Background technology
Steel and iron industry, metal product industry are carried out when removing steel surface iron scale in process of production usually using hydrochloric acid
Pickling, substantial amounts of acid pickle can be produced in acid cleaning process, the composition of hydrochloric acid pickling waste liquor is mainly:Free acid, frerrous chloride and
Water, its content is with acid cleaning process, operation temperature, steel material, specification are different and it is different;General chloride containing is ferrous:20~30%, trip
From acid:5~8%, remaining is water and other impurities.
The existing processing method to hydrochloride waste includes:1) calcination, it is to utilize FeCl2In high temperature, have and fill
The characteristic of hydrolysis can be quantified under conditions of sufficient vapor and appropriate oxygen, directly by FeCl in calcining furnace2Be converted into hydrochloric acid and
Fe2O3;2) iron salt method is reclaimed, the methods of using iron powder, evaporation and concentration, diffusion dialysis is added, obtains the products such as iron chloride;Utilize
The waste liquid production product such as iron chloride is although feasible, but the product such as iron chloride, there is product market capacity is small, hopeless asks
Topic, and some enterprises use the hydrochloric acid of other enterprise's by-products to take the harmful material of some of them to iron chloride as raw material
In, cause secondary pollution, consequence is hardly imaginable.
At present, it is to solve the problems, such as pickle liquor most thoroughly method using calcination, it is possible to achieve the reuse of hydrochloric acid,
But its threshold is higher, investment is huge, and not general small business can bear;And most small business is daily
Spent acid underproduces ten tons, can not realize that scale is handled.
For the domestic Ruthner dinectly bruning law technologies generally used at present, with country to environmental requirement more and more
High and industry competition is more and more fierce, and it also exposes the problem of many in the application:1) because iron oxide dust removing is not thorough
Bottom, the problem of cigarette red there is outer row;2) technical process can not obtain more than 22% regeneration hydrochloric acid, reduce upstream pickling work
The efficiency of section;3) miniaturization production can not be realized, investment is too big, and small enterprise can not accept, and limit its popularization and application.
The problem of for emitting red cigarette, many documents have discussion with patent, mainly utilize the regeneration hydrochloric acid obtained
Iron oxide red dust is washed into preconcentrator, washed iron oxide dust by the acidity of hydrochloric acid.But regenerate
Hydrochloric acid is by iron chloride pyrolytic, and its disposal costs is inherently high, allows regeneration hydrochloric acid place to go to put dust, processing cost
Can further it raise.For concentration of hydrochloric acid it is low the problem of, due to being entered in Ruthner calcining technologies using water to the HCl in flue gas
Row absorbs, actually in HCl-H2O VLE plays leading role wherein, is added when adding water and being absorbed
The concentration of water so that concentration of hydrochloric acid at most can only achieve azeotropic concentration under normal pressure below 22%, therefore be difficult to obtain high concentration
Hydrochloric acid.The problem of being minimized for Ruthner calcining technologies in the miniaturization of equipment and equipment manufacturing cost, it is necessary to integrate examining
Consider.
The content of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of small-sized highly concentrated pickle liquor without red cigarette regenerative system, will enter spray preconcentrator
Flue gas in dust content be down to below 20mg/m3, thoroughly solve the problems, such as to emit red cigarette;Calcining furnace, cigarette are hydrolyzed using following spray
Gas velocity brings up to 2m/s from 0.2~0.3m/s, makes calciner volume-diminished to the 1/9 of Conventional calcination devices;Using spray
Preconcentrator, Venturi tube preconcentrator cost than routinely using is low, pressure drop is small;Gas after spray preconcentrator is directly cold
It is solidifying, so as to obtain the hydrochloric acid product of high concentration.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is realized using following technical scheme:
Small-sized highly concentrated pickle liquor is pre- without red cigarette regenerative system, including following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace, multistage rotary dust collector, spray
Inspissator, multi-stage condensing device, hydrochloric acid absorption tower, air cooling tower and scrubbing tower;The top gas of the following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace goes out
Mouth connects the lower gas entrance of spray preconcentrator by multistage rotary dust collector;It is pre- to spray the connection of pre-concentrator bottom liquid outlet
Concentration cycles pump intake, pre-concentration circulating-pump outlet connect all the way spray pre-concentration tower upper liquid entrance, another way by
Expect the airflow spray gun of pump connection following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace bottom;The top gas outlet for spraying preconcentrator is cold by multistage
Condenser connects the lower gas entrance of hydrochloric acid absorption tower;The liquid outlet of multi-stage condensing device and hydrochloric acid absorption tower connects finished product hydrochloric acid
Conveyance conduit;The cooling water inlet of multi-stage condensing device connects the coolant outlet of air cooling tower, air cooling circulation by air cooling circulating pump
The entrance of pump connects desalted water conveyance conduit in addition;The outlet of hydrochloric acid absorption tower top gas connects scrubbing tower by acidproof blower fan
Lower gas entrance, wash tower bottoms liquid outlet connect hydrochloric acid absorption tower overhead-liquid entrance and scrubber overhead by washing pump
Portion liquid inlet;Liquid inlet connects desalted water conveyance conduit in addition at the top of scrubbing tower.
The following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace is made up of combustion chamber, reative cell and airflow spray gun, and combustion chamber is located at following spray
Hydrolysis calcining furnace bottom, is connected with fuel tube;Reative cell is located at following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace top, by acid-resistant refractory brick
Build by laying bricks or stones and form;Airflow spray gun is located at the bottom of following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace, and its compressed gas entrance passes through compressed gas pipeline
It is connected with air compressor machine.
The multistage rotary dust collector comprises at least cyclone dust collectors and high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector, and cyclone dust collectors are arranged on
The upstream of high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector.
Cloth bag in the high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector is made of stainless steel, titanium, carborundum, corundum material, heatproof
More than 400 DEG C.
The multi-stage condensing device comprises at least the first condenser and the second condenser, and the first condenser and the second condenser
It is resistance to acid condenser.
The material of the resistance to acid condenser is graphite, titanium palldium alloy.
The agent structure of the spray preconcentrator is made of acid-resistant and anti-high-temperature material, is sprayed and is set at the top of preconcentrator
Multi-layer sprinkling pipe, shower lower section set sieve plate.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
1) multistage rotary dust collector is used, and high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector is added after cyclone dust collectors, realizes and enters spray
The exhaust gas dust content of preconcentrator is less than 20mg/m3, thoroughly solve the problems, such as to emit red cigarette;
2) existing hydrolysis is calcined into furnace structure to be improved, the mode that top pressure hydrojet, bottom hot blast react is changed
Fed for bottom liquid, by the way of the liquid after atomization is sprayed into reative cell by airflow spray gun upwards, flue gas flow rate is from 0.2
~0.3m/s brings up to 2m/s;And on the premise of equal disposal ability is ensured, following spray hydrolyzes the volume-diminished of calcining furnace
To the 1/9 of routine hydrolysis calcining furnace volume, device miniaturization target is realized;
3) conventional Venturi tube preconcentrator is substituted using spray inspissator, its pressure drop is small, and equipment resistance drops from 2.5kpa
As little as less than 1kPa;Equipment manufacturing cost is low simultaneously, drastically reduce the area equipment investment;
4) flue gas in preconcentrator is sprayed after cooling not directly enters hydrochloric acid absorption tower, but first carries out multistage
Condensation, HCl in flue gas is directly condensed out with water, in constant boiling point aqueous hydrochloric acid solution formed above, so as to obtain high concentration
Hydrochloric acid product, be advantageous to improve pickling efficiency after reuse;
5) as a result of spray preconcentrator and multi-stage condensing device, the flow and temperature of flue gas is considerably reduced, is made
The blower fan load obtained subsequently is greatly lowered, so as to reduce system operation expense;
6) highly concentrated pickle liquor described in the utility model can be widely applied to zinc-plated, electric without red cigarette regenerative system and method
The industries such as plating, metallic article, machine-building, steel, metal material.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in figure 1, small-sized highly concentrated pickle liquor described in the utility model hydrolyzes without red cigarette regenerative system, including following spray
Calcining furnace, multistage rotary dust collector, spray preconcentrator, multi-stage condensing device, hydrochloric acid absorption tower, air cooling tower and scrubbing tower;The lower spray
The top gas outlet of formula hydrolysis calcining furnace connects the lower gas entrance of spray preconcentrator by multistage rotary dust collector;Spray is pre-
Inspissator bottom liquid outlet connects pre-concentration pump entry, and pre-concentration circulating-pump outlet connects on spray pre-concentration tower all the way
Portion liquid inlet, another way connect the airflow spray gun of following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace bottom by feed pump;Spray preconcentrator
Top gas outlet by multi-stage condensing device connect hydrochloric acid absorption tower lower gas entrance;Multi-stage condensing device and absorption by Hydrochloric Acid
The liquid outlet connection finished product hydrochloric acid conveyance conduit of tower;The cooling water inlet of multi-stage condensing device connects air cooling by air cooling circulating pump
The coolant outlet of tower, the entrance of air cooling circulating pump connect desalted water conveyance conduit in addition;Hydrochloric acid absorption tower top gas exports
The lower gas entrance of scrubbing tower is connected by acidproof blower fan, wash tower bottoms liquid outlet connects absorption by Hydrochloric Acid by washing pump
Liquid inlet at the top of top of tower liquid inlet and scrubbing tower;Liquid inlet connects desalted water conveyance conduit in addition at the top of scrubbing tower.
