CN207128274U - Portable and collapsible 3D printer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of portable and collapsible 3D printer, including three root posts, is provided with leading screw in the inner surface of each column, feed screw nut is equipped with leading screw, feed screw nut joint efficiency device, is connected in the centre of effector by screw thread with nozzle assembly；Nozzle assembly is connected with extruder；Chassis is installed in the bottom of column, chassis is connected including extending out layer, middle slide rail layer, peripheral incised layer, periphery cutting lifting layer, auxiliary power layer and bottom rail layer, the outer ring for extending out layer at a distance at a distance with column；Layer and the hinge connection of crank one end are extended out at a distance, the crank other end is fixed on bottom rail layer, and bottom rail layer is fixed；Realize that the rotation for extending out layer at a distance extends out motion, and extend out layer at a distance and moved along a straight line along middle slide rail layer；Middle slide layer also rotates；Peripheral incised layer distribution is extended out in the interval area after layer expansion and lifted in the presence of periphery cutting lifting layer a long way off；Auxiliary power layer provides auxiliary power for peripheral incised layer.

Description

Portable and collapsible 3D printer

Technical field

The utility model discloses a kind of portable and collapsible 3D printer.

Background technology

The 3D printer of the external foldable portable occurred at present.Although can with the 3D printer of portable folding, It is the improvement that its current deformable type is also based on existing type, it is shared after folding to have that space is still bigger, such as： TeeBot、FoldaRap；Both folded deformations based on Prusa i3 gantry structures, the stroke of X and Z axis was fallen, and was used When deploy again again, positioner is fixed merely by plain nut, every time before use, also to be tightened again and Leveling, the use to user cause great inconvenience.

The country several years ago also released a folding 3D printer Minione, its operation principle be also by XZ or YZ fell, and in Z axis bottom, sets a buckle, realizes that upset settles at one go, the foldable 3D printer listed as success, this The improvement that a type is made in folding is that very successfully, but it takes up space or bigger after folding.

Utility model content

For the utility model in order to solve technical problem present in prior art, the utility model discloses a kind of portable Foldable 3D printer；The utility model to traditional FDM desktop level 3D printers after abundant research has been carried out, it is proposed that with Iris mechanism and the folding mode of slide track telescopic deformation, while for the miniaturization of equipment, respectively to feed system, extrusion system Innovative design has been carried out Deng part.Folding platform is used for the print platform of 3D printer, on the basis of iris mechanism, is entered Innovative design is gone, has realized while ensure print platform area, reduce using space.Telescopic rail also further drops Low contraction state uses space, coordinates the advantage of leading screw to realize reciprocating.Extrusion system is using the side remotely reeled off raw silk from cocoons Formula, designed using the extruder head of integral type, reduce the risk of plug wire, improve the stability of equipment.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows：

Portable and collapsible 3D printer, including three equally distributed columns in a circumferential direction, in each column Inner surface is provided with leading screw, and each leading screw drives its rotation by motor；Feed screw nut, three leading screws are equipped with each leading screw Nut connects a fixed block, and described fixed block is connected by connecting rod and flake bearing with an effector, described The centre of effector is connected by screw thread with nozzle assembly；Described nozzle assembly is connected with extruder；In described column Bottom is provided with chassis, described chassis include setting gradually from top to bottom coaxial mounted distant place extend out layer, middle slide rail layer, Peripheral incised layer, periphery cutting lifting layer, auxiliary power layer and bottom rail layer, described distant place extend out the outer ring of layer with it is described Three columns be fixedly linked；Layer and crank one end hinge connection on bottom rail layer, the crank other end are extended out at a distance Bottom rail layer is fixed on, described bottom rail layer is fixed；Realize that the rotation for extending out layer at a distance extends out motion, and extend out at a distance Layer bottom is provided with latch, and described latch moves along a straight line along described middle slide rail layer；Described middle slide layer Rotate；And the rotating shaft of middle slide layer is inserted into bottom rail layer realizes lifting and drop of the middle slide layer along Z-direction Fall；Described peripheral incised layer distribution extends out in the interval area after layer expansion in the presence of periphery cutting lifting layer a long way off Lifting；Described auxiliary power layer provides auxiliary power for peripheral incised layer.

Further, described distant place, which extends out layer, includes three fanning strips, and the bottom of the fanning strip described in three, which is provided with, inserts Pin I and guide plate, described latch I is slided along middle slide rail layer internal chute, and latch I through periphery cutting lifting layer, Auxiliary power layer is connected with the outer end of rotary crank.

Further, it is in along the circumferential direction that 120 degree of angles are distributed and linked together that described middle slide rail layer, which includes three, Slide rail, chute is provided with described slide rail；The bottom of slide rail link position is provided with a rotary shaft, in described rotary shaft Outer ring be provided with two into 180 degree be distributed and the latch II vertical with rotating shaft axis.

Further, described peripheral incised layer includes three fanning strips, and the bottom of the fanning strip described in three, which is provided with, inserts III and guide plate are sold, described latch III is through periphery cutting lifts layer, auxiliary power layer is plugged into bottom rail layer In arc chute, slided along the arc chute.

Further, described periphery cutting lifting layer, including a circular slab, are provided with three on described circular slab It is distributed along circular slab radial distribution and along circular slab circumferencial direction in 120 jiaos of through slot and three and is passed through in 120 jiaos non- Groove；The latch I that described through slot is used to extend out layer for distal layer is passed through；Described non-penetrating groove is used to insert peripheral incised layer Latch III；Be provided with rotary shaft II in the bottom of circular slab, described rotary shaft II be provided with two be distributed in 180 degree and with The vertical latch IV of rotating shaft axis；Plane where two described latch IV is mutually hung down with the plane where two latch II Directly；Described rotary shaft II is provided with groove, and described groove passes through for latch II's.

Further, described auxiliary power layer, including a circular slab, are provided with three along circle on described circular slab Shape plate radial distribution and it is distributed in 120 jiaos of through slot and three along circular slab circumferencial direction and in 120 jiaos of non-penetrating groove； The latch I that described through slot is used to extend out layer for distal layer is passed through；Described non-penetrating groove is used to insert inserting for peripheral incised layer Sell III.

Further, described bottom guide track layer includes a circular slab, and three are provided with described circular slab along circle Three arc-shaped slots of shape plate circumferencial direction distribution；Described arc-shaped slot is used for the latch III for inserting peripheral incised layer；Institute The bottom for the circular slab stated is provided with hollow shaft, and four spiral deep-slotted chip breakers, and phase are provided with the outer wall of described hollow shaft To two spiral arc groove shapes it is identical；The spiral deep-slotted chip breaker of two of which is used for the motion rail for limiting latch II Mark, realize the lifting of middle slide layer；Two other spiral deep-slotted chip breaker is used for the movement locus for limiting latch IV, realizes outer Enclose the lifting of cutting lifting layer.

Further, described column includes upper profile track and lower profile track, described upper profile rail It is fastened between road and lower profile track by elastic component, when elastic component is pressed, can stretches between the two, work as bullet When property part is upspring, fix between the two.

Further, the inside of described upper profile track is provided with leading screw, and in the limit position of feed screw nut motion Install limit switches.

Further, described nozzle assembly includes guiding tube, nozzle and radiated rib, described guiding tube and nozzle It is connected, radiated rib is arranged on the junction of guiding tube and nozzle.

Had the beneficial effect that caused by the utility model：

Portable and collapsible 3D printer uses Delta structure designs, can be fully sharp using Delta parallel way With parallel institution has the characteristics that Stability Analysis of Structures, easily controllable, inertia is small, rigidity is big, bearing capacity is strong, precision is high, its positioning accurate Mechanism of the degree far above series model.

Bottom surface platform is based on iris mechanism, realizes extensible plane.One external diameter 200mm platform is narrowed down into external diameter only There is 110mm, while diameter 100mm circular flat is provided, before and after denaturation, the Z-direction height effectively control of scalable platform In 25mm, the occupancy volume of print platform is significantly reduced.

X, the root post of Y, Z tri- uses full symmetric structure design, on the one hand reduces processing and fabricating cost, another aspect three The full symmetric design of axle reduces assembling difficulty again.Meanwhile reduced as far as possible in height to realize, by the root post of X, Y, Z tri- Telescopic structure design is employed, reduces when 3D printer shrinks and is taken up space to greatest extent.

X, the root post part of Y, Z tri- realizes the connection with end effector, performance is reduced as one kind by flake bearing Spherical hinge implementation, coordinate three axles quick movement, realize space displacement, improve the stationarity of motion parts.

End effector is the shower nozzle part of 3D printing, using brand-new unitary design, while is furnished with powerful Fin, Waste heat is exceedingly fast loss, improves wire vent stability, reduces the risk of plug.

Brief description of the drawings

General assembly structure chart before the folding of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 3D printer；

General assembly structure chart after the folding of Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 3D printer；

Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 slide rail assembly structure figure；

Structure chart after the expansion of Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12 chassis；

Structure chart after the contraction of Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15 chassis；

Shrink explosive view in Figure 16 chassis；Deploy explosive view in Figure 17 chassis；Shrink explosive view in Figure 18 chassis；Figure 19 is at a distance Extend out the structure chart of layer；Figure 20 is the structure chart of middle slide rail layer；The structure chart of Figure 21 peripheries incised layer；Figure 22 auxiliary power layers Structure chart；The structure chart of Figure 23 peripheries cutting lifting layer；The structure chart of Figure 24 rotary cranks；The structure of Figure 25 bottom rail layers Figure；The sliding groove structure figure of Figure 26 base tracks；

Figure 27, Figure 28, Figure 29 shower nozzle assembly；

Figure 30, Figure 31, Figure 32 are bottom section bar fixed structures；

Figure 33, Figure 34, Figure 35 are top section bar fixed structures；

Figure 36, Figure 37, Figure 38, Figure 39 are slide rail modular structure figures；

Figure 40, Figure 41, Figure 42 are extruder assembly structure charts；

Figure 43, Figure 44, Figure 45 are slide rail assembly-bullet block portion point assembling figures；

Figure 46, Figure 47, Figure 48 are the structure charts of upper end profile slide rail；

Figure 49, Figure 50, Figure 51 are the structure charts of lower end profiled rail；

