CN207349037U - Enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat - Google Patents
Enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN207349037U CN207349037U CN201621460364.9U CN201621460364U CN207349037U CN 207349037 U CN207349037 U CN 207349037U CN 201621460364 U CN201621460364 U CN 201621460364U CN 207349037 U CN207349037 U CN 207349037U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The utility model provides a kind of enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat, including:Tower type solar collecting system, hold over system and dynamical system, the tower type solar collecting system forms the first hot merit circulatory system with the dynamical system, the tower type solar collecting system and the hold over system composition heat accumulation circulatory system, the hold over system forms the second hot merit circulatory system with the dynamical system, the tower type solar collecting system is using helium as heat absorption working medium, and the dynamical system is using helium as power working medium.The utility model realizes the raising of tower type solar system economy with reference to the design of efficient helium heat dump, the design of new hold over system by high temperature, the application of efficient, compact-sized enclosed helium turbine dynamical system.
Description
Technical field
A kind of tower-type solar thermal power generating system device is the utility model is related to, more particularly to a kind of closing with accumulation of heat
Formula helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system.
Background technology
Solar energy resources enriches, but energy-flux density is low, Photospot solar technology of having come into being, optically focused solar generating system
It is in intermittent defect that coupled tank technology, which can overcome solar radiation, and realization continuously generates electricity and possesses base load feature, makes it
Other renewable energy technologies are substantially better than, become the most popular research side that current new and renewable sources of energy is develop and useedd
To." 13 " period, China's solar power generation industry size are expected to be increased dramatically.The rule provided according to National Energy Board
Mould development indicators, to the year two thousand twenty bottom, realize the solar energy installation scale of 7% electric structure proportion, wherein solar energy thermal-power-generating is total
Installed capacity is expected to reach 10,000,000 kilowatts, accounts for the 6% of solar energy total installation of generating capacity.
According to the difference of spot mode, light collection solar generation technology (CSP) mainly has slot type, tower, dish-style and phenanthrene
Nie Ershi, the above two have been enter into the commercialized running stage, and rear both are in demonstration and experimental stage.Slot type generation technology the most into
Ripe, commercialization is the most extensive, accounts for the 85% of global commerceization operation solar energy power plant.The technology only to solar radiation into
Row one-dimensional tracking, focusing ratio is low, and for running temperature substantially at 50-400 DEG C, the thermal efficiency is relatively low;Compared with tower, disk system, resist
Wind system is poor.Disk system focusing ratio is up to hundreds of to thousands of, can also heat-exchange working medium is reached a high temperature, and its system can be transported individually
OK.But system power is small, Stirling generating set is mainly connected.Fresnel systems, spot is efficient, but work efficiency is low, at present
In the demonstration project stage.Solar radiation is usually gathered in the collection on high tower top by tower type thermal generation system using a large amount of heliostats
On hot receiver, hot-cast socket working medium (steam, fused salt, air etc.) is set to obtain high temperature, and driving power system generates electricity or enters and stores
Hot systems heat release.Heliostat uses double-axis tracking mode, and focusing ratio is up to 150-2000 times, and spotlight effect is high, and Temperature of Working is most
It is high up to 1600 DEG C, which makes it possible the application of some efficient advanced dynamical systems at present, so as to improve hot merit
Transfer efficiency, while it is adapted to extensive power generation.But its heliostat needs high-precision tracking system, and the temperature that heat dump need to reach is more
Height, thus Jing Chang and heat dump cost are high, cause cost of electricity-generating height.Compare and other systems, tower type solar generation technology is most
Has development potentiality.Current American, Spain, India, South Africa, Mexico, Australia, China etc. are multinational to tower type solar
System puts into numerous studies, including conceptual design, component research, demonstration project etc., to improve tower type solar generating efficiency, drop
Low investment cost, makes tower type solar generation technology mutually to be competed with current conventional electric power generation pattern cost of electricity-generating.The utility model
It is related to tower type solar novel heat exchange working medium, new heat storage technology and Novel power system, thus with regard to this several to the tower sun
The energy heat generating system prior art illustrates.
1) heat absorption, heat-transfer working medium:Tower type solar heat dump heat-transfer working medium variation, can be water/steam, fused salt, often
Press air, forced air, supercritical steam and other gases.Water/steam and fused salt mainly are used in Current commercial power station, its
His medium is in demonstration, component research or conceptual phase.Water/steam is more ripe heat absorption working medium, and condensed water is sent to
The heat dump of tower top, is heated, evaporates even overheat, the heat dump technology maturation, the coefficient of heat transfer is high, and conveying can not press successively
The water pump wasted work of water to tower top is few.Saturation or superheated vapor can directly drive the steam-turbine unit of maturation, or heat is stored in
In hold over system.But since the corresponding pressure of high-temperature steam is high, current steam temperature range is 400-500 DEG C, and pressure limit is
5-12MPa, if steam parameter develops to the supercritical parameter of thermoelectricity device, corresponding pressure will exceed 20MPa.Hyperbaric environment will
Ask material thickness increase, tube stress in heat dump also accordingly to increase, can to a certain extent reduce and absorb changing for solar radiant heat
Hot coefficient, limits the radiation flux of the sun.And there are different zones coefficient of heat transfer difference control for generation superheated steam in heat dump
The problem of processed, comparatively speaking saturated vapor is more favourable to absorber plate service life and heat absorption control, thus is commercialized in unit usually
It is inclined to saturated vapor.Mainly there is Italy using tower-type electricity generation station of the water/vapor as heat absorption working medium in the world at present
EURELIOS, Japanese SUNSHINE, Solar One, Hispanic CESA-1, the Russian SPP-5 in the U.S., and China
Badaling.
Fused salt is because of its high heat capacity density, high heat transfer coefficient and cheap becomes current most potential and widely applied biography
Thermal medium.Accumulation of heat working medium can be also also served as while fused salt is as heat absorption working medium, while its runtime pressure is low, system work phase
To safety, heat dump design is more compact, manufactures cost reduction, and heat loss reduces.But fused-salt medium still has the shortcomings that some are obvious:
1) fused salt flows, in the case that night does not have solar energy input, in heat dump pipeline as heat absorption working medium in whole pipeline
Fused salt can solidify after temperature reduction, such as existing common 40%KNO3/ 60%NaNO3Binary salt melting temperature is 220 DEG C, system
Need preferable Insulation and add the heat tracing equipment for preventing that fused salt from solidifying;If 3) system-down, need to will be inhaled with high pressure nitrogen
Remaining fused salt blowout in hot device, solidifies to avoid fused salt;4) high-temperature molten salt causes the corrosivity of pump for liquid salts system to transport safely
Capable hidden danger, corrosion of the high-temperature molten salt to heat dump heat exchange pipe also cause collector efficiency to reduce, cause security risk, run
Time is short;5) high-power tower solar power system is not suitable for, tower height increase and the increase of circulation flow rate of molten salt can all cause
The raising of pump for liquid salts power consumption and cost, pump for liquid salts wasted work is apparently higher than water pump.In the world using fused salt as heat absorption, heat transferring medium
Solar power tower mainly have MSEE, Solar Two in the U.S., French THEMIS, Hispanic Solar Tres.When
The preceding main direction of studying for heat transferring medium fused salt for exploitation low-melting-point high-reliability novel molten salt, to reduce system into
This simultaneously improves security of system.
Air dielectric is because of its low cost, high security, it is most important that can reach more elevated operating temperature and start to receive much concern.
It is divided into atmospheric air and forced air when using air as heat-absorbing medium, is changed when atmospheric air is as heat-absorbing medium by centre
Hot device couples the experimental power station J ü lich of turbine generating system, such as Germany.Due to using low-pressure air, and gas heat-transfer ability
It is low, cause heat dump bulky, and steam Rankine cycle unit maximum temperature is limited and (does not surpass generally with current material technology
Cross 625 DEG C) so that the high temperature that air is got in return cannot be fully utilized.Heat-absorbing medium mainly couples open type combustion when being pressure-air
Machine circulates or combined cycle, and which can be fully based on existing ripe combustion engine machine set technology.This technology is in component at present
Research and conceptual phase.Air heat-absorbing device mainly has a positive displacement and cavity type structure, the Weizmann research institutes of Israel,
The a variety of high temperature air heat dumps researchs of the labs such as Deutschen Zentrums fur Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. DLR, and to its heat exchange property and flowing
Characteristic has made intensive studies.Compared to liquid, air specific heat is small, and it is larger that big flow high temperature air is transported to high-altitude difficulty, and
When air discharge pressure higher volumes flow is larger, system increases from electricity consumption ratio, reduces the net generating efficiency of system.
2) hold over system:Though solar energy resources is inexhaustible, solar radiant energy be it is a kind of it is unstable with
Machine natural energy resources, and intermittence is presented, in order to meet continuous electric load demand, while avoid frequently rising for dynamical system
Stop, there is an urgent need for efficient hold over system.When solar radiant energy deficiency or night, start hold over system, so as to ensure dynamical system
Continuous operation.
Heat storage type has sensible heat accumulation of heat, latent-heat storage and chemical reaction accumulation of heat.
Sensible heat heat storage medium includes solid-state and liquid, solid-state heat storage medium have sandstone, refractory brick, concrete, ceramic honey comb,
Complex phase ceramic etc., liquid heat storage medium are mainly fused salt, since fuse salt possesses following characteristic, are become most widely used
Sensible heat heat storage medium:Use temperature range is wide, and has opposite heat endurance;Fuse salt heat conductivility is good;Steam forces down,
Particularly mixed melting salt;Thermal capacity is big;Viscosity is low and chemical stability is good.It is basic using molten in commercialization tower system at present
Salt accumulation of heat, thermal storage time can design the uninterrupted power supply for when 15 is small, realizing dynamical system.
Phase-transition heat-storage can realize constant temperature accumulation of heat and heat release, the temperature and energy stabilization of output, and thermal storage density is big, and unit is held
Put aside heat to store apparently higher than sensible heat, development potentiality is big.Have been achieved with using middle low temperature of the steam as phase change medium at present
Accumulation of heat, using the accumulation of heat of high-temperature phase-change medium also in conceptual phase, does not have and is reported applied to demonstrative project.It is most potential at present
High-temperature heat accumulation phase-change heat accumulation medium mainly have high-temperature molten salt and metal alloy.High-temperature molten salt is thermal conductivity factor using bottleneck
It is low, so that influence hold over system fills rate of heat release.Metal alloy thermal conductivity factor is very high, and thermal storage density is big, possesses higher
Latent heat of phase change, thermal cycling stability is good.But obvious shortcoming is that liquid metal alloy corrosivity is strong, to corresponding container material requirements
Height, and research of the metal alloy phase-change material in accumulation of heat field is very insufficient.The temperature and phase of heat-storing material fill hair with system
Heat process and change, corresponding physical parameter can also change, and influence system accumulation of heat and heat transfer property, and relevant data
Accumulation is few.High temperature fluent metal alloy lacks systematicness and regularity with container material Study on Compatibility.Further develop phase transformation
The key of heat storage technology is the research of the hot enhanced physical properties of phase change heat storage material, and solves uneven heat transfer, air pocket, thermal stress, invades
The problems such as erosion and material.
