CN207251496U - A kind of H bridges chopper circuit - Google Patents
A kind of H bridges chopper circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN207251496U CN207251496U CN201721319944.0U CN201721319944U CN207251496U CN 207251496 U CN207251496 U CN 207251496U CN 201721319944 U CN201721319944 U CN 201721319944U CN 207251496 U CN207251496 U CN 207251496U
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Abstract
The utility model is a kind of H bridges chopper circuit; belong to drive circuit field; in classical H-bridge circuit; improve its protection location; including diode D5, D7, accumulator; diode D5 is connected between load prongs OUTACL and power supply ground and its conducting direction is directed toward load prongs OUTACL along power supply, and diode D7 is connected between load prongs OUTACN and power supply ground and its conducting direction is directed toward load prongs OUTACN along power supply, and accumulator is connected between input pin HVDC and power supply ground.The utility model forms energy back passage by the diode added on the basis of classical H bridges, when load is capacitive load prejudicial to circuit, output is closed in load short circuits by these energy back passages, in capacitive load, load energy is stored and when loaded work piece reversely exports and used to load, improves energy utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to drive circuit field, more particularly to a kind of H bridges chopper circuit.
Background technology
Current H bridge chopper circuit applications are very extensive, because its circuitry shapes exactly like alphabetical H, therefore gain the name " H bridges ", H bridges exist
The control terminal of its switching tube is connected by drive circuit with controller during use, is led to by the intermittence of controller controlling switch pipe
The disconnected conducting state for causing H bridges changes, so that the output electric signal with required waveform is obtained, but H bridges in the application
Circuit is there are some defects, when load be capacitive load, in a complete cycle of H bridges, when being supported on that H bridges are positive to be exported
Capacitive load charges, and then needs first to offset charged amount in capacitive load when H bridges reversely export, and then load could normal work
Make, therefore cause the work efficiency of integrated circuit low, pipe caloric value is big in circuit, is easily damaged.
Utility model content
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of H bridges and cuts the utility model
Wave circuit, can discharge, recycle the energy of capacitive load, improve efficiency, protect device, prevent the situation of damage from occurring.
The utility model use concrete technical scheme be：A kind of H bridges chopper circuit, structure include H bridges main circuit, connect
The drive circuit and detection circuit being connected in MCU control circuit, H bridge main circuits include in the form of H bridges connect switching tube V1,
V2, V3, V4, diode D3, D8, D2, D9 and input pin HVDC, load prongs OUTACL, OUTACN, the switching tube
It is in series between the line midpoint and power supply ground of V3, V4 in detection resistance R14, H bridge main circuit and is additionally provided with protection location, is protected
Unit includes inductance L1, L2, the inductance L1 be connected on load prongs OUTACL and switching tube V1, V3 line midpoint it
Between, the inductance L2 is connected between load prongs OUTACN and the line midpoint of switching tube V2, V4, and feature is, described
Protection location further includes diode D5, D7, accumulator, and diode D5 is connected between load prongs OUTACL and power supply ground and it
Conducting direction is directed toward load prongs OUTACL along power supply, diode D7 be connected between load prongs OUTACN and power supply ground and
Its conducting direction is directed toward load prongs OUTACN along power supply, and accumulator is connected between input pin HVDC and power supply ground.
The protection location further includes diode D4, and diode D4 is connected on load prongs OUTACL and input pin
Between HVDC and its conducting direction is directed toward input pin HVDC along load prongs OUTACL.
The protection location further includes diode D6, and diode D6 is connected on load prongs OUTACN and input pin
Between HVDC and its conducting direction is directed toward input pin HVDC along load prongs OUTACN.
The detection circuit includes input voltage detection circuit 5a, average current sample circuit 5b, Peak current sampling
Circuit 4, temperature sampling circuit 5c, the input terminal of input voltage detection circuit 5a are electrically connected with input pin HVDC, average current
The input terminal of sample circuit 5b, the input terminal of Peak current sample circuit 4 respectively with detection resistance R14 is electrically connected.
The drive circuit includes upper tube drive circuit 2a, 2b and lower tube drive circuit 2c, 2d, tube drive circuit 2a are defeated
Outlet is electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V1, and tube drive circuit 2b output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V2, and pipe drives
Dynamic circuit 2c output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V3, the control terminal electricity of tube drive circuit 2d output terminals and switching tube V4
Connection.
Capacitance C3 is parallel between load prongs OUTACL, OUTACN.
The accumulator is to include capacitor C2.
The accumulator further includes capacitor C6, and capacitor C6 is arranged in parallel with capacitor C2.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：
The utility model forms energy back passage by the diode added on the basis of classical H bridges, is loading
For capacitive load prejudicial to circuit when, output is closed in load short circuits by these energy back passages, is born in capacitive
During load, load energy is stored and when loaded work piece exports and used to load, improves energy utilization efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of H bridge main circuits in the utility model；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of upper tube drive circuit 2a；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of upper tube drive circuit 2b；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of lower tube drive circuit 2c；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of lower tube drive circuit 2d；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of input voltage detection circuit 5a；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of average current sample circuit 5b；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of temperature sampling circuit 5c；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of Peak current sample circuit；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of MCU control circuit；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 1 period a state of conducting；
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 1 period a1 state of conducting；
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 1 period b state of cut-off；
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 1 period b1 state of cut-off；
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 1 period b2 state of cut-off；
Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 2 period c states of conducting；
Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 2 period c1 states of conducting；
Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 2 period d states of cut-off；
Figure 19 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 2 period d1 states of cut-off；
Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of energy flow under 2 period d2 states of cut-off；
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail：
The utility model is a kind of H bridges chopper circuit, as shown in Figure 1, structure includes H bridges main circuit 1, is connected to MCU
Drive circuit and detection circuit in control circuit 3, the catenation principle figure of MCU control circuit 3 is as shown in Figure 10, H bridges main circuit 1
Switching tube V1, V2, V3, V4, diode D3, D8, D2, D9 and the input pin HVDC, load for including connecting in the form of H bridges draw
The internal diode or external diode of foot OUTACL, OUTACN, wherein diode D3, D8, D2, D9 for switching tube, it is described
Switching tube V3, V4 line midpoint and power supply ground between be in series with detection resistance R14, H bridge main circuit 1 and be additionally provided with protection
Unit, protection location include inductance L1, L2, and the inductance L1 is connected on load prongs OUTACL and switching tube V1, V3
Between line midpoint, the inductance L2 is connected between load prongs OUTACN and the line midpoint of switching tube V2, V4, feature
It is that the protection location further includes diode D5, D7, accumulator 6, diode D5 is connected on load prongs OUTACL and power supply
Between ground and its conducting direction is directed toward load prongs OUTACL, diode D7 along power supply and is connected on load prongs OUTACN and electricity
Between the ground of source and its conducting direction is directed toward load prongs OUTACN along power supply, and accumulator 6 is connected on input pin HVDC and electricity
Between the ground of source.
Specific implementation：
It is assumed that prime supply voltage is 300V (i.e. HVDC is 300V), the alternating voltage of 50HZ is obtained, it is assumed that leave
0.5ms dead times, (by the adjusting of duty cycle, that is, adjust dead time, can adjust 50HZ alternating current it is equivalent
Voltage), by the switching sequence of V1, V2, V3, V4 of MCU controller controlling switch pipes (with a complete cycle of 0-20ms)
Exemplified by：
Table 1：
Specific embodiment 1：
Situation one, OUTACL, OUTACN two terminate capacitive load, start to start work
1), turned on for 1 period：
A, controller opens V1, V4, V2, V3 close, then load on electric current by V1, L1, load L2, V4, R14, i.e., such as
Figure 11 forms circuit and is flowed, and since load is capacitive, L1, L2 are perception, then whole loop current is stepped up, load
Both end voltage is stepped up, and R14 both end voltages are to gradually rise, and there will be two kinds of situations at this time：
a1:If R14 both end voltages reach preset value, V4 closes (switching tube state：V1 is opened, and V2, V3, V4 are closed), due to
L1, L2 electric current are not 0, and electric current can be then formed into a loop by V1, L1, load, L2, D8, such as Figure 12, powering load, while L1,
L2 electric currents progressively decline, this state amounts to the 50us that is delayed, and open V4, repeat a states.
a2:If R14 both end voltages fail to reach preset value, switching tube is failure to actuate, holding current state, wherein L1,
Load, L2 have concussion, carry out clamper to inductive drop by D4, D5, D6, D7, protect device.
