CN108964516A - A kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit - Google Patents
A kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108964516A CN108964516A CN201710360388.XA CN201710360388A CN108964516A CN 108964516 A CN108964516 A CN 108964516A CN 201710360388 A CN201710360388 A CN 201710360388A CN 108964516 A CN108964516 A CN 108964516A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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Abstract
A kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit, is made of piezoelectric energy collector, frequency detection circuit and energy collection circuit.Corresponding output sinusoidal voltage is converted by sinusoidal mechanical oscillation by piezoelectric energy collector；The output voltage is handled by frequency detection circuit to obtain output d. c. voltage signal, vibration frequency can be calculated according to this signal；The output voltage of piezoelectric energy collector is subjected to energy stores collection by energy collection circuit, is powered for entire sensing system.The sensing system scheme is simple, can directly can measure sinusoidal vibration frequency without battery power supply within the scope of certain frequency, under certain oscillation intensity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sensor fields, are related specifically to a kind of self-powered vibration frequency biography based on biasing reverse circuit
Sensor system.
Background technique
Oscillation phenomenon is widely present in the production of nature and the mankind, in life.For mechanical equipment, most events
Barrier is all to have close ties with mechanical movement or vibration, and vibration detection has direct, real-time and fault type wide coverage
The characteristics of.Therefore, vibration detection is the core in the various prospective maintenance technologies for mechanical equipment.Vibration Parameter
Measurement, the especially measurement of vibration frequency, significance and importance is self-evident, thus people have invented various measurement vibration frequencies
Method and instrument.And the front end of vibration detecting system is sensor, it is the soul of entire test macro, by countries in the world
Be classified as sophisticated technology, especially IC technology and computer technology fast-developing in recent years, for sensor development provide it is good
It is good basic with reliable science and technology.Make sensor development day crescent benefit, and digitize, it is multi-functional with it is intelligent be modern biography
The important feature of sensor development.
It currently, existing a variety of vibrating sensors in the market, can be generally divided into two classes: noncontacting proximity sensor system and connecing
Touch sensing system.And existing vibrating sensor system, either contact or contactless, all there is following lack
Fall into: most of vibrating sensor system directly measures the displacement of vibration, velocity and acceleration, and can not directly reflect vibration frequency
Size；In order to obtain frequency information from these common sensing systems, it is necessary to increase additional conversion or processing unit, lead
Cause system is more complicated, redundancy, increases use cost.
In terms of power-supplying forms, current most vibrating sensor supplies energy using traditional battery system.Due to
Vibrating sensor volume is small, and the self-contained energy content of battery is limited, is not able to satisfy long-term work needs, therefore powerup issue is
Through the important restriction factor for becoming the development of radio sensing network node.For existing vibrating sensor system, traditional chemical
Battery-powered time is limited, needs periodic replacement battery, however does not have the condition of often replacement battery in certain applications.
In recent years, the environmental energy acquisition technique technical concept new as one, gets growing concern for, with low
The progress of power consumption large scale integrated circuit technology and advanced power management techniques can believe microsensor and low power consumption digital
The power control of number processor in 1mW hereinafter, so low power consumption make to collect ambient energy microminiature sensor and its
He is possibly realized electronics (i.e. self energizing technology), is provided using environmental energy acquisition technique for wireless sensor network
Energy supply gradually becomes the advanced subject studied at present.The energy utilized can be acquired in environment mechanical vibrational energy, light
Energy, thermal energy etc..Mechanical vibrational energy is one of the energy relatively broad in environment, is lived naturally with the vibration in working environment almost
It is ubiquitous, and unlike solar energy, thermal energy etc. by natural conditions restrict, directly from environment extract vibrational energy be low-power consumption electricity
Sub- device energy supply has broad application prospects.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing systems based on biasing reverse circuit, by piezoelectric energy
Collector, frequency detection circuit and energy collection circuit composition.Sinusoidal mechanical oscillation are converted to by piezoelectric energy collector
Corresponding output sinusoidal voltage；The output voltage is handled by frequency detection circuit to obtain output d. c. voltage signal,
Vibration frequency can be calculated according to this signal；The output voltage of piezoelectric energy collector is subjected to energy by energy collection circuit
Storage is collected, and is powered for entire sensing system.The sensing system scheme is simple, can within the scope of certain frequency, it is certain
Under oscillation intensity, sinusoidal vibration frequency can be directly measured without battery power supply.
A kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit, as shown in Figure 1, comprising: piezoelectricity energy
Measure collector, frequency detection circuit and energy collection circuit.
The piezoelectric energy collector uses Piezoelectric Cantilever Beams, and piezoelectric energy collector is clamped to be fixed on shake table
On.Function signal generator generates a sine output signal, and shake table is input to after power amplifier amplifies and generates phase
The sinusoidal vibration answered, by this method, shake table provide the sinusoidal vibration under determining frequency for piezoelectric cantilever.By the sinusoidal vibration of input
The influence of dynamic excitation, is based on piezoelectric effect, and the bilevel piezoelectric material of piezoelectric cantilever generates stretching or compression because of vibration
Deformation forms sine output voltage.Thus, piezoelectric energy collector can be defeated at corresponding sine by sinusoidal vibration frequency conversion
Voltage out.
The frequency detection circuit is made of biasing reverse circuit, pulse shaper and low-pass filter, can be used for handling
The sine output voltage of piezoelectric energy collector, and export a voltage signal relevant to vibration frequency size.
The biasing reverse circuit, as shown in Fig. 2 dash area.Reverse circuit is biased by an inductanceWith MOS switch group
At circuit shown in non-shaded portion is the equivalent-circuit model of piezoelectric energy collecting device in Fig. 2.VoltageFor MOS switch control
Voltage processed, when the switch is closed, inductanceAnd capacitorConstitute high frequencyResonant tank simultaneously shouldResonant tank starts
Oscillation；ByA cycle of oscillation switch disconnects, capacitorOn voltage byIt is turned into；Once piezoelectric energy acquires
The output electric current of deviceIt changes through zero crossing or symbol, biasing reverse circuit will work, therefore its output voltageWith
Electric currentIt is same phase.In conclusion biasing reverse circuit can be used for tracking piezoelectric energy collector output current zero and turn over
Turn piezoelectric energy collector output voltage polarity, to realize that vibration frequency tracks, while obtaining biasing reverse circuit output voltage。
The pulse shaper specifically includes that as shown in figure 3, being connected with biasing reverse circuitDifferential circuit, electricity
Comparator, monostable flipflop are pressed, three is sequentially connected.It is describedDifferential circuit will bias reverse circuit voltage signalTurn
It is melted into periodical sharp pulse signal, in differential circuit the specific value of capacitor and resistance by vibration frequency andTime is normal
NumberIt determines.Time constantAnd the vibration periodFollowing relationship should be met:, in this way in biasing reverse circuit letter
Number rising and falling edges, the output voltage of differential circuitIt just will appear higher pulse spike, to be conducive to rear class electricity
Press comparator processing；The voltage comparator, withDifferential circuit is connected, by comparing sharp pulseWith DC reference electricity
Pressure, can be by sharp pulseConvert squaring, the pulsewidth of the rectangular pulse changes with vