CN207077039U - Aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly - Google Patents
Aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN207077039U CN207077039U CN201720773611.9U CN201720773611U CN207077039U CN 207077039 U CN207077039 U CN 207077039U CN 201720773611 U CN201720773611 U CN 201720773611U CN 207077039 U CN207077039 U CN 207077039U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- turning rolls
- cylinder
- guide rail
- enter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
It the utility model is related to a kind of aluminum bar peeling machine and enter rod assembly, it is included into rod guide rail（7.1）, it is described enter rod guide rail（7.1）It is arranged at frame（1）On, it is described enter rod guide rail（7.1）On be provided with into rod slide plate（7.2）, it is described enter rod slide plate（7.2）On be provided with down rod turning rolls（7.4）, rod turning rolls is entered under described（7.4）The left and right sides is provided with former and later two slides（7.3）, former and later two slides of the left and right sides（7.3）On be hinged with side and enter rod turning rolls（7.5）, it is described enter rod slide plate（7.2）The left and right sides is provided with cylinder block（7.7）, the cylinder block（7.7）On be hinged with into rod cylinder（7.8）, it is described enter rod cylinder（7.8）Rod turning rolls is entered in upper end with side（7.5）Outside is hinged.A kind of aluminum bar peeling machine of the utility model enters rod assembly, and it can carry out stable effective support in bar peeling process and be oriented to it, ensure the linearity of bar peeling, improve peeling efficiency, reduce peeling loss.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to a kind of aluminum bar peeling machine and enter rod assembly, belong to aluminium section bar processing technique field.
Background technology
The application of aluminium bar product is very extensive, can make in the making of the materials such as aviation, automobile and various buildings
With and with continuous development, these industries are for the quality requirement also more and more higher of aluminium bar, and the surface of aluminium bar is containing aerobic
Change skin, be the reason for one of influence aluminium bar quality is extremely important.Recognize this point, the aluminium of all production high-quality products
Factory both increases a procedure, that is, before extruding produces, the oxide skin of aluminium bar outer surface is peeled off together with dust, come
The cleaning for the aluminium bar for ensureing to produce, aluminium bar best in quality is provided for the extruding of high-end industrial aluminum profile.
And most aluminum material factories domestic at present use when peeling is carried out to aluminium bar surface using by aluminium bar top layer
The method that steel brush is brushed off or fallen with lathe car.Both processing methods really can be clean by billet surface processing, but flower
Man-hour of expense is long, it is necessary to expend substantial amounts of electric energy, the surface roughness of bar after peeling, influences the quality of subsequent extrusion product；
The bar epidermis stripped down has all had changed into aluminium skimmings, even if being packaged into aluminium skimmings block, is melted in input smelting furnace again
When, scaling loss is also quite serious, is greatly to waste；And during with lathe turning, due to can not be with the heating before extruding
Forming the producing line that matches of efficiency, it is to be produced that the aluminium bar after the completion of railway carriage must be individually placed etc., so not only accounts for factory building, and
Be it is a kind of product overstock waste, more seriously the aluminium bar after railway carriage after a long time in the case of, surface will sink
Dust in product air, and re-oxidation can occur, do not reach the initial purpose cleaned to billet surface so that peeling
This process becomes complete waste.
The utility model patent of Application No. 201520409516.1 discloses a kind of hot aluminum bar peeling machine, and it includes lifting
The parts such as positioner, apparatus for peeling off and material-receiving device, can quickly, it is accurate, stably accomplish peeling work, the aluminium bar stripped out
Thickness is uniform and surface quality is good；And the arrangement for chip and recovery also enhanced convenience, greatly reducing waste
Situation.But above-mentioned peeling machine only has single station, every time can only the disengaging of single material, and feed discharging and rely on artificial progress
Adjustment, labor strength is big, has been greatly reduced production efficiency.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of aluminum bar peeling machine for above-mentioned prior art to enter rod
Component, it can carry out stable effective support in bar peeling process and be oriented to it, ensure the straight of bar peeling
Dimension, peeling efficiency is improved, reduce peeling loss.
