CN107782453A - Vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method based on visible ray and infrared multispectral - Google Patents
Vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method based on visible ray and infrared multispectral Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0022—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/07—Arrangements for adjusting the solid angle of collected radiation, e.g. adjusting or orienting field of view, tracking position or encoding angular position
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0022—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
- G01J2005/0033—Wheel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0077—Imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/10—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using electric radiation detectors
- G01J2005/106—Arrays
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method based on visible ray and infrared multispectral, including infrared multispectral sensor group, linear array visible light sensor and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；The linear array visible light sensor is used to scan the target area treated in vehicle axles where thermometric target point, obtains the visible images of target area；The infrared multispectral sensor group includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors arranged evenly, each infrared multispectral sensor is used for the visible images based on target area and positions the single infrared multispectral radiation intensity data treated the target point of thermometric, and gather the target point；The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data based on the collection of infrared multispectral sensor group and obtains the temperature of each target point.Visual light imaging under being irradiated by active light source, realizes the real-time positioning of wheel shaft thermometric point target, and pass through infrared multispectral, the high speed non-cpntact measurement of multipoint targets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle axle temperature field of measuring technique, and visible ray and infrared light more are based on more particularly, to one kind
The vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method of spectrum.
Background technology
Urban track traffic is the backbone of urban public transport, is the lifeline engineering in city.China's city rail is handed over
Logical development is quick, and by 2016, the whole nation shared 30 cities and opens rail line.Passenger Flow in Urban Rail Transit is big,
Personnel concentrate, and consequence caused by breaking down and influence will be extremely serious.The operation security of urban track traffic is that city is public
Safety pith, rail transportation operation mileage increase substantially and passenger flow increase, brought safely to rail transportation operation
Enormous pressure, this also will propose higher standard requirement to the essential safety of urban track traffic operating facilities and facility.
The vehicle of track traffic is the nucleus equipment of operation, and in the process of running, bearing produces heat due to friction to vehicle
Amount, when Bearing inner failure, friction can be aggravated, bearing temperature jumps, and forms hot axle, causes to cut axle when serious, makes fortune
Vehicle in row has the danger overturned, and operation driving will be given to bring potential substantial risk.To prevent axletree temperature is too high from leading
Serious accident is caused, the on-line measurement of vehicle axle temperature will be very important, dynamic monitoring vehicle bearing temperature, to realize heat
Axle temperature degree tracks and forecast.
The temperature transducer being commonly used includes two classes, and one kind is the temperature transducers of the domestic semiconductor thermometric used
Device, another kind of is the temperature fuse used by foreign countries in EMUs are introduced.The wherein temperature sensor of semiconductor thermal detector
The advantages of be that can obtain Temperature numerical, main frame is transferred to by serial communication mode, so as to realize real-time temperature data acquisition,
It is easy to vehicle management personnel to observe, grasps reference data of the wheel bearing in normal operation, additionally it is possible to become by bearing temperature
Change curve to judge the initial failure hidden danger of vehicle bearing；But shortcoming be due to thermal detector principle complexity, exist easily break down,
Temperature reports equivalent risk by mistake；And temperature fuse is after vehicle axle temperature reaches design temperature, melt its solution by heat, from
And the control circuit of vehicle is disconnected, its shortcoming is then bearing temperature value when can not show normal operation, vehicle management personnel
The running status of bearing can not be understood in real time, and temperature fuse, once fusing, whole vehicle will be out of service, will lead
Cause huge economic loss.
Further, since in vehicle operation, wheel bearing position can be by very strong vibration, whether semiconductor survey
The shaft temperature sensor of temperature, or temperature fuse, internal electric elements all can be because being caused to use the longevity by strong vibration
Life shortens, and jeopardizes the traffic safety of vehicle, also increases the operation expense of locomotive.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of one kind for overcoming above mentioned problem or solving the above problems at least in part and is based on visible ray
With the vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method of infrared multispectral, solve in the prior art due to because by strong vibration
And cause service life shorten, easily break down, temperature wrong report the problem of.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device, including infrared multispectral sensing
Device group, linear array visible light sensor and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；
The linear array visible light sensor is used to scan the target area treated in vehicle axles where thermometric target point, obtains
The visible images of target area；
The infrared multispectral sensor group includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors arranged evenly, described each infrared
Multispectral sensor is used for that the visible images positioning based on target area is single to treat the target point of thermometric, and gathers the target point
Infrared multispectral radiation intensity data；
The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data based on the collection of infrared multispectral sensor group
Obtain the temperature of each target point.