Figure 52, Figure 53, Figure 54 are the structure charts of effector；

In figure：1 centronucleus, 2 chassis, 3 columns, 4 nozzle components, 5 shower nozzle drive components；6 carbon beams, 7 consumptive materials, 8 extrusions Machine；2-1 upper end profiles are fixed, 2-2 bearings, and 2-3 tracks fix bullet block, 2-4 spring anchor blocks, 2-5 springs；3-1 is extended out at a distance Layer, 3-2 peripheries incised layer, 3-3 middle slide layers, 3-4 model rails, 3-5 peripheries cutting lifting layer, 3-6 auxiliary power layers, 3- 7 rotary cranks, 3-8 bottom rail layers；4-1 trunnions, 4-2 effectors, 4-3 radiating floors, 4-4 extruder head nozzles；At the top of 5-1 Section bar is fixed, 5-2 stepper motors, 5-3 top section bars, 5-4 upper end profile tracks, and 5-5 flake bearing modules are fixed, 5-6 jackscrews Bolt, 5-7 bullet blocks, 5-8 lower ends profiled rail, 5-9 bottom section bars are fixed, 5-10 sliding modules, 5-11 jackscrew bolts, 5-12 spiral shells Bolt, 5-13 jackscrew bolts, 5-14 upper end profiles are fixed, 5-15 leading screws, 5-16 bolts, 5-17 limit switches, 5-18 shaft couplings； 6-1 bolts, 6-2 extrusion wheels, 6-3 extrusion bearings, 6-4 bolts, 6-5 extrusion bearings are fixed, 6-6 jackscrew bolts, 6-7 springs, 6-8 Stepper motor, 6-9 extruder fixed seats.

Embodiment

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：

1. the General structure scheme of portable and collapsible 3D printer

The design of comprehensive existing desktop level 3D printer, in the box framework of maturation, gantry framework, Delta framves In structure, from foldable difficulty is reduced, the space availability ratio of desktop level 3D printer is improved, the making for reducing foldable scheme is difficult Degree, and the different aspect such as Consumer's Experience of desktop level consumer products consider, have selected Delta design.

As shown in Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6, Delta design is delta framework, is different from general XYZ right angles seat Mark the frame mode of system, Delta design method realizes the space of XYZ space by the part such as three root posts, driving effect device Displacement.3D printing is exactly by different technical approach, realizes and perform tri- sides of structure XYZ to end for motion mode To position control, taken up space for further saving desktop level 3D printer, XYZ tri- axles by the way of lead screw transmission, Realize the space displacement of end effector.

For being molded bottom surface, printing plane is divided into space three parts, by the connection with three root posts 3, in column While opening, chassis 2 is also deployed therewith, while radial direction realizes mobile, the movement of Z-direction is also realized, based on iris principle Design, the platform that can greatly save 3D printer taken up space, while print platform is except realizing that to provide a printing flat Outside face, three axle positioning functions can also be provided simultaneously.Realize radially three axles control.

Portable and collapsible 3D printer uses Delta structure designs, can be fully sharp using Delta parallel way With parallel institution has the characteristics that Stability Analysis of Structures, easily controllable, inertia is small, rigidity is big, bearing capacity is strong, precision is high, its positioning accurate Mechanism of the degree far above series model.

Bottom surface platform is based on iris mechanism, realizes extensible plane.One external diameter 200mm platform is narrowed down into external diameter only There is 110mm, while diameter 100mm circular flat is provided, before and after denaturation, the Z-direction height effectively control of scalable platform In 25mm, the occupancy volume of print platform is significantly reduced.Before and after print platform denaturation, as shown in the figure.

The root posts of XYZ tri- use full symmetric structure design, on the one hand reduce processing and fabricating cost, on the other hand three axles Full symmetric design reduces assembling difficulty again.Meanwhile reduced as far as possible in height to realize, the root posts of XYZ tri- are used Telescopic structure design, to greatest extent reduce when 3D printer shrinks and taken up space.

The root post parts of XYZ tri- connection with end effector is realized, as a kind of reduction performance by flake bearing Spherical hinge implementation, coordinate the quick movement of three axles, realize space displacement, improve the stationarity of motion parts.

End effector is the shower nozzle part of 3D printing, using brand-new unitary design, while is furnished with powerful Fin, Waste heat is exceedingly fast loss, improves wire vent stability, reduces the risk of plug.

2. the selection design of feed system

The kind of drive of existing 3D printing drive system has screw rod transmission, toothed belt transmission and rack pinion, right For 3D printer, the design of feed system, the printing precision of 3D printer will be directly affected, and it is most important in feed system Part be lead screw pair design choose, in feed system, the precision of transmission system, stability, sensitivity will be determined directly The positioning precision and printing precision of 3D printer.

The mode of screw pair driving is that comparative maturity is stable, while also has transmission efficiency and pretension simply special Point, screw rod transmission from processing and fabricating mode, screw rod transmission be also three relatively in mode the simplest, in order to further save The working space of 3D printer is saved, lifts transmission efficiency, we use the design of screw pair herein.

In existing transmission module design, the mounting means of screw mandrel typically has five kinds：A, leading screw is fixed, nut rotation； B, one end is fixed, one section of freedom；C, both ends are fixed；D, one end is fixed, and one end is moved about；E, both ends are fixed.