A, the judgement circulation of a1, a2 are repeated several times, and are arrived until the 9.5ms times, this moment no matter whether R14 reaches predetermined value,
Into ending for 1 period.
2), ended for 1 period：
Controller closes V1, V2, opens V3, V4, and since load is capacitive, after switching, load both end voltage also keeps cutting
State i.e. OUTACL before changing for+, OUTACN for-, as shown in Table 1
b:The electric energy loaded at this time can be flowed through overload, L1, V3, R14, D7 circuit, such as Figure 13, due to there is inductance L1,
Electric current in circuit can be stepped up, and the electric field energy in load is converted into the magnetic field energy in L1, and the voltage of R14 is also stepped up,
Also there will be two kinds of situations at this time：
b1:R14 voltages reach preset value, then V3, V4 close (switching tube state：V1, V2, V3, V4 close), inductance L1 by
In there is magnetic field energy, electric current therein can pass through D3, accumulator 6, D7, load flowing, and magnetic field energy, is converted into accumulator by such as Figure 14
6 internal electric field energy, this state amount to the 50us that is delayed, and are again turned on V3, V4, repeat b.
b2:R14 voltages do not reach preset value, then switching tube is failure to actuate, and the electric field energy of load is all converted according to the circuit in b
For the magnetic field energy of L1, then L1 electric currents pass through V3, R14, D5 flowing, such as Figure 15, so as to keep the magnetic field energy of L1.
B, the judgement circulation of b1, b2 are repeated several times, and are arrived until the 10ms times, then are switched to 2 states of conducting.
3), turned on for 2 periods：
C, controller opens V2, V3, and V1, V4 are closed, then the electric current in load is by V2, L2, load, L1, V3, R14, i.e., such as
Figure 16 forms circuit and is flowed, and since load is capacitive, L1, L2 are perception, then whole loop current is stepped up, load
Both end voltage is stepped up, and R14 both end voltages are to gradually rise, and there will be two kinds of situations at this time：
c1:If R14 both end voltages reach preset value, V3 closes (switching tube state：V2 is opened, and V1, V3, V4 are closed), due to
L1, L2 electric current are not 0, and electric current can be then formed into a loop by V2, L2, load, L1, D3, such as Figure 17, powering load, while L1,
L2 electric currents progressively decline, this state amounts to the 50us that is delayed, and open V3, repeat c states.
c2:If R14 both end voltages fail to reach preset value, it is failure to actuate, keeps current state, wherein L1, load, L2
Concussion is had, clamper is carried out to inductive drop by D4, D5, D6, D7, protects device.
C, the judgement circulation of c1, c2 are repeated several times, and are arrived until the 19.5ms times, into ending for 2 periods.
4), ended for 2 periods：
Controller closes V1, V2, opens V3, V4, and since load is capacitive, after switching, load both end voltage also keeps cutting
State i.e. OUTACL before changing for-, OUTACN for+, as shown in Table 1
d:The electric energy loaded at this time can be flowed through overload, L2, V4, R14, D5 circuit, such as Figure 18, due to there is inductance L2,
Electric current in circuit can be stepped up, and the electric field energy in load is converted into the magnetic field energy in L1, and the voltage of R14 is also stepped up,
Also there will be two kinds of situations at this time：
d1:R14 voltages reach preset value, then V3, V4 close (switching tube state：V1, V2, V3, V4 close), inductance L2 by
In there is magnetic field energy, electric current therein can pass through D8, accumulator 6, D5, load flowing, and magnetic field energy, is converted into accumulator by such as Figure 19
6 internal electric field energy, this state amount to the 50us that is delayed, and are again turned on V3, V4, repeat d.
d2:R14 voltages do not reach preset value, then are failure to actuate, and the electric field energy of load is converted to L2's according to the circuit in d
Magnetic field energy, then L2 electric currents pass through V4, R14, D7 flowing, such as Figure 20, so as to keep the magnetic field energy of L2.
D, the judgement circulation of d1, d2 are repeated several times, and are arrived until the 20ms times, then 1 state of conducting are switched to, into next week
Phase is circulated.
Situation two, OUTACL, OUTACN two terminate inductive load (such as electric machinery load), it controls situation and energy flow
It is identical with situation one.
