CN207419174U - A kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle - Google Patents
A kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structures based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle, including subgrade in permafrost soil zone, along direction is laid with equipped with hard heat-insulated plate inside the subgrade in permafrost soil zone, the hard heat-insulated intralamellar part is equipped with several water grids, and water is filled in each water grid.The utility model is a kind of active subgrade in permafrost soil zone cool-down method, maintenance subgrade in permafrost soil zone thermal stability that can be lasting.
Description
Technical field：
The utility model is related to a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure, more particularly to a kind of based on the more of hydro-thermal Transformation Principle
Year frozen earth roadbed structure.
Background technology：
Frozen soil is that temperature is less than 0 DEG C and the Rock And Soil containing ice.Frozen soil can be divided by the length of its existence time to be frozen in short-term
Soil, frost zone and ever-frozen ground.Wherein, ever-frozen ground accounts for the 21.5% of China's national territorial area, is mainly distributed on China
Qinghai-Tibet Platean, western high mountain and northeast Xing'an Mountains region.In recent years, with China's strategy to develop western regions, development east
The implementations such as northern old industrial bases strategy and the Belt and Road, many built requirement of engineering re-start repair, many new
The requirement of engineering of planning is built in these Permafrost Areas, and the frozen swell and melt settlement problem of Permafrost Area is then to restrict these
Engineering is built and the key of operation security and stability.By taking highway engineering as an example, Qinghai-Tibet Highway is from building the second stage of operation
It safeguards, thaw collapse problem is the principal mode of Qinghai-Tibet Highway freeze injury always, and it is wide cut black newly to plan the Qinghai-Tibet highway built
Bituminous paving, caloric receptivity will be much larger than Qinghai-Tibet Highway, therefore also by face heat absorption after subgrade in permafrost soil zone thaw collapse problem.
As shown in Figure 1, in 1 construction process of subgrade in permafrost soil zone, generally require and mobile layer 4 is in the range of roadbed
Part change filling out, and due to the variation of heat transfer medium and boundary condition, the temperature in mobile layer 4 and permafrost 5 can occur
Redistribution.Wherein, the variation of boundary condition is mainly reflected in the transformation from natural earth's surface to roadbed side slope and ground surface material.
According to boundary-layer principle, heating for left and right side slope can natively be slightly above natural earth's surface, cause the rising of roadbed temperature, more important
Be to be laid in high grade pavement frequently with the heat absorption road surface based on pitch wide cut road surface, it is former according to boundary-layer at this time
Reason, the heating of roadbed temperature boundary-layer will be higher by 3.5 DEG C or so than natural earth's surface, and heat absorption extra at this time and downwards conduction will
The thermal balance in original ever-frozen ground stratum can be broken, accumulative effect will cause temperature rise or part in permafrost 5
Melt, cause the strength reduction in permafrost, roadbed occurs additional consolidation settlement, road is will result in when sedimentation is uneven
There are the freeze injuries problems such as wave, uneven thaw collapse, slump in base road surface.
In the construction process of the Permafrost Areas such as Qinghai-Tibet Highway, Qinghai-Tibet Railway highway engineering, domestic frozen soil scholar proposes
By regulating and controlling heat radiation (sunshade, ecological revetment etc.), regulation and control convection current (block Gravel road base, jackstone roadbed etc.) and regulation and control heat biography
Lead the protection that measures such as (ventilation duct, heat pipe, thermal insulation boards) carry out ever-frozen ground.Wherein, thermal insulation board is due to relatively low heat conduction
Coefficient and it is widely used in subgrade in permafrost soil zone with higher intensity, plays the measure of heat-insulation and heat-preservation.However, due to protecting
Warm plate not only effectively blocks the incoming of top heat in warm season, and also block top cold energy in cold season freezes for many years under roadbed
Incoming in soil base, accumulative effect is to consume the cold energy stored under roadbed in ever-frozen ground as cost, therefore is one
The Permafrost Area roadbed cooling measure of kind passive-type, unendurable maintenance heat stability of embankment.
