CN207311477U - The detection system of positioning and fastener defects detection is identified for sleeper - Google Patents
The detection system of positioning and fastener defects detection is identified for sleeper Download PDFInfo
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- CN207311477U CN207311477U CN201721105532.7U CN201721105532U CN207311477U CN 207311477 U CN207311477 U CN 207311477U CN 201721105532 U CN201721105532 U CN 201721105532U CN 207311477 U CN207311477 U CN 207311477U
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Abstract
It the utility model is related to a kind of detection system, a kind of more particularly to detection system that positioning and fastener defects detection are identified for sleeper, including laser ranging system, encode mileage wheel, controller and host computer, the coding mileage wheel is connected with controller, the laser ranging system is connected with controller, the host computer is connected with controller, wherein, mileage signal is transferred to controller by the coding mileage wheel, the controller controls the sampling of laser ranging system according to the mileage signal that coding mileage wheel transmits and sampled data is transferred to controller by laser ranging system, sampled data is transferred to host computer by the controller, the host computer handles data.The detection system of the utility model ensure that equipment reliably and on the premise of measurement result validity, two sets of measuring systems for needing to use in the prior art have been simplified to a set of detection system, enormously simplify device structure, convenient can be installed on track detection device, practical and convenient, applicability is wide.
Description
Technical field
A kind of detection system is the utility model is related to, more particularly to a kind of sleeper that is used for identifies positioning and fastener defects detection
Detection system, the detection system based on laser ranging realize.
Background technology
Rail track is usually made of components such as rail, sleeper, fastener, apron blocks, wherein, sleeper is as direct support steel
The component of rail, had both needed the position of rail to be kept, and prevents track and situation about smoothing out occurs, and needs rail transmission
Immense pressure pass to railway roadbed again, prevent rail from the problem of deformation occur.Therefore, realize sleeper identification and position to railway
Safe operation has great significance.
At present, the identification method of sleeper mainly includes infrared recognition technique, ultrasonic wave identification technology and close to switch identification
Technology etc..Wherein, infrared recognition technique and ultrasonic wave identification technology is of high cost, and technology is relative complex, and all using simulation
Amount input, further increases system complexity, and greatly reduce the Stability and dependability of system.And know close to switch
Other technology for detection is when detecting Ballast track, and because sleeper and railway ballast dielectric constants are very few, very big do can be brought to measurement
Disturb, in addition, the collision close to switch and railway ballast can also have an impact measurement.
In addition to sleeper, important component of the fastener as connection rail and sleeper between the two, in the correct position of fixed rail
Put, prevent the displacement laterally or longitudinally of rail, prevent tumbling etc. for rail from playing very important effect.In actual fortune
In capable rail track, the defects of fastener, such as lose or fracture, all can greatly influence the traffic safety of train.Therefore, how
The fastener for finding in time and replacing existing defects is a very important job in the detection of whole rail track.
At present, based on China is still in a manner of manually inspecting the road in terms of the fastener defects detection, this method to worker and
Speech labor intensity is big, inefficiency, and testing result is easily influenced by natural conditions and worker's subjective condition.Industrial quarters in recent years
Occur carrying out fastener detection, but bad environments on track using the mode of image procossing, image procossing mode is by the external world
Noise jamming is extremely serious, there is the requirement of higher in terms of this contacting piece defects detection.
Current sleeper identification positioning and fastener defects detection are usually required for two systems to complete, this improves detector
The manufacture cost of device.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a kind of detection system, sleeper and fastener can be carried out at the same time under the complex environment of track
Effectively detection.
Utility model content
The deficiency for more than, the utility model provide a kind of sleeper that is used for based on laser and identify positioning and the inspection of fastener defect
The detection system of survey.
The utility model reaches above-mentioned purpose by following scheme：
Identify the detection system of positioning and fastener defects detection for sleeper, including laser ranging system, coding mileage wheel,
Controller and host computer, it is described coding mileage wheel be connected with controller, the laser ranging system is connected with controller, it is described on
Position machine is connected with controller, wherein, mileage signal is transferred to controller by the coding mileage wheel, and the controller is according to coding
The sampling of the mileage signal control laser ranging system of mileage wheel transmission, and sampled data is transferred to control by laser ranging system
Sampled data is transferred to host computer by device processed, the controller, and the host computer handles data.