As preferable, in addition to single imaging camera lens and multi-core fiber；The single imaging camera lens gathers the infrared of target point
The visible ray of radiation and target area simultaneously images in the end face of the multi-core fiber, and the output end of the multi-core fiber connects respectively
Each infrared multispectral sensor and the linear array visible light sensor.
As preferable, multi-core fiber multicore visible ray optical fiber including multichannel single infrared optical fiber and all the way；It is described
An infrared multispectral sensor is connected to per road single infrared optical fiber, the multicore visible ray optical fiber connects the linear array visible ray
Sensor.
As preferable, the infrared multispectral sensor includes photosensor arrays, the photosensor arrays
For the line array sensor of multiple photoelectric transducer elements composition, the frequency acquisition of each photoelectric sensor is not less than 1MHz.
As preferable, the infrared multispectral sensor also includes collimating mirror, grating and focus lamp, and the collimating mirror connects
Receive and reflect the infra-red radiation of infrared optical fiber transmission, the grating is on the reflected light path of the collimating mirror, the focus lamp
On the reflected light path of the grating, the photosensor arrays are located at the reflected light path of the focus lamp, by will be red
The infra-red radiation of infrared optical fiber transmission is divided into multiple spectral measurement passages, makes the corresponding spectral measurement of each photoelectric transducer element
Passage.
As preferable, in addition to cabinet, the cabinet is installed on the roadbed opening position of wheel hub side, described infrared
Multispectral sensor group is integrated in the cabinet, and optical window, the infrared multispectral sensor are provided with the cabinet
Pass through the target point in optical window run-home region.
As preferable, the spectral region of the infrared multispectral sensor is 3~15 μm.
A kind of vehicle axles multi-point temperature measurement method, including：
Obtain the infrared multispectral radiation data of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface；
Based on radiation temperature measurement algorithm, the temperature of multiple target points on vehicle axles surface is obtained.
As preferable, the infrared multispectral radiation data for obtaining the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface specifically includes：
The infra-red radiation information of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface is obtained, to the infra-red radiation information point of each target point
Light processing forms multiple spectral measurement passages, and the spectral radiance data gathered in each spectral measurement passage obtain target
The infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of point.
As preferable, also include before obtaining the infrared multispectral radiation data of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface：
Visual light imaging information based on target area, vehicle axles are treated with thermometric target point positions in real time.
The present invention proposes a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device and method based on visible ray and infrared multispectral, passes through
Visual light imaging under active light source irradiation, realizes the real-time positioning of wheel shaft thermometric point target, while passes through infrared multispectral, more
The high speed measurement of point target, realizes the high-acruracy survey of motion wheel axle temperature, unknown or become table suitable for wheel shaft slin emissivity
Surface launching rate condition, the non-contact forecasting of multiple spot regional temperature, overcome existing wheel shaft radiant thermometric technology and be limited to not
The slin emissivity and the confinement problems of temperature distributing measuring known, while contactless temperature-measuring is used, solve existing skill
In art due to because being caused service life to shorten by strong vibration, easily to break down, temperature wrong report the problem of；Utilize single mirror
Head and flexible multiconductor optical fiber, the visualization for realizing point target radiation temperature measurement and object space position, and avoid traditional more mirrors
The design that is directly connected to multisensor of head, makes that system design is more simple, structure extension is strong, suitable for live narrow and small
Radiant thermometric technology in space is realized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vehicle axle temperature measurement apparatus structured flowchart according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the infrared multispectral sensor group and linear array visible light sensor connection signal according to the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the infrared multispectral sensor construction schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the vehicle axle temperature measuring method schematic flow sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on visible ray and infrared multispectral is shown in figure,
Including infrared multispectral sensor group 6, linear array visible light sensor 8 and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；
The linear array visible light sensor 8 is used to scan the target area 3 treated in vehicle axles 1 where thermometric target point 2,
Obtain the visible images of target area 3；
The infrared multispectral sensor group 6 includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7 arranged evenly, described each red
Outer multispectral sensor 7 is used for the visible images based on target area 3 and positions the single target point 2 for treating thermometric, and gathers and be somebody's turn to do
The infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of target point 2；
The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data gathered based on infrared multispectral sensor group 6
Obtain the temperature of each target point 2.