The technical scheme in the invention for solving the above technical problem is：A kind of aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly, and it is wrapped
Include into rod guide rail, it is described enter rod guide rail be arranged in frame, it is described enter rod guide rail on be provided with into rod slide plate, it is described enter rod slide plate
On be provided with down rod turning rolls, enter under described at left and right sides of rod turning rolls and be provided with former and later two slides, the left and right sides
Slide is arranged symmetrically, and side is hinged with former and later two slides of the left and right sides and enters rod turning rolls, enter under described rod turning rolls and
Side is entered on rod turning rolls to be provided with into rod roller, it is described enter rod slide plate at left and right sides of be provided with cylinder block, on the cylinder block
Be hinged with into rod cylinder, it is described enter rod cylinder upper end enter on the outside of rod turning rolls to be hinged with side.
The slide includes bottom plate, and articulated slab is provided with the bottom plate, is provided with coulisse on the inside of the articulated slab, institute
To state and chute is offered on the inside of coulisse, the chute is inclined upwardly forward arrangement after, and the chute front side offers spacing hole,
Caging bolt is provided with the spacing hole, enters on rod turning rolls to be coated with former and later two the second rotating shafts under described, described second
Rotating shaft left and right ends are provided with pulley, and the pulley is arranged in chute.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of：
1st, the utility model can carry out stable effective support in bar peeling process and be oriented to it, ensure bar
The linearity of peeling, peeling efficiency is improved, reduce peeling loss；
2nd, the utility model can adjust down the height of rod turning rolls, so as to ensure bar and top rod oil cylinder and bark knife
In sustained height, so as to ensure that final peeling result.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of dimensional structure diagram of multistation aluminum bar peeling machine.
Fig. 2 is a kind of dimensional structure diagram at another visual angle of multistation aluminum bar peeling machine.
Fig. 3 is a kind of sectional view of multistation aluminum bar peeling machine.
Fig. 4 is the dimensional structure diagram that rod assembly is moved in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the dimensional structure diagram of Tu4Zhong Yi rods mechanism.
Fig. 6 is the dimensional structure diagram at another visual angle of Tu4Zhong Yi rods mechanism.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view of Tu4Zhong Yi rods mechanism.
Fig. 8 is the dimensional structure diagram that a kind of aluminum bar peeling machine of the utility model enters rod assembly.
Fig. 9 is Fig. 8 front view.
Figure 10 is the dimensional structure diagram of slide in Fig. 1.
Figure 11 is Figure 10 right view.
Figure 12 is the dimensional structure diagram for going out rod assembly in Fig. 1.
Figure 13 is the dimensional structure diagram of material returned component in Fig. 1.
Figure 14 is the schematic view of the mounting position of material returned component in Fig. 1.