3) dynamical system:Current Photospot solar technology is mainly equipped with the steam turbine of technology maturation as dynamical system,
Tower type solar system supporting can be based on Brayton cycle or combined cycle due to the characteristic of its available high-temperature heat-transfer medium
Hi-temp hi-effective dynamical system.The vapor (steam) temperature of steam turbine power plant provisioned in business application is substantially at Asia and faces at present
Boundary's scope, steam parameter can develop to overcritical and ultra supercritical parameter, but be limited to present material and technological level, steam turbine
The space very little that the efficiency of Rankine cycle system is further lifted, and system cost is high, equipment size is big.
Brayton cycle includes open type and closed cycle.When using air as heat-absorbing medium, directly pressure-air is added
Heat then realizes the cascade utilization of thermal energy using steam Rankine cycle as bottoming cycle, improves heat to 1000 DEG C or so promotion combustion engine
Efficiency, the power cycle are the combined cycle based on open type Bretton+Rankine.The application of current this dynamical system both at home and abroad is also
In conceptual phase.
Dynamical system based on Closed Brayton Power Cycle is substantially at conceptual phase applied to tower type solar system.
Dynamical system working medium based on Closed Brayton Power Cycle can be diversified, including air, helium, supercritical CO2And other are lazy
Property gas mixture.It is supercritical CO to study widest Closed Brayton Power Cycle working medium at present2, air close cycle applications in
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system has in the eighties proposed detailed conceptual design, but was promoted without follow-up test.It is compared to
Steam Rankine cycle and open type combustion engine Brayton cycle, the dynamical system based on Closed Brayton Power Cycle are with the obvious advantage:1) circulate
It is efficient, such as SCO2Working medium can reach 45% dynamical system heat to power output efficiency when temperature is 600 DEG C, and helium working medium exists
Heat to power output efficiency is also up to 45-48% when temperature is 850 DEG C;2) size is small, compact in design.It is identical by taking helium working medium as an example
Dynamical system space is only the 1/5 of steam turbine dynamical system under power level;3) base load and change can be ensured at the same time
System high efficiency is run under load condition:Varying duty regulative mode is various, and the maintenance unit of maximizing is without departing from design work
Point Effec-tive Function;4) device cooling system cooling source may be either air-cooled, or water cooling, that is, meet anhydrous operation condition.
Proposed in United States Patent (USP) US7685820 " supercritical carbon dioxide concentrating solar power generation system device " using super
Critical carbon dioxide turbine replace tower type solar dynamical system in steam turbine installation, fused salt still as heat absorption, heat exchange and
Heat storage medium, ensures that compressor inlet carbon dioxide parameter is slightly above above-critical state, i.e. 7.38MPa, 30.98 DEG C.The patent
Chinese patent families is 200710306179.3.Follow-up Chinese patent 201010277740.1 also proposes a kind of super with accumulation of heat
Critical carbon dioxide solar heat power generation system, the difference is that the minimum temperature of carbon dioxide is less than critical point in circulation, that is, is pressed
Contracting machine is substituted by carbon dioxide supercharging liquid pump, is realized that Trans-critical cycle compresses, is further improved cycle efficieny.Supercritical carbon dioxide moves
Power apparatus is efficient, device is compact, but its working environment is high, up to 20MPa or so, and supercritical carbon dioxide turbomachinery design
Maturity is low, and control system is more complicated, at present still in component and the experimental stage of system.Recent Chinese patent
201510068135.6 a kind of tower type solar energy thermal power generation method and system using closed cycle Brayton cycle are proposed in,
In the system thermal process again is realized, whole water steam is different from heat dump as heat absorption working medium using vapor
The high-pressure and high-temperature steam acting of traditional steam Rankine cycle, but the acting of low-voltage high-temperature Steam Actuation steam turbine is used, at the same time
Gas-turbine installation and bottom Rankine cycle are coupled, before entering heat dump using the high-temperature tail gas heating of combustion engine circulation turbine
Water, makes it be evaporated to vapor;Bottom Rankine cycle further utilizes waste heat as the low-temperature receiver of condenser, realizes the step of heat
Utilize, improve cycle efficieny.The cascade utilization of the few advantage of circulation water pump wasted work to be made full use of and heat, but implement
It is more difficult, and the acting of (700-1500 DEG C) of high-temperature low-pressure vapor can force difference, density is low (cause equipment size big), while still deposits
In vapor corrosion problem, to material requirements height.
The key issue that current tower type solar electricity generation system widespread commercial faces is to reduce cost of investment, makes its shape
Into the competitiveness with conventional electric power generation cost.Reduce cost of investment mainly put forth effort on increase system installed capacity, optimization Jing Chang and
Heat dump design, the hold over system of exploitation high-efficiency and economic and supporting economical and efficient heat to power output system.Past statistics shows not
Slightly have difference with system cost factor of influence sequencing under heat absorption working medium, increase system is followed successively by when such as using fused salt heat exchanging medium
System power, optimize heliostat size and structure design, using advanced Jing Chang designs, advanced hold over system;Changed using steam
Be followed successively by during thermal medium increase system power, optimization heliostat size and structure design, using supercritical steam, advanced accumulation of heat,
Jing Chang;Increase system power, optimization heliostat size and structure design, advanced storage are followed successively by using atmospheric air heat transferring medium
Heat, improve heat dump performance, advanced Jing Chang designs.
The purpose of this utility model is that make full use of tower type solar high concentration ratio, seek to be conducive to high temperature heat absorber to set
The heat-conducting gas of meter-novel heat exchange working medium, matching is efficient and the dynamical system of great power amplification potentiality-it is based on enclosed Bretton
Circulation, while new high-efficiency thermal storage system-high-temperature phase change heat accumulation is coupled, reduce tower type solar electricity generation system power generation effect to improve
Rate, reduces cost of electricity-generating.
Utility model content
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of enclosed with accumulation of heat
Helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system, to pass through high temperature, efficient, compact-sized enclosed helium turbine dynamical system
Application, realize the raising of tower type solar system economy with reference to the design of efficient helium heat dump, the design of new hold over system.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the utility model provides a kind of enclosed helium turbine with accumulation of heat
Tower-type solar thermal power generating system, including:Tower type solar collecting system, hold over system and dynamical system, the tower sun
Can collecting system and the dynamical system first hot merit circulatory system of composition, the tower type solar collecting system and the accumulation of heat
System forms the heat accumulation circulatory system, and the hold over system forms the second hot merit circulatory system with the dynamical system, described tower
Solar thermal collection system is using helium as heat absorption working medium, and the dynamical system is using helium as power working medium.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, when solar radiation is sufficient, tower type solar collecting system and dynamical system coupling operational, hold over system and dynamical system solution
Coupling works;When solar radiation is insufficient, tower type solar collecting system and dynamical system decoupling work, hold over system and dynamical system
Coupling operational, and hold over system is as heat source.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
The action switching of scheme, the coupling operational and decoupling work is realized by the keying of valve.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, the first hot merit circulatory system uses helium as heat-transfer working medium, using helium as tower type solar collecting system
Heat absorption working medium, and using power working medium of the helium as dynamical system.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, the second hot merit circulatory system using helium as heat-transfer working medium, using heat absorption working medium of the helium as hold over system,
And using power working medium of the helium as dynamical system.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, the heat accumulation circulatory system uses helium as heat-transfer working medium, using suction of the helium as tower type solar collecting system
Hot working fluid, using accumulation of heat working medium of the high temperature phase change material (pcm) as hold over system.
Preferably, the high temperature phase change material (pcm) includes high-temperature molten salt, its melting temperature is not less than 750 DEG C.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, the hold over system further include circulating fan, for providing pressure head for helium after cooling, are recycled to tower type solar collection
Hot systems, realize circulation.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, the dynamical system use the helium turbine system of closed cycle.
One kind as the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model is preferred
Scheme, the helium turbine system based on closed cycle work, including helium gas turbine, regenerator, forecooler, low-pressure compressor,
Inter cooler, high-pressure compressor and motor, the entrance of the helium gas turbine and the tower type solar collecting system and hold over system
Connection, the motor are connected with the first outlet of the helium gas turbine, the second outlet of the helium gas turbine and the 3rd outlet point
Be not connected with the first entrance of the high-pressure compressor and the first entrance of regenerator, the first outlet of the high-pressure compressor and
Second outlet is connected with the second entrance of the regenerator and the first entrance of the low-pressure compressor respectively, the inter cooler
Entrance is connected with the outlet of the low-pressure compressor, and the outlet of inter cooler is connected with the second entrance of the high-pressure compressor, institute
The first outlet for stating regenerator is connected with the entrance of the forecooler, outlet and the tower type solar collecting system and accumulation of heat system
System connection, the outlet of the forecooler is connected with the second entrance of the low-pressure compressor.
Preferably, helium temperature is at least cooled to less than 30 DEG C by the forecooler and inter cooler.
Preferably, the cooling source of the cooler includes one kind in air and water.
Preferably, the cooler is low temperature exhaust heat retracting device, to realize the cascade utilization of heat.
Preferably, the pressure of the dynamical system design is true not less than the load pressure of solar radiation dynamical system when sufficient
It is fixed and proportional with the helium gas flow of the first hot merit circulatory system or the second hot merit circulatory system.
Preferably, the hold over system is moved when the design pressure of regenerative circuit is not less than hold over system as heat release heat source
The operating pressure in Force system circuit.
Preferably, when the regenerative capacity of the hold over system is is enough to ensure that solar radiation deficiency, hold over system and power
The duration of system coupling operational.
As described above, the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model, has
Following beneficial effect:
Using helium as heat absorption working medium, it can be achieved that the heat dump of high-efficiency compact designs.Helium is inert gas, with material
Compatibility is good, system operation security higher, operating temperature of the heat transfer medium up to higher.The hot physical property of helium is good, specific heat capacity
About 2.4 times of vapor, 4.7 times of air;Thermal conductivity factor is about 5.6 times of air, and the kinematic viscosity of helium is small.In temperature
When spending identical equal with resistance coefficient, the flow velocity of air in the duct allows to change in the range of 25-45m/s, and the stream of helium
Fast permissible value is then 55-100m/s, this is beneficial to enhanced heat exchange.Therefore the heat dump temperature difference of design gained is small, the pressure loss
It is small, heat loss is small, compact-sized.
When other conditions are identical, the pressure loss of helium in the duct is 2.2 times smaller than air, wind turbine needed for regenerative circuit
Wasted work is few.
Using high temperature phase change material (pcm) as heat storage medium, storage system process temperature can be kept to stablize, stored so as to ensure to start
Power system operation is stablized during hot systems.
It is not less than 750 DEG C of high temperature phase change material (pcm) using melting temperature, ensure that the dynamical system work for starting hold over system
The high efficiency of work.
Using helium Closed Brayton Power Cycle, when turbine-inlet temperature reaches more than 850 DEG C of high temperature category, its hot merit
Transfer efficiency up to 45% and more than, it is with the obvious advantage compared to steam Rankine cycle.
Using helium Closed Brayton Power Cycle, system circulation maximum pressure is significantly lower than steam Rankine cycle and overcritical two
Carbon cycle is aoxidized, improves security of system, the material and technique manufacture for reducing pipeline and equipment require.
In brief, the excellent physical property of novel heat exchange medium helium ensure that the feasibility of high-efficiency compact heat dump design,
Existing air heat-absorbing device design and experiment experience can be fully used for reference at the same time.Efficient and economic hold over system overcomes solar energy
Intermittent defect is presented in radiation, meets continuous electric load demand, while avoids the frequent start-stop of dynamical system, and
Maintain the Effec-tive Function of dynamical system.Helium turbine dynamical system based on closed cycle ensure that design conditions and wide change
High heat to power output efficiency in condition range.The final raising for realizing system overall efficiency and economy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the framework of the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is shown as one of the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model
Embodiment structure diagram.
Component label instructions
10 tower type solar collecting systems
101 Jing Chang
102 heat dumps
20 hold over systems
201 high-temperature heat accumulation tanks
202 circulating fans
30 dynamical systems
301 helium gas turbines
302 motors
303 high-pressure compressors
304 low-pressure compressors
305 inter coolers
306 regenerators
307 forecoolers
Embodiment
Illustrate the embodiment of the utility model below by way of specific instantiation, those skilled in the art can be by this theory
Content disclosed by bright book understands other advantages and effect of the utility model easily.The utility model can also be by addition
Different embodiments are embodied or practiced, and the various details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints with answering
With carrying out various modifications or alterations under the spirit without departing from the utility model.
Please refer to Fig.1~Fig. 2.It should be noted that the diagram provided in the present embodiment only illustrates this in a schematic way
The basic conception of utility model, when only display is with related component in the utility model rather than according to actual implementation in illustrating then
Component count, shape and size are drawn, and kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can be a kind of random change during its actual implementation
Become, and its assembly layout kenel may also be increasingly complex.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides a kind of enclosed helium turbine tower type solar energy thermal power generation system with accumulation of heat
System, including:Tower type solar collecting system 10, hold over system 20 and dynamical system 30, the tower type solar collecting system 10
The first hot merit circulatory system, the tower type solar collecting system 10 and the hold over system 20 are formed with the dynamical system 30
The heat accumulation circulatory system is formed, the hold over system 20 forms the second hot merit circulatory system with the dynamical system 30, described tower
Solar thermal collection system 10 is using helium as heat absorption working medium, and the dynamical system 30 is using helium as power working medium.
As an example, when solar radiation is sufficient, tower type solar collecting system 10 and 30 coupling operational of dynamical system, accumulation of heat
System 20 and dynamical system 30 decouple work;When solar radiation is insufficient, tower type solar collecting system 10 is solved with dynamical system 30
Coupling works, 30 coupling operational of hold over system 20 and dynamical system, and hold over system 20 is used as heat source.
The enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system 24 with accumulation of heat is interior when small to be included three work and follows
Ring process, as shown in Figure 1:
1) when solar radiation on daytime is sufficient, heat sink solar radiation that helium passes through tower type solar collecting system 10
Heat, makes its temperature reach 850 DEG C of even more highs, and high temperature helium directly drives dynamical system 30, then returns to heat dump, forms the
The one hot merit circulatory system.Circulatory system pressure is determined according to fixed base load power, during such as 50MWe, the first hot merit cyclic system
Largest loop pressure of uniting about 2.5-3.5MPa.
2) when solar radiation on daytime is sufficient, helium makes its temperature reach 850 DEG C very by heat sink solar radiant heat
To higher, high temperature helium enters hold over system 20, and helium exchanges heat with heat storage medium, and after heat release, helium comes back to heat dump suction
Heat, forms the accumulation of heat circulatory system.Circulatory system pressure is determined according to the maximum pressure of the 3rd hot merit circulatory system.
3) when solar radiation is insufficient, including rainy weather and night, hold over system 20 enter Heat release mode, and helium is in accumulation of heat
Exchange heat in system 20 with heat storage medium and obtain high temperature rear driving power system 30, then return to hold over system 20 and absorb heat, structure
Into the second hot merit circulatory system.Circulating pressure determines according to 30 power load of dynamical system at this time, during such as 5MWe, circulates maximum pressure
Power about 0.3-0.4MPa.
As an example, the action switching of the coupling operational and decoupling work is realized by the keying of valve.
As an example, the first hot merit circulatory system using helium as heat-transfer working medium, using helium as it is tower too
The heat absorption working medium of positive energy collecting system 10, and using power working medium of the helium as dynamical system 30.
As an example, the second hot merit circulatory system uses helium as heat-transfer working medium, using helium as accumulation of heat system
The heat absorption working medium of system 20, and using power working medium of the helium as dynamical system 30.
As an example, the heat accumulation circulatory system uses helium as heat-transfer working medium, using helium as tower type solar
The heat absorption working medium of collecting system 10, using accumulation of heat working medium of the high temperature phase change material (pcm) as hold over system 20.Preferably, the high temperature
Phase-change material includes high-temperature molten salt, its melting temperature is not less than 750 DEG C.
As shown in Fig. 2, as an example, the hold over system 20 further includes circulating fan, for being carried for helium after cooling
For pressure head, tower type solar collecting system 10 is recycled to, realizes circulation.Preferably, the hold over system 20 is in regenerative circuit
The operating pressure in 30 circuit of dynamical system when design pressure is not less than hold over system 20 as heat release heat source.Preferably, the storage
The regenerative capacity of hot systems 20 for be enough to ensure that solar radiation deficiency when, 30 coupling operational of hold over system 20 and dynamical system when
It is long.Specifically, 20 regenerative capacity of hold over system is to ensure that heat release duration internally-powered system 30 maintains efficient operation, and integrates
Consider that 20 size of hold over system, cost finally determine.
As an example, helium turbine system of the dynamical system 30 using closed cycle.
As shown in Fig. 2, the helium turbine system is worked based on closed cycle, including helium gas turbine, regenerator, precooling
Device, low-pressure compressor, inter cooler, high-pressure compressor and motor, the entrance of the helium gas turbine and the tower type solar thermal-arrest
System 10 and hold over system 20 connect, and the motor is connected with the first outlet of the helium gas turbine, and the of the helium gas turbine
Two outlets and the 3rd outlet are connected with the first entrance of the high-pressure compressor and the first entrance of regenerator respectively, the high pressure
The first outlet and second outlet of compressor enter with the second entrance of the regenerator and the first of the low-pressure compressor respectively
Mouth connection, the entrance of the inter cooler are connected with the outlet of the low-pressure compressor, and the outlet of inter cooler is calmed the anger with the high pressure
The second entrance connection of machine, the first outlet of the regenerator be connected with the entrance of the forecooler, export and it is described it is tower too
Positive energy collecting system 10 and hold over system 20 connect, and the outlet of the forecooler connects with the second entrance of the low-pressure compressor
Connect.
Preferably, helium temperature is at least cooled to less than 30 DEG C by the forecooler and inter cooler.
Preferably, the compressor pressure ratio is provided each in equilibrium temperature (such as 850 DEG C) and dynamical system 30 by heat dump
Component capabilities optimization, which calculates, to be determined.
Preferably, the cooling source of the cooler includes one kind in air and water.In addition, the cooler can also be
Low temperature exhaust heat retracting device, to realize the cascade utilization of heat.
Preferably, load pressure of the pressure that the dynamical system 30 designs not less than solar radiation dynamical system 30 when sufficient
Power determines, and proportional with the helium gas flow of the first hot merit circulatory system or the second hot merit circulatory system.
As shown in Fig. 2, 30 workflow of dynamical system is:
1) high temperature and pressure helium enters helium gas turbine expansion work, drives electrical power generators;
2) helium enters regenerator low-pressure side recovery section heat after expanding;
3) forecooler cooling is subsequently entered;
4) helium low-pressure compressor of entering is compressed to certain pressure after cooling down;
5) subsequent intercooler of entering cools down once again;
6) helium continues compression supercharging into high-pressure compressor after cooling down;
7) high-pressure helium enter regenerator high-pressure side heating;
8) finally enter heat sink solar radiant energy or enter hold over system 20 and absorb heat storage medium heat release, to enter
Turbine is ready, and completes a circulation.
The enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the present embodiment is further illustrated below.
As shown in Figure 1, the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the present embodiment, including tower
Formula solar thermal collection system 10, hold over system 20 and dynamical system 30.
As shown in Fig. 2, the tower type solar collecting system 10 mainly includes mirror field 101 and heat dump 102, hold over system
20 include high-temperature heat accumulation tank 201 and circulating fan 202, and heat to power output system mainly includes helium gas turbine 301, helium regenerator
306, forecooler 307, helium low-pressure compressor 304, inter cooler 305, helium high-pressure compressor 303 and motor 302.
When solar radiation on daytime is sufficient, valve e and f are closed, and valve a, b, c, d are opened.20 heat-accumulating process of hold over system and
30 course of work of dynamical system starts, and is independent of each other.
1) 30 courses of work of dynamical system-heat dump 102 heats heat absorption working medium, enters dynamical system 30 after equilibrium temperature
Drive helium gas turbine 301, drive generator 302 generate electricity, working media after turbine expansion through 306 low-pressure side of regenerator release more than
Heat, then cools down into forecooler 307, subsequently enters low-pressure compressor 304 and compresses, and high-pressure working medium enters inter cooler 305
It is cooled, is further compressed into high-pressure compressor 303 afterwards once again, working medium pressure is to circulate maximum pressure, high pressure at this time
Heat transfer medium enters the waste heat that regenerator 306 absorbs low-pressure side heat transfer medium, then returns to heat dump 102 and absorbs solar radiation
Heat, completes a circulation.
2) heating of 20 heat-accumulating process of hold over system-heat dump 1 heat absorption working medium, high-temperature heat-transfer medium enter high temperature energy-storage system
System, rejects heat to heat storage medium, and the heat transfer medium after being cooled provides pressure head by circulating fan 202, returns to heat dump
102 are heated again, complete a circulation.
When solar radiation is insufficient or night, heat dump stop heating heat absorption working medium, and valve a, b, c, d are closed, valve e and f
Open, 20 heat release of hold over system directly drives dynamical system 30 and does work.The heat storage medium release latent heat of high-temperature heat accumulation system 20 adds
Thermodynamic medium, then drives turbine 301, drives generator 302 to generate electricity, working media is after turbine expansion through regenerator 306
Low-pressure side discharge waste heat, then cooled down into forecooler 307, subsequently enter low-pressure compressor 304 and compress, high-pressure working medium into
Enter inter cooler 305 to be cooled once again, further compressed into high-pressure compressor 303 afterwards, working medium pressure is the power at this time
The lower maximum pressure of circulation, high-pressure working medium enter the waste heat that regenerator 306 absorbs low-pressure side heat transfer medium, then return to accumulation of heat
System 20 is still heated, and completes a circulation.
During 20 accumulation of heat of hold over system, heat heat storage medium is constantly discharged by high temperature helium, and by heat with latent heat type
Formula stores.
When hold over system 20 is as heat release heat source, stablize release heat storage medium latent heat of phase change, heated power system 30 works
Medium helium reaches the high temperature melting temperature close to phase-change material.
Dynamical system 30 circulates the mean temperature and dynamical system that pressure ratio is supplied to helium by heat dump under daytime base load
30 each component capabilities of uniting determine, are 2.86 or so as corresponded to dynamical system 30 before 850 DEG C of helium gas turbines during temperature to circulate pressure ratio.
30 cyclic design maximum pressure of dynamical system is by Basic Design load, part design demand and system compactness, warp
Ji property synthesis determines, if Design cooling load is 50MWe, the design pressure about 2.5-3.5MPa or so.
Dynamical system 30 circulates actual working pressure and is determined by actual power is horizontal, and with the flow of working medium in closed cycle
It is proportional.
Actual working pressure when 20 design pressure of hold over system couples hold over system 20 as heat source by dynamical system 30
Determine.
20 thermal capacity of hold over system need to ensure to maintain the Effec-tive Function and storage of dynamical system 30 during without solar radiation at the same time
The economy of hot systems 20.
20 regenerative circuit fan pressure head of hold over system need to be enough caused by overcoming approach pipeline, heat dump and hold over system 20
Helium crushing.
As shown in table 1, the present embodiment has carried out Modeling Calculation to system circulation, determines 30 base load of dynamical system
50MWe, 30 optimum pressure ratio 2.86 of dynamical system at 850 DEG C of temperature before turbine, and provide system performance parameter under optimum pressure ratio, such as table
Shown in 1.The efficiency refers both to thermo-electrically transfer efficiency.The ηcycle1For 30 thermal effect of dynamical system under 30 base load of dynamical system
Rate, the ηcycle330 thermal efficiency of dynamical system during for hold over system 20 as heat source, the ηcycle1+cycle2For under base load
Consider the system effectiveness to consume energy in 20 heat-accumulating process of dynamical system 30 and hold over system, the ηcycle1+cycle2+cycle3To be
System runs the average thermal efficiency after 24h, and wherein cycle3 can maintain to estimate when the work of dynamical system 30 14 is small with regenerative capacity, its
In, cycle1, cycle2, cycle3 are followed with the first hot merit circulatory system in Fig. 1, the accumulation of heat circulatory system, the second hot merit respectively
Loop system corresponds to.
1 system performance parameter of table
As described above, the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat of the utility model, has
Following beneficial effect:
Using helium as heat absorption working medium, it can be achieved that the heat dump of high-efficiency compact designs.Helium is inert gas, with material
Compatibility is good, system operation security higher, operating temperature of the heat transfer medium up to higher.The hot physical property of helium is good, specific heat capacity
About 2.4 times of vapor, 4.7 times of air;Thermal conductivity factor is about 5.6 times of air, and the kinematic viscosity of helium is small.In temperature
When spending identical equal with resistance coefficient, the flow velocity of air in the duct allows to change in the range of 25-45m/s, and the stream of helium
Fast permissible value is then 55-100m/s, this is beneficial to enhanced heat exchange.Therefore the heat dump temperature difference of design gained is small, the pressure loss
It is small, heat loss is small, compact-sized.
When other conditions are identical, the pressure loss of helium in the duct is 2.2 times smaller than air, wind turbine needed for regenerative circuit
Wasted work is few.
Using high temperature phase change material (pcm) as heat storage medium, storage system process temperature can be kept to stablize, stored so as to ensure to start
Dynamical system 30 is stable during hot systems 20.
It is not less than 750 DEG C of high temperature phase change material (pcm) using melting temperature, ensure that the dynamical system for starting hold over system 20
The high efficiency of 30 work.
Using helium Closed Brayton Power Cycle, when turbine-inlet temperature reaches more than 850 DEG C of high temperature category, its hot merit
Transfer efficiency up to 45% and more than, it is with the obvious advantage compared to steam Rankine cycle.
Using helium Closed Brayton Power Cycle, system circulation maximum pressure is significantly lower than steam Rankine cycle and overcritical two
Carbon cycle is aoxidized, improves security of system, the material and technique manufacture for reducing pipeline and equipment require.
In brief, the excellent physical property of novel heat exchange medium helium ensure that the feasibility of high-efficiency compact heat dump design,
Existing air heat-absorbing device design and experiment experience can be fully used for reference at the same time.Efficient and economic hold over system 20 overcomes the sun
It can radiate and intermittent defect is presented, meet continuous electric load demand, while avoid frequently rising for dynamical system 30
Stop, and maintain the Effec-tive Function of dynamical system 30.Helium turbine dynamical system 30 based on closed cycle ensure that design work
High heat to power output efficiency in the range of condition and wide variable working condition.The final raising for realizing system overall efficiency and economy.
So the utility model effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and has high industrial utilization.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principle and efficacy of the utility model, new not for this practicality is limited
Type.Any person skilled in the art can all carry out above-described embodiment under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the utility model
Modifications and changes.Therefore, such as those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the revealed essence of the utility model
God and all equivalent modifications completed under technological thought or change, should be covered by the claim of the utility model.
Claims (16)
- A kind of 1. enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat, it is characterised in that including:The tower sun Energy collecting system, hold over system and dynamical system, the tower type solar collecting system and the first heat of dynamical system composition The work(circulatory system, the tower type solar collecting system and the hold over system composition heat accumulation circulatory system, the hold over system The second hot merit circulatory system is formed with the dynamical system, the tower type solar collecting system is using helium as heat absorption work Matter, the dynamical system is using helium as power working medium.
- 2. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:When solar radiation is sufficient, tower type solar collecting system and dynamical system coupling operational, hold over system and dynamical system decouple Work;When solar radiation is insufficient, tower type solar collecting system and dynamical system decoupling work, hold over system and dynamical system coupling Work is closed, and hold over system is as heat source.
- 3. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 2 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The action switching of the coupling operational and decoupling work is realized by the keying of valve.
- 4. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The first hot merit circulatory system uses helium as heat-transfer working medium, using helium as tower type solar collecting system Heat absorption working medium, and using power working medium of the helium as dynamical system.
- 5. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The second hot merit circulatory system using helium as heat-transfer working medium, using heat absorption working medium of the helium as hold over system, and Using power working medium of the helium as dynamical system.
- 6. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The heat accumulation circulatory system uses helium as heat-transfer working medium, using heat absorption of the helium as tower type solar collecting system Working medium, using accumulation of heat working medium of the high temperature phase change material (pcm) as hold over system.
- 7. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 6 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The high temperature phase change material (pcm) includes high-temperature molten salt, its melting temperature is not less than 750 DEG C.
- 8. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The hold over system further includes circulating fan, for providing pressure head for helium after cooling, is recycled to tower type solar thermal-arrest System, realizes circulation.
- 9. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The dynamical system uses the helium turbine system of closed cycle.
- 10. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 9 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The helium turbine system based on closed cycle work, including helium gas turbine, regenerator, forecooler, low-pressure compressor, Cooler, high-pressure compressor and motor, the entrance of the helium gas turbine connect with the tower type solar collecting system and hold over system Connect, the motor is connected with the first outlet of the helium gas turbine, the second outlet of the helium gas turbine and the 3rd outlet difference It is connected with the first entrance of the high-pressure compressor and the first entrance of regenerator, the first outlet of the high-pressure compressor and Two outlets are connected with the second entrance of the regenerator and the first entrance of the low-pressure compressor respectively, and the inter cooler enters Mouth is connected with the outlet of the low-pressure compressor, and the outlet of inter cooler is connected with the second entrance of the high-pressure compressor, described The first outlet of regenerator is connected with the entrance of the forecooler, outlet and the tower type solar collecting system and hold over system Connection, the outlet of the forecooler is connected with the second entrance of the low-pressure compressor.
- 11. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 10 with accumulation of heat, its feature It is:Helium temperature is at least cooled to less than 30 DEG C by the forecooler and inter cooler.
- 12. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 10 with accumulation of heat, its feature It is:The cooling source of the forecooler and inter cooler includes one kind in air and water.
- 13. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 10 with accumulation of heat, its feature It is:The forecooler and inter cooler are low temperature exhaust heat retracting device, to realize the cascade utilization of heat.
- 14. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:The pressure of dynamical system design not less than solar radiation when sufficient the load pressure of dynamical system determine, and with it is described The helium gas flow of the first hot merit circulatory system or the second hot merit circulatory system is proportional.
- 15. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:Hold over system dynamical system circuit when the design pressure of regenerative circuit is not less than hold over system as heat release heat source Operating pressure.
- 16. the enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system according to claim 1 with accumulation of heat, its feature exist In:When the regenerative capacity of the hold over system is is enough to ensure that solar radiation deficiency, hold over system and dynamical system coupling operational Duration.
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CN106481522A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-03-08 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of enclosed helium turbine tower-type solar thermal power generating system with accumulation of heat |
CN106481522B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2023-08-04 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Closed helium turbine tower type solar thermal power generation system with heat accumulation function |
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