Wherein, above-mentioned detection system is using track detection car as carrier.
The laser ranging system includes laser displacement sensor and the protector for sensor being connected with sensor.
The laser displacement sensor is used for measurement sensor to the distance of underface object, and data transfer is given
Controller.
Wherein, the laser displacement sensor is installed on carrier base.
Since the material of sleeper is mostly that concrete, domestic common fastener are that cast iron such as makes at the factor, it is preferred that described to swash
Optical displacement sensor uses the wide spot type sensor of diffusing reflection Installation Modes, is adapted for rough object measurement.
To remove redundant data, reducing host computer data processing amount, it is preferred that the measurement model of the laser displacement sensor
The distance to sleeper top surface more than sensor mounting location is enclosed, less than the distance of sensor mounting location to railway roadbed.
In a preferred embodiment, the laser displacement sensor is passed using the wide spot type of diffusing reflection Installation Modes
Sensor, the measurement range of the laser displacement sensor is more than sensor mounting location to the distance of sleeper top surface, less than sensing
Distance of the device installation site to railway roadbed, it is allowed to measurement temperature scope to meet the temperature regime of operation field locality, sampling frequency
Rate need to make choice according to the gait of march of track detection car.
The protector for sensor is for the adverse circumstances on reply rail diatom, guarantee normal operation of sensor.
The coding mileage wheel is connected with the wheel of track detection car, measures car operating range, the car measured is travelled
Distance is calculated as trigger pulse and is transferred to controller so as to provide the sample frequency of laser ranging system to controller.
Wherein, the selection of the parameter such as the coding mileage size of wheel, line number uses frequency according to laser displacement sensor
Rate makes choice.
The controller is the device for directly controlling the equipment of the system and/or obtaining the status of equipment of system, including list
Piece machine.
The controller is installed on track detection car, is on the one hand used to control the sampling process of laser displacement sensor to include
Sample frequency, is on the one hand collected processing to the sampled data of laser displacement sensor and sends supreme position machine.
The host computer processing data refer to that host computer is calculated by the arrangement to measurement data and judge surveying range sleeper
It whether there is, fastener whether there is defect etc..
Preferably, the host computer processing data include calculating the average value of measurement data, calculate the pass of sleeper and mileage
System, calculates the sleeper number of surveying range, the sleeper number of fastener defect and corresponding mileage.
The host computer can also send controller the instruction of control laser ranging system sample frequency.
Preferably, the host computer further includes electronic display, and the result after calculating or judgement can be shown.
For example, in a preferred embodiment, the host computer is by the parameter of adjustment control device so as to control laser
The sample frequency of displacement sensor.
In a preferred embodiment, the host computer shares for all detection systems of track detection car, rather than one
Detection system uses a host computer, and system control and the data processing software of each subsystem are programmed into host computer.
Wherein, the position relationship of sleeper and mileage, fastener defect recognition relation are automatically real by the software algorithm of host computer
It is existing.
In a preferred embodiment, sleeper identification positioning and the spy of fastener defects detection are used for based on laser ranging
Examining system will be installed on track detection car, including laser ranging system, coding mileage wheel, controller and host computer, laser ranging
System is installed on the bottom of track detection car, including laser displacement sensor and protector for sensor, and laser displacement sensor is used
Distance in measurement sensor to underface object, and by data transfer to controller；Protector for sensor is to answer
To the adverse circumstances on rail diatom, ensure normal operation of sensor；Laser displacement sensor is controlled by controller, with system
Controller transmitted in both directions, coding mileage wheel are connected with the wheel of track detecting trolley, can measure trolley operating range, and with being
System controller is connected, and according to the trolley operating range measured, device provides sampling trigger pulse in order to control, so that system controller
The sampling interval of laser displacement sensor can be controlled, controller is installed on track detection car carrier, is made of microcontroller, on the one hand
For controlling the sampling process of laser displacement sensor, processing on the one hand is collected to the measurement data of sensor and is sent extremely
Host computer, host computer are used to receive the measurement data after controller is handled, and can calculate the average height of an intersegmental interior measurement,
And testing result, the as a result relation comprising sleeper and mileage, surveying range sleeper number, fastener defect are generated by embedded software
Sleeper number and corresponding mileage；Staff can also send controller by host computer instruction, adjustment control device parameter from
And control the sampling frequency of laser displacement sensor.
When using the above scheme, whole system is mostly installed at track detection car bottom, rail rail level top.
For example, in a preferred embodiment, before detection, staff according to in-site measurement condition, (such as transport by device
Scanning frequency degree etc.) by host computer setting systematic sampling parameter, when track detection device setting in motion, it is connected with device wheel
Coding mileage wheel start to work therewith, in the distance that mileage wheel turns over a circle, mileage wheel will produce quantity be equal to its line number
Trigger pulse be conveyed to controller, as controller control laser displacement sensor sampling foundation, system controller receive
To the pulse from mileage wheel, according to advance setting, after the trigger pulse for receiving a number of a mileage wheel, to laser sensing
Device sends a sampling pulse, after laser displacement sensor receives the sampling instruction of controller, the laser two of sensor internal
Pole pipe is to detected object emission laser pulse, and after being reflected through testee, laser pulse will be to each different side
To scattering phenomenon occurs, a part of scattering light therein can be back to the reception of laser sensor；Sensed by above procedure
Device records and handles the receiver elapsed time for being issued to scattering light and returning to laser sensor from laser pulse, from
And it can determine that the distance between target location and sensor；The number of object distance laser displacement sensor distance immediately below obtaining
According to rear, it be transferred to controller and handled, system controller receives data, is sent after being collected processing to host computer, upper
Machine software calculates received data, is collected, and exports reference data and testing result such as result figure.
The data obtained is showed in host computer in the form of numeral and coordinate diagram, and the numeral measured illustrates at this time when being 0
Sensor is located at the top of railway roadbed；The data measured illustrate there is sleeper below sensor when not being 0, and concrete condition can foundation
Coordinate diagram judges.Coordinate diagram abscissa is the mileage number that track detection device is advanced, and unit is rice；Ordinate is laser displacement
For the sensor that sensor measures to the distance of underface object, unit is millimeter；It is further preferred that to make intuitively displaying measurement
As a result, facilitating staff to consult, all coordinate points are marked on fourth quadrant by processing.Wherein, coordinate diagram can intuitively be shown
The state of fastener, sleeper and railway spike is shown, upper computer software can determine position, the fastener of sleeper according to coordinate diagram by algorithm
Whether appearance is broken, lacks, and whether railway spike situations such as missing occurs.
In conclusion being based on prior art defect, the utility model provides a kind of detection system, and the system installation is in-orbit
Examine on trolley, the distance equipped using laser distance measuring principle measurement laser displacement sensor to underface circuit, according to not collinear
The measurement result difference of road equipment carries out sleeper identification, is realized by comparing tested fastener image with normal fastener image
The position relationship of fastener defect detection, sleeper and mileage, fastener defect recognition are automatically real by the software algorithm built in host computer
It is existing, so as to fulfill sleeper identification and the diagnosis of fastener defect.
The detection system of the utility model ensure that equipment reliably and under the precursor of measurement result validity, by existing skill
Two sets of measuring systems for needing to use in art have been simplified to a set of detection system, enormously simplify device structure, convenient can install
Practical and convenient on track detection device, applicability is wide.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection diagram of the detection system of the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram installed during the detection system use of the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3 is testing result figure of the detection system of the utility model embodiment when detecting normal orbit；
Fig. 4 (a) is detection knot of the detection system of the utility model embodiment when rail clip is broken
Fruit is schemed；
Fig. 4 (b) is detection knot of the detection system of the utility model embodiment when rail clip lacks
Fruit is schemed；
Fig. 4 (c) is detection knot of the detection system of the utility model embodiment when track railway spike lacks
Fruit is schemed；
Wherein：1- track detection cars；2- encodes mileage wheel；3- controllers；4- laser displacement sensors；5- railway spikes；6- fasteners；
7- sleepers.
Embodiment
The utility model is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
It is as shown in Figure 1 a kind of detection system that positioning and fastener defects detection are identified for sleeper, by laser ranging system
System, coding mileage wheel, controller and host computer composition, controller respectively with laser ranging system, coding mileage wheel and host computer
It is connected, thus constitutes the detection system of the utility model embodiment.
In above-mentioned detection system, key of the controller as whole system, coding mileage wheel transfers data to control
Device, the sampling for the data control laser ranging system that controller is transmitted according to coding mileage wheel, laser ranging system is by hits
According to controller is transferred to, then sampled data is transferred to host computer by controller again, and data are handled by host computer, is utilized
Algorithm etc. carries out the identification positioning of sleeper, fastener defects detection.
As shown in Fig. 2, sleeper identification positioning and the detection system installation of fastener defects detection are used for based on laser ranging
On track detection car 1, wherein coding mileage wheel 2 is installed in track detection car and is connected with wheel and system controller 3；System controls
Device 3 is made of SCM system, is fixed on track detection device 1, with coding mileage wheel 2, host computer (not shown) and
Laser displacement sensor 4 (protector for sensor is not shown) is connected, and receives data, transmission signal；Laser displacement sensor 4 is put
Above 1 bottom of track detection car, track, measure laser displacement sensor 4 at work includes railway spike to underface rail device
5th, between fastener 6, sleeper 7 between distance.
The course of work of the system includes：
The first step：Open power supply, start host computer, the parameter of speed, coding mileage wheel 2 according to track detection car 1 and
The sample frequency input control instruction of laser displacement sensor 4, determines sampling frequency, completes the initial work of system.
Second step：When direction shown in track detection car 1 along Fig. 2 arrows is advanced, coding mileage wheel 2 starts coding count,
During track detection car 1 runs over 2 size distance of coding mileage wheel, coding mileage wheel 2 sends and its line controller 3
The equal pulse number of number, device 3, which provides, in order to control samples foundation；The control instruction set before according to work, controller 3 are connecing
By coding mileage wheel 2, several pulse informations just send laser displacement sensor 4 trigger pulse, and triggering laser displacement passes
Sensor 4 is sampled work.
3rd step：Laser displacement sensor 4 launches laser pulse after trigger pulse is received, to underface, transmitting
After running into testee diffusing reflection occurs for laser pulse, and the optics that laser displacement sensor 4 can be mapped to after some light reflection passes
At sensor, so as to be detected, the light velocity is about 3x108M/s, is transmitted back at optical sensor from being issued to according to laser pulse
Time, you can calculate laser displacement sensor 4 to the distance between testee, the data transfer measured to system controller 3
Host computer storage is gone to after processing, completes the measurement process of system.
4th step:The data of host computer are reached after collection is handled, are shown in the form of two kinds of numeral and coordinate diagram
In the electronic display of position machine, referred to for the staff of detection.
To enable staff more directly to be diagnosed to the state of sleeper and fastener, all data carry out taking negative
Data, are concentrated on the lower right of coordinate diagram by processing, that is, fourth quadrant is shown, as shown in Figure 3.
After system completes above-mentioned steps, staff sleeper identification can be carried out by testing result and fastener defect is examined
Disconnected work.
Fig. 3 be shown each component of track it is normal when the image that is presented of host computer.Due to railway spike 7, fastener 8 and sleeper 9
Deng equipment in the investigative range of laser displacement sensor 4 and railway roadbed does not exist, therefore the place occurred such as figure in Fig. 3 shows this
There is sleeper in a place, and the region for being shown as 0 shows that this place is the gap between sleeper, that is, railway roadbed part.The figure of Fig. 3
The part of the top corresponds to the railway spike 7 in equipment in shape, and middle curved portion corresponds to the fastener 8 in equipment, the portion of lowermost end
Divide the sleeper 9 in corresponding equipment.Fastener 7 on railway is a kind of device for having special shape, it is under normal circumstances upper
Imaging on machine is as shown in curve in Fig. 3.
And what Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 4 (c) showed is the testing result presented under fastener abnormal conditions on host computer.
By the contrast with Fig. 3, it can be clearly seen that right half part curve lacks in Fig. 4 (a), this shows that the fastener at this occurs
The situation of fracture；Whole curve missing in Fig. 4 (b), this shows the situation for occurring fastener missing at this；Curve in Fig. 4 (c)
There is missing in normal but image topmost portion, although this shows that fastener is normal on sleeper at this, railway spike missing occurs
Situation, fastener cisco unity malfunction.
, can be into by the image distribution of testing result on host computer display in conclusion be detected using the system
Row sleeper identifies；By analyzing the difference of ill fastener and normal fastener detection image, it can fast and accurately find that fastener lacks
Fall into.
The above, is only the preferable specific embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not
This is confined to, any one skilled in the art is in the technical scope that the utility model discloses, according to this practicality
New technical solution and its design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. for sleeper identification positioning and the detection system of fastener defects detection, it is characterised in that including laser ranging system, compile
Code mileage wheel, controller and host computer, the coding mileage wheel are connected with controller, and the laser ranging system and controller connect
Connecing, the host computer is connected with controller, wherein, mileage signal is transferred to controller, the control by the coding mileage wheel
The sampling for the mileage signal control laser ranging system that device is transmitted according to coding mileage wheel, and laser ranging system is by hits
According to controller is transferred to, sampled data is transferred to host computer by the controller, and the host computer handles data.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that above-mentioned detection system is using track detection car as carrier.
3. system according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the laser ranging system is sensed including laser displacement
Device and the protector for sensor being connected with sensor.
4. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the laser displacement sensor is to install mould using diffusing reflection
The wide spot type sensor of formula.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the host computer processing data include calculating measurement data
Average value, the relation for calculating sleeper and mileage, calculate the sleeper number of surveying range, the sleeper number of fastener defect and it is corresponding in
Journey.
6. system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the host computer can be also sent on Laser Measuring controller
Instruction away from system sampling frequency.
7. system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the laser displacement sensor is used for measurement sensor to just
The distance of underlying object, and by data transfer to controller.
8. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the controller includes microcontroller.
9. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the coding mileage wheel is connected with the wheel of track detection car,
Car operating range is measured, the track detection car operating range measured is calculated as trigger pulse is transferred to controller so as to control
Device provides the sampling interval of laser ranging system.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109532941A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-29 | 山东北斗华宸导航技术股份有限公司 | The contactless detection method of high-speed rail non-fragment orbit information of road surface |
| CN110239587A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of theoretical detection method of determining damage fastener position |
| CN110723167A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-24 | 田更 | Sleeper spacing detection recording device for railway daily maintenance |
| CN111391881A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所 | Method and device for detecting fastening state of steel rail fastener |
| TWI700566B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-08-01 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Method for diagnosing abnormal dies in fastener making machine and computer program product thereof |
| CN112014848A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-12-01 | 深圳技术大学 | Sleeper positioning method, sleeper positioning device and electronic equipment |
| CN112304331A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-02 | 西南交通大学 | Ultrasonic-based train odometer and mileage calculation method |
| CN114179852A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-15 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Method for detecting contour of ground object of track |
| CN116086292A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-09 | 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 | Fastener bolt position detection method and engineering truck |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109532941A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-29 | 山东北斗华宸导航技术股份有限公司 | The contactless detection method of high-speed rail non-fragment orbit information of road surface |
| CN109532941B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-09-25 | 山东北斗华宸导航技术股份有限公司 | Non-contact detection method for pavement information of ballastless track of high-speed rail |
| CN110239587B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Theoretical detection method for determining position of damaged fastener |
| CN110239587A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of theoretical detection method of determining damage fastener position |
| CN110723167A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-24 | 田更 | Sleeper spacing detection recording device for railway daily maintenance |
| TWI700566B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-08-01 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Method for diagnosing abnormal dies in fastener making machine and computer program product thereof |
| CN112014848A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-12-01 | 深圳技术大学 | Sleeper positioning method, sleeper positioning device and electronic equipment |
| CN112014848B (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳技术大学 | Sleeper positioning method, sleeper positioning device and electronic equipment |
| CN111391881A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-10 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测研究所 | Method and device for detecting fastening state of steel rail fastener |
| CN112304331A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-02 | 西南交通大学 | Ultrasonic-based train odometer and mileage calculation method |
| CN114179852A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-03-15 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Method for detecting contour of ground object of track |
| CN116086292A (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-05-09 | 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 | Fastener bolt position detection method and engineering truck |
| CN116086292B (en) * | 2023-04-12 | 2023-08-15 | 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 | Fastener bolt position detection method and engineering truck |
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Inventor after: Zhang Hua Inventor after: Zhang Hang Inventor after: He Haining Inventor after: Zhou Xu Inventor after: Lv Hongtao Inventor before: Zhang Hua Inventor before: Zhang Hang Inventor before: He Haining Inventor before: Zhou Xu Inventor before: Lv Hongtao |