CN207386843U - A kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function - Google Patents
A kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function Download PDFInfo
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- CN207386843U CN207386843U CN201721216822.9U CN201721216822U CN207386843U CN 207386843 U CN207386843 U CN 207386843U CN 201721216822 U CN201721216822 U CN 201721216822U CN 207386843 U CN207386843 U CN 207386843U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function; including bottom plate, backing plate, pressing plate, gas box, copper coin, front end-plate, end plate, fast ram pressure and briquetting; left gas box and right gas box are placed in parallel on bottom plate working face; the left gas box and the opposite side of right gas box are distributed with multiple rows of outlet aperture; the another side of left gas box and right gas box is both provided with air inlet; inert gas is inputted from air inlet; through gas box internal cavity, it is discharged into from outlet aperture in back of the body protection air drain;Workpiece to be welded is placed in copper coin upper surface, and weld seam is overlapped with back of the body protection air drain center line, and workpiece both ends press upper holder block and pass through fast ram pressure and constrained respectively.It can not only carry on the back the flowing of protection air drain internal gas by controlling; reach purpose the defects of improving root of weld shaping, the splashing of the control molten bath back side and undercut, also can simply and effectively meet the frock requirement of laser welding butt-welding fitting precision, have compact-sized; assembly precision is high, adapts to different plates.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function, belong to laser welding skill
Art field.
Background technology
Laser Welding is a kind of welding side of the high-efficiency and precision welded using the laser beam of high-energy density as heat source
Method.Laser Welding has very important effect for the welding of some special materials and structure, and this welding method is in aviation
Application in the high-technology fields such as space flight, electronics, automobile making, nuclear industry is increasing.Thin plate docks or bridging arrangement exists
Aircaft configuration, Ship Structure, vehicle structure etc. application are wider.However, the laser welding technique for applying carried out at present is only noted
Meaning ignores the back-protective for full penetration type weld seam to the positive protection of laser welded seam, for some specific alloy materials
(titanium alloy), in the case of through welding, back of weld metal easily reacts to each other with elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, the nitrogen in air, generation
Other materials so as to cause weld seam metallurgical imperfection, and seriously affect final weld properties, laser welding process are made to fail,
Therefore it is of crucial importance for the back-protective of full penetration type weld seam.In addition, during full penetration, back-protective air-blowing gas
The difference of mode can change the surface tension and Source of molten bath root, and so as to influence back of weld shaping, blowing method is not
When the splatter that can cause back of weld adhesion increases and the root of weld is caused to be also easy to produce undercut defect, therefore using suitable
The back of the body protection blowing method it is also extremely critical.
At present, it is common that there is the used back of the body protected mode of back of the body defencive function fixture for laser welding to be blown for copper pipe bottom
Gas, there are following problems for the type fixture:1. by the way of copper pipe bottom blowing, the back of the body protection air-flow stream at the molten bath back side
Speed is fast, uneven and disturbance is larger, and protection air-flow vertical component is big, strong to the impact effect in aperture and molten bath, destroys aperture
Stress balance causes the continuous vibration of hole shape, and it is uneven in turn result in the unstable and appearance of weld in molten bath, even
Larger undercut defect can be generated;In addition, the imperfect flow of protective gas increases molten bath root heat in back of the body protection air drain
It scatters and disappears, influences the liquid metal surface tension flowing of the root of weld, so as to which the liquid metal for being unfavorable for molten bath center is spread to both sides
Exhibition, causes back of weld molten wide to be reduced;2. copper pipe and workpiece spacing are small, laser beam is irradiated to copper pipe table during full penetration
It is reflected towards molten bath root, the laser beam Source of reflection causes to weld in metallic vapour kickback pressure caused by the root of molten bath
Seam back side splashing quantity increases, and since the back of the body protects air drain narrow space splatter limited space, more metals fly
Spatter is connected to weld seam and its surrounding base material;3. copper pipe is chronically exposed to easily ablated under laser beam irradiation;4. back of the body protection air drain
Size, which immobilizes, can not parameterize adjusting.Therefore, for full penetration type weld seam, in order to which the back of the body is controlled to protect air drain interior air-flow not
Uniform Flow reduces scattering and disappearing for molten bath heat, improves back of weld forming defects, avoids ablation of the laser to back of the body protective device,
Realize that the parametrization of air drain size is adjusted, it is necessary to design rational fixture for laser welding to solve problems.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of swashing with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function
Flush weld connection device leads to the back of the body protective device using side-blown mode, realizes the control to back-protective air-flow, inert gas passes through
The uniformly distributed suction nozzle of back of the body protection gas box enters, through gas box internal cavity reduced velocity flow, from the how equally distributed multiple rows of aperture of quantity
Level blowout, gas flow rate is slow and uniform, unknown to the momentum impact effect in molten bath since the vertical component of air-flow is smaller
It is aobvious, be conducive to maintain the aperture stress balance in Laser Deep Penetration Welding, molten bath is made to keep stablizing and being formed in process of setting
Uniform weld seam;And uniform lateral gas flow makes molten bath back side heat scatter and disappear less, high insulating effect, is conducive to molten bath root liquid
Metal is sprawled to weld seam both sides, has both been added back of weld width and has been also reduced undercut tendency.In addition, it uses the side blown type back of the body to protect
Shield mode compared to copper pipe bottom blowing mode, is more advantageous to melting by influencing root of weld solid-liquid-gas three phase boundary tension
Pond root liquid metal is sprawled to weld seam both sides, so as to reduce the undercut of root of weld tendency;Compared in back of weld cloth
High reflectance copper pipe is put, the fixture of the utility model can effectively subtract effect of the transonic laser beam to molten bath root, so as to subtract
Small molten bath root metal steam kickback pressure, therefore back of weld splashing quantity is reduced, while the increase of protection air drain space is carried on the back, it melts
The splatter that the pond back side generates more is flown below air drain, therefore adheres to the splatter around weld seam and its base material
Quantity is reduced, and achievees the purpose that improve face of weld quality;It can be to avoid laser to the back of the body using the back of the body defencive function of side-blown mode
The ablation problem of protective device;Back of the body protection air drain width can realize flexible modulation.
The utility model not only can by control carry on the back protection air drain internal gas flowing, reach improve the root of weld into
Shape controls the defects of splashing of the molten bath back side and undercut purpose, also can simply and effectively meet the work of laser welding butt-welding fitting precision
Reload request has the advantages that compact-sized, assembly precision is high, adaptation different plates.In addition, the utility model is suitable for automobile
The laser of the various industry manufacture fields such as plate, deck of ship, aircraft deck, cold hot rolled plate, aerospace special titanium alloy plate
Welding tooling requirement.
In order to realize the utility model, which employs following technical solutions:
It is a kind of with side-blown gas the back of the body defencive function fixture for laser welding, including bottom plate, backing plate, pressing plate, gas box, copper coin,
Front end-plate, end plate, fast ram pressure and briquetting, the backing plate include left backing plate and right backing plate, the pressing plate include left pressing plate and
Right pressing plate, the gas box include left gas box and right gas box, and the copper coin includes left copper coin and right copper coin, left pressing plate and right pressing plate point
It is not placed in accordingly on left backing plate and right backing plate, left gas box and right gas box are placed in parallel on bottom plate working face, after assembling
Left backing plate and left pressing plate are placed on the bottom plate working face on the left of left gas box, and the right backing plate and right pressing plate after assembling are placed in right gas box
On the bottom plate working face on right side;Left copper coin and right copper coin are fixed in the upper surface of left gas box and right gas box respectively;Front end-plate is with after
End plate is separately fixed at bottom plate both ends, and the first bolt is through front end-plate, the second bolt through end plate to left gas box and right gas box
It is constrained;It is characterized in that:It is back of the body protection air drain, left gas box and the opposite side of right gas box between the left gas box and right gas box
Face is distributed with multiple rows of outlet aperture, and the another side of left gas box and right gas box is both provided with air inlet, and inert gas is from air inlet
Mouth input through gas box internal cavity, is discharged into from outlet aperture in back of the body protection air drain;Workpiece to be welded is placed in copper coin upper surface, weld seam
It is overlapped with back of the body protection air drain center line, workpiece both ends press upper holder block and pass through fast ram pressure and constrained respectively.
Further, the bottom plate both ends are respectively arranged with riser, there is bolt hole on riser, and the first bolt passes through front end-plate
Left gas box and right gas box front end are constrained with a riser, the second bolt is through end plate and another riser to left gas box and the right side
Gas box rear end is constrained.
Further, the spacing after the backing plate and pressing plate assemble is adjusted, and the spacing of left gas box and right gas box is adjusted.
Further, the both ends of the bottom plate are symmetrically provided with 2 T-slots, the side of the vertical portion of T-slot
To the left and right directions parallel to bottom plate, the both ends of backing plate and pressing plate are respectively provided with 1 U-type groove, after assembling, backing plate it is U-shaped
The T-slot position of slot, the U-type groove of pressing plate and bottom plate corresponds to, and can realize the quick fixation between bottom plate and backing plate, pressing plate, left
Spacing between gas box and right gas box can on base plate plane slidable adjustment, the spacing after backing plate and pressing plate assembling can be by T-shaped
Further, backing plate and pressing plate are fixed on bottom plate T-slot to slidable adjustment to slot by bolt through U-type groove on bottom plate working face
On.
Further, the pressing plate is opened with backing plate fitting surface there are one rectangular straight slot, for the quick despatch of workpiece, pressing plate
Upper surface is provided with screw hole, for fixing fast ram pressure.
Further, the gas box is cavity structure, appearance and size 500mm × 60mm × 30mm, cavity wall thickness 5mm, gas
Box one side is provided with the air admission hole of 4 diameter 12mm, and another side is provided with three discharge stomatas, outlet bore dia d=2mm, pitch of holes
10mm, row's spacing 7mm.
Further, the front end-plate and end plate have threaded hole and through hole, and screw passes through threaded hole by front end
Plate and end plate are fixed with bottom plate, and bolt is constrained through through hole for gas box.
Further, the laser weld joint is docking or overlap joint welding, and weld seam is through welding type.
Further, the light source of the laser welding include semiconductor laser, optical fiber laser, disc laser,
All solid state laser, lamp pump solid state laser, carbon dioxide laser and the complex light of any of the above laser and other heat sources
Source.
The technique effect of the utility model is as follows:
(1)By designing the back of the body protective device with side-blown mode, the control to back-protective air-flow is realized.In full penetration
In welding process, the inert gas in back of the body protection air drain is uniformly blown out from two gas box sides, and air-flow vertical component is small, to molten bath
Percussion is small, and molten bath fluctuation reduces, and does not destroy the stress balance of aperture, therefore is conducive to obtain and shapes uniform weld seam;And
And uniform lateral gas flow makes molten bath back side heat scatter and disappear less, high insulating effect, is conducive to molten bath root liquid metal to weld seam
Both sides are sprawled, and have both been added back of weld width and have been also reduced undercut tendency;
(2)By two back ofs the body gas box is protected to protect air drain with the back of the body that bottom plate is formed, can effectively reduce full penetration process
Effect of the laser beam of middle reflection to molten bath root reduces molten bath root metal kickback pressure, flies so as to reduce back of weld
Splash quantity;On the other hand, back of the body protection air drain space increase, the splatter that the molten bath back side generates more fly below air drain
Fall, therefore adhere to the reduction of the splatter quantity around weld seam and its base material, achieve the purpose that improve face of weld quality;
(3)By using the back of the body protective device of side-blown gas, laser beam is effectively prevented during full penetration to gas
The ablation of back of the body protective device inside slot;
(4)Realize the flexible modulation function of back of the body protection air drain width;
(5)The utility model can not only carry on the back the flowing of protection air drain internal gas by controlling, and reach the improvement root of weld
Shaping controls the defects of splashing of the molten bath back side and undercut purpose, also can simply and effectively meet laser welding butt-welding fitting precision
Frock requirement has the advantages that compact-sized, assembly precision is high, adaptation different plates.In addition, the present invention be suitable for Automobile Plate,
The laser welding of the various industry manufacture fields such as deck of ship, aircraft deck, cold hot rolled plate, aerospace special titanium alloy plate
Frock requirement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is gas box structure diagram;
Fig. 4 is base arrangement schematic diagram;
In figure:The left gas box of 1- bottom plates, 2-, the right gas boxes of 3-, the right backing plates of 4-, 5- right pressing plates, the fast ram pressures of 6-, the right copper coins of 7-,
8- briquettings, 9- left pressing plates, the left backing plates of 10-, 11- front end-plates, 12- end plates, the left copper coins of 13-, 14- back of the body protections air drain, 15- air inlets
Mouth, 16- workpiece.
Specific embodiment
There is side-blown gas to carry on the back defencive function one kind of the utility model with reference to specific embodiment and Figure of description
Fixture for laser welding be further elaborated, but the present invention protection content be not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function, including bottom plate, left backing plate and the right side
Backing plate, left pressing plate and right pressing plate, left gas box and right gas box, right copper coin, left copper coin, briquetting, front end-plate, end plate, fast ram pressure
Air drain is protected with the back of the body, left pressing plate and right pressing plate are respectively correspondingly placed on left backing plate and right backing plate, and left gas box is parallel with right gas box
It is positioned on bottom plate working face, the left backing plate and left pressing plate pressing plate after assembling are placed in the bottom plate working face on the left of left gas box
On, right backing plate and right pressing plate pressing plate after assembling are placed on the bottom plate working face on the right side of right gas box;Left gas box and right gas box
Left copper coin and right copper coin are fixed in upper surface respectively;Front end-plate and end plate are separately fixed at bottom plate both ends, and bolt passes through front end-plate
Left gas box and right gas box are constrained with end plate;Back of the body protection air drain, left gas box are formed between the left gas box and right gas box
The side opposite with right gas box is distributed with multiple rows of outlet aperture, and the another side of left gas box and right gas box is both provided with air inlet
Mouthful, inert gas is inputted from air inlet, through gas box internal cavity, is discharged into from outlet aperture in back of the body protection air drain;Workpiece to be welded is put
In copper coin upper surface, weld seam with the back of the body protection air drain center line overlap, workpiece both ends press upper holder block respectively and pass through fast ram pressure into
Row constraint.Bolt fixes backing plate and pressing plate and bottom plate through bottom plate T-slot and backing plate, the U-type groove of pressing plate.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of Fig. 1.Workpiece to be welded is placed in copper coin upper surface, and weld seam is overlapped with back of the body protection air drain center line, work
Part both ends press upper holder block and pass through fast ram pressure and constrained respectively, and workpiece can pass through the rectangle between pressing plate and backing plate fitting surface
Straight slot carries out quick despatch.The spacing of two gas boxes and two backing plates can on bottom plate working face flexible modulation to obtain the optimal back of the body
Protect air drain width.Enter from suction nozzle, protected through gas box cavity from the back of the body for back of the body protection air drain, inert gas immediately below weld seam
The equally distributed aperture blowout in air drain side, welding point is docked for laser and lap joint, and weld seam is full penetration type, is welded
Uniform inert protective gas is persistently exported in journey can prevent that full penetration type back of weld from being aoxidized, control the root of weld splash and
Undercut defect.Part of laser beam is had during full penetration and is transferred to back of the body protection air drain bottom through molten bath, using lateral protection
Mode it is possible to prevente effectively from the laser penetrated to carry on the back protective device scaling loss, it is ensured that device uses steadily in the long term.
From the structure diagram of the gas box of Fig. 3, gas box is provided with 4 air admission holes on one side, and inert gas passes through air inlet
Mouth enters gas box inner cavity and is laterally blown out by equally distributed outlet aperture again.On the one hand uniform lateral gas flow can control molten bath
The disturbance of back side air-flow achievees the purpose that control back of weld splashing and undercut defect;On the other hand, stable inert gas is protected
Shield atmosphere can control scattering and disappearing for back of weld heat, achieve the purpose that increase laser welding fusion penetration.
Fig. 4 is base arrangement schematic diagram.On the one hand the T-slot opened up can be realized fast between bottom plate and backing plate, pressing plate
Speed is fixed, and the length of another aspect T-slot determines the spacing size after two groups of backing plates and pressing plate assembling.
The metal of the component elements such as oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, water sensitivity and nonmetallic materials in air can be fitted for welding material
With.The utility model can be used for thermal conductivity weldering and deep penetration welding, and workable welding light source includes semiconductor laser, optical-fiber laser
Device, disc laser, all solid state laser, lamp pump solid state laser, carbon dioxide laser and any of the above laser and its
The recombination laser welding of its heat source.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function, including bottom plate(1), backing plate, pressing plate, gas box, copper coin,
Front end-plate(11), end plate(12), fast ram pressure(6)And briquetting(8), the backing plate include left backing plate(10)With right backing plate(4),
The pressing plate includes left pressing plate(9)And right pressing plate(5), the gas box include left gas box(2)With right gas box(3), the copper coin bag
Include left copper coin(13)With right copper coin(7), left pressing plate(9)And right pressing plate(5)Respectively correspondingly it is placed in left backing plate(10)With right backing plate
(4)On, left gas box(2)With right gas box(3)It is placed in parallel in bottom plate(1)On working face, the left backing plate after assembling(10)An and left side
Pressing plate(9)It is placed in left gas box(2)The bottom plate in left side(1)On working face, the right backing plate after assembling(4)And right pressing plate(5)It is placed in
Right gas box(3)The bottom plate on right side(1)On working face;Left gas box(2)With right gas box(3)Upper surface fix left copper coin respectively
(13)With right copper coin(7);Front end-plate(11)And end plate(12)It is separately fixed at bottom plate(1)Both ends, the first bolt pass through front end
Plate(11), the second bolt pass through end plate(12)To left gas box(2)With right gas box(3)It is constrained;It is characterized in that:The left side
Gas box(2)With right gas box(3)Between for the back of the body protection air drain(14), left gas box(2)With right gas box(3)Opposite side is distributed with
Multiple rows of outlet aperture, left gas box(2)With right gas box(3)Another side be both provided with air inlet, inert gas is defeated from air inlet
Enter, through gas box internal cavity, back of the body protection air drain is discharged into from outlet aperture(14)It is interior;Workpiece to be welded(16)Copper coin upper surface is placed in,
Weld seam and back of the body protection air drain(14)Center line overlaps, workpiece(16)Upper holder block is pressed respectively in both ends(8)And pass through fast ram pressure(6)Into
Row constraint.
2. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
State bottom plate(1)Both ends are respectively arranged with riser, there is bolt hole on riser, and the first bolt passes through front end-plate(11)With a riser to a left side
Gas box(2)With right gas box(3)Front end is constrained, and the second bolt passes through end plate(12)With another riser to left gas box(2)With
Right gas box(3)Rear end is constrained.
3. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
It states the spacing after backing plate and pressing plate assembling to be adjusted, left gas box(2)With right gas box(3)Spacing be adjusted.
4. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
State bottom plate(1)Both ends be symmetrically provided with 2 T-slots, the vertical portion of T-slot is oriented parallel to bottom plate(1)
Left and right directions, the both ends of backing plate and pressing plate are respectively provided with 1 U-type groove, after assembling, the U-type groove of backing plate, pressing plate it is U-shaped
Slot and bottom plate(1)T-slot position correspond to, can realize bottom plate(1)Quick fixation between backing plate, pressing plate, left gas box and
Spacing between right gas box can on base plate plane slidable adjustment, the spacing after backing plate and pressing plate assembling can be by T-slot the bottom of at
Plate(1)Slidable adjustment on working face.
5. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Spiral shell
Backing plate and pressing plate are fixed on bottom plate by bolt through U-type groove(1)In T-slot.
6. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
Pressing plate is stated to open there are one rectangular straight slot, for workpiece with backing plate fitting surface(16)Quick despatch, pressing plate upper surface is provided with screw
Hole, for fixing fast ram pressure(6).
7. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
It is cavity structure to state gas box, appearance and size 500mm × 60mm × 30mm, cavity wall thickness 5mm, and gas box one side is provided with 4 diameters
The air admission hole of 12mm, another side are provided with three discharge stomatas, outlet bore dia 2mm, pitch of holes 10mm, row's spacing 7mm.
8. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
State front end-plate(11)And end plate(12)Threaded hole and through hole are had, screw passes through threaded hole by front end-plate(11)And rear end
Plate(12)With bottom plate(1)Fixed, bolt is constrained through through hole for gas box.
9. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute
The laser weld joint stated is docking or overlap joint welding, and weld seam is through welding type.
10. a kind of fixture for laser welding with side-blown gas back of the body defencive function according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The light source of the laser welding includes semiconductor laser, optical fiber laser, disc laser, all solid state laser, lamp pump
The composite light source of solid state laser, carbon dioxide laser and any of the above laser and other heat sources.
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