The following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace is made up of combustion chamber, reative cell and airflow spray gun, and combustion chamber is located at following spray
Hydrolysis calcining furnace bottom, is connected with fuel tube;Reative cell is located at following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace top, by acid-resistant refractory brick
Build by laying bricks or stones and form;Airflow spray gun is located at the bottom of following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace, and its compressed gas entrance passes through compressed gas pipeline
It is connected with air compressor machine.
The multistage rotary dust collector comprises at least cyclone dust collectors and high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector, and cyclone dust collectors are arranged on
The upstream of high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector.
Cloth bag in the high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector is made of stainless steel, titanium, carborundum, corundum material, heatproof
More than 400 DEG C.
The multi-stage condensing device comprises at least the first condenser and the second condenser, and the first condenser and the second condenser
It is resistance to acid condenser.
The material of the resistance to acid condenser is graphite, titanium palldium alloy.
The agent structure of the spray preconcentrator is made of acid-resistant and anti-high-temperature material, is sprayed and is set at the top of preconcentrator
Multi-layer sprinkling pipe, shower lower section set sieve plate.
As shown in Fig. 2 based on the highly concentrated pickle liquor of system described in the utility model without red cigarette renovation process including as follows
Step:
1) temperature be after 85~95 DEG C of spray concentrate mix with compressed air it is bottom-up spray into following spray and hydrolyze forge
Stove is burnt, is mixed with the high-temperature flue gas of bottom combustion chamber generation in top reaction compartment and carries out pyrolytic;Following spray hydrolysis calcining
The top temperature of stove is 350~450 DEG C, and bottom temperature is 650~750 DEG C, and furnace pressure is -100~-500Pa tiny structures;Heat
Flue gas after solution is discharged from furnace roof, and the dust content in flue gas is reduced into 20mg/m by multistage rotary dust collector3Below;Multistage is removed
The powder that dirt device is collected is transported outward as iron oxide red product;
2) the highly concentrated acid waste liquid that iron concentration is 140~170g/L is sent into spray preconcentrator, after dedusting
Gas is contacted, while is concentrated, dedusting and heat exchanging process;In liquid after concentration the concentration of iron ion be 180~
220g/L, gas are cooled to 85~95 DEG C,
3) gas after cooling is sent into multi-stage condensing device to be condensed, temperature is reduced to less than 50 DEG C, multi-stage condensing device
Cooling medium use air cooling tower generation recirculated cooling water;High salt concentration acid product is isolated after gas condensation, is isolated
Gas, which enters in hydrochloric acid absorption tower, further absorbs HCl therein, obtains another part high salt concentration acid product, high salt concentration
HCl concentration is 23~25%wt in acid product;
4) it is sent to scrubbing tower after the gas boosting after hydrochloric acid absorption tower to wash, the flue gas qualified discharge after washing, in flue gas
HCl concentration be less than 10mg/m3。
The mixing ratio of the spray concentrate and compressed air is 1:1~1.5.
The efficiency of dust collection of the multistage rotary dust collector is more than 99.9%.
In the utility model, following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace bottom combustion chamber application clean fuel is burnt, clean fuel
For natural gas, diesel oil or alcohol-based fuel etc..Compressed air caused by airflow spray gun using air compressor machine is as power, by feed liquid
Be atomized as tiny particle, and with burning caused by high-temperature flue gas be sufficiently mixed.Compressed air and the ratio of liquid for (1~
1.5):1, such as 1.5:1、1.4:1、1.3:1、1.2:1、1.1:1 or 1:1.
Reaction pressure in following spray hydrolysis calcining furnace is tiny structure -100~-500Pa, for example, -100Pa, -200Pa, -
300Pa, -400Pa or -500Pa.Top temperature is 350~450 DEG C, and 650~750 DEG C of bottom temperature, furnace roof and bottom temperature have
Multiple combinations mode, for example, 350 and 650 DEG C, 400 and 650 DEG C, 450 and 650 DEG C, 350 and 700 DEG C, 350 and 750 DEG C, 450
With 650 DEG C, 450 and 700 DEG C, 450 and 750 DEG C etc..
The efficiency of dust collection of multistage rotary dust collector should reach more than 99.9%, and ensure that dust content is less than 20mg/m in flue gas3。
Spray pickle liquor in preconcentrator and use and entered with spray mode in equipment, spray equipment can use power plant
The shower and shower nozzle of desulfurization, sieve plate is set below Multi-layer sprinkling pipe, is advantageous to gas and is uniformly distributed.
The concentration of iron ion is 140~170g/L in pickle liquor, such as 140g/L, 150g/L, 160g/L, 170g/L
Or 180g/L, the concentration of iron ion is 180~220g/L in liquid after spray concentration, for example, 180g/L, 190g/L, 200g/L,
210g/L or 220g/L.
The operation temperature for spraying preconcentrator is 85~95 DEG C, such as 85 DEG C, 90 DEG C, 95 DEG C.
Multi-stage condensing device can be one-level, two-stage, three-level or more, and gas condensation temperature is finally reached less than 50 DEG C;
The concentration that hydrochloric acid product is obtained after condensation reaches 23~25%wt, such as 23%wt, 24%wt, 25%wt.
The concentration of the another part hydrochloric acid product obtained after hydrochloric acid absorption tower absorbs reaches 23~25%wt, such as
23%wt, 24%wt, 25%wt.
Following examples are implemented under premised on technical solutions of the utility model, give detailed embodiment
With specific operating process, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited to following embodiments.Side used in following embodiments
Method is conventional method unless otherwise instructed.
【Embodiment 1】
Normal temperature, the high concentration pickle liquor that flow is 1000kg/h are sent into spray preconcentrator by the present embodiment, with
The high-temperature flue gas of spray formula hydrolysis calcining furnace generation is contacted, the liquid after being concentrated, pickle liquor and liquid after concentration
Composition composition is as shown in the table:
Composition |
Pickle liquor g/L |
Concentrate g/L |
FeCl3 |
49.17 |
66.56 |
FeCl2 |
337.23 |
450.23 |
HCl |
70.38 |
130.77 |
H2O |
911.1 |
686.32 |
Amount to |
1367.88 |
1333.88 |
It is successively middle to enter rotation with the high-temperature flue gas after pickle liquor pyrohydrolysis after concentration in following spray hydrolyzes calcining furnace
Wind deduster and dedusting in high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector, reclaim dust 173kg, wherein Fe2O3Content 98.9%wt, Cl content
0.87%wt, heap density 190kg/m3。
Dust content after dedusting in flue gas is 15mg/m3。
After spraying preconcentrator, the smoke components composition after high-temperature flue gas concentrates with spray is as shown in the table respectively:
Composition |
Volume (high-temperature flue gas) % |
Volume (flue gas after concentration) % |
HCl |
10.4 |
7.80 |
H2O |
39.9 |
50.1 |
O2 |
3.74 |
3.39 |
N2 |
41.89 |
35.2 |
CO2 |
4.07 |
3.51 |
Volume of gas m3/h |
3270 (400 DEG C of temperature) |
2145 (93.5 DEG C of temperature) |
Gas after spray concentrates successively enters the first condenser, the second condenser and hydrochloric acid absorption tower, scrubbing tower
High salt concentration acid product, flue gas qualified discharge are obtained afterwards;Wherein:
First condenser condensation temperature:70 DEG C, the second 50 DEG C of condenser temperature.
The amount of liquid on absorption tower is 75kg/h, and wherein HCl contents are 2%wt.
By condensed in two stages, the hydrochloric acid content then obtained after absorption by Hydrochloric Acid is 870.3kg/h, concentration 23%wt.
Gas componant composition after scrubbing tower is as shown in the table:
Composition |
Volume % |
HCl |
1.0×10-3 |
H2O |
8.82 |
O2 |
7.45 |
N2 |
76.5 |
CO2 |
7.23 |
Gas volume 900m3/ h, 41 DEG C of temperature.