In the present embodiment, in addition to cabinet 5, the cabinet 5 are installed on the roadbed opening position of the side of wheel hub 1, institute
State infrared multispectral sensor group 6 to be integrated in the cabinet 5, temperature control and power module are additionally provided with the cabinet 5, be infrared
Multispectral sensor group 6 is powered, and the temperature control is additionally operable to adjust the temperature of infrared multispectral sensor group 6 and cabinet with power module
5 temperature.Optical window 4 is installed, the infrared multispectral sensor passes through the run-home area of optical window 4 on the cabinet 5
Target point in domain.
In the present embodiment, the infrared multispectral sensor 7 uses thermoelectric cooling, temperature controlling range be 230K~
250K, the cabinet 5 use fan cooling, and temperature controlling range is 293K~323K.
In the present embodiment, the cabinet 5 is installed on the roadbed position of the side of wheel hub 1, infrared multispectral sensor
Group 6 aims at the measured target point 2 in wheel hub 1.Due to being sensed in infrared multispectral sensor group 6 containing an infrared multispectral
Device 7, it is possible to achieve the distributed satellite systems of the measured target point 2 in individual wheel hub 1, i.e., each infrared multispectral sensor
7 aim at the single point target on the surface of wheel shaft 1, realize the temperature survey of single point target.
In the present embodiment, the front side of single imaging camera lens 14 is additionally provided with annular visible illumination light source 15, in this implementation
In example, the annular visible illumination light source 15 is used to treat the mesh where thermometric target point 2 by radiation of visible light vehicle axles 1
Region is marked, linear array visible light sensor 8 is measured target area blur-free imaging.The spectrum of annular visible illumination light source 15
Concentrate between visible region, infrared multispectral is measured noiseless.
In the present embodiment, specifically, in the present embodiment, in addition to single imaging camera lens 14 and multi-core fiber；The list
Imaging lens 14 are used for the radiation focal imaging to target point 2, and the multi-core fiber is including multicore infrared optical fiber all the way and all the way
Multicore visible ray optical fiber 12；The multicore infrared optical fiber includes multichannel single infrared optical fiber 11, described per road single infrared optical fiber
11 are connected to an infrared multispectral sensor 7, and the multicore visible ray optical fiber 12 connects the linear array visible light sensor 8；It is more
Core fibre is multicore structure, and each fiber cores correspond to individually transmission light path, and multi-core fiber one end is integrated interface form, with
Imaging lens connect, the end face for imaging in the multi-core fiber of the single imaging camera lens 14, each single infrared optical fiber
11 output interface connects an infrared multispectral sensor 7, described in the output interface connection of the multicore visible ray optical fiber 12
Linear array visible light sensor 8.The output interface of single infrared optical fiber 11 is connected with infrared multispectral sensor 7, realizes point target spoke
The transmission and measurement penetrated；The output interface of multicore visible ray optical fiber 12 is connected with linear array visible light sensor 8, is realized comprising point mesh
The transmission and measurement of Distributed Area radiation in being marked on.
The metering system being combined using infrared multispectral measurement with visual light imaging measurement；The infrared spoke of multiple point targets
Penetrate and the visible radiation in region be by single imaging camera lens 14, image in multi-core fiber end face, via multi-core fiber transmit to
Multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7, linear array visible light sensor 8；Using multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7, multiple mesh are obtained
The multispectral radiation intensity of punctuate 2, by radiation temperature measurement algorithm, realize the measurement of the multiple point target temperature in the surface of wheel shaft 1；Utilize
Linear array visible light sensor 8, obtain comprising target point 2 in the visible radiation of inner region, realize the thermometric target point 2 of wheel shaft 1
Positioning.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2 the single imaging camera lens 14 is provided with multi-channel optical fibre interface 13, it is described each infrared more
Spectrum sensor 7 is provided with infrared optical fiber interface 9, and the linear array visible light sensor 8 is provided with visible ray optical fiber interface 10；It is more
Core fibre is multicore structure, and each fiber cores correspond to individually transmission light path, single infrared optical fiber 11 and multicore visible ray light
The input of fibre 12 is integrated into integrated interface, and as the input interface of multi-core fiber, the opposite side of single infrared optical fiber 11 is single
Core fibre output interface；The opposite side of multicore visible ray optical fiber 12 is multi-core fiber output interface；Each single-core fiber output connects
Mouth connection infrared optical fiber interface 9, multi-core fiber output interface connection visible ray optical fiber interface 10.