Utility model content：
It is basic the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle
Principle is to become ice after being undergone phase transition based on water under subzero temperature, and thermal conductivity factor increases about 4 times, so as to cause cold in cold season air
The input more than heat in warm season can be inputted into permafrost under roadbed, the heat absorption of the dark-coloured pavements such as pitch is offset with this
Effect, so as to maintain heat stability of embankment.
The purpose of this utility model is implemented by following technical solution：A kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle
Including subgrade in permafrost soil zone, hard heat-insulated plate, the hard are equipped with inside the subgrade in permafrost soil zone along laying direction for structure
Thermal insulation board is internally provided with several water grids, and water is filled in each water grid.Hard heat-insulated plate is with certain strong
The smaller thermal insulation board of thermal conductivity factor of degree generally has PUR (polyurethane) thermal insulation board, EPS (polystyrene foam) thermal insulation boards and XPS
(expanded polystyrene) thermal insulation board.
The volume for being filled in the water in each water grid is the 92%~93% of the water grid volume.
Wherein water grid is configured in the prefabrication process of hard heat-insulated plate, and the water in each water grid is about water lattice
The 92% of grid volume, each water grid form separate space, and moisture cannot leak.The setting of its water can ensure under positive temperature
Water grid plays heat-insulated effect：Moisture top is occluded air in water grid, and thermal conductivity factor is about 0.025W/mk, substantially
It is close with the thermal conductivity factor 0.03W/mk of hard heat-insulated plate, barrier bituminous paving heat well can be played and be passed to lower part soil
Effect in layer, at this point, the thermal conductivity factor of water is about 0.55W/mk, but due in vertical direction, water in water grid it is upper
Interface does not contact directly with water grid cover board lower bound face, therefore, smaller on the heat transfer influence of vertical direction, is unfavorable for thermal energy
It is incoming.Under the conditions of subzero temperature, the water in water grid undergoes phase transition into ice, and volume increases to 1.09 times, and ice can be full of whole at this time
A water grid, and the thermal conductivity factor of ice is 2.22W/mk, is 4 times of water, is 74 times of air and hard heat-insulated plate, therefore
It is good heat conductor, the cold energy of cold season can be transferred in the mobile layer and permafrost below subgrade in permafrost soil zone, had
Beneficial to the input of cold energy.The accumulative effect of the alternate cold energy of weather changes in temperature is conducive to the counteracting of the endothermic effect on heat absorption road surface, more
The reduction of year-round average temperature in year frozen soil layer and intensity improve, so as to be conducive to maintain the thermal stability of subgrade in permafrost soil zone.
In practical operation, subgrade in permafrost soil zone, the size and arrangement of hard heat-insulated plate and water grid can according to actual condition into
Row theoretical calculation and numerical simulation determine.
The hard heat-insulated plate includes hard heat-insulated plate upper cover and hard heat-insulated plate lower cover, the hard heat-insulated plate upper cover
Bottom is equipped with several upper grooves, and the top of the hard heat-insulated plate lower cover is equipped with lower groove corresponding with the upper groove, described
The groove shapes that upper groove is formed after being fastened with the lower groove are identical with the water grid；Each water grid correspondence is inlayed
In the groove.
The water frame trough of the water grid including open top and the water to match with the open top of the water frame trough
Grid cover board is equipped with annular slot along the top cell wall of the water frame trough, and the bottom of the water grid cover board corresponds to the ring
Shape slot is equipped with annular bolt, and rubber seal ring is equipped on annular bolt；The annular bolt sealing is plugged in the annular
It in slot, is sealed by rubber seal ring so that the water grid cover board is fastened with water frame trough sealing, it is ensured that pure
The leakproofness of water will not leak during constructing and runing.The material of water frame trough and water grid cover board is protected with hard
The material identical of warm plate.
The inner wall of the water frame trough is equipped with water level line, the volume and be filled in each described that the water level line is marked
The volume of the water in water grid is identical, sets water level line that can ensure the accuracy for adding water process.
The advantages of the utility model：Mutually become water volume in warm season ice to reduce, the low heat conductivity energy body of vertical direction air
The heat-blocking action of hard heat-insulated plate is revealed, and has mutually become ice body product increase in cold season water, thermal conductivity factor increase adds hard
The cold energy input action of thermal insulation board, therefore the utility model is a kind of active roadbed cool-down method, maintenance that can be lasting
Heat stability of embankment；And the utility model is simple in structure, convenient for construction.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is 1 overall structure diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 2 is hard heat-insulated plate and water grid disassembled form schematic diagram in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is roadbed geometrical model figure.
Fig. 4 is the initial temperature profile in foundation soil body.
Fig. 5 is Upper Limit of Permafrost position under different operating modes with roadbed construction time-varying relationship figure.
Subgrade in permafrost soil zone 1, hard heat-insulated plate 2, hard heat-insulated plate upper cover 2-1, hard heat-insulated plate lower cover 2-2, upper groove
2-3, lower groove 2-4, water grid 3, water frame trough 3-1, water grid cover board 3-2, annular slot 3-3, annular bolt 3-4, activity
Layer 4, permafrost 5.
Specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1：As shown in Fig. 1~2, a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle, including more
In year frozen earth roadbed 1,1 inside of subgrade in permafrost soil zone is equipped with hard heat-insulated plate 2 along direction is laid with, if hard heat-insulated plate 2 is internally provided with
A water grid 3 is done, water is filled in each water grid 3.The volume for being filled in the water in each water grid 3 is 3 body of water grid
Long-pending 92%, or 3 volume of water grid 93% or for water grid volume 92%~93% between any one
Numerical value.
Wherein water grid 3 is configured in the prefabrication process of hard heat-insulated plate 2, and the water in each water grid 3 is about
The 92% of 3 volume of water grid, each water grid 3 form separate space, and moisture cannot leak.Its water is set under positive temperature
It can ensure that water grid 3 plays heat-insulated effect：Moisture top is occluded air in water grid 3, and thermal conductivity factor is about 0.025W/
Mk, it is basic close with the thermal conductivity factor 0.03W/mk of hard heat-insulated plate 2, barrier bituminous paving heat well can be played
Effect in incoming lower part permafrost, at this point, the thermal conductivity factor of water is about 0.55W/mk, but due to water in vertical direction
The upper interface of water in grid does not contact directly with interface under water grid cover board 3-2, and therefore, the heat transfer of vertical direction is influenced
It is smaller, it is unfavorable for the incoming of thermal energy.Under the conditions of subzero temperature, the water in water grid 3 undergoes phase transition into ice, and volume increases to 1.09
Times, ice can be full of entire water grid 3 at this time, and the thermal conductivity factor of ice is 2.22W/mk, be 4 times of water, be air and hard
74 times of vacuum plate 2, therefore be good heat conductor, the cold energy of cold season can be transferred to the work of 1 lower section of subgrade in permafrost soil zone
In dynamic layer 4 and permafrost 5, be conducive to the input of cold energy.The alternate cold energy of weather changes in temperature adds up effect and is conducive to road of absorbing heat
The counteracting of the endothermic effect in face, the reduction of the year-round average temperature in permafrost 5 and intensity improve, so as to be conducive to maintain more
The thermal stability in year frozen earth roadbed 1.In practical operation, subgrade in permafrost soil zone 1, the size of hard heat-insulated plate 2 and water grid 3
Can theoretical calculation be carried out according to actual condition with arrangement and numerical simulation determines.
A kind of preferred realization method, hard heat-insulated plate 2 include hard heat-insulated plate upper cover 2-1 and hard heat-insulated plate lower cover 2-
The bottom of 2, hard heat-insulated plate upper cover 2-1 are equipped with several upper groove 2-3, and the top of hard heat-insulated plate lower cover 2-2 is equipped with and fovea superior
The groove shapes that slot 2-3 corresponding lower groove 2-4, upper groove 2-3 and lower groove 2-4 are formed after fastening are identical with water grid 3；Often
A correspondence of water grid 3 is embedded in groove.