Wherein：
Frame 1
First support frame 2
Oil cylinder fixed plate 3
Broach fixed plate 4
Second support frame 5
Move rod assembly 6
Move rod frame 6.1
Move rod guide rail 6.2
Yi Bang mechanisms 6.3
Move rod slide plate 6.3.1
Crane 6.3.2
Riser guide 6.3.3
Lifter slide 6.3.4
First oil cylinder connecting seat 6.3.5
Hoist cylinder 6.3.6
Press from both sides rod cylinder 6.3.7
Cylinder connecting seat 6.3.8
Press from both sides rod roller 6.3.9
Bearing pin 6.3.10
Press from both sides rod fixed mount 6.3.11
Cam holder 6.3.12
First rotating shaft 6.3.13
Side bitting clamp 6.3.14
Limit card slot 6.3.15
Reductor 6.3.16
Drive sprocket 6.3.17
Transition sprocket wheel 6.3.18
Enter rod assembly 7
Enter rod guide rail 7.1
Enter rod slide plate 7.2
Slide 7.3
Bottom plate 7.3.1
Articulated slab 7.3.2
Coulisse 7.3.3
Chute 7.3.4
Spacing hole 7.3.5
Under enter rod turning rolls 7.4
Rod turning rolls 7.5 is entered in side
Enter rod roller 7.6
Cylinder block 7.7
Enter rod cylinder 7.8
Second rotating shaft 7.9
Pulley 7.10
Go out rod assembly 8
Go out rod guide rail 8.1
Go out rod slide plate 8.2
Press from both sides rod frame 8.3
Seeker 8.4
Press from both sides caput 8.5
Chuck cylinder 8.6
Chuck connecting rod 8.7
Connect bearing pin 8.8
Second oil cylinder connecting seat 8.9
Material returned component 9
Cylinder frame 9.1
Material returned cylinder 9.2
Shaft seat 9.3
3rd rotating shaft 9.4
Material returned arm 9.5
4th rotating shaft 9.6
Material returned groove 9.7
Roller frame bottom plate 9.8
First roller frame 9.9
Second roller frame 9.10
Support roller 9.11
Push up rod oil cylinder 10
Hydraulic station 11
Oil cylinder support frame 12
Go out rod roller-way 13
Material blocking shaft 14
Gear stick bar 15
First limit shaft 16
Second limit shaft 17
Oil cylinder back seat 18
Oil cylinder front stall 19
Go out rod oil cylinder 20
Push rod 21
Guide rod 22
Guide plate 23
Pusher ring 24
Pressure ring 25
Bark knife 26
Gasket ring 27
Pusher cylinder 28.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, a kind of multistation aluminum bar peeling machine, it includes frame 1, in the frame 1 after forward according to
It is secondary to be provided with oil cylinder fixed plate 3, broach fixed plate 4 and go out rod roller-way 13, top rod oil cylinder is provided with the oil cylinder fixed plate 3
10, be provided with bark knife 26 in the broach fixed plate 4, it is described go out rod roller-way 13 on be provided with out rod assembly 8, the oil cylinder is consolidated
Fixed board 3 and the top of broach fixed plate 4 are provided with and move rod assembly 6, are provided between the oil cylinder fixed plate 3 and broach fixed plate 4
Enter rod assembly 7；
The rear side of broach fixed plate 4 is provided with material returned component 9；
The rear end of frame 1 is provided with oil cylinder support frame 12, and the oil cylinder support frame 12 is arranged at the lower section of top rod oil cylinder 10
For branch support rod oil cylinder 10；
The top of top rod oil cylinder 10 is provided with hydraulic station 11, and the lower section of hydraulic station 11 is provided with for support hydraulic pressure station
11 the first support frame 2；
The lower section of rod assembly 6 of moving is provided with the second support frame 5 that rod assembly 6 is shifted for propping up；
It is described go out the rear side of rod roller-way 13 be provided with material blocking shaft 14, gear stick bar 15, the gear are provided with the material blocking shaft 14
The front and rear sides of bar 15 are respectively arranged with the first limit shaft 16 and the second limit shaft 17；
Be provided with oil cylinder back seat 18 and oil cylinder front stall 19 in the frame 1, the oil cylinder back seat 18 and oil cylinder front stall 19 it