The utility model considers from transmission efficiency, processing complexity, structure design cost etc. are many-sided, is consolidated using one end It is fixed, the travelling mode in one end.Feed system is deployed as shown in Fig. 7,8,9；Including stepper motor 5-2, leading screw 5-15；Shaft joint 5-18；

With stepper motor close to one section, by the way of shaft coupling 5-18 connections, stepper motor is connected with ball screw, Play and importantly act on.Feed screw nut is fixed on module, and stepper motor is connected on drive lead screw by shaft coupling, and module is slided Block realizes the reciprocal operation along profiled rail with the rotation of stepper motor.

In the track module of portable and collapsible 3D printer, nut is fixed on sliding block, and three root posts are placed vertically, So nut is primarily subjected to come from axially loaded.Axial compressive force is different with the different angle stress of connecting rod, but is moved to working as When the limit and specific position, maximum axial force often occurs, the abrasion between pair of nut can be caused, so calculating screw mandrel and spiral shell Wearability between mother is extremely important.

In the course of the work, print speed vertically is due to the speed of every layer of section for 3D printer based on FDM principles It is different so as to size variation, speed is probably in 4-10mm/s, because the pressure being applied on screw pair mostlys come from sliding block The weight of module and the weight sum for connecting carbon beam and end effector, can calculate the sum of its weight probably 200 Gram, about 2N, parameter is substituted into above formula, the minimum value that can both obtain the pitch diameter of thread is 0.3mm, consults related trapezoidal spiral shell The selection standard of line, the trapezoidal screw of a diameter of 5mm normal diameter can be selected.

Drawn from trapezoidal thread form can, can select trapezoidal thread of the pitch diameter of thread for 5mm, three columns, i.e., The minimum central diameter of the drive lead screw of tri- slider modules of XYZ is 5mm, and by calculation and check, its strength character can meet to design Requirement.

The Strength co-mputation to the axially loaded maximum progress screw rod of portable and collapsible 3D printer slider module is needed, In the reciprocatory movement of slider module, on transmission nut, dangerouse cross-section is simultaneously by shearing stress and compression stress, at this , it is necessary to the allowable stress at slider module top nut be calculated, by fourth strength theory come calculation and check under the conditions of kind, it should full The following condition of foot：

In formula：

T --- pitch suffered by screw rod (Nmm)

F --- axial tension or pressure (N) suffered by screw rod

W_T--- the torque resistant section factor (mm of screw flight section³)

Dangerouse cross-section area (the mm of A --- screw flight portions²)

d₁--- the path (mm) of screw flight

The allowable stress (Mpa) of [σ] --- nut stem material

Required parameter is substituted into above formula, check result meets the intensity requirement of screw flight.Both can draw it is portable can The kind of drive of three axles of 3D printer is folded, it is 8mm to select helical pitch, a diameter of 5mm screw mandrel, while feed screw nut is using high Spend 5mm nut, the material selection brass of nut, the material selection stainless steel of screw mandrel.

3. extrusion system designs

3D printer nozzle component 4 designs

Pith using FDM technology as the 3D printer of core is shower nozzle, the wire feed accuracy of the shower nozzle of 3D printer, The height of stability and the efficiency of heating surface has a direct impact to the Forming Quality of printout and the service life of product, as traditional Machining is the same, and excellent cutting tool can process that dimensional accuracy is accurate, the good parts of surface quality.Based on FDM's The shower nozzle of 3D printer mainly includes shower nozzle trunnion, external cooling fin, afterbody the Teflon connection of integral type, ceramic heater With thermometric galvanic couple.

The shower nozzle of this programme design is to be based on existing shower nozzle, with reference to the folding feature of Self-portable, optimizes and sets Meter, on the premise of basic performance is ensured, reduce the volume of shower nozzle as far as possible.The quality of shower nozzle is controlled, improves sending for shower nozzle Silk stability, accuracy, ensure the print speed of printer.

Portable and collapsible 3D printer by the way of long-range wire feed, extruder 8 distal end, passing through extrude wheel 6-2 Compress and rub against effect consumptive material 9 is sent at shower nozzle.The mode of long-range wire feed will reduce to greatest extent performs end Weight, with reference to the move mode for employing Delta, it is possible to achieve the quick movement of shower nozzle, under conditions of printing precision is ensured, Improve print speed.

On the contrary, although long-range wire feed can bring many advantages, as a result of the mode of long-range wire feed, when consumptive material leads to The effect of distal end wire feeder is crossed, when consumptive material is reached at shower nozzle, due in order that consumptive material melts ejection, spray with 0.4mm bore Consumptive material at head will be by great resistance, and the power of the advance at this moment sent by extruder is also consumed totally, How just so-called " an arrow at the end of its flight -- a spent force, gesture can not wear Shandong thin white silk used in ancient China ", reduce the frictional force at shower nozzle and be just particularly important.

The generation of frictional force is due to after reaching at shower nozzle, because the ceramic heating device at the top of shower nozzle at nozzle to carrying out Heating, temperature highest can reach more than 230 degrees Celsius, because whole shower nozzle all uses metal material, cause to have part heat Amount spreads backward at shower nozzle, passes up to afterbody, from this point on, the metal part temperature of afterbody be also it is very high, so And the high temperature of afterbody is not a favourable condition for consumptive material, thus the consumptive material for just entering afterbody can be entered in advance Row heating, causes consumptive material to soften in advance, if temperature is too high, results even in consumptive material melting.In actual mechanical process, only Consumptive material can just start the extrusion force of the consumptive material offer of melting forward, when material becomes in the case where hardness reaches certain to front Soft, due to the mode using long-range wire feed, the strength being delivered at shower nozzle is natively small, so causes the spinneret of consumptive material not It is smooth, greatly influence printing effect.

In general, using the printer of long-range wire feed, shower nozzle is extruded using E3D operating rooms, the extrusion shower nozzle Construction is also classified into：The parts such as extruder head, heat block, trunnion, radiated rib, in order to reduce the cost of shower nozzle and reduce maintenance hardly possible Degree, E3D shower nozzle use modularized design, and different parts also uses different material processing.

In view of the stability of machine, the nozzle of integral type is devised, is mainly characterized by nozzle, heat block, trunnion is real Existing integrated design.Reduce as far as possible due to the material using high thermal conductivity, cause shower nozzle afterbody heat too high, in advance will Consumptive material melts, its structure such as figure 3 above to Fig. 2.

Because extrusion consumptive material will fill up the inside of whole shower nozzle, in order to reduce the heat transfer at nozzle to afterbody, need Select appropriate heating material.

In order to realize that the temperature at nozzle most rises soon, that is, realize and external ceramic heating is delivered at nozzle, realization pair The melting of material, it is contemplated that the processing complexity of material, while consider the financial cost of processing, and as can be seen from the above table, pain Thermal conductivity ratio it is higher, can quickly transmit heat, the heat time of nozzle is short, so choose copper (fine copper, red copper) as spray Rapidoprint at anterior nozzle.The fin of junction is processed using aluminium simultaneously, on the one hand can transfer heat to environment In, the conductive force to afterbody trunnion on the other hand can be reduced again.The effect of trunnion is to realize consumptive material " drainage ", in order to subtract Few influence of the heat to trunnion, thus after being used as using iron pipe rapidoprint.

4. the design of nozzle component 4

Nozzle component 4 includes trunnion 4-1, effector 4-2, and radiate floor 4-3, extruder head nozzle 4-4；

Effector 4-2 effect connection carbon beam 6 and shower nozzle, line gauge module connection carbon beam, the other end joint efficiency of carbon beam Device.The connection of carbon beam and effector, in order to realize smooth movement of the shower nozzle in each position, it should using the connection side of spherical hinge Formula.Common spherical hinge can be realized by flake bearing or strong magnetic.

The utility model is realized using flake bearing.Flake bearing is a kind of common bearing, also known as oscillating bearing, can be with The function of spherical hinge is realized, by the movement of carbon beam 6, effector is moved in three dimensions.In order to coordinate 3D printer Portability, weight is reduced, while realize the abundant exchange of heat at shower nozzle, using design as shown above, by effect Device is connected by flake bearing with carbon beam, and different from the mode of strong magnetic connects, in each location point, effector is all without coming off. The design structure of frame-type, three connecting rods collect center, and effector centre is the coupling part of shower nozzle, by way of spiral Shower nozzle is fixed.

5. 3D printer extruder 8 designs

Including bolt 6-1, extrusion wheel 6-2, bearing 6-3, bolt 6-4 are extruded, extrusion bearing fixes 6-5, jackscrew bolt 6- 6, spring 6-7, stepper motor 6-8, extruder fixed seat 6-9.

In print procedure, printing consumables can constantly consume 7 extrusions, so needing to design a lightweight wire feeder It is sent to consumptive material is controllable at shower nozzle, due to the long-range wire feeding mode of use, in print procedure, passes through programme-control stepping electricity The rotation of machine, and then realize that the advance extrusion of consumptive material and pumpback retreat, ensure that extrusion is stable.

The wire feeder of 3D printer, by extruding wheel and bearing fit, consumptive material is transported at nozzle using frictional force, Wire feeder is as shown in the figure.Extrusion wheel is connected with stepper motor, and the gear teeth are carried on extrusion wheel, and fitted bearing carries out friction extrusion, Consumptive material is delivered into heating zone.

In order to reduce the destruction in extruding part to consumptive material, simultaneously because the diameter thickness of consumptive material differs, in order to ensure to consume Material stable effective extrusion in course of conveying, realizes oneself real-time, tunable section, extrusion spring is added on extrusion mechanism, can With the frictional force between increase extrusion wheel and consumptive material, reducing in print procedure, printing consumables skids, the problems such as wire vent is discontinuous, Extruder design such as Fig. 3 to Fig. 5.

6. anamorphotic system designs

The Platform Designing of iris mechanism

The part the most key as portable and collapsible 3D printer, the design of print platform are particularly important.For Processing and manufacturing difficulty is reduced as far as possible and reduces the deformation space after 3D printer folds and is used, it is necessary to which design is a kind of non- It is often light while the deformation platform settled at one go can be realized.

The utility model uses the deformation platform of iris mechanism, in common main flow camera, the original based on pinhole imaging system Reason, all contains iris diaphragm structure, similar to the iris of human eye, the responsible size for reconciling light-inletting quantity.Magazine iris diaphragm structure, passes through Opening and closing are rotated, realize the size of control unthreaded hole, and then control light-inletting quantity.Camera aperture is generally by multiple arcs to overlap each other Sheet metal forms, and internal motor rotates, and realizes the clutch of blade, and then the size of control centre's circular hole.Camera aperture becomes Change such as Fig. 3 to Fig. 8.

Iris mechanism, i.e., a plane is split, thin slice is circumferentially symmetrical, realized in an almost plane thin The coincidence of piece, while the motion synchronized one's steps in sheet metal during rotating shrinking opening and closing, split is carried out between thin slice, it is last real Existing different pore size is formed, or even closure plane completely occurs.

By plane modular, then the motion synchronized one's steps is realized in packet, under the step of a rotation, realize area Change.Unlike iris mechanism during the flexible opening and closing of print platform, print platform extends out, and iris mechanism It is interior expansion, it is only necessary to be changed into the base position of iris using inside center as rotating shaft from by core of external terminal.Together When due to the developed area of iris mechanism it is excessively narrow and small, sheet metal have it is overlapping, and print platform to deploy plane flatness Require, be design that this must be to camera aperture on the basis of iris mechanism so cannot be overlapping between different thin slices It is improved, below figure 3 is designed for this to Fig. 9 schemes：

In order to realize whole platform in the case where ensureing print area, space-consuming is small as far as possible, by developed area It is divided into three layers, in addition to the modularization at three layers of top, also following three layers are used as track power and backwater effect layer.

Print platform is formed by six groups, is respectively from top to bottom：Layer, middle slide layer, peripheral incised layer, outer is extended out at a distance Enclose cutting lifting layer, auxiliary power layer, bottom rail layer.In order to realize the splicing of plane and expansion, by the reality of print platform Carrying print area is divided into three groups.

First group, be to extend out a layer 3-1 at a distance, and the effect of this layer is to provide power, and coordinates middle slide layer to realize Three track modules realize positioning.

Described distant place, which extends out layer, includes three fanning strips, and the bottom of the fanning strip described in three is provided with latch I and led To plate, described latch I slides along middle slide rail layer internal chute, and latch I lifts layer, auxiliary power layer through periphery cutting It is connected with the outer end of rotary crank.

When pulling three track modules with the power outwards acted on, fixed due to extending out layer at a distance with track module, so Extend out layer at a distance and can also expand outwardly, be hinge connection due to extending out layer at a distance with bottom crank 3-7, extend out layer at a distance to extending out Zhang Shi, crank, which can be also servo-actuated, to be expanded outwardly because bottom rail layer is fixed, and causing to extend out layer at a distance will realize that expand outwardly must Palpus drive crank is overhanging, and the influence brought therewith is exactly to extend out layer at a distance to realize motion in a manner of aggregate motion, that is, is revolved Turn to extend out motion.Compound motion is disassembled to come and is exactly：Overhanging motion and rotary motion.The layer is in rotary course, due to limit Make in slideway, so rotating while driving auxiliary power layer to rotate.

Second group, be middle slide layer 3-3, and the linear running track that expands outwardly is provided to layer is extended out at a distance,

Middle slide rail layer includes three along the circumferential direction in 120 degree of angle distributions and the slide rail to link together, described Slide rail is provided with chute；The bottom of slide rail link position is provided with a rotary shaft, and two are provided with the outer ring of described rotary shaft Into 180 degree distribution and the latch II vertical with rotating shaft axis.

From being analyzed above, the motion mode for extending out layer at a distance is load exercise, but with the coordinate of middle slide In system, the motion of layer is extended out at a distance as linear motion, and the acting as ensureing of middle slide part extends out straight during the expansion of layer at a distance Line is expanded.Middle slide layer is in rotary course, and because its bottom protrusion is in the embedded skewed slot of bottom rail layer, centre is sliding Channel layer can also realize the lifting of Z-direction.

3rd group, be peripheral incised layer 3-2, is that cannot be guaranteed that printer has foot if only there is two layers of offer print platform Enough print areas, and the effect of peripheral incised layer is to provide scarce least a portion of area, while peripheral incised layer is to first group Print platform realizes part position-limiting action.The power of the part mostlys come from auxiliary power layer, due to the rotation of auxiliary power layer Turning, the column of peripheral incised layer bottom surface is driven, and is rotated as auxiliary power layer rotates, but due to peripheral incised layer column It is absorbed in the notch of bottom rail layer, can only be moved in the notch of bottom rail layer according to track set in advance, knot simultaneously The straight line notch track of periphery lifting layer is closed, peripheral incised layer realizes the overhanging motion of rotation.

Described peripheral incised layer includes three fanning strips, the bottom of the fanning strip described in three be provided with latch III and Guide plate, described latch III are plugged into the arc chute of bottom rail layer through periphery cutting lifting layer, auxiliary power layer It is interior, slided along the arc chute.

4th group, be periphery cutting lifting layer 3-5, in the motion process of the 3rd group of periphery incised layer, peripheral incised layer Motion radially can only be realized, that is, realizes that plane extends, but in order to realize the Z of peripheral incised layer to variation, it is necessary to periphery Cutting lifting layer ancillary peripheral incised layer, which is realized, to move up and down, and protrusion is arranged at periphery cutting lifting layer bottom, with middle slide part Unanimously, the bottom of periphery cutting lifting layer, which protrudes, also is located in the embedded skewed slot button of bottom rail layer, with peripheral incised layer Rotation realize the rising of peripheral incised layer, while drive the lifting of peripheral incised layer.

