CN207435996U - A kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area - Google Patents
A kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area Download PDFInfo
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- CN207435996U CN207435996U CN201721378411.XU CN201721378411U CN207435996U CN 207435996 U CN207435996 U CN 207435996U CN 201721378411 U CN201721378411 U CN 201721378411U CN 207435996 U CN207435996 U CN 207435996U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, each unit module includes water surface component, underwater components, floating body, fixing device.Four combination laths of water surface component are respectively clamped the end of underwater components using nut, bolt by through hole, form wave absorption main body.Floating body is fixed on by nut, bolt on water surface component along the length direction of combination lath using flexible strapping.Two combination laths of water surface component are connected with fixing device.For the connection between unit module, a fixing device is shared in corresponding position.Shape is gone along with sb. to guard him according to the waters section size of wave absorption and its shape determining unit number of modules and entirety, finally connects this multiple unit module.Have many advantages, such as simple and light, convenient transportation, can Fast Installation and migration, it is repeatable utilize, be at low cost, can set temporarily or for a long time, particularly have to shallow water area long-period wave and efficiently stop and reduction effect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of floating wave absorbers, and long period is efficiently cut down for shallow water area more particularly to one kind
The flexible wave absorber of ripple.
Background technology
Breakwater is seashore, harbour, the common safeguard structure object for resisting off-lying sea wave erosion of harbour.It common are：It passes
System breakwater, curtain wall type breakwater and floating breakwater and other extraordinary breakwater.
Traditional breakwater is after the water-bed ground built and consolidated, with large-scale stone or large-sized reinforced concrete on ground
Block is stacked to more than the water surface from the bottom, builds up firm dam configuration.Its gigantic project, and it is acute with the increase cost of the depth of water
Increase.When the depth of water is very deep or water-bed soil property is soft, it is impossible to build traditional breakwater.Moreover it separates current and exchanges, and destroys
Environment.For environmental protection, achieve the purpose that water quality exchanges and curtain wall type breakwater occurs.Curtain wall type breakwater is attached in the water surface
It is transmission between near wave absorption main body and water-bed fixed basis, current can exchange.Traditional breakwater, curtain wall type breakwater
Water-bed motionless works is affixed to, is not only limited by the depth of water and underwater geological conditions, but also is not suitable for temporarily making in short term
With.
Then there is wave absorption main body to bubble through the water column nearby, using the solid floating breakwater of anchoring or stake.It is flexible fixed
Mode makes it is suitable for deepwater field, and is limited from seabottom geology.It is with above-mentioned traditional breakwater, curtain wall type breakwater it is main
The difference is that wave absorption main body can move.Compared with traditional breakwater, curtain wall type breakwater, floating breakwater has structure
Simply, convenient, at low cost, repeatable the advantages that utilizing, being limited small and environmental protection by use environment is built, particularly suitable for facing
When protection use.
Since the 1970s, there are various Structural Form of Floating Breakwater.According to its wave absorption main body
Design feature, four major classes can be summarized as：Square chest type, float-type, straw mats formula and other special types, respective agent structure
Form is respectively large-scale square chest, large cylinder, waste tire or bamboo raft etc., also has the special types breakwater such as jet, water spray.
In order to increase wave absorption performance, there is additional horizontal or vertical plank frame, downward upright cylinder in wave absorption main body
Structure, the network structure hung, the flexible membrane hung etc..The main body of wave absorption and attached body do not reach the bottom generally.Also
Have it is a kind of head sea side opening in main body, and add energy-dissipating structure in body interior, increase gear wave, wave dissipation effect.
A kind of column water bag wave absorber of existing Bulk plastic film construction floated near the water surface.It is empty during transport
Water bag can stack, and floor space is small, convenience in transport；To after use site, water is filled with pump, makes inside that there is larger pressure, as
Rigid body equally stops wave, substantially reduces cost and difficulty of construction.