Using single imaging camera lens 14, multi-core fiber transmission, multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7 and linear array visible light sensor
8 integrated system architectures, transmit to multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7 via multicore infrared optical fiber, utilize multiple infrared light more
Spectrum sensor 7, the multispectral radiation intensity of multiple point targets is obtained respectively, by radiation temperature measurement algorithm, and then obtain multiple points
The temperature of target, using single imaging camera lens 14 and flexible multiconductor optical fiber, realize point target radiation temperature measurement and object space can
Positioned depending on changing, avoid the design that traditional more camera lenses and multisensor are directly connected to, make that system design is more simple, ties
Structure autgmentability is strong, is realized suitable for the radiant thermometric technology in live small space.
In embodiment, the quantity of infrared multispectral sensor 7 is arranged to 3, but can be not limited to 3.Infrared light more
The spectral region of spectrum sensor 7 is 2~15 μm, is measured suitable for middle low-temp radiating, in embodiment, used infrared light more
The spectral region of spectrum sensor 7 is 3~5 μm.
In the present embodiment, it is infrared as shown in figure 3, the infrared multispectral sensor 7 includes photosensor arrays 19
For multispectral sensor 7 using the photosensor arrays 19 with high speed acquisition, the photosensor arrays 19 are multiple light
The line array sensor of electrical sensor units composition, in the present embodiment, the quantity of photoelectric transducer element is 6, practical application
In, photoelectric transducer element quantity is not limited to 6；The maximum frequency acquisition of photoelectric sensor is not less than 1MHz, meets wheel height
Measurement request under fast motion state.
In the present embodiment, the infrared multispectral sensor 7 also includes collimating mirror 16, grating 17 and focus lamp 18, institute
Collimating mirror 16 is stated in the infra-red radiation light path of the single infrared optical fiber 11 transmission, the grating 17 is located at the collimating mirror
On 16 reflected light path, on the reflected light path of the grating 17, the photosensor arrays 19 are set the focus lamp 18
In the reflected light path of the focus lamp 18, multiple spectral measurements are divided into by the infra-red radiation for transmitting single infrared optical fiber 11 and led to
Road, make the corresponding spectral measurement passage of each photoelectric sensor.
Infrared multispectral sensor 7 includes photosensor arrays 19, and photosensor arrays 19 are by a series of photoelectric transfers
Sensor cell forms, and each sensor unit in array measures an infrared spectrum, the quantity of photoelectric transducer element with it is more
The quantity of spectrum is consistent.
The measurement of infrared multispectral sensor 7 obtains the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of point target, passes through multispectral spoke
Intensity data processing is penetrated, the temperature of point target can be obtained.
In the present embodiment, by arranging multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7, each infrared multispectral sensor 7 aims at
Single point target on the surface of wheel shaft 1, realize the temperature survey of single target point 2.
Multiple target points 2 that multiple infrared multispectral sensors 7 correspond on the surface of wheel shaft 1, realize the more of the surface of wheel shaft 1
The distributed satellite systems of individual target point 2；Arrangement quantity >=2 of infrared multispectral sensor 7, the i.e. measurement of target point 2
Number >=2.
A kind of vehicle axle temperature measuring method is additionally provided in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, including：
Obtain the infrared multispectral radiation data of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface；
Based on radiation temperature measurement algorithm, the temperature of multiple target points on vehicle axles surface is obtained.
Infrared multispectral measurement refers to the measurement of the infrared multispectral radiation intensity of target point, in the present embodiment, passes through
The infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of target point, with reference to radiation temperature measurement algorithm, calculate the temperature of target point.
Again by multimetering, temperature survey is carried out to multiple target points on vehicle axles surface, passes through each target
The multispectral radiation intensity data of point, the temperature of each target point is calculated, so as to obtain multiple target points on vehicle axles surface
Temperature.
As preferable, the infrared multispectral radiation data for obtaining the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface specifically includes：
The infra-red radiation information of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface is obtained, by the infra-red radiation information point of each target point
Into multiple spectral measurement passages, the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data of each target point is obtained；It is divided by prism, grating etc.
Mode, realize the multispectral radiant intensity measurement of point target, multispectral quantity >=2.
In the present embodiment, based on radiation temperature measurement algorithm, the temperature for obtaining multiple target points on vehicle axles surface is specific
Including：
Based on spectrum under single target point infrared spectral radiant ionization meter signal at multiple wavelengths and corresponding wavelength
Emissivity characterizes function, obtains the temperature of corresponding target point；
Infrared multispectral radiation data based on multiple target points, obtains the temperature of multiple target points.
As preferable, based on single target point infrared spectral radiant ionization meter signal at multiple wavelengths and correspondingly
Spectral emissivity characterizes function under wavelength, and the temperature for obtaining corresponding target point specifically includes：
Effective spectral radiance, target optical spectrum emissivity function and right based on the output of each spectral measurement channel measurement
The blackbody spectrum radiation intensity distribution function of wavelength is answered, obtains the measurement signal side of the infrared spectral radiant intensity under multiple wavelength
Journey group；
Data are launched based on the target optical spectrum under different temperatures, wavelength, obtain spectral emissivity function；
Based on spectral emissivity function, the infrared spectral radiant ionization meter signal equation group closing under multiple wavelength is asked
Solution, obtains the temperature of the target point.
Specifically, the general principle of radiation temperature measurement algorithm is as follows.
The measurement signal of infrared spectral radiant intensity under N number of wavelength is expressed as：
Vi=εiIb(λi, T), i=1 .., N
Wherein, T is target temperature, is unknown quantity；N is the quantity of the spectral wavelength of multispectral survey, is known quantity；λiIt is
The measurement wavelength of i-th of spectral measurement passage, is known quantity；ViBe i-th spectral measurement passage measurement output it is effective
Spectral radiance, to measure known quantity；εiRepresent that (i.e. wavelength is λ in i-th of spectral measurement passagei) target optical spectrum transmitting
Rate, it is unknown quantity；Ib(λi, T) represent in temperature T, wavelength λiWhen blackbody spectrum radiation intensity distribution function, be temperature T,
Wavelength XiFunction, be dependent unknown quantity, can be considered the physical quantity determined by temperature T.From above formula, in measurement equation
In group, spectral radiance known to shared N number of measurement, 1 unknown temperatures and N number of unknown emissivity are correspond to.
The non-intellectual of wheel shaft surface spectral emissivity is the key influence factor of radiation temperature accurate measurement, and this patent uses
Spectral emissivity function characterizes, and the mode of the advance data of spectral emissivity, to realize high-precision temperature survey.
Spectral emissivity can use the related simple mathematical function of wavelength to describe, such as linear function, exponential function, multinomial
Formula function etc..Wherein, it is that conventional spectral emissivity characterizes function to have two-parameter exponential function, such as：
ε=exp (a+b λ)
Wherein (a, b) is two undetermined parameters in above-mentioned spectral emissivity function.
Undetermined parameter in emissivity function is required unknown quantity, and the undetermined parameter number in emissivity function should not
More than N-1.Based on measurement equation group and spectral emissivity function, multispectral radiant intensity measurement equation group meets that mathematics closing is asked
Solution condition, pass through the optimization algorithms such as least square method, it is possible to achieve the solution of temperature.
Emissivity function is to ensure the necessary condition that equation group temperature solves, to improve temperature solving precision, using transmitting
Rate measurement experiment platform, the target optical spectrum emissivity data under different temperatures, wavelength are measured in advance.Emissivity measurement experimental bench,
Defined based on emissivity, black matrix comparison method or Kirchhoff's law can be used, measure emissivity.Although known spectra emissivity
Data, but during wheel shaft long-play, sample surfaces state can change, and cause under mutually synthermal, wavelength condition
Backs and the emissivity data that measure in advance there may be certain deviation, but the deviation amplitude is limited, and not shadow
The regularity of distribution of spectral emissivity is rung, therefore the emissivity data measured in advance are assigned to certain change boundary, such as ±
50%, as the constraints of above-mentioned multispectral radiation intensity solving equations, surveyed with improving the radiation based on emissivity function
Warm precision.Above-mentioned is the general principle of wheel shaft surface multispectral thermometry algorithm.