Further, described periphery cutting lifting layer, including a circular slab, are provided with three on described circular slab It is distributed along circular slab radial distribution and along circular slab circumferencial direction in 120 jiaos of through slot and three and is passed through in 120 jiaos non- Groove；The latch I that described through slot is used to extend out layer for distal layer is passed through；Described non-penetrating groove is used to insert peripheral incised layer Latch III.

Described periphery cutting lifting layer, including a circular slab, are provided with three along circular slab on described circular slab Radial distribution and it is distributed in 120 jiaos of through slot and three along circular slab circumferencial direction and in 120 jiaos of non-penetrating groove；Institute The latch I that the through slot stated is used to extend out layer for distal layer is passed through；Described non-penetrating groove is used for the latch for inserting peripheral incised layer III；Rotary shaft II, described rotary shaft II are provided with the bottom of circular slab and is provided with two in 180 degree distribution and and rotary shaft The vertical latch IV of axis；Plane where two described latch IV is mutually perpendicular to the plane where two latch II；Institute The rotary shaft II stated is provided with groove, and described groove passes through for latch II's.

5th group, be auxiliary power layer 3-6, and the 4th group and the 5th group of profile is basically identical, but acts on incomplete one Cause, auxiliary power layer is as the major part for providing peripheral incised layer power, and in rotary course, peripheral incised layer column is absorbed in In the notch of auxiliary power layer, the rotation of peripheral incised layer is driven.

Described auxiliary power layer, including a circular slab, three are provided with described circular slab along circular slab radial direction Distribution and it is distributed in 120 jiaos of through slot and three along circular slab circumferencial direction and in 120 jiaos of non-penetrating groove；Described passes through The latch I that groove is used to extend out layer for distal layer is passed through；Described non-penetrating groove is used for the latch III for inserting peripheral incised layer.

6th group, be bottom rail layer 3-8, and the layer includes crank, because using iris mechanism, expansion has two groups, Every group three, add up to six expansions, it is necessary to six roots of sensation crank, but because the extended range for extending out layer at a distance is 35mm, and The extended range of peripheral incised layer is 15mm, and the difference of distance causes to extend out acting in agreement for layer and peripheral incised layer a long way off In the case of, it is necessary to different hinge mechanisms is used, based on this, extends out being rotated using crank to realize for layer, periphery cutting at a distance Layer can cause to interfere with the crank for extending out layer at a distance if still crank is used, and the core of crank is track, so setting Circular notch track is counted, the column from peripheral incised layer is tangential on that circular trough is intraoral, is rotated according to the track of notch. There is four spiral deep-slotted chip breakers bottom rail layer bottom surface simultaneously, realizes the height side of middle slide layer and peripheral incised layer To rotate and upgrade.

Further, bottom guide track layer includes a circular slab, and three are provided with described circular slab and is justified along circular slab Three arc-shaped slots of circumferential direction distribution；Described arc-shaped slot is used for the latch III for inserting peripheral incised layer；Described The bottom of circular slab is provided with hollow shaft, and four spiral deep-slotted chip breakers are provided with the outer wall of described hollow shaft, and relative Two spiral arc groove shapes are identical；The spiral deep-slotted chip breaker of two of which is used for the movement locus for limiting latch II, real The lifting of existing middle slide layer；Two other spiral deep-slotted chip breaker is used for the movement locus for limiting latch IV, realizes that periphery is cut Cut the lifting of lifting layer.

By six layers of mutual cooperation, in the case where external force drives track module, realize the flexible of print platform with Expansion positions to track module simultaneously.

7. the fuselage design of telescopic guideway

5-1 is fixed including top section bar；Top section bar 5-3, upper end profile track 5-4, flake bearing module fix 5-5, Jackscrew bolt 5-6, bullet block 5-7, lower end profiled rail 5-8, bottom section bar fix 5-9, sliding module 5-10, jackscrew bolt 5- 11, bolt 5-12, jackscrew bolt 5-13, upper end profile fix 5-14,5-16 bolts；

The 3D printer of traditional Delta structures presently, there are the problem of headroom utilization rate is not high, and this is due to The motion of reciprocating line slide rail is changed into the angle change of connecting rod by Delta structures in order to realize that connecting rod moves in space, so as to The motion of driving effect device, and then the mobile realization printing of shower nozzle is driven, in order to reduce the printer busy in contraction state Space, sliding rail part is divided into two parts, fixed screw mandrel, which provides the part of reciprocating power and provides height, realizes printing Part.

Using the notch design of aluminium section bar as starting point, the section bar of nested type is devised, on the one hand can be played a supporting role, On the other hand track restrained, realization reciprocating motion can be provided the Slipper of reciprocal track module again.Greatly save The space of contraction state.In contraction state, screw mandrel bottom carries spring buckle, by upper end lock on track in supporting track Bottom, during stretched condition, screw mandrel rail portion rises along chute inside supporting track, and groove is left at the top of supporting track Mouthful, the ejection of spring buckle, track is fixed and pinned.

In the utility model feed system by the way of screw rod transmission, there is stable, the high and easily controllable spy of precision Point.Extrusion system carries out microminiaturization design, while in order to adapt to the consumptive material of most of producers, the side of spring trailing type of progress Case.Crushed element is divided into two parts, and a part illustrates the mode of texturing using iris mechanism, and another part has explained rail The slide project and distressed structure in road.