Between rod oil cylinder 20 is set out, it is described go out rod oil cylinder 20 be used to drive out rod assembly 7 to move forward and backward；
The front end of top rod oil cylinder 10 is provided with push rod 21；
It is horizontally disposed between the oil cylinder fixed plate 3 and broach fixed plate 4 to have guide rod 22, the top rod oil cylinder
10 front ends are provided with guide plate 23, and the guide plate 23 is set on guide rod 22；
The front and rear sides of bark knife 26 are respectively arranged with gasket ring 27 and pressure ring 25, and the bark knife 26 passes through the He of gasket ring 27
Pressure ring 25 is fixedly installed in broach fixed plate 4；
The front side of broach fixed plate 4 is provided with material returned cylinder 28, and the rear side of broach fixed plate 4 is provided with pusher ring
24, the pusher ring 24 is located at the outside of bark knife 26, and the rear end of material returned cylinder 28 passes through broach fixed plate 4 and the phase of pusher ring 24
Connection；
Referring to Fig. 4 ~ Fig. 7, the shifting rod assembly 6 includes moving rod frame 6.1, is provided with the shifting rod frame 6.1 and moves rod guide rail
6.2, described move on rod guide rail 6.2 is provided with Yi Bang mechanisms 6.3；
The Yi Bang mechanisms 6.3 include moving rod slide plate 6.3.1, and the shifting rod slide plate 6.3.1, which is arranged at, moves rod guide rail 6.2
On, it is provided with the shifting rod slide plate 6.3.1 on crane 6.3.2, the crane 6.3.2 and is vertically provided with lifting
Lifter slide 6.3.4, the lifter slide are provided with guide rail 6.3.3 and hoist cylinder 6.3.6, the riser guide 6.3.3
6.3.4 the first oil cylinder connecting seat 6.3.5, the hoist cylinder 6.3.6 lower ends and the first oil cylinder connecting seat 6.3.5 phases are provided with
Connect, folder rod cylinder 6.3.7 is vertically provided with the lifter slide 6.3.4, the folder rod cylinder 6.3.7 lower ends connect
Connect to be provided with front side of cylinder connecting seat 6.3.8, the cylinder connecting seat 6.3.8 and the folder of left and right two is provided with by bearing pin 6.3.10
Rod roller 6.3.9, the shifting rod slide plate 6.3.1 bottoms are provided with folder rod fixed mount 6.3.10, the folder rod fixed mount 6.3.10
It is upper to be hinged with by first rotating shaft 6.3.13 at the top of two side bitting clamps 6.3.14, described two side bitting clamp 6.3.14 of left and right arrangement
Cam holder 6.3.12 is fixedly installed, two cam holder 6.3.12 are symmetrically arranged, on the cam holder 6.3.12 inner sides
Portion offers limit card slot 6.3.15, and the folder rod roller 6.3.9 is placed in limit card slot 6.3.15, folder rod roller 6.3.9
Moved up and down in the presence of rod cylinder 6.3.7 is pressed from both sides, cam holder 6.3.12 is in the presence of rod roller 6.3.9 is pressed from both sides around first rotating shaft
6.3.13 rotate, so as to drive the side bitting clamp 6.3.14 of left and right two to clamp or unclamp bar；
Reductor 6.3.16 is provided with the shifting rod slide plate 6.3.1, the reductor 6.3.16 output ends are provided with master
Movable sprocket 6.3.17, the front end of shifting rod frame 6.1 are provided with by movable sprocket, the drive sprocket 6.3.17 and by between movable sprocket
It is connected by chain；
The drive sprocket 6.3.17 and transition sprocket wheel 6.3.18, the transition sprocket wheel are provided between movable sprocket
6.3.18 it is arranged at and moves rod slide plate 6.3.1 bottoms；
Participate in Fig. 8 ~ Figure 11, it is described enter rod assembly 7 include into rod guide rail 7.1, it is described enter rod guide rail 7.1 be arranged at frame 1
On, it is described enter rod guide rail 7.1 on be provided with into rod slide plate 7.2, it is described enter rod slide plate 7.2 on be provided with down rod turning rolls 7.4,