Illustrate, act described above process for any load (resistive load, capacitive load, inductive load, or
The load of person's mixed type), controller can all perform above action, and in the process of implementation, whether controller is by detecting R14 voltages
The control that preset value carries out each switching tube is reached, i.e. controller independently determines the specific of each pipe by the detection to R14
Execution state, thus for each switching tube perform the frequency of switch motion, number be it is different, in above process will load
Energy is converted so that in reversal periods, load is in readiness, can preferably work, favorably
Circuit efficiency is improved in the utilization rate for improving electric energy.
Specific embodiment 2, as further improvement of the utility model, is caused at load prongs to solve capacitive load
Voltage increases to over the situation of HVDC numerical value, and (during capacitive load, when charging to capacitance, inductance and capacitance have resonance, resonance electricity
Pressing through height can cause output voltage excessive, be easily damaged load, so two diode clamps of increase, exist voltage clamping
HVDC, is unlikely to raise), the protection location further includes diode D4, diode D4 be connected on load prongs OUTACL with
Between input pin HVDC and its conducting direction is directed toward input pin HVDC along load prongs OUTACL, and diode D4 is as afterflow
Diode, when V1, V4 opening are normally exported in period conducting 1, after energy is filled in load, OUTANL voltages are after of continuing rising
Height, when D4 cathode voltage-D4 cathode voltage ＞ D4 conduction voltage drops, afterflow is carried out by D4, will be unnecessary by D4, V1, L1
Energy expenditure discharges, and prevents the danger caused by overvoltage, wherein the D4 added, which ensure that, is turning on the safety of device in 1 cycle.
Specific embodiment 3, the protection location further include diode D6, and diode D6 is connected on load prongs OUTACN
Between input pin HVDC and its conducting direction is directed toward input pin HVDC along load prongs OUTACN.The D6 wherein added is protected
Demonstrate,prove and turned on the safety of device in 2 cycles.
Specific embodiment 4, as the further perfect of the utility model, the detection circuit includes as shown in Figure 6
Input voltage detection circuit 5a, average current sample circuit 5b as shown in Figure 7, Peak current sample circuit as shown in Figure 9
4th, the input terminal of temperature sampling circuit 5c as shown in Figure 8, input voltage detection circuit 5a are electrically connected with input pin HVDC, are put down
Equal current sampling circuit 5b, input terminal of the input terminal of Peak current sample circuit 4 respectively with detection resistance R14 are electrically connected.
Further, the drive circuit includes upper tube drive circuit 2a (such as Fig. 2), 2b (such as Fig. 3) and down tube driving
Circuit 2c (such as Fig. 4), 2d (such as Fig. 5), tube drive circuit 2a output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V1, tube drive circuit
2b output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V2, and tube drive circuit 2c output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V3,
Tube drive circuit 2d output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V4.
Specifically, upper tube drive circuit 2a includes photoelectricity coupling pipe U1, diode D1, the anode series connection of photoelectricity coupling pipe U1
It is connected after resistance R1 with the OUTA_1 pins of controller, the minus earth of photoelectricity coupling pipe U1, the collector of photoelectricity coupling pipe U1
It is electrically connected with the V1 control terminals 2a_1 on H bridge main circuits, the emitter of photoelectricity coupling pipe U1 and V1, V3 electricity on H bridge main circuits
Midpoint 2a_2 is electrically connected, diode D1 cathodes connection 17V direct current cathodes, is connected after diode D1 anode series resistances R3
It is connected between the V1 control terminals 2a_1 on the collector and H bridge main circuits of electric coupling pipe U1, diode D1 anode are coupled with photoelectricity
Capacitor is also parallel between the emitter of pipe U1, upper drive circuit 2b is identical with 2a structures.
Lower tube drive circuit 2c, including triode Q5, resistance R11, resistance R12, resistance R11, R12 are connected on 17V power supplys
Between cathode and H bridge main circuits 2c_1, the collector of triode Q5 is connected to the electric midpoint of resistance R11, R12, triode Q5's
Emitter is connected to the 2c_2 ends of H bridge main circuits, and lower tube drive circuit 2c, further comprises diode D11, diode D11 is just
Pole is connected to the overcurrent protection end of controller, the base stage of connecting triode Q5 after the anode series resistance R10 of diode D11, and three
The base stage of pole pipe Q5 is also connected on the OUTA_2 ends of controller, OUTA_2 ends and the 17V positive poles of controller by resistance R9
Between be in series with resistance R8, lower tube drive circuit 2C is identical with 2d structures.