By the deformation of print platform, realize deformation of the 3D printer in terms of radial direction and reduce, pass through the flexible of track Deformation, realizes the diminution of 3D printer in height, the two cooperation, solves the sky of traditional 3D printer from Spatial Dimension Between occupancy it is high the problem of, coordinate the optimization design in parts such as extrusion system, effectors, complete whole work(of 3D printer Can, also reach the effect of portable and collapsible.

Claims (10)

1. portable and collapsible 3D printer, it is characterised in that including three equally distributed columns in a circumferential direction, every The inner surface of individual column is provided with leading screw, and each leading screw drives its rotation by motor；Feed screw nut is equipped with each leading screw, Three feed screw nuts connect a fixed block, and described fixed block is connected by connecting rod and flake bearing with an effector, It is connected in the centre of described effector by screw thread with nozzle assembly；Described nozzle assembly is connected with extruder；Described The bottom of column chassis is installed, described chassis include setting gradually from top to bottom coaxial mounted distant place extend out layer, in Between slide rail layer, peripheral incised layer, periphery cutting lifting layer, auxiliary power layer and bottom rail layer, described distant place extend out layer Outer ring is fixedly linked with three described columns；Layer and crank one end hinge connection on bottom rail layer are extended out at a distance, The crank other end is fixed on bottom rail layer, and described bottom rail layer is fixed；Realize that the rotation for extending out layer at a distance extends out motion, And extending out a layer bottom is provided with latch at a distance, described latch moves along a straight line along described middle slide rail layer；In described Between slideway layer also rotate；And the rotating shaft of middle slide layer is inserted into bottom rail layer realizes middle slide layer along Z-direction Lifting and landing；Described peripheral incised layer distribution extends out in the interval area after layer expansion in periphery cutting lifting a long way off Lifted in the presence of layer；Described auxiliary power layer provides auxiliary power for peripheral incised layer.

2. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described distant place, which extends out layer, includes three Individual fanning strip, the bottom of the fanning strip described in three are provided with latch I and guide plate, and described latch I is along middle slide rail layer Internal chute slides, and latch I is through periphery cutting lifts layer, auxiliary power layer is connected with the outer end of rotary crank.

3. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described middle slide rail layer includes three The individual slide rail for being along the circumferential direction distributed and linking together in 120 degree of angles, limitation latch I motion rails are provided with described slide rail The chute of mark；The bottom of slide rail link position is provided with a rotary shaft, and two are provided with the outer ring of described rotary shaft into 180 degree Distribution and the latch II vertical with rotating shaft axis.

4. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described peripheral incised layer includes three Individual fanning strip, the bottom of the fanning strip described in three are provided with latch III and guide plate, and described latch III is cut through periphery Cut lifting layer, auxiliary power layer to be plugged into the arc chute of bottom rail layer, slided along the arc chute.

5. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described periphery cutting lifting layer, Including a circular slab, be provided with described circular slab three along circular slab radial distribution and in 120 jiaos through slot and Three are distributed along circular slab circumferencial direction and in 120 jiaos of non-penetrating groove；Described through slot is used to extend out inserting for layer for distal layer Pin I is passed through；Described non-penetrating groove is used for the latch III for inserting peripheral incised layer；Rotary shaft II is provided with the bottom of circular slab, Described rotary shaft II is provided with two in 180 degree distribution and the latch IV vertical with rotating shaft axis；Two described latches Plane where IV is mutually perpendicular to the plane where two latch II；Described rotary shaft II is provided with groove, and described is recessed Groove passes through for latch II's.

6. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described auxiliary power layer, including One circular slab, three are provided with described circular slab along circular slab radial distribution and in 120 jiaos of through slot and three Along the distribution of circular slab circumferencial direction and it is in 120 jiaos of non-penetrating groove；The latch I that described through slot is used to extend out layer for distal layer is worn Cross；Described non-penetrating groove is used for the latch III for inserting peripheral incised layer.

7. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described bottom guide track layer includes one Individual circular slab, three three arc-shaped slots being distributed along circular slab circumferencial direction are provided with described circular slab；Described circle Deep-slotted chip breaker is used for the latch III for inserting peripheral incised layer；Hollow shaft is provided with the bottom of described circular slab, described hollow The outer wall of axle is provided with four spiral deep-slotted chip breakers, and relative two spiral arc groove shapes are identical；Two of which Spiral deep-slotted chip breaker is used for the movement locus for limiting latch II, realizes the lifting of middle slide layer；Two other is spiral Deep-slotted chip breaker is used for the movement locus for limiting latch IV, realizes the lifting of periphery cutting lifting layer.

8. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described column includes upper profile Track and lower profile track, one is installed on by elastic component between described upper profile track and lower profile track Rise, when elastic component is pressed, can stretch, when elastic component is upspring, fix between the two between the two.

9. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described upper profile track it is interior Portion is provided with leading screw, and is provided with limit switch in the extreme position of feed screw nut motion.

10. portable and collapsible 3D printer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described nozzle assembly includes drawing Conduit, nozzle and radiated rib, described guiding tube are connected with nozzle, and radiated rib is arranged on the connection of guiding tube and nozzle Place.