Entering the left and right sides of rod turning rolls 7.4 under described and be provided with former and later two slides 7.3, the slide 7.3 of the left and right sides is arranged symmetrically,
Side is hinged with former and later two slides 7.3 of the left and right sides and enters rod turning rolls 7.5, and rod turning rolls 7.4 is entered under described and side is entered
Be provided with rod turning rolls 7.5 into rod roller 7.6, it is described enter the left and right sides of rod slide plate 7.2 be provided with cylinder block 7.7, it is described
Be hinged with cylinder block 7.7 into rod cylinder 7.8, it is described enter the upper end of rod cylinder 7.8 enter the outside of rod turning rolls 7.5 with side and be hinged；
The slide 7.3 includes being provided with articulated slab 7.3.2, the articulated slab on bottom plate 7.3.1, the bottom plate 7.3.1
7.3.2 inner side is provided with the inside of coulisse 7.3.3, the coulisse 7.3.3 and offers chute 7.3.4, the chute 7.3.4 certainly
Be inclined upwardly forward arrangement afterwards, offers on front side of the chute 7.3.4 and is provided with spacing hole 7.3.5, the spacing hole 7.3.5
Caging bolt, enter on rod turning rolls 7.4 to be coated with former and later two the second rotating shafts 7.9, second rotating shaft 7.9 or so two under described
End is provided with pulley 7.10, and the pulley 7.10 is arranged in chute 7.3.4；
Referring to Figure 12, it is described go out rod assembly 8 include rod guide rail 8.1, it is described go out rod guide rail 8.1 be arranged at out rod roller-way 13
On, it is described go out rod guide rail 8.1 on be provided with out rod slide plate 8.2, it is described go out the rear side of rod slide plate 8.2 be provided with folder rod frame 8.3, it is described
The rear side of folder rod frame 8.3 is provided with seeker 8.4, and the left and right sides of seeker 8.4 is symmetrically arranged with folder caput 8.5, the folder
Caput 8.5 is hinged with folder rod frame 8.3, and the outside of folder caput 8.5 is provided with connection bearing pin 8.8, described to connect on bearing pin 8.8
Be provided with folder rod connecting rod 8.7, be provided with out rod cylinder 8.6 between the folder rod connecting rod 8.7 of left and right two, it is described go out 8.6 liang of rod cylinder
End is hinged with the rear end of folder rod connecting rod 8.7 of left and right two respectively；
It is described go out the bottom of rod slide plate 8.2 be provided with the second oil cylinder connecting seat 8.9, it is described go out the front end of rod oil cylinder 20 and the second oil
Cylinder connecting seat 8.9 is connected；
Referring to Figure 13, Figure 14, the material returned component 9 includes cylinder frame 9.1, and the lower section of cylinder frame 9.1 is provided with rotating shaft
Seat 9.3, material returned cylinder 9.2 is hinged with the cylinder frame 9.1, the 3rd rotating shaft 9.4 is provided with the shaft seat 9.3, it is described
Material returned arm 9.5 is hinged with 3rd rotating shaft 9.4, the lower end of material returned cylinder 9.2 is connected with the middle part of material returned arm 9.5, described to move back
The material lower end of arm 9.5 is hinged with material returned groove 9.7 by the 4th rotating shaft 9.6, and the lower section of material returned groove 9.7 is provided with roller frame bottom plate
9.8, the first roller frame 9.9 and the second roller frame 9.10, first roller frame 9.9 are provided with the bottom plate of roller frame 9.8
Positioned at the left side of the second roller frame 9.10, support roller 9.11, institute are provided with the roller frame 9.10 of the first roller frame 9.9 and second
The height of support roller 9.11 of the first roller frame 9.9 is stated higher than the height of support roller 9.11 on the second roller frame 9.10.