Capacitance C3 is parallel between load prongs OUTACL, OUTACN, capacitance C3 is that filtering is used, to spike electricity
It is pressed with inhibitory action.
Other devices of the accumulator 6 for capacitor C2 or storage battery or with energy storage function, such as super capacitor.Do
To provide a device of energy to load.
The utility model forms energy back passage by the diode added on the basis of classical H bridges, is loading
For capacitive load prejudicial to circuit when,, can will be negative either in any load by these energy back passages
Carry energy and return to accumulator, improve energy utilization efficiency., can also be good under the extreme cases such as output short-circuit load excessive
Device is protected, so as to improve the reliability of integrated circuit.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of H bridges chopper circuit, structure includes H bridges main circuit (1), the drive circuit being connected in MCU control circuit (3)
And detection circuit, H bridges main circuit (1) include in the form of H bridges connect switching tube V1, V2, V3, V4, diode D3, D8, D2,
D9 and input pin HVDC, load prongs OUTACL, OUTACN, the line midpoint of described switching tube V3, V4 and power supply ground it
Between be in series with detection resistance R14, H bridge main circuit (1) and be additionally provided with protection location, protection location includes inductance L1, L2, institute
The inductance L1 stated is connected between load prongs OUTACL and the line midpoint of switching tube V1, V3, and the inductance L2 is connected on
Between load prongs OUTACN and the line midpoint of switching tube V2, V4, it is characterised in that：The protection location further includes two poles
Pipe D5, D7, accumulator (6), diode D5 is connected between load prongs OUTACL and power supply ground and its conducting direction is along power supply
Ground is directed toward load prongs OUTACL, and diode D7 is connected between load prongs OUTACN and power supply ground and its conducting direction edge electricity
Load prongs OUTACN is directed toward to source, accumulator (6) is connected between input pin HVDC and power supply ground.
A kind of 2. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The protection location further includes two poles
Pipe D4, diode D4 are connected between load prongs OUTACL and input pin HVDC and its conducting direction is along load prongs
OUTACL is directed toward input pin HVDC.
A kind of 3. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The protection location further includes two poles
Pipe D6, diode D6 are connected between load prongs OUTACN and input pin HVDC and its conducting direction is along load prongs
OUTACN is directed toward input pin HVDC.
A kind of 4. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The detection circuit includes input electricity
Press detection circuit (5a), average current sample circuit (5b), Peak current sample circuit (4), temperature sampling circuit (5c), input
The input terminal of voltage detecting circuit (5a) is electrically connected with input pin HVDC, and average current sample circuit (5b), Peak current are adopted
Input terminal of the input terminal of sample circuit (4) respectively with detection resistance R14 is electrically connected.
A kind of 5. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The drive circuit drives including upper tube
Dynamic circuit (2a, 2b) and lower tube drive circuit (2c, 2d), tube drive circuit 2a output terminals and the control terminal of switching tube V1 are electrically connected
Connect, tube drive circuit 2b output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V2, and tube drive circuit 2c output terminals are with switching tube V3's
Control terminal is electrically connected, and tube drive circuit 2d output terminals are electrically connected with the control terminal of switching tube V4.
A kind of 6. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The load prongs OUTACL,
Capacitance C3 is parallel between OUTACN.
A kind of 7. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The accumulator (6) is to include capacitance
Device C2.
A kind of 8. H bridges chopper circuit according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The accumulator (6) further includes capacitance
Device C6, capacitor C6 are arranged in parallel with capacitor C2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721319944.0U CN207251496U (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | A kind of H bridges chopper circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721319944.0U CN207251496U (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | A kind of H bridges chopper circuit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207251496U true CN207251496U (en) | 2018-04-17 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721319944.0U Active CN207251496U (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | A kind of H bridges chopper circuit |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114285252A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-05 | 珠海拓锐德电子科技有限公司 | Full-bridge rectification drive circuit of field effect transistor |
-
2017
- 2017-10-13 CN CN201721319944.0U patent/CN207251496U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114285252A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-05 | 珠海拓锐德电子科技有限公司 | Full-bridge rectification drive circuit of field effect transistor |
| CN114285252B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-10-13 | 珠海拓锐德电子科技有限公司 | Full-bridge rectifying driving circuit of field effect transistor |
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