But since there are the substantial amounts of current flowing space, wave energy between curtain wall type breakwater and floating breakwater and the bottom
It is easy to penetrate；Especially when the ratio between the wavelength of wave and wave absorption size of main body be more than it is a certain amount of after, wave energy almost penetrates, prevent
Ripple dike fails.If at this point, using the method for increasing breakwater structure size, main body will be caused to become Very large floating structure, very
To big to can not be achieved or become traditional breakwater, the advantage of exposed throughout type and floating breakwater is lost.It is just each at present
For the curtain wall type breakwater of formula various kinds, floating breakwater and other extraordinary breakwater, stop and cut down long-period wave there are phases
When big difficulty, only a small number of documents point out that its breakwater is effective up to the wave of 4~6 seconds for the cycle, and can effectively cut
The breakwater for subtracting the cycle more than 6 seconds waves has not been reported.
And littoral at present, offshore construction environment wave period reaches 6 seconds or more easily；Typhoon is come when attacking, even more fierce wave is surging
My god, such as " day dove " typhoon causes China's bank maximum wave height to surge the corresponding cycle at 10 seconds or so, and the most long period surged surpasses
20 seconds are spent.As it can be seen that can stop that floating breakwater of the cycle 6 seconds or so, even larger period is particularly important, to
Protect aquatic building and embankment and support personnel's security of the lives and property.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, with
General floating breakwater compare have it is simple and light, can Fast Installation and migration, it is repeatable utilize, be at low cost etc. it is excellent
Point can be set temporarily or for a long time, particularly have efficiently stop and reduction effect to shallow water area long-period wave.
Technical solution is used by the utility model solves above-mentioned purpose：Using the structure of unit-modularized combination, often
A unit module includes water surface component, underwater components, floating body, fixing device.Four combination laths of water surface component pass through respectively
Through hole is clamped the end of underwater components using nut, bolt, forms wave absorption main body.Length side of the floating body along combination lath
It is fixed on to using flexible strapping by nut, bolt on water surface component, buoyancy is provided, and ripples is hindered to cross and water surface structure
Part sways movement.Two combination laths of water surface component are connected with fixing device.For the connection between unit module, in phase
Position is answered to share a fixing device.According to the waters section size of wave absorption and its shape determining unit number of modules and whole
Body goes along with sb. to guard him shape, finally connects this multiple unit module.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the water surface component includes four combination laths, each size, structure for combining lath
Form is identical with material；The spacing of adjacent compoboard item, each compoboard item are located at posture near the water surface and position according to wave
Condition determines.Each combination lath is interlocked by two boards part, multigroup through hole is set on plate, for installing nut, spiral shell
Bolt, so as to fixed underwater components.Two lath of centre of four combination laths is not attached to, and in addition adjacent slat is two-by-two by non-parallel
Rigid connection fix.It is taken in four combination laths towards first of off-lying sea and the 3rd, and laths is combined at this two
Both ends installation cylindrical sleeve be connected respectively with fixing device.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the underwater components include the flexible structure of inside and outside two layers of thin, and material is identical.It is flexible
The two ends of structure are equipped with through hole, the through hole of hydrous water surface member, by nut, bolt by underwater components and water surface component
Connection.Outer layer flexible structure is contacted with the bottom, and contact surface is close with water surface surface member width；Internal layer flexible structure is suspended from outer layer flexibility
Within structure.The density of material of underwater components slightly overweights the density of water or addition is similar to weight component, makes it downward in water
Extend.In the appropriate position perforate of outer layer flexible structure, on the one hand contribute to enhance wave dissipation effect, when being on the other hand easily installed
Water enters in flexible structure, accelerates the sinking of flexible structure.The edge of perforate and four edges in outer layer flexible structure are wrapped
Side reinforces, and avoids tearing.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the floating body is capable of providing the inverted trapezoidal object of buoyancy for air bag, foam class.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the fixing device is spud pile, in first of water surface component towards off-lying sea and
The both ends of 3rd combination lath are each to fix a cylindrical sleeve, is sleeved on spud pile.Limiter on spud pile is set, is limited
Cylindrical sleeve moves up and down, so as to limit the position of entire unit module and movement.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, the fixing device is anchor system, first towards off-lying sea of water surface component and
The cylindrical sleeve at the 3rd combination lath both ends is connected respectively with anchor system.
The utility model combines the advantages of floating breakwater and traditional breakwater, wave absorption due to the above structure,
The outer layer flexible structure for the underwater components that main body uses comes into full contact with the bottom, has and is built similar to traditional breakwater from the bottom
The design feature got up, together with water surface component, form floating wave absorption main body, have simple and light, convenient transportation, can be fast
It speed installation and migration, repeatable the advantages that utilizing, is at low cost, can set temporarily or for a long time, particularly to shallow water area long-period wave
With efficient stop and reduction effect.
The result of the campaign done under lab and scatterplot experiment is given below.Campaign result gives transmission
COEFFICIENT KtTables of data.Transmission coefficient KtIt is through the ratio between the transmitted wave wave height of breakwater and incidence wave wave height.Table 1, which gives, is
Arrange the transmission coefficient K of experimenttWith the delta data of kh values, k is incidence wave wave number, and h is the depth of water.
1 transmission coefficient K of tabletWith the variation of kh values
In table 1, kh is zero dimension wave parameter, and value is smaller, and wave period is bigger.H is incident wave height, and L is incidence wave
Long, H/L is incidence wave wave steepness, and wave steepness value is bigger, and wave is more severe.Transmission coefficient Kt, reflect the wave absorption performance of breakwater, transmit
COEFFICIENT KtSmaller, wave absorption performance is better.
The effect of the utility model is analyzed from the data of more than campaign.By the result of the test of minimum value kh=0.94
Actual sea situation is converted to, in trial stretch, corresponding wave period is most long at this time.If the depth of water takes the common shallow water 20m to be
Example, the wavelength of corresponding wave is 133.6m, and the cycle is 10.7 seconds.The cycle is far longer than what current floating breakwater was effectively cut down
The wave period scope of 6 seconds.5~6 grades of sea situations of H/L=0.03 are reduced to 3 grades, wave dissipation effect reaches 75%；By H/L=
0.05 7 grades of sea situations are reduced to 5 grades, and wave dissipation effect reaches 56%；8 grades of sea situations of H/L=0.07 are reduced to 6 grades, wave absorption effect
Fruit reaches 48%.
The result of specific scatterplot experiment will not enumerate herein.Wherein, the cycle is most long, wave dissipation effect is still close to 70%
Experiment be：Wave parameter is kh=0.49, H/L=0.0156, transmission coefficient KtFor 0.32.Actual sea situation is converted to, still
By the depth of water for exemplified by 20m, the wavelength of corresponding wave is 256.1m, and the cycle is 18.99 seconds, and the utility model can be by such long period
Wave is reduced to 3 grades from 5 grades of sea situations.This wave period 18.99 seconds is considerably long, still has 70% to its wave dissipation effect, disappears
Ripple effect is quite efficient.
In more than campaign and scatterplot experiment, the ratio between width B and wavelength L of the utility model：Cycle is 18.99 seconds
When, B/L=0.17, then B=43.5m；When cycle is 10.7 seconds, B/L=0.225, then B=30m.The utility model is by small-sized
The flexible structure of Component composition lath and lightweight thin is formed, and such scale is easily achieved.
Data above illustrates that the utility model has significantly the cycle up to 18-19 seconds surge still in shallow water area
Wave dissipation effect.For the wave that the cycle is small, wave dissipation effect is more preferable.
The utility model can be used for the gear wave and wave absorption of rivers, lake and the shallow water area of ocean, and protection is various waterborne to build
It builds, including port and pier, embankment, scale overwater entertainment place, marine electric field, farm, islands and reefs, runway from wave
It destroys.The provisional protection of offshore construction is can also be used for, typhoon disappears come provisional protection when attacking or the replacement as protected object
Consumption product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the unit module dimensional structure diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the water surface component dimensional structure diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the solid use state stereoscopic schematic diagram of the utility model stake.
Fig. 4 is the use state stereoscopic schematic diagram of the utility model anchoring.
In figure：1. water surface component, 2. underwater components, 3. floating bodies, 4. spud piles, 5. anchor systems, 6. combination laths, 7. pass through
Perforation, 8. nuts, 9. bolts, 10. flexible strappings, 11. cylindrical sleeves, 12. limiters, 13. rigid connections, 14. weight structures
Part, 15. perforates, 16. bound edges.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Using the structure of unit-modularized combination.Each unit module includes water surface component 1, underwater components 2, floating body 3, solid
Determine device.Four of water surface component 1 combination laths 6 respectively by through hole 7 using nut 8, bolt 9 by the end of underwater components 2
Head is clamped, and forms wave absorption main body.Floating body 3 is capable of providing the inverted trapezoidal object of buoyancy for air bag, foam etc., alongst with
Flexible strapping 10 is fixed on by nut 8, bolt 9 on water surface component 1.Two are taken in four combination laths 6 of water surface component 1
It is a to be connected with spud pile 4 or anchor system 5.A cylindrical sleeve 11 is fixed the both ends that this two are combined laths 6 are each, is sleeved on solid
Determine to be connected in stake 4 or with the upper end of anchor system 5.Limiter 12 on spud pile 4 is set, is moved down in limitation cylindrical sleeve 11
It is dynamic；When being positioned using anchor system 5, cylindrical sleeve 11 is connected with anchor system 5.For the connection between unit module,
Corresponding position shares a spud pile 4 or anchor system 5.It is in addition, true according to the waters section size and its shape of wave absorption
Order element module number and entirety go along with sb. to guard him shape, this multiple unit module is connected.
Water surface component 1 includes four combination laths 6, as each size for combining lath 6, structure type with material is
's；Adjacent 6 spacing of compoboard item, each compoboard item 6 are located at posture near the water surface and position is determined according to wave condition.One
Combination lath 6 is interlocked by two boards part, and equipped with multigroup through hole 7, for installing nut 8, bolt 9 with the underwater structure of fixation
Part 2.Two combination laths 6 are not attached among four combination laths 6, and in addition adjacent compoboard item 6 passes through nonparallel rigidity two-by-two
Connection 13 is fixed.It is taken in four combination laths 6 towards first of off-lying sea and the 3rd, and lath 6 is combined at this two
Both ends installation cylindrical sleeve 11 is connected respectively with spud pile 4 or anchor system 5.
Underwater components 2 include the flexible structure of inside and outside two layers of thin, and material is the same.The two ends of flexible structure, which are equipped with, to be run through
Underwater components 2 are connected by hole, the through hole of hydrous water surface member 1 by nut 8, bolt 9 with water surface component 1.The flexible knot of outer layer
Structure is contacted with the bottom, and contact surface is almost wide with water surface component 1；Internal layer flexible structure is suspended within outer layer flexible structure.Under water
The density of material of component 2 slightly overweights the density of water or addition is similar to weight component 14, it is made to extend downwards in water.Outside
On the one hand the appropriate position perforate 15 of layer flexible structure contributes to enhance wave dissipation effect, water enters when being on the other hand easily installed
In flexible structure, accelerate the sinking of flexible structure.The edge of perforate in outer layer flexible structure and four edges are carried out bound edge 16 to add
Gu it avoids tearing.
A pile driving barge, a crane ship is needed to carry out over-water construction during implementation.
Embodiment one
1st, first, the spud pile 4 with limiter 12 is fixed on waters by pile driving barge in designated position.
2nd, simultaneously, the water surface component 1 of unit module, underwater components 2, floating body 3 are assemblied together on the coast.And in the water surface
Two in four combination laths 6 of component 1 are above installed the cylindrical sleeve 11 being connected with spud pile 4.And assemble the unit of needs
Module number.
3rd, then, assembled multiple unit modules are attached on crane ship.
4th, after crane ship arrives at, unit module is hung onto in water, each unit module is made to float over spud pile 4 attached
Closely.
5th, crane ship is reused to sling the end for the combination lath for being mounted with cylindrical sleeve 11 one by one, and by cylindrical sleeve
Cylinder 11 packs into spud pile 4, and is limited device 12 and blocks.
Embodiment two
1st, first, crane ship launches anchor system 5 to waters in designated position.
2nd, 3,4 steps are identical with embodiment one.