In addition to the implementation, the utility model also includes other embodiment, all to use equivalents or equivalent
The technical scheme that substitute mode is formed, all should fall within the protection domain of the utility model claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly, it is characterised in that：It is included into rod guide rail（7.1）, it is described enter rod guide rail（7.1）
It is arranged at frame（1）On, it is described enter rod guide rail（7.1）On be provided with into rod slide plate（7.2）, it is described enter rod slide plate（7.2）On set
It is equipped with down rod turning rolls（7.4）, rod turning rolls is entered under described（7.4）The left and right sides is provided with former and later two slides（7.3）,
The slide of the left and right sides（7.3）It is arranged symmetrically, former and later two slides of the left and right sides（7.3）On be hinged with side and enter rod turning rolls
（7.5）, rod turning rolls is entered under described（7.4）Enter rod turning rolls with side（7.5）On be provided with into rod roller（7.6）, it is described enter
Rod slide plate（7.2）The left and right sides is provided with cylinder block（7.7）, the cylinder block（7.7）On be hinged with into rod cylinder（7.8）, institute
State into rod cylinder（7.8）Rod turning rolls is entered in upper end with side（7.5）Outside is hinged.
2. a kind of aluminum bar peeling machine according to claim 1 enters rod assembly, it is characterised in that：The slide（7.3）Including
Bottom plate（7.3.1）, the bottom plate（7.3.1）On be provided with articulated slab（7.3.2）, the articulated slab（7.3.2）Inner side is provided with
Coulisse（7.3.3）, the coulisse（7.3.3）Inner side offers chute（7.3.4）, the chute（7.3.4）After forward
Be inclined upwardly arrangement, the chute（7.3.4）Front side offers spacing hole（7.3.5）, the spacing hole（7.3.5）Inside it is provided with
Caging bolt, rod turning rolls is entered under described（7.4）On be coated with former and later two the second rotating shafts（7.9）, second rotating shaft（7.9）
Left and right ends are provided with pulley（7.10）, the pulley（7.10）It is arranged at chute（7.3.4）It is interior.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720773611.9U CN207077039U (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720773611.9U CN207077039U (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN207077039U true CN207077039U (en) | 2018-03-09 |
Family
ID=61426915
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720773611.9U Active CN207077039U (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN207077039U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107931724A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏江顺精密机电设备有限公司 | Aluminum bar peeling machine is into rod assembly |
-
2017
- 2017-06-29 CN CN201720773611.9U patent/CN207077039U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107931724A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-04-20 | 江苏江顺精密机电设备有限公司 | Aluminum bar peeling machine is into rod assembly |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107175369A (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine moves rod assembly | |
| CN107186284A (en) | Multistation aluminum bar peeling machine | |
| CN107671415B (en) | Method and device for preparing composite plate blank by friction welding | |
| CN107553141B (en) | Full-automatic multi-specification extrusion rounding grinding ball production line | |
| CN107413869A (en) | A kind of acid cleaning of steel tube cold-drawn machining production line | |
| CN104384192A (en) | Tube drawing machine and seamless tube rolling method | |
| CN207077039U (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine enters rod assembly | |
| CN107931724A (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine is into rod assembly | |
| CN207071725U (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine moves rod assembly | |
| CN207077040U (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine material returned component | |
| CN207077245U (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine goes out rod assembly | |
| CN113618065B (en) | Powder metallurgy injection molding system | |
| CN105598234B (en) | Square tube, which is turned round, twists production line | |
| CN207077041U (en) | Multistation aluminum bar peeling machine | |
| CN214242846U (en) | Clamping, overturning and feeding mechanism | |
| CN102921757A (en) | Automatic charging and discharging device for bend pipe cold-extrusion processing | |
| CN212551087U (en) | Non-ferrous metal rolling device with positioning device | |
| CN108747713A (en) | Aluminium material surface polishing machine | |
| CN107651433A (en) | A kind of dry body arranges conveyer | |
| CN110524257B (en) | Square pipe production device | |
| CN107199374A (en) | Aluminum bar peeling machine material returned component | |
| CN110538880A (en) | cross rolling process for large shaft wedge | |
| CN116393642A (en) | Steel forging processing equipment and process thereof | |
| CN115570088A (en) | Automatic roll forging forming production line | |
| CN113680824B (en) | Double-station mandrel circulation stop rolling process and device for hot-rolled seamless pipe and application of double-station mandrel circulation stop rolling process and device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |