CN206945129U - A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique - Google Patents
A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN206945129U CN206945129U CN201720565010.9U CN201720565010U CN206945129U CN 206945129 U CN206945129 U CN 206945129U CN 201720565010 U CN201720565010 U CN 201720565010U CN 206945129 U CN206945129 U CN 206945129U
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Abstract
A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique, is made up of piezoelectric energy collector and signal conditioning circuit.Sinusoidal vibration is directly detected by piezoelectric energy collector, and the vibration is converted into corresponding output voltage；Signal conditioning circuit is built using switched-capacitor circuit, pulse shaper and low pass filter；The output voltage of piezoelectric energy collector is handled by signal conditioning circuit, obtains the output voltage signal of a reflection vibration frequency size；To realize the direct measurement of sinusoidal vibration frequency, while simplify vibrating sensor system architecture, reduce use cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to sensor field, is related specifically to a kind of novel vibrating frequency based on switched capacitor technique
Sensing system.
Background technology
Mechanical oscillation phenomenon is prevalent in production, the every aspect of life, it is intended that control machinery vibration is with more preferable
The production of the mankind, life are served in ground.But in most cases, mechanical oscillation are uncontrollable and are harmful, examples
Such as：The friction of mechanical bearing or bias will cause high speed and precision main shaft to produce vibration, and then influence precision machined precision；Machine
Tool, which resonates, can aggravate the vibration of machine and rotary part, cause mechanical breakdown, or even destroy whole production system, cause economic damage
The serious consequences such as mistake, casualties, environmental pollution.To reduce the harm of mechanical oscillation, ensure plant equipment safe and reliable operation,
The real-time monitoring of mechanical oscillation and the early diagnosis of mechanical breakdown are highly important.At present, conventional mechanical oscillation are supervised in real time
Survey and analysis method includes：Vibration measurement and analysis, crude oil sample analysis, flaw detection, noise measuring etc., vibrate in the above-mentioned methods
Measurement and analysis are a kind of relatively effective methods.
In recent years, occur the vibrating sensor of diversified forms on the market, can be generally divided into two classes：Non-contact sensor
Device system and touch sensor system.Wherein noncontacting proximity sensor system is made up of electric capacity, inductance, optical element etc. more,
Certain effect is achieved to a certain extent.But still there are problems to need to solve, such as the biography based on electric capacity and inductance
Sensor system electromagnetism interference performance is poor；Sensing system based on optical element easily by rough surface, opaque gas,
The influence of the factors such as dust；In addition, noncontacting proximity sensor system architecture is more complicated, cost is higher.Comparatively, contact
Sensing system is then the vibration using some sensors such as accelerometer or probe measurement body surface, with non-contact sensor
Device system is compared, and touch sensor system is relatively simple, cost is relatively low, can equally obtain preferable effect.
However, existing vibration frequency sensing system, all there is following lack in either contact or contactless
Fall into：
（1）Displacement, speed and the acceleration of the most of direct measurement vibrations of vibrating sensor system, and can not directly reflect
The size of vibration frequency；
（2）In order to obtain frequency information from these common vibrating sensor systems, it is necessary to increase extra conversion or
Processing unit, causes that system is more complicated, redundancy, adds use cost.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for existing vibration frequency sensing system, the present utility model one kind are based on switching capacity skill
The novel vibrating frequency sensor system of art, is made up of piezoelectric energy collector and signal conditioning circuit.Adopted by piezoelectric energy
Storage directly detects sinusoidal vibration, and the vibration is converted into corresponding output voltage；Utilize switched-capacitor circuit, pulse shaper
Signal conditioning circuit is built with low pass filter；By signal conditioning circuit to the output voltage of piezoelectric energy collector at
Reason, obtain the output voltage signal of a reflection vibration frequency size；To realize the direct measurement of sinusoidal vibration frequency, while letter
Change vibrating sensor system architecture, reduce use cost.
A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique, as shown in figure 1, including：Piezoelectric energy
Collector and signal conditioning circuit.
The piezoelectric energy collector uses Piezoelectric Cantilever Beams, and piezoelectric energy collector is clamped to be fixed on shake table
On.Function signal generator produces a sine output signal, and shake table is input to after power amplifier amplifies and produces phase
The sinusoidal vibration answered, in this way, shake table provide the sinusoidal vibration determined under frequency for piezoelectric cantilever.Shaken by input sine
The influence of dynamic excitation, based on piezo-electric effect, the bilevel piezoelectric of piezoelectric cantilever produces stretching or compression because of vibration
Deformation, form sine output voltage.Thus, piezoelectric energy collector can be defeated into corresponding sine by sinusoidal vibration frequency conversion
Go out voltage.
The signal conditioning circuit is made up of switched-capacitor circuit, pulse shaper and low pass filter, available for handling
The sine output voltage of piezoelectric energy collector, and export a voltage signal related to vibration frequency size.
The switched-capacitor circuit, as shown in Fig. 2 by switchingFormed with full bridge rectifier, the switchWith pressure
Electric energy collect and acquisition is in parallel to be can be used for driving full bridge rectifier.SwitchBy the Pulse Width Control of fixed duty cycle.Often through more than half
Individual vibration period, the output current of piezoelectric energy collectorRun past zero point or symbol changes, current zero-crossing point touches
Hair produces pulse control signal so that switchConducting, discharges electric capacity quicklyThe voltage at both ends, onceComplete, switchIt will disconnect.When the output current of piezoelectric energy collector is changed into timing through zero crossing from negative, switched-capacitor circuit both ends
Voltage byIt is changed into；It is opposite, when piezoelectric energy collector output current through zero crossing by
When being just changed into negative, the voltage at switched-capacitor circuit both endsByIt is changed into.In summary, open
Powered-down capacitive circuit output voltageAnd electric currentIt is same phase.Therefore, switched-capacitor circuit can be used for tracking piezoelectric energy collection
The zero point of device output current simultaneously overturns piezoelectric energy collector output voltage polarity, to realize the tracking of vibration frequency, simultaneously
To switched-capacitor circuit output voltage.The tradition application of switched-capacitor circuit gathers field mainly for piezoelectric energy, is pressing
It can be used for reducing the energy loss during piezoelectric ceramics electric capacity charge and discharge during generated energy acquisition, to improve piezoelectric energy
The energy acquisition power of collector；And in the present invention, switched-capacitor circuit is mainly used in follow current zero point, turnover voltage pole
Property, to realize the tracking of vibration frequency.
The pulse shaper, as shown in figure 3, being connected with switched-capacitor circuit, mainly include：Differential circuit, electricity
Comparator, monostable flipflop are pressed, three is sequentially connected.It is describedDifferential circuit is by switched-capacitor circuit output voltage signalChange into periodicity spike signal, in differential circuit the concrete numerical value of electric capacity and resistance by vibration frequency andWhen
Between constantDetermine.Time constantAnd the vibration periodFollowing relation should be met：, so in switched-capacitor circuit
The rising and falling edges of signal, the output voltage of differential circuitHigher pulse spike just occurs, so as to be advantageous to rear class
Voltage comparator processing；The voltage comparator, withDifferential circuit is connected, by comparing spikeWith DC reference electricity
Pressure, can be by spikeConvert squaring, the pulsewidth of the rectangular pulse changes with vibration frequency, in order to
Obtain preferable conversion effect, DC reference voltageIt should be less than 50mV；The monostable flipflop, with voltage comparator phase
Even, can be by the rectangular pulse of pulse width variations positioned at the end of pulse shaperChange into the rectangular pulse of pulsewidth fixation
, pulsewidth and the changeless periodic rectangular pulse of high level can be obtained using the monostable flipflop.In summary, pass through
Pulse shaper can be by the output voltage of switched-capacitor circuitBe converted to the rectangular pulse of pulsewidth and high level fixation。
The low pass filter, as shown in figure 4, positioned at the end of signal modulation circuit, by single orderWave filter and second order
Sallen-Key low pass filters form.Low pass filter can be used for the rectangular pulse for filtering out pulsewidth and high level is fixedIn
AC compounent to extract its DC component, and then obtain the concrete numerical value of vibration frequency。
Theoretically analyze, the acquisition process of sinusoidal vibration frequency is as follows：
Pulsewidth and the specific mathematic(al) representation of periodic rectangular pulse of high level fixation are：
Wherein,Represent pulse width,Represent the cycle,For output voltage high level.FunctionFourier's level
Number form formula is represented by：
The DC component and pulse width for the periodic rectangular pulse that pulsewidth and high level are fixed as can be seen from the above equation、
Cycle, output voltage high levelIt is relevant.In vibration processes, if can guarantee thatWithIt is constant, then DC component only with
CycleRelevant, such vibration frequency can be determined by DC component.
The concrete form of three rank Sallen-Key low pass filter functions is：
Wherein,For the cut-off frequency of single order RC wave filters,For the cut-off frequency of second order Sallen-Key wave filters,For attenuation coefficient.Value is 0.707, to obtain maximum passband frequency response；WithValue can be vibration frequency
's, to obtain preferable filter effect.
As described above, low pass filter can extract DC component, pass through DC componentCalculate vibration frequency
RateMethod it is as follows：
A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique, its structure are relatively simple；Use
Cost is relatively low；And extra conversion or processing unit can direct measurement sinusoidal vibration frequency need not be increased；The biography simultaneously
Sensor system obtains more satisfactory measurement result in wider frequency range.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is novel vibrating frequency sensor system structure diagram of the utility model based on switched capacitor technique；
Fig. 2 is switched-capacitor circuit principle schematic described in the utility model；
Fig. 3 is pulse shaper principle schematic described in the utility model；
Fig. 4 is principle of lowpass filter schematic diagram described in the utility model；
Fig. 5 is experimental provision structural representation.
Embodiment
The experimental provision of the specific embodiment as shown in figure 5, including：Digital oscilloscope, function signal generator, signal
Modulate circuit, power amplifier, piezoelectric energy collector, shake table, driving power etc..
Vibration frequency range is 200Hz to 500Hz in the specific embodiment, according to frequency minima, cut-off frequency
WithPreferred value be 10Hz.
The piezoelectric energy collector is fixed on a vibration table by clamp.
The signal conditioning circuit includes switched-capacitor circuit, pulse shaper and low pass filter.
The function signal generator is used to produce sinusoidal signal, wherein being input to signal condition as switching pulse all the way
Circuit, in addition a-road-through overpower amplifier act on shake table, stable sinusoidal vibration is provided for piezoelectric energy collector.
The digital oscilloscope is used for the output voltage for measuring and showing signal conditioning circuit, in view of vibration frequencyWith output voltageProportional relation, so vibration frequency can be directly obtained according to output voltage.
Embodiment is as follows：
Function signal generator produces the sinusoidal signal of standard, after power amplifier amplifies, acts on shake table；Vibration
Platform can carry out the sinusoidal vibration of rule；The piezoelectric energy collector being fixed on shake table is influenceed by sinusoidal vibration, based on pressure
Electrical effect, the bilevel piezoelectric of piezoelectric cantilever produce stretching or compressive deformation because of vibration, form sinusoidal output electricity
Stream.This output current passes through switched-capacitor circuit, when electric current is changed by zero point or symbol, switched-capacitor circuit first
Output voltage can change, to realize tracking to vibration frequency.The output voltage of switched-capacitor circuit is through shaping pulse
Device and low pass filter, carry out pulsewidth and fix and filtering process, obtain the DC component that can reflect vibration frequency size, and
Shown on digital oscilloscope.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique, it is characterised in that：Including：Piezoelectric energy is adopted Storage and signal conditioning circuit；The signal conditioning circuit is made up of switched-capacitor circuit, pulse shaper and low pass filter； The switched-capacitor circuit, by switchingFormed with full bridge rectifier；The switchIt is in parallel with piezoelectric energy collector； The pulse shaper, is connected with switched-capacitor circuit, mainly includes：Differential circuit, voltage comparator, monostable are touched Device is sent out, three is sequentially connected；The voltage comparator, withDifferential circuit is connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720565010.9U CN206945129U (en) | 2017-05-20 | 2017-05-20 | A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720565010.9U CN206945129U (en) | 2017-05-20 | 2017-05-20 | A kind of novel vibrating frequency sensor system based on switched capacitor technique |
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| CN206945129U true CN206945129U (en) | 2018-01-30 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109067248A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2018-12-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of adaptive power conditioning circuit for piezoelectric vibration prisoner's energy |
| CN109302098A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-02-01 | 天津大学 | A kind of zero-point voltage biasing reverse circuit for piezoelectric cantilever |
| CN109378998A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-02-22 | 天津大学 | A kind of automatic conditioning circuit of piezoelectric cantilever voltage based on detection current zero |
-
2017
- 2017-05-20 CN CN201720565010.9U patent/CN206945129U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109067248A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2018-12-21 | 天津大学 | A kind of adaptive power conditioning circuit for piezoelectric vibration prisoner's energy |
| CN109302098A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-02-01 | 天津大学 | A kind of zero-point voltage biasing reverse circuit for piezoelectric cantilever |
| CN109378998A (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2019-02-22 | 天津大学 | A kind of automatic conditioning circuit of piezoelectric cantilever voltage based on detection current zero |
| CN109302098B (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2020-04-28 | 天津大学 | Zero voltage bias turnover circuit for piezoelectric cantilever beam |
| CN109067248B (en) * | 2018-09-16 | 2020-04-28 | 天津大学 | Self-adaptive power conditioning circuit for piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180130 Termination date: 20200520 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |