CN207351563U - A kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral Download PDFInfo
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- CN207351563U CN207351563U CN201721260936.3U CN201721260936U CN207351563U CN 207351563 U CN207351563 U CN 207351563U CN 201721260936 U CN201721260936 U CN 201721260936U CN 207351563 U CN207351563 U CN 207351563U
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- infrared
- infrared multispectral
- temperature
- multispectral
- temperature measurement
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral, and described device includes infrared multispectral sensor group and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；The infrared multispectral sensor group includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors arranged evenly, and each infrared multispectral sensor is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of collection vehicle wheel shaft surface single target point；The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used to obtain the temperature of each target point according to the multispectral radiation intensity data of each target point.Measured by the high speed of infrared multispectral, multiple target point, realize the high-acruracy survey of motion wheel axle temperature, suitable for wheel shaft slin emissivity it is unknown or become slin emissivity condition, multiple spot regional temperature non-contact forecasting, overcome the confinement problems that existing wheel shaft radiant thermometric technology is limited to unknown slin emissivity and temperature distributing measuring.
Description
Technical field
Vehicle axle temperature field of measuring technique is the utility model is related to, more particularly, to a kind of based on infrared multispectral
Vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device.
Background technology
Urban track traffic is the backbone of urban public transport, is the lifeline engineering in city.China's city rail is handed over
Logical development is quick, and by 2016, the whole nation shared 30 cities and opens rail line.Passenger Flow in Urban Rail Transit is big,
Personnel concentrate, and consequence caused by breaking down and influence will be extremely serious.The operation security of urban track traffic is that city is public
Safety pith, rail transportation operation mileage increase substantially and passenger flow increase, brought safely to rail transportation operation
Enormous pressure, this will also propose the essential safety of urban track traffic operating facilities and facility the standard requirement of higher.
The vehicle of track traffic is the core equipment of operation, and in the process of running, bearing produces heat due to friction to vehicle
Amount, when Bearing inner failure, can aggravate friction, bearing temperature jumps, and forms hot axis, causes to cut axis when serious, makes fortune
Vehicle in row has the danger overturned, and operation driving will be given to bring potential substantial risk.To prevent axle temperature is excessive from leading
Serious accident is caused, the on-line measurement of vehicle axle temperature will be very important, dynamic monitoring vehicle bearing temperature, to realize heat
Axle temperature degree tracks and forecast.
The temperature transducer being commonly used includes two classes, and one kind is the temperature transducers of the domestic semiconductor thermometric used
Device, another kind of is the temperature fuse used by foreign countries in EMU is introduced.The wherein temperature sensor of semiconductor thermal detector
The advantages of be that can obtain temperature value, host is transferred to by serial communication mode, so as to fulfill real-time temperature data acquisition,
Observed easy to vehicle management personnel, grasp reference data of the wheel bearing in normal operation, additionally it is possible to become by bearing temperature
Change curve to judge the initial failure hidden danger of vehicle bearing；But shortcoming be due to thermal detector principle complexity, exist easily break down,
Temperature reports equivalent risk by mistake；And temperature fuse is after vehicle axle temperature reaches design temperature, melt its solution by heat, from
And the control circuit of vehicle is disconnected, its shortcoming is then bearing temperature value when cannot show normal operation, vehicle management personnel
The operating status of bearing can not be understood in real time, and temperature fuse, once fusing, whole vehicle will be out of service, will lead
Cause huge economic loss.
Further, since in vehicle operation, wheel bearing position can be subject to very strong vibration, and whether semiconductor is surveyed
The shaft temperature sensor of temperature, or temperature fuse, internal electric elements all can cause to use the longevity because being subject to strong vibration
Life shortens, and jeopardizes the traffic safety of vehicle, also increases the operation expense of locomotive.
Utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of one kind for overcoming the above problem or solving the above problems at least in part based on red
Outer multispectral vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device, solves in the prior art due to causing to use because being subject to strong vibration
The lost of life, easily break down, temperature wrong report the problem of.
One side according to the present utility model, there is provided a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device, including infrared multispectral
Sensor group and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；
The infrared multispectral sensor group includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors arranged evenly, described each infrared
Multispectral sensor is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of collection vehicle wheel shaft surface single target point；
The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used to obtain each target point according to the multispectral radiation intensity data of each target point
Temperature.
As preference, further include single imaging camera lens and multi-core optical fiber；The single imaging camera lens gathers the infrared of target point
Radiate and image in the end face of the multi-core optical fiber, the output terminal of the multi-core optical fiber connects the infrared multispectral sensing respectively
Device.
As preference, the multi-core optical fiber includes multichannel single infrared optical fiber, it is described to be corresponded to per road single infrared optical fiber
It is described to connect an infrared multispectral sensor per road single infrared optical fiber in individually transmission light path.
As preference, the infrared multispectral sensor includes photosensor arrays, the photosensor arrays
For the line array sensor of multiple photoelectric transducer elements composition, the frequency acquisition of each photoelectric sensor is not less than 1MHz.
As preference, the infrared multispectral sensor further includes collimating mirror, grating and focus lamp, the collimating mirror connects
Receive and reflect the infra-red radiation of the single infrared optical fiber transmission, the grating is arranged on the reflected light path of the collimating mirror, institute
Focus lamp is stated on the reflected light path of the grating, the photosensor arrays are arranged on the reflected light path of the focus lamp,
Multiple spectral measurement passages are divided into by the infra-red radiation for transmitting the single infrared optical fiber, make each photoelectric transducer element
A corresponding spectral measurement passage.
As preference, further including cabinet, the cabinet is installed at the roadbed position of wheel hub side, described infrared
Multispectral sensor group is integrated in the cabinet, and temperature control and power module, the temperature control and power supply are additionally provided with the cabinet
Module is used to adjust infrared multispectral sensor group temperature and housing temperature.
As preference, the infrared multispectral sensor uses thermoelectric cooling, temperature controlling range is 230K~250K,
The cabinet uses fan cooling, and temperature controlling range is 293K~323K.
The utility model proposes a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral, pass through infrared light more
Spectrum, the measurement of the high speed of multipoint targets, realize the high-acruracy survey of motion wheel axle temperature, suitable for wheel shaft slin emissivity it is unknown or
Become slin emissivity condition, the non-contact forecasting of multiple spot regional temperature, overcome existing wheel shaft radiant thermometric technology and be limited
In the confinement problems of unknown slin emissivity and temperature distributing measuring, while contactless temperature-measuring solves the prior art
In due to causing service life to shorten because being subject to strong vibration, easily break down, temperature wrong report the problem of；Using single-lens
And flexible multiconductor optical fiber, the designing scheme that traditional more camera lenses are directly connected to multisensor is avoided, makes system design more
Simply, structure extension is strong, is realized suitable for the radiant thermometric technology in live small space.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vehicle axle temperature measuring device structure diagram according to the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the infrared multispectral sensor group structure diagram according to the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the infrared multispectral sensor construction schematic diagram according to the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the vehicle axle temperature measuring method flow diagram according to the utility model embodiment.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Below
Embodiment is used to illustrate the utility model, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vehicle axle temperature measuring device is shown in figure, including infrared multispectral sensor group 3 and light
Temperature measurer is composed, as shown in Fig. 2, the infrared multispectral that the infrared multispectral sensor group 3 includes multiple distributed arrangements senses
Device 7, in the present embodiment, the quantity of infrared multispectral sensor 7 are arranged to 5；Each infrared multispectral sensor 7 is used
In the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of 1 surface single target point of collection vehicle wheel shaft；The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used for basis
The multispectral radiation intensity data of each infrared multispectral sensor 7, by radiation temperature measurement algorithm, obtains the temperature of each target point
Degree.Further include display, for showing the temperature of measurement, in this example it is shown that device and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument composition calculate with
Display module 6.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, further including single imaging camera lens 11 and multi-core optical fiber；The single imaging camera lens 11
Gather the infra-red radiation of target point 2 and image in the end face of the multi-core optical fiber, the output terminal of the multi-core optical fiber connects respectively
The infrared multispectral sensor 7.
Specifically, the infrared multispectral sensor 7 includes optical fiber interface 8, the single imaging camera lens 11 includes multichannel light
Fine interface 10, the multi-core optical fiber include multichannel single infrared optical fiber 9, and multi-core optical fiber one end is integrated interface form, with list into
As the multi-channel optical fibre interface 10 of camera lens 11 connects；The other end of multi-core optical fiber is multiplex roles form, respectively with multiple infrared light more
Spectrum sensor 7 connects.It is described to correspond to individually transmission light path, every road single infrared optical fiber 9 per road single infrared optical fiber 9
It is connected to the optical fiber interface 8 of infrared multispectral sensor 7.
In the present embodiment, the infra-red radiation of multiple target points 2 be by single imaging camera lens 11 (can be infrared imaging camera lens),
Multicore infrared optical fiber end face is imaged in, multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7 are transmitted to via multicore infrared optical fiber, using multiple red
Outer multispectral sensor 7, obtains the multispectral radiation intensity of multiple target points 2 respectively, by radiation temperature measurement algorithm, and then obtains
The temperature of multiple target points 2.
Using single imaging camera lens 11, the transmission of multicore infrared optical fiber, distributed 7 integrated system knot of infrared multispectral sensor
Structure, using single-lens and flexible multiconductor infrared optical fiber, realizes distributed radiation temperature measurement, avoids traditional more camera lenses and is passed with morely
The designing scheme that sensor is directly connected to, makes that system design is more simple, structure extension is strong, suitable in live small space
Radiant thermometric technology is realized.
In the present embodiment, cabinet 4 is further included, the cabinet 4 is installed at the roadbed position of 1 side of wheel hub, institute
State infrared multispectral sensor group 3 to be integrated in the cabinet 4, temperature control and power module 5 are additionally provided with the cabinet 4, be red
Outer multispectral sensor group 3 is powered, the temperature control and power module 5 be additionally operable to 3 temperature of adjustment infrared multispectral sensor group and
4 temperature of cabinet.
In the present embodiment, the infrared multispectral sensor 7 uses thermoelectric cooling, temperature controlling range for 230K~
250K, the cabinet 4 use fan cooling, and temperature controlling range is 293K~323K.
In the present embodiment, the cabinet 4 is installed on the roadbed position of 1 side of wheel hub, infrared multispectral sensor
Group 3 aims at the measured target point 2 in wheel hub 1.Due to being passed in infrared multispectral sensor group 3 containing 5 infrared multispectrals
Sensor 7, because the temperature survey of 5 measured target points 2 in wheel hub 1 can be realized, i.e., each infrared multispectral sensing
Device 7 aims at the single target point on 1 surface of wheel shaft, realizes the temperature survey of single target point.
In practical applications, the quantity of infrared multispectral sensor 7 can be not limited to 5.Infrared multispectral sensor 7
Spectral region is 2~15 μm, is measured suitable for middle low-temp radiating, in embodiment, used infrared multispectral sensor 7
Spectral region is 3~5 μm.Infrared multispectral sensor 7 is realized to testing mesh by single imaging camera lens 11 and single infrared optical fiber 9
Punctuate radiation focal imaging measurement, the spectral region Corresponding matching of single imaging camera lens 11 and infrared multispectral sensor 7.
In the present embodiment, it is infrared as shown in figure 3, the infrared multispectral sensor includes photosensor arrays 15
For multispectral sensor 7 using the photosensor arrays 15 with high speed acquisition, the photosensor arrays 15 are multiple light
The line array sensor of electrical sensor units composition, in the present embodiment, the quantity of photoelectric transducer element is 8, practical application
In, photoelectric transducer element quantity is not limited to 8；The maximum frequency acquisition of photoelectric sensor is not less than 1MHz, meets wheel height
Measurement request under fast motion state.
In the present embodiment, the infrared multispectral sensor 7 further includes collimating mirror 12, grating 13 and focus lamp 14, institute
The infra-red radiation that collimating mirror 12 receives and is reflected through single imaging camera lens 11, single infrared optical fiber 9 transmits is stated, the grating 13 is set
In on the reflected light path of the collimating mirror 12, the focus lamp 14 is arranged on the reflected light path of the grating 13, the photoelectric transfer
Sensor array 15 is arranged on the reflected light path of the focus lamp 14, is divided into by the infra-red radiation for transmitting single infrared optical fiber 9 more
A spectral measurement passage, makes each photoelectric transducer element correspond to a spectral measurement passage.
Infrared multispectral sensor 7 includes photosensor arrays 15, and photosensor arrays 15 are by a series of photoelectric transfers
Sensor cell forms, and each sensor unit in array measures an infrared spectrum, the quantity of photoelectric transducer element with it is more
The quantity of spectrum is consistent.
The measurement of infrared multispectral sensor 7 obtains the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of target point, passes through multispectral spoke
Intensity data processing is penetrated, the temperature of target point can be obtained.
In the present embodiment, by arranging multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7, each infrared multispectral sensor 7 aims at
Single target point on 1 surface of wheel shaft, realizes the temperature survey of single target point.
Multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7 correspond to multiple target points on 1 surface of wheel shaft, realize the more of 1 surface of wheel shaft
The distributed satellite systems of a target point；The measurement number of arrangement quantity >=2 of infrared multispectral sensor 7, i.e. target point
>=2.
A kind of vehicle axle temperature measuring method is additionally provided in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, including：
Obtain the infrared multispectral radiation data of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface；
Based on radiation temperature measurement algorithm, the temperature of multiple target points on vehicle axles surface is obtained.
Infrared multispectral measurement refers to the measurement of the infrared multispectral radiation intensity of target point, in the present embodiment, passes through
The infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of target point, with reference to radiation temperature measurement algorithm, calculates the temperature of target point.
Again by multimetering, temperature survey is carried out to multiple target points on vehicle axles surface, passes through each target
The multispectral radiation intensity data of point, calculates the temperature of each target point, so as to obtain multiple target points on vehicle axles surface
Temperature.
As preference, the infrared multispectral radiation data for obtaining the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface specifically includes：
The infra-red radiation information of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface is obtained, by the infra-red radiation information point of each target point
Into multiple spectral measurement passages, the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of each target point is obtained；It is divided by prism, grating etc.
Mode, realizes the multispectral radiant intensity measurement of target point, multispectral quantity >=2.
In the present embodiment, based on radiation temperature measurement algorithm, the temperature for obtaining multiple target points on vehicle axles surface is specific
Including：
Based on spectrum under single target point infrared spectral radiant ionization meter signal at multiple wavelengths and corresponding wavelength
Emissivity characterizes function, obtains the temperature of corresponding target point；
Infrared multispectral radiation data based on multiple target points, obtains the temperature of multiple target points.
As preference, based on single target point infrared spectral radiant ionization meter signal at multiple wavelengths and correspondence
Spectral emissivity characterizes function under wavelength, and the temperature for obtaining corresponding target point specifically includes：
Effective spectral radiance, target optical spectrum emissivity function and right based on the output of each spectral measurement channel measurement
The blackbody spectrum radiation intensity distribution function of wavelength is answered, obtains the measuring signal side of the infrared spectral radiant intensity under multiple wavelength
Journey group；
Data are launched based on the target optical spectrum under different temperatures, wavelength, obtain spectral emissivity function；
Based on spectral emissivity function, the infrared spectral radiant ionization meter signal equation group closing under multiple wavelength is asked
Solution, obtains the temperature of the target point.
Specifically, the basic principle of radiation temperature measurement algorithm is as follows.
The measuring signal of infrared spectral radiant intensity under N number of wavelength is expressed as：
Vi=εiIb(λi, T), i=1 .., N
Wherein, T is target temperature, is unknown quantity；N is the quantity of the spectral wavelength of multispectral survey, is known quantity；λiIt is
The measurement wavelength of i-th of spectral measurement passage, is known quantity；ViBe i-th spectral measurement passage measurement output it is effective
Spectral radiance, to measure known quantity；εiRepresent that (i.e. wavelength is λ in i-th of spectral measurement passagei) target optical spectrum transmitting
Rate, is unknown quantity；Ib(λi, T) represent in temperature T, wavelength λiWhen blackbody spectrum radiation intensity distribution function, be temperature T,
Wavelength XiFunction, be dependent unknown quantity, can be considered the physical quantity determined by temperature T.From above formula, in measurement equation
In group, spectral radiance known to shared N number of measurement, correspond to 1 unknown temperatures and N number of unknown emissivity.
The non-intellectual of wheel shaft surface spectrum emissivity is the key influence factor that radiation temperature accurately measures, and this patent uses
Spectral emissivity function characterizes, and the mode of the advance data of spectral emissivity, to realize high-precision temperature survey.
Spectral emissivity can use the relevant simple mathematical function of wavelength to describe, such as linear function, exponential function, multinomial
Formula function etc..Wherein, it is common spectral emissivity characterization function to have two-parameter exponential function, such as：
ε=exp (a+b λ)
Wherein (a, b) is two undetermined parameters in above-mentioned spectral emissivity function.
Undetermined parameter in emissivity function is required unknown quantity, and the undetermined parameter number in emissivity function should not
More than N-1.Based on measurement equation group and spectral emissivity function, multispectral radiant intensity measurement equation group meets that mathematics closing is asked
Solution condition, passes through the optimization algorithms such as least square method, it is possible to achieve the solution of temperature.
Emissivity function is to ensure the necessary condition that equation group temperature solves, to improve temperature solving precision, using transmitting
Rate measurement experiment platform, measures the target optical spectrum emissivity data under different temperatures, wavelength in advance.Emissivity measurement experimental bench,
Defined based on emissivity, black matrix comparison method or Kirchhoff's law can be used, measure emissivity.Although known spectra emissivity
Data, but during wheel shaft long-play, sample surfaces state can change, and cause under mutually synthermal, wavelength condition
Backs and the emissivity data that measure in advance there may be certain deviation, but the deviation amplitude is limited, and not shadow
The regularity of distribution of spectral emissivity is rung, therefore the emissivity data measured in advance are assigned to certain change boundary, such as ±
50%, as the constraints of above-mentioned multispectral radiation intensity solving equations, surveyed with improving the radiation based on emissivity function
Warm precision.Above-mentioned is the basic principle of wheel shaft surface multispectral thermometry algorithm.
In conclusion the utility model proposes a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral, pass through
The high speed measurement of infrared multispectral, multipoint targets, realizes the high-acruracy survey of motion wheel axle temperature, suitable for wheel shaft surface emitting
Rate is unknown or becomes slin emissivity condition, the non-contact forecasting of multiple spot regional temperature, overcomes existing wheel shaft radiation temperature measurement
Technology is limited to the confinement problems of unknown slin emissivity and temperature distributing measuring, while contactless temperature-measuring solves
In the prior art due to causing service life to shorten because being subject to strong vibration, easily break down, temperature wrong report the problem of；Profit
With single-lens and flexible multiconductor optical fiber, the designing scheme that traditional more camera lenses are directly connected to multisensor is avoided, makes system
Design is more simple, structure extension is strong, is realized suitable for the radiant thermometric technology in live small space.
Finally, the method for the utility model is only preferable embodiment, is not intended to limit the protection of the utility model
Scope.Where within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in
Within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that sensed including infrared multispectral
Device group and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；
The infrared multispectral sensor group includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors arranged evenly, each infrared light more
Spectrum sensor is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of collection vehicle wheel shaft surface single target point；
The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used to obtain the temperature of each target point according to the multispectral radiation intensity data of each target point.
2. the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 1 based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that also wrap
Include single imaging camera lens and multi-core optical fiber；The infra-red radiation of the single imaging camera lens collection target point simultaneously images in the multi-core optical fiber
End face, the output terminal of the multi-core optical fiber connects the infrared multispectral sensor respectively.
3. the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 2 based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that described
Multi-core optical fiber includes multichannel single infrared optical fiber, and every road single infrared optical fiber corresponds to individually transmission light path, described every
Road single infrared optical fiber connects an infrared multispectral sensor.
4. the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 2 based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that described
Infrared multispectral sensor includes photosensor arrays, and the photosensor arrays form for multiple photoelectric transducer elements
Line array sensor, the frequency acquisition of each photoelectric sensor is not less than 1MHz.
5. the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 4 based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that described
Infrared multispectral sensor further includes collimating mirror, grating and focus lamp, and the collimating mirror receives and reflects the single infrared light
The infra-red radiation of fibre transmission, the grating are arranged on the reflected light path of the collimating mirror, and the focus lamp is arranged on the grating
On reflected light path, the photosensor arrays are arranged on the reflected light path of the focus lamp, by by the single infrared optical fiber
The infra-red radiation of transmission is divided into multiple spectral measurement passages, each photoelectric transducer element is corresponded to a spectral measurement passage.
6. the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 1 based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that also wrap
Cabinet is included, the cabinet is installed at the roadbed position of wheel hub side, and the infrared multispectral sensor group is integrated in institute
State in cabinet, temperature control and power module are additionally provided with the cabinet, the temperature control is used to adjust infrared multispectral with power module
Sensor group temperature and housing temperature.
7. the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 6 based on infrared multispectral, it is characterised in that described
Infrared multispectral sensor uses thermoelectric cooling, and temperature controlling range is 230K~250K, and the cabinet uses fan cooling, temperature
Degree control range is 293K~323K.
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| CN201721260936.3U CN207351563U (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral |
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| CN201721260936.3U CN207351563U (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2017-09-28 | A kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on infrared multispectral |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107560737A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method based on infrared multispectral |
| CN108975163A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 武汉冶钢结构有限责任公司 | A kind of method of bridge crane wheel group operational safety detection |
-
2017
- 2017-09-28 CN CN201721260936.3U patent/CN207351563U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107560737A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-09 | 清华大学 | A kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method based on infrared multispectral |
| CN108975163A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-11 | 武汉冶钢结构有限责任公司 | A kind of method of bridge crane wheel group operational safety detection |
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