In summary, the present invention propose a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device based on visible ray and infrared multispectral and
Method, the visual light imaging under being irradiated by active light source, realizes the real-time positioning of wheel shaft thermometric point target, while by infrared
Multispectral, multipoint targets high speed measurements, the high-acruracy survey of motion wheel axle temperature is realized, suitable for wheel shaft slin emissivity not
Know or become slin emissivity condition, the non-contact forecasting of multiple spot regional temperature, overcome existing wheel shaft radiant thermometric technology
The confinement problems of unknown slin emissivity and temperature distributing measuring are limited to, while use contactless temperature-measuring, are solved
In the prior art due to because being caused service life to shorten by strong vibration, easily to break down, temperature wrong report the problem of；
Using single-lens and flexible multiconductor optical fiber, the visualization for realizing point target radiation temperature measurement and object space positions, and avoids biography
The design that more camera lenses and the multisensor of system are directly connected to, makes that system design is more simple, structure extension is strong, is applied to
Radiant thermometric technology in live small space is realized.
Finally, method of the invention is only preferable embodiment, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the protection of the present invention should be included in
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device, it is characterised in that passed including infrared multispectral sensor group, linear array visible ray
Sensor and spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument；
The linear array visible light sensor is used to scan the target area treated in vehicle axles where thermometric target point, obtains target
The visible images in region；
The infrared multispectral sensor group includes multiple infrared multispectral sensors arranged evenly, each infrared light more
Spectrum sensor is used for that the visible images positioning based on target area is single to treat the target point of thermometric, and gathers the red of the target point
Outer multispectral radiation intensity data；
The spectroscopic temperature measurement instrument is used for the infrared multispectral radiation intensity data based on the collection of infrared multispectral sensor group and obtained
The temperature of each target point.
2. vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including single imaging camera lens and more
Core fibre；The infra-red radiation of the single imaging camera lens collection target point and the visible ray of target area simultaneously image in the multi-core optical
Fine end face, the output end of the multi-core fiber connect each infrared multispectral sensor and the linear array visible ray respectively
Sensor.
3. vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the multi-core fiber includes multichannel
Single infrared optical fiber and all the way multicore visible ray optical fiber；It is described that infrared multispectral sensing is connected to per road single infrared optical fiber
Device, the multicore visible ray optical fiber connect the linear array visible light sensor.
4. vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the infrared multispectral sensor
Including photosensor arrays, the photosensor arrays be multiple photoelectric transducer elements composition line array sensor, institute
The frequency acquisition for stating each photoelectric sensor is not less than 1MHz.
5. vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the infrared multispectral sensor
Also include collimating mirror, grating and focus lamp, the collimating mirror receives and reflects the infra-red radiation of infrared optical fiber transmission, the grating
On the reflected light path of the collimating mirror, the focus lamp is on the reflected light path of the grating, the photoelectric sensor
Array is located at the reflected light path of the focus lamp, is divided into multiple spectral measurements by the infra-red radiation for transmitting infrared optical fiber and leads to
Road, make the corresponding spectral measurement passage of each photoelectric transducer element.
6. vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including cabinet, the cabinet
The roadbed opening position of wheel hub side is installed on, the infrared multispectral sensor group is integrated in the cabinet, the machine
Optical window is installed, the infrared multispectral sensor passes through the target point in optical window run-home region on case.
7. vehicle axles multiple point temperature measurement device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the infrared multispectral sensor
Spectral region be 3~15 μm.
A kind of 8. vehicle axles multi-point temperature measurement method, it is characterised in that including：
Obtain the infrared multispectral radiation data of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface；
Based on radiation temperature measurement algorithm, the temperature of multiple target points on vehicle axles surface is obtained.
9. vehicle axles multi-point temperature measurement method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that it is multiple to obtain vehicle axles surface
The infrared multispectral radiation data of target point specifically includes：
The infra-red radiation information of the multiple target points in vehicle axles surface is obtained, at the infra-red radiation information light splitting of each target point
Reason forms multiple spectral measurement passages, and the spectral radiance data gathered in each spectral measurement passage obtain target point
Infrared multispectral radiation intensity data.
10. vehicle axles multi-point temperature measurement method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that it is more to obtain vehicle axles surface
Also include before the infrared multispectral radiation data of individual target point：
Visual light imaging information based on target area, vehicle axles are treated with thermometric target point positions in real time.
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