5th, reuse crane ship to sling the end for the combination lath for being mounted with cylindrical sleeve 11 one by one, by anchor system
5 are connected with cylindrical sleeve 11.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, it is characterised in that：Using unit-modularized
The structure of combination, each unit module include water surface component (1), underwater components (2), floating body (3), fixing device；Water surface component
(1) four combination laths (6) are respectively pressed from both sides the end of underwater components (2) using nut (8), bolt (9) by through hole (7)
Firmly, wave absorption main body is formed；Floating body (3) passes through nut along the length direction of combination lath (6) using flexible strapping (10)
(8), bolt (9) is fixed on water surface component (1), provides buoyancy, and ripples is hindered to cross and sway fortune with water surface component (1)
It is dynamic；Two combination laths (6) of water surface component (1) are connected with fixing device；For the connection between unit module, in corresponding positions
Put a shared fixing device；It is enclosed according to the waters section size of wave absorption and its shape determining unit number of modules and entirety
Shape is protected, finally connects this multiple unit module.
2. the flexible wave absorber according to claim 1 that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, it is characterised in that：
The water surface component (1) includes four combination laths (6), each combines size, structure type and the material phase of lath (6)
Together；The spacing of adjacent compoboard item (6), each compoboard item (6) are located at posture near the water surface and position is true according to wave condition
It is fixed；Each combination lath (6) is interlocked by two boards part, and multigroup through hole (7) is set on plate, for install nut (8),
Bolt (9), so as to fixed underwater components (2)；The centre two of four combination laths (6) is combined lath (6) and is not attached to, in addition adjacent
It is fixed by nonparallel rigid connection (13) two-by-two to combine lath (6).
3. the flexible wave absorber according to claim 1 or 2 that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, feature exist
In：The underwater components (2) include the flexible structure of inside and outside two layers of thin, and material is identical；The two ends of flexible structure are equipped with and pass through
Perforation, the through hole (7) of hydrous water surface member (1), by nut (8), bolt (9) by underwater components (2) and water surface component (1)
Connection；Outer layer flexible structure is contacted with the bottom, contact surface and water surface component (1) similar width；Internal layer flexible structure is suspended from outer layer
Within flexible structure；The density of material of underwater components (2) slightly overweights the density of water or addition is similar to weight component (14), makes
It extends downwards in water；In the appropriate position perforate (15) of outer layer flexible structure, on the one hand contribute to enhance wave dissipation effect, separately
Water enters in flexible structure when being on the one hand easily installed, and accelerates the sinking of flexible structure；By the side of perforate in outer layer flexible structure
Edge and four edges carry out bound edge (16) and reinforce, and avoid tearing.
4. the flexible wave absorber according to claim 3 that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, it is characterised in that：
Floating body (3) is capable of providing the inverted trapezoidal object of buoyancy for air bag, foam class.
5. the flexible wave absorber according to claim 4 that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, it is characterised in that：
The fixing device is spud pile (4), and lath (6) is combined towards first of off-lying sea and the 3rd in water surface component (1)
Both ends it is each fix a cylindrical sleeve (11), be respectively fitted on spud pile (4)；Limiter (12) is set on spud pile (4),
Limitation cylindrical sleeve (11) moves up and down, so as to limit the position of entire unit module and movement.
6. the flexible wave absorber according to claim 4 that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area, it is characterised in that：
The fixing device is anchor system (5), and water surface component (1) combines lath (6) towards first of off-lying sea and the 3rd
The cylindrical sleeve (11) at both ends is connected respectively with anchor system (5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721378411.XU CN207435996U (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | A kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721378411.XU CN207435996U (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | A kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107558436A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-09 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area |
| CN110231675A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-09-13 | 浙江大学 | A kind of waveguide concealed device and its design method applied to ripples |
| CN114291214A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江舟山群岛新区旅游与健康职业学院、舟山广播电视大学 | Side-falling-prevention water surface floating guardrail device for offshore travelator and protection method |
-
2017
- 2017-10-24 CN CN201721378411.XU patent/CN207435996U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107558436A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-09 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of flexible wave absorber that long-period wave is efficiently cut down for shallow water area |
| CN110231675A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-09-13 | 浙江大学 | A kind of waveguide concealed device and its design method applied to ripples |
| CN114291214A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江舟山群岛新区旅游与健康职业学院、舟山广播电视大学 | Side-falling-prevention water surface floating guardrail device for offshore travelator and protection method |
| CN114291214B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江舟山群岛新区旅游与健康职业学院、舟山广播电视大学 | Side-falling-prevention water surface floating guardrail device for offshore travelator and protection method |
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