long-term special rule
It draws》、《Civil Building Energy Conservation administrative provisions》、《Civil Building Energy Conservation regulations》、《Green building assessment standard》Etc. regulations go out in succession
Platform and execution specify direction for green building work, provide legal assurance.Meanwhile more and more scholars and people in the industry
Scholar also makees a large amount of research in the development for Chinese Green Building.Importantly, the theory of green building with practice by
Enterprise is gradually incorporated, particularly builds the management philosophy of relevant enterprise.
The traditional definition of green building refers to economize on resources to the maximum extent, i.e., it is energy saving, save land, be water-saving, section material, environmental protection,
" four section one environmental protection ", the Architecture Policies of " be applicable in, be economic, green, beautiful " that this and center propose are common, emphasize with it is natural and
Humorous interpromoting relation in five elements.The developing direction of green building is Life cycle greenization wherein there are one key concept.Not merely be building or
Person operation etc. a certain link, but the building materials manufacture from front end, planning and designing, operation, including rear end use recycling all answer
Reach greenization.
Meanwhile the justice that should have of green building will also meet urban development and the greenization of living environment.Building is in itself
An only carrier is a skin texture in city, to meet urban development, living environment needs, from architecture construction, operation it is more
It is horizontal dimensionally to promote greenization.Compared to traditional architecture, the advantage and development trend of green building have summed up three categories,
Reduce energy consumption(Or zero consumption), improve comfort level.Compared to traditional architecture, green building first is replaced with clean energy resource
Meet the basic power source demand of the mankind for traditional energy, the parts of traditional electric power of building is such as substituted with solar power generation.The
Second is that green building can use advanced energy-saving design theory, energy-saving material and energy conserving system, the use effect of the energy is greatly improved
Energy.Third is not generate runoff water, using itself recycle and processing system, realize auto purification, not to environment and life
State generates burden.
In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out various explore and studies around green building problem to the opinion of nature, to the greatest extent
Pipe people's different people, different views, the viewpoint of proposition are not quite similar, and also reach some common recognitions.Ecological environment be it is fragile, the earth it is non-again
The bearing capacity of production-goods source and regenerated resources and the earth, detergent power are all limited.Green building should walk it is thrifty, energy saving,
Efficiently, low consumption, pollution-free or of low pollution road for development.Green building must safeguard and promote global biosphere stabilization with
It goes to be transformed and utilize on the basis of prosperity naturally, " harmonious relation of nature and people ", the idea of development and trend of green building should be become.
Since reform and opening-up, while economic rapid growth brings employment, wealth to us, also brought to us huge
Big ecocrisis.The energy and environmental problems such as energy crisis, ecocrisis, greenhouse effects become increasingly conspicuous, and walk sustainable development
Road has become the urgent task of global facing, and the construction industry of whole energy consumptions 1/3 is accounted for as energy consumption and becomes focus of attention.
With flourishing for China's economic, green building has been trend of the times, and Chinese real estate industry necessarily faces integration upgrading,
Specialized, high-technicalization trend is also increasingly presented in architectural design and Home Fashion & Design Shanghai.City modern architecture to its total operation into
The combination etc. of sheet, energy conservation and environmental protection, user experience and architectural appearance is proposed new demand.
But green building domestic at present is should also be appreciated that also there are extensive style development model, around green building
Also there are following outstanding problems for the water-saving grade of energy-saving material-saving:
1st, to generate electricity just much of that for the solar energy that is combined also being only limitted to of the photovoltaic power generation technology of production capacity and building roof, right
The research for influencing generating efficiency in turn in influence of the laying to roof heat insulation and structure of photovoltaic module and roofing fever is also compared
It is less;
1st, the comprehensive utilization and heat recovery technology of building photovoltaic and photothermal integral are studied not enough, thermoelectricity comprehensive utilization
It is inefficient;
2nd, also fewer for the complementary application and integrated management research of building multiple kinds of energy, building comprehensive energy efficiency ratio is not
It is high;
3rd, conventional house is mostly that steel construction or the larger building of steel using amount, output of steel remain high, and related industry chain causes
Heavy economy and environmental problem protrude, explore non-steel environment-friendly building materials and assembled construction mode it is imperative.