A kind of preferred realization method, water grid 3 include the water frame trough 3-1 of open top and with water frame trough 3-1's
The water grid cover board 3-2 that open top matches is equipped with annular slot 3-3, water grid along the top cell wall of water frame trough 3-1
The annular slot 3-3 of bottom correspondence of cover board 3-2 is equipped on annular bolt 3-4, annular bolt 3-4 and is equipped with rubber seal ring；Ring
Shape bolt 3-4 sealings are plugged in annular slot 3-3, are sealed by rubber seal ring so that water grid cover board 3-2 and water lattice
Grid slot 3-1 sealings fasten, it is ensured that the leakproofness of pure water will not leak in the construction process.Water frame trough 3-1 and water
The material identical of the material of grid cover board 3-2 and hard heat-insulated plate 2.
The inner wall of water frame trough 3-1 is equipped with water level line, the volume and be filled in each water grid 3 that water level line is marked
Water volume it is identical, set water level line can ensure plus water process accuracy.
A kind of construction method of the subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle, includes the following steps：(1) spread
Set a layer subgrade in permafrost soil zone；(2) prefabricated hard heat-insulated plate；(3) it is laid with above lower floor's subgrade in permafrost soil zone prefabricated hard
Vacuum plate；(4) upper strata subgrade in permafrost soil zone is laid with above hard heat-insulated flaggy；Wherein,
(2) prefabricated hard heat-insulated flaggy：Prefabricated water frame trough 3-1 bottoms are corresponded to inlay into hard and be protected by the first step
In the lower groove 2-4 of warm plate lower cover 2-2；Second step is filled in water frame trough 3-1 at water level line；3rd step inserts annular
Pin 3-4 sealings are plugged in annular slot 3-3 so that water grid cover board 3-2 and water frame trough 3-1 sealings fasten, and form one
Independent water grid 3；4th step, the upper groove 2-3 of hard heat-insulated plate upper cover 2-1 bottoms is corresponding with corresponding lower groove 2-4
It fastens, 3 top of water grid is embedded in corresponding upper groove 2-3；5th step, the bottom of hard heat-insulated plate upper cover 2-1 and hard
It seals and pastes at the top seam of thermal insulation board lower cover 2-2.
In hard heat-insulated plate 2 be used for install water grid 3 headspace can production when according to the size being pre-designed into
Row production, shoulder part can scene progress.
Embodiment 2：For the utility model principle, the present embodiment has carried out numerical simulation using finite element method, and gives
Calculating process and result are gone out：
1st, governing equation
Based on Fourier's heat transfer law and energy conservation equation, can obtain shown in two-dimensional heat equation such as formula (1)：
In formula：ρ is soil body density；C regards specific heat capacity for subgrade soil, as shown in formula (2)；T is any point temperature in the soil body
Degree；λ is soil body apparent heat conductivity, as shown in formula (3)；T is the time；(x, y) is coordinate points.
In view of the soil body, specific heat capacity and the frozen state of thermal conductivity factor and soil have direct relation in frozen-thaw process, wherein
The specific heat capacity of soil can be influenced be subject to soil body phase transformation and unfrozen water content change procedure, therefore be can be used and considered that the soil body of phase transformation regards
The computational methods of specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity factor are as follows：
In formula：L is the latent heat of phase change of water；Cu、CfTo melt the specific heat of soil and frozen soil；λu、λfRespectively melt native and frozen soil lead
Hot coefficient, W, WuThe respectively total moisture content and unfrozen water content of frozen soil, Tp、TbThe respectively violent phase change zone Lower and upper bounds of frozen soil
Temperature value.
2nd, computation model
2.1 geometrical model
Geometrical model figure is the geometry of the targeted entity of numerical computations, since roadbed is believed that along extending direction
It remains unchanged, therefore three-dimensional problem can be reduced to plane problem and calculated, one cross section of roadbed is taken to be calculated, simultaneously
Roadbed belongs to symmetrical structure on road center line, therefore desirable half range roadbed cross section is calculated, result of calculation and threedimensional model
Result of calculation is identical, but this modeling method can significantly reduce calculation amount.The present embodiment is to Permafrost Area roadbed
During highly studying, without considering Slopes effect, it is believed that take subgrade cross section model symmetrical on center line, therefore take
Roadbed half is calculated, geometrical model as shown in Fig. 3, wherein, L1 is half range bituminous paving, and width is taken as 5m；L2 is roadbed
Side slope, ratio of slope 1: 1.5；L3 is natural earth's surface, and width is taken as 30m；L6 is roadbed center line, is symmetrical border, and depth is taken as
30m；L4 is adiabatic boundary, and depth is identical with L6；L5 is lower boundary, is heat flow density border, and width is of same size with coboundary.
2.2 initial BVP conditions
2.2.1 primary condition
Foundation soil body natural temperature is the Temperature Distribution in stratum under no subgrade engineering disturbed conditions, i.e., temperature is with depth
The changing rule of degree, which is that long-term cold cycling effect is lower under specific formation condition, to be formed, and its underpart temperature is basicly stable, on
Portion's temperature changes with temperature Change.Primary condition is 5 DEG C of temperature when the present embodiment gives roadbed construction in calculating process
Then degree is calculated under given boundary value condition, when temperature annual variation tends towards stability into ground, obtained in foundation soil body
Initial temperature profile as shown in Figure 4 ((construct generally in July by the temperature for having chosen the July after cold and hot variation in 480 years is stablized
Part).Fig. 4 curves are used cubic spline curve by the initial temperature field of below ground during Numerical Temperature calculates after roadbed is built
It is fitted, and inputs in finite element software；Roadbed initial temperature gives 5 DEG C.Meanwhile to the temperature field in 1 year the 480th year
It is analyzed, the natural permafrost table that can obtain ever-frozen ground is below ground 2.1m (November that the corresponding time is the 480th year).
2.2.2 boundary condition
Coboundary (L1, L2 and L3)：Coboundary is given temperature boundary condition, according to Qinghai-Tibet temperature Change situation,
Computation model border climate simulation situation can be fitted to sinusoidal form, as shown in Equation 4：
In formula：T is temperature value (DEG C)；T0For average temperature of the whole year, happy ridge area is -4.79 DEG C；Δ T increases for boundary-layer
Temperature, bituminous paving L1 are 6.5 DEG C, and side slope of embankment L2 is 4.0 DEG C, and natural earth's surface L3 is 2.5 DEG C；A is boundary temperature year amplitude, is dripped
Blue or green road surface L1 is 14.5 DEG C, and side slope of embankment L2 is 13.2 DEG C, and natural earth's surface L3 is 11.5 DEG C；T is the time (h)；To calculate just
Beginning phase, represents July.
Right boundary (L4 and L6)：Two borders are x directions thermal insulation border, as shown in formula 5：
-nxQ=0 (5)
In formula：nxFor the direction vector in x directions；Q is heat flux.
Lower boundary (L5)：Lower boundary L5 is heat flux border, as shown in Equation 6：
-nyQ=0.03W/m2 (6)
In formula：nyFor the direction vector in y directions；Q is heat flux.
2.3 calculating parameter
It calculates area and is located at Qinghai-Tibet Platean, master horizon has 4 layers, is respectively cobble sandy loam, gravelly sand, Asia downwards from earth's surface
Clay and sandstone folder mud stone, embankment filled soil is land pebble.Each soil layer and hard heat-insulated plate, the basic physics ginseng of empty gas and water (ice)
Number is as shown in table 1.
1 soil layer physical parameter of table
Material calculation is 3d, calculates 50a altogether, and analysis highway subgrade is built the situation of change of roadbed temperature field in 50a, calculated
Operating mode is respectively that any measure is not used, take common thermal insulation board measure and uses the utility model measure, is extracted after calculating
The position of the ever-frozen ground stabilization upper limit is analyzed in 1a, 2a, 5a, 10a, 20a and 50a after roadbed construction.Upper Limit of Permafrost
It is boundary position when mobile layer is most thick in 1 year between mobile layer and permafrost, although the thickness of mobile layer is with temperature
Variation can change, but the position of Upper Limit of Permafrost is metastable, but when Engineering Disturbance, additional heat
Input can cause Upper Limit of Permafrost to move down, and permafrost melts, and roadbed loses thermal stability, therefore, engineering
In often as index analysis heat stability of embankment.
3rd, result of calculation is analyzed
The Upper Limit of Permafrost position of gained is calculated under three kinds of different operating modes with relation such as Fig. 5 institutes of roadbed construction time
Show.As can be seen that after 3m roadbed constructions, in the case where not taking any measure, 1a Upper Limit of Permafrost exists just
30m, i.e. landscape position, behind rapid decrease, Upper Limit of Permafrost position declines up to 1.7m compared with initial position in 50a；And it adopts
After taking thermal insulation board measure, Upper Limit of Permafrost increases in 1a, about 1.35m, but still decline over time
It is more, decline up to 1.2m compared with initial position substantially close to landscape position, Upper Limit of Permafrost after 50a；And use this practicality new
During type, it is only initially relatively 0.6m, and Upper Limit of Permafrost remains above natural earth's surface after 50a that the Upper Limit of Permafrost in 50a, which declines,
0.8m or so.Therefore, the utility model has bright in terms of lifting Upper Limit of Permafrost, raising subgrade in permafrost soil zone thermal stability
Aobvious effect.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model only, is not intended to limit the utility model, all at this
Within the spirit and principle of utility model, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements are made should be included in the utility model
Protection domain within.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle, which is characterized in that it includes subgrade in permafrost soil zone, institute
It states along direction is laid with equipped with hard heat-insulated plate inside subgrade in permafrost soil zone, the hard heat-insulated intralamellar part is equipped with several water lattice
Grid are each filled with water in the water grid.
2. a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fill out
The volume for filling the water in each water grid is the 92%~93% of the water grid volume.
3. a kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In the hard heat-insulated plate includes hard heat-insulated plate upper cover and hard heat-insulated plate lower cover, the bottom of the hard heat-insulated plate upper cover
Equipped with several upper grooves, the top of the hard heat-insulated plate lower cover is equipped with lower groove corresponding with the upper groove, the fovea superior
The groove shapes that slot is formed after being fastened with the lower groove are identical with the water grid；Each water grid correspondence is embedded in institute
It states in groove.
A kind of 4. subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
The water grid cover board stated the water frame trough of water grid including open top and matched with the open top of the water frame trough, edge
The top cell wall of the water frame trough is equipped with annular slot, and the bottom of the water grid cover board corresponds to the annular slot and is equipped with ring
Shape bolt；The annular bolt sealing is plugged in the annular slot so that the water grid cover board and the water frame trough
Sealing fastens.
A kind of 5. subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute
The inner wall for stating water frame trough is equipped with water level line, the volume and be filled in each water grid that the water level line is marked
The volume of the water is identical.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109695188A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-30 | 内蒙古大学 | A kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure and its construction method based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle |
| CN111877073A (en) * | 2020-07-26 | 2020-11-03 | 复旦大学 | Protective heat protection structure and method for frozen soil roadbed |
-
2017
- 2017-10-24 CN CN201721379969.XU patent/CN207419174U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109695188A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-30 | 内蒙古大学 | A kind of subgrade in permafrost soil zone structure and its construction method based on hydro-thermal Transformation Principle |
| CN111877073A (en) * | 2020-07-26 | 2020-11-03 | 复旦大学 | Protective heat protection structure and method for frozen soil roadbed |
| CN111877073B (en) * | 2020-07-26 | 2021-09-28 | 复旦大学 | Protective heat protection structure and method for frozen soil roadbed |
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