【Embodiment 2】
Normal temperature, the high concentration pickle liquor that flow is 1000kg/h are sent into spray preconcentrator by the present embodiment, with
The high-temperature flue gas of spray formula hydrolysis calcining furnace generation is contacted, the liquid after being concentrated, pickle liquor and liquid after concentration
Composition composition is as shown in the table:
Composition |
Pickle liquor g/L |
Concentrate g/L |
FeCl3 |
49.17 |
60.28 |
FeCl2 |
337.23 |
433.19 |
HCl |
70.38 |
132.1 |
H2O |
911.1 |
700.23 |
Amount to |
1367.88 |
1325.8 |
It is successively middle to enter rotation with the high-temperature flue gas after pickle liquor pyrohydrolysis after concentration in following spray hydrolyzes calcining furnace
Wind deduster and dedusting in high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector, reclaim dust 171kg, wherein Fe2O3Content 98.2%wt, Cl content
1.11%wt, heap density 170kg/m3。
Dust content after dedusting in flue gas is 10mg/m3。
After spraying preconcentrator, the smoke components composition after high-temperature flue gas concentrates with spray is as shown in the table respectively:
Composition |
Volume (high-temperature flue gas) % |
Volume (flue gas after concentration) % |
HCl |
10.1 |
7.81 |
H2O |
39.9 |
48.1 |
O2 |
3.90 |
3.60 |
N2 |
42.1 |
36.8 |
CO2 |
4.00 |
3.69 |
Volume of gas m3/h |
2850 (350 DEG C of temperature) |
1940 (92.5 DEG C of temperature) |
Gas after spray concentrates successively enters the first condenser, the second condenser and hydrochloric acid absorption tower, scrubbing tower
High salt concentration acid product, flue gas qualified discharge are obtained afterwards;Wherein:
First condenser condensation temperature:70 DEG C, the second 50 DEG C of condenser temperature.
The amount of liquid on absorption tower is 75kg/h, and wherein HCl contents are 2%wt.
By condensed in two stages, the hydrochloric acid content then obtained after absorption by Hydrochloric Acid is 770kg/h, concentration 23%wt.
Gas componant composition after scrubbing tower is as shown in the table:
Composition |
Volume % |
HCl |
1.0×10-3 |
H2O |
5.42 |
O2 |
8.95 |
N2 |
74.4 |
CO2 |
11.23 |
Gas volume:846m3/ h, 41 DEG C of temperature.
【Embodiment 3】
Normal temperature, the high concentration pickle liquor that flow is 1000kg/h are sent into spray preconcentrator by the present embodiment, with
The high-temperature flue gas of spray formula hydrolysis calcining furnace generation is contacted, the liquid after being concentrated, pickle liquor and liquid after concentration
Composition composition is as shown in the table:
Composition |
Pickle liquor g/L |
Concentrate g/L |
FeCl3 |
49.17 |
64.78 |
FeCl2 |
337.23 |
460.3 |
HCl |
70.38 |
134.1 |
H2O |
911.1 |
723.3 |
Amount to |
1367.88 |
1382.48 |
It is successively middle to enter rotation with the high-temperature flue gas after pickle liquor pyrohydrolysis after concentration in following spray hydrolyzes calcining furnace
Wind deduster and dedusting in high-temperature-resistant cloth bag dust collector, reclaim dust 172kg, wherein Fe2O3Content 99.1%wt, Cl content
0.87%wt, heap density 190kg/m3。
Dust content after dedusting in flue gas is 18mg/m3。
After spraying preconcentrator, the smoke components composition after high-temperature flue gas concentrates with spray is as shown in the table respectively:
Gas after spray concentrates successively enters the first condenser, the second condenser and hydrochloric acid absorption tower, scrubbing tower
High salt concentration acid product, flue gas qualified discharge are obtained afterwards;Wherein:
First condenser condensation temperature:70 DEG C, the second 50 DEG C of condenser temperature.
The amount of liquid on absorption tower is 85kg/h, and wherein HCl contents are 2%wt.
By condensed in two stages, the hydrochloric acid content then obtained after absorption by Hydrochloric Acid is 914kg/h, concentration 23%wt.
Gas componant composition after scrubbing tower is as shown in the table:
Composition |
Volume % |
HCl |
1.0×10-3 |
H2O |
8.89 |
O2 |
7.71 |
N2 |
76.0 |
CO2 |
7.40 |
Gas volume:927m3/ h, 42 DEG C of temperature.
It is described above, the only preferable embodiment of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not
This is confined to, any one skilled in the art is in the technical scope that the utility model discloses, according to this practicality
New technical scheme and its utility model design are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover in protection model of the present utility model
Within enclosing.