Utility model content
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of green houses from energy balance
System, with solve in the prior art green building in energy-saving material-saving it is water-saving etc. existing for outstanding problem.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that include at least:Photovoltaic plant, comprehensive energy pipe
Reason system, with electric loading, photovoltaic plant, solar thermal collector connection integrated energy source management system, integrated energy source management system connect
It connects and uses electric loading.
Aforementioned a kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that the photovoltaic plant includes multiple light
Photovoltaic array, header box, DC power distribution cabinet, inverter, photovoltaic array connection header box, header box connection DC power distribution cabinet, direct current
Power distribution cabinet connects inverter;Inverter connects integrated energy source management system.
Aforementioned a kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that photovoltaic plant includes several intelligent temperatures
Photovoltaic cracker is controlled, intelligent temperature control photovoltaic cracker is arranged between the photovoltaic array being serially connected.
Aforementioned a kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that intelligent temperature control photovoltaic cracker includes
Temperature acquisition mouth, MCU intelligent cells, electronic switch, PV plates anode, PV plate cathode, temperature acquisition mouth connection MCU intelligent cells,
MCU intelligent cells connect electronic switch, and electronic switch connects PV plates anode, PV plate cathode, intelligent temperature control photovoltaic cracker respectively
It is connected between the photovoltaic array being serially connected by PV plates anode and PV plate cathode.
Aforementioned a kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that further include photovoltaic and photothermal equipment, photovoltaic
Photo-thermal apparatus includes generating equipment, heat-energy recovering apparatus and interface element, and Interface Element is located at generating equipment and heat-energy recovering apparatus
Between, heat-energy recovering apparatus collects the thermal energy that generating equipment is transmitted through coming by Interface Element.
Aforementioned a kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that generating equipment includes photovoltaic array, heat
Energy retracting device is surround by the circulating line for water or the oil-based liquid for being mixed with electrolyte in pipeline and formed, which has
One water inlet and a water outlet, Interface Element between photovoltaic panel equipment and heat-energy recovering apparatus, serve as reasons by interface element
The polymer material of electrically conductive graphite, carbon fiber, titanium dioxide and silicon carbide composition.
A kind of aforementioned green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that heat-energy recovering apparatus connection heat accumulation dress
It puts.
A kind of aforementioned green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that green house system novel environment friendly
Material is assembled, and Novel environment-friendlymaterial material includes bamboo and wood base material, straw board.
Aforementioned a kind of green house system from energy balance, which is characterized in that further include solar thermal collector, heat accumulation
Device, wind power generating set, diesel generating set, accumulator group;Diesel generating set is used to supplement supply of electric power;Accumulator group
For storing and discharging electric energy more than needed;Heat-storing device is used to store thermal energy;Integrated energy source management system includes integrated manipulator,
The switching that integrated manipulator switchs for voltage detecting and control, inverter become alternating current circuit, solar energy collection for DC circuit
Hot device connects heat-storing device, and heat-storing device connection heat load, photovoltaic plant and wind power generating set, diesel engine unit connect collection respectively
Into controller, integrated manipulator connection accumulator group, inverter, inverter connection electric loading.
The utility model is beneficial in that:The utility model realizes that building photovoltaic and photothermal integral efficiently utilizes, real
Existing heat utilization rate improves 30%;Develop the photovoltaic fire-proof product suitable for building photovoltaic;Develop bamboo and wood base material, straw board
Green building materials and related mounting technology are waited, promotes the environmental protection, fire prevention, corrosion resistant performance 20% of green building material, realizes repeatable dismounting time
Number no less than 30 times;The utilization of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other of photo-thermal electricity is realized, develops Integrated Energy administrative skill, realizes that efficiency improves 20%.
Specific embodiment
Make specific introduce to the utility model below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, it is as follows that the utility model specifically researches and develops content:
1st, building roof structure and efficiency power generation technology:
Based on solar energy generation technology, research and development building photovoltaic roofing system is mutual to building and photovoltaic module generating efficiency
It influences, realizes the maximization of building photovoltaic efficiency;
2nd, photovoltaic safety and fireproofing technique are built
Since photovoltaic charging equipment is different from traditional generating equipment, once it is on fire, it will catch fire in flakes, to building and equipment
It brings about great losses, based on this, the utility model will develop photovoltaic fire prevention fire prevention and correlation based on building photovoltaic safety
Device product;
3rd, photovoltaic and photothermal comprehensive utilization technique
Research and development building photovoltaic and photothermal integral and heat recovery technology application, improve heat utilization rate;
4th, the energy management technology provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other:
Based on existing energy-storage battery and electric automobile charging pile technology, research and development light, heat, the multiduty storage of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other of electricity
Energy technology, develops multipotency management and control system, realizes that house production capacity, energy consumption are bidirectional balanced.
5th, new green environment protection building materials(The light steel of bamboo and wood, straw board):
Novel bamboo and wood base material and straw board are researched and developed, instead of traditional steel construction, and assembled construction mode is used, realizes
It is environmentally protective from construction material to process of construction, significantly promote the performances such as environmental protection, fire prevention, mechanics, the corrosion resistant of construction material.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of green house system from energy balance of the utility model includes at least:Photovoltaic plant,
Integrated energy source management system, with electric loading, photovoltaic plant, solar thermal collector connection integrated energy source management system, comprehensive energy
Management system connection electric loading.The utility model is based on the security performance requirement of building photovoltaic, the light that development architecture roofing is applicable in
Flame retardant application technology and product are lied prostrate, realizes that the fire safety of building photovoltaic utilizes.
Fire dangerous situation occurs for photovoltaic plant, particularly builds photovoltaic roof, traditional fire-fighting mode giant
Fire extinguishing, due to the particularity of photovoltaic array system, per se with the up to high voltage direct current of 1000VDC, fire-fights by water, will cause
Fire fighter is in hazardous environment.
It catches fire in face of photovoltaic plant, photovoltaic array be cracked into monolithic element, also without relevant processing side in industry
Method.
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic plant structural topology schematic diagram, and a photovoltaic plant has all multiple generator units i.e. photovoltaic array(Hair
Electric unit), header box(Joining unit), DC power distribution cabinet(Array joining unit), inverter(Inversion power transmission unit)Wait components
Composition.
Fig. 3 is photovoltaic array structural topology schematic diagram, is generator unit by photovoltaic module by a certain number of series connection.
Under certain illumination condition, output both ends are high voltage direct current, and open-circuit voltage is up to 1000VDC.
Fig. 4 is intelligent temperature control photovoltaic cracker, by temperature acquisition mouth 1-5, MCU intelligent cell, electronic switch, PV plate anodes
A, PV plates cathode B is formed.
Photovoltaic array cracker, wherein temperature acquisition mouth 1-5 are arranged in 5 different positions of each piece of photovoltaic module
It puts, when the temperature is changed, 3 roads in 5 tunnels detect temperature anomaly, then MCU intelligent cells carry out calculating judgement, so as to push electricity
Sub switch acts, and link A ends, B ends is opened or closed.
When fire occurs for photovoltaic plant, photovoltaic cracker detects that the part temperatures in system part or region are more than 95
DEG C when, act inside photovoltaic cracker, electronic switch disconnects, and entire photovoltaic array cracks, photovoltaic array is decomposed
The component independent for every piece, makes output voltage drop to safe voltage, and fire fighter is facilitated to put out a fire entire photovoltaic plant.
When fire extinguishing is completed, dangerous situation is excluded after confirming, after regional temperature falls back to 25 DEG C, photovoltaic array is closed connection automatically,
It generates electricity.If after first part acts, power station dangerous situation does not exclude also, and temperature continues to rise, when the temperature of detection is higher than 130
DEG C, second part mechanism starts to act in photovoltaic cracker, permanently cracks photovoltaic array.It, can be in accident after accident excludes
In region, manual reset button, photovoltaic array can be reconnected, and generate electricity by figure two.
Such as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the utility model photovoltaic and photothermal equipment, including generating equipment, heat-energy recovering apparatus and interface element,
Generating equipment includes receiving solar radiation energy and part solar radiation energy is converted into the photovoltaic panel equipment of electric energy, thermal energy
Retracting device is surround by the circulating line for water or the oil-based liquid for being mixed with electrolyte in pipeline and formed, which has one
A water inlet and a water outlet, interface element is between photovoltaic panel equipment and heat-energy recovering apparatus.This technology exploitation
The applicable photovoltaic and photothermal equipment of building substantially increases the transfer efficiency of solar energy, and economical and practical, the popularization for green housing carries
Practicable technical support is supplied.
As shown in attached drawing 5 to attached drawing 7, photovoltaic and photothermal equipment that a kind of building of exploitation is applicable in, including generating equipment, thermal energy
Retracting device and interface element, generating equipment include receiving solar radiation energy and part solar radiation energy are converted into electric energy
Photovoltaic panel equipment, heat-energy recovering apparatus by pipeline be water or be mixed with electrolyte oil-based liquid circulating line surround and
Into there are one water inlet and a water outlets for circulating line tool, and the interface of circulating line is ellipse, and Interface Element, 3 are located at light
Between underlying surface panel device and heat-energy recovering apparatus, interface element is by electrically conductive graphite, carbon fiber, titanium dioxide and silicon carbide composition
Polymer material, which has good heat conductivility, and is not easy to expand.
The utility model develops Novel environment-friendlymaterial material(Bamboo and wood base material, straw board etc.)Manufacture and technology, research and development
The assembled technology of new material, and the influence to building energy consumption carries out real example test;
Bamboo and wood base material (bamboo steel, wooden steel) i.e. heavy bamboo(Wood), it is by being Component units by bamboo beam or fibrosis veneer, by suitable
The plank or square bar that line assembly, gluing, compacting form have good environmental protection, fire prevention, mechanical property, with traditional steel performance
Comparison such as following table one:
Table one:Bamboo and wood base material is compared with traditional steel performance
|
Steel |
Bamboo and wood base material |
Conclusion |
Fire resistance |
15min loses support performance |
Burn 30min loss 19mm in big fire, keeps support performance |
Than steel fire resisting |
Energy-efficient performance |
Thermal resistance value is extremely low |
Thermal resistance value is 400 times of steel |
It is more energy saving than steel |
Environmental-protecting performance |
Large quantity of exhaust gas, dust are generated in steelmaking process |
Production process high in environmental protection, does not generate building waste |
It is more environmentally friendly |
Corrosion resistant performance |
It is perishable |
Corrosion resistance is good |
More resistant to corrosion |
Stalk board of preventing fires uses wheat(Rice)Straw for raw material through crushing, being glued, indifference is mated formation, precompressed, high pressure, cutting edge,
cold plates, maintenance, sanding, grade, are packaged, being put in storage as finished product at stacking, and water resistance is good, can compare favourably with natural boards;Production
Product bright color, even density, heat preservation, sound insulation value are good;The machining properties such as saw, brill, plane, milling, nail are good and are suitable for
Various veneer processings;Fire protecting performance reaches A2 grades.
Such as Fig. 8, a kind of double co-feeding systems of thermoelectricity stored based on wind-light-diesel of the utility model, including solar thermal collector,
Heat-storing device, wind power generating set, photovoltaic plant, diesel generating set, accumulator group, Centralized Controller and inverter;Diesel oil
Generating set is used to supplement supply of electric power;Accumulator group is used to store and discharge electric energy more than needed;Heat-storing device is used to store heat
Energy;The switching that integrated manipulator switchs for voltage detecting and control, inverter become alternating current circuit for DC circuit.Fully profit
Realize that thermoelectricity duplex supplies with wind energy and solar energy, diesel generating set used at the same time can guarantee the stabilization of electric energy supply again,
It can ensure the stabilization of electric energy supply in wind energy and solar energy abundance, can ensure electric power in wind energy and solar power generation abundance
For seasonable, diesel engine unit does not work, while wind energy and solar energy electric power of having more than needed can store accumulator group;In wind energy and solar energy
It generates electricity when cannot meet supply of electric power, is automatically switched by integrated manipulator, accumulator group is made to release the electricity more than needed of storage
Can, while diesel generating set is started to work, to ensure that continual and steady electric power exports.It is filled using solar thermal collector and heat accumulation
It puts, can realize efficiently using for thermal energy, thermal energy storage more than needed is in heat-storing device, in solar energy in solar energy abundance
When hot insufficient, the thermal energy more than needed of storage is released, realizes the uninterrupted utilization of thermal energy.
The utility model research and development building photovoltaic roof technology, explores temperature and cavity heat flow density to component generating efficiency
Anti- Influencing Mechanism realizes organic, the efficient combination of photovoltaic module and building roof, realizes that this experiment of the maximization of generating efficiency is ground
The photovoltaic module for being installed on building roof and component string are studied carefully under some strength and the illumination condition of temperature, with component and roofing
The variation of relative angle and distance, the variation of the heat flow density of cavity and defeated to backboard temperature and component between component and roofing
Go out the influence of power, to determine in practical engineering design and installation utility model, adjust variable to reach component and component
String optimum output power.Solar photovoltaic building integral system technology is researched and developed, it is right for the formation of photovoltaic roof hot-fluid cavity
The influence of photovoltaic module efficiency and building energy consumption carries out real example test, forms temperature efficiency curve and data report
Regulated variable:
1st, angle 1(The relative angle of roofing and component);
2nd, angle 2(Illumination and the incident angle of component);
3rd, spacing(Roofing takes minimum range with taking vertical range during member parallel when angled);
4th, constant temperature circulating water tank temperature;
5th, component count(Optional csun260 polycrystalline, 1 piece or 2 pieces);
6th, environment temperature;
7th, radiation intensity, time;
The utility model focus on a new generation from the research and development of the non-steel assembled green building integrated technology of energy balance and
Using realization building production energy(Production capacity:Photovoltaic and photothermal, with energy:Electric vehicle, household electric loading)Self-balancing and comprehensive energy
Buret is managed(Photo-thermal electricity), bamboo and wood base material(Straw board)Building materials are researched and developed and assembled utilizes, and technology and product have high-performance, zero
It discharges, can generate electricity, multipurpose, quickly can build and repeat the features such as dismounting.It is designed by developing, realizes the standard of green building
Change, modularization, industrialization meet mobile, zero energy consumption(Negative energy consumption), the multiple performances such as environmental protection demand, application field is extensive, must
It will be with huge market potential.
(1)Based on zero energy consumption theory of building, novelty proposes and researches and develops a new generation from energy balance green building house system
System;
(2)It initiates and builds photovoltaic fireproofing technique and equipment research, carry out in a deep going way efficient, safe sharp based on building photovoltaic and photothermal
Use technology;
(3)The initiative development research and development of the non-steel building materials such as bamboo and wood base material and straw board and assembled application;
(4)It is produced based on building and uses energy self-balancing, carry out multipotency comprehensive utilization and management control system exploitation in a deep going way;
The utility model carries out targetedly innovative research and development, when utility model is completed, mainly in following items key
Technology, which is realized, to be broken through:
It realizes that building photovoltaic and photothermal integral efficiently utilizes, realizes that heat utilization rate improves 30%;
Develop the photovoltaic fire-proof product suitable for building photovoltaic;
3rd, the green building materials such as exploitation bamboo and wood base material, straw board and related mounting technology, promote the environmentally friendly, anti-of green building material
Fire, corrosion resistant performance 20% realize that repeatable dismounting number is no less than 30 times;
4th, it realizes the utilization of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other of photo-thermal electricity, develops Integrated Energy administrative skill, realize that efficiency improves 20%;
The basic principle, main feature and advantage of the utility model has been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry
It should be appreciated that above-described embodiment does not limit the utility model in any form, it is all by the way of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation
The technical solution obtained, all falls in the scope of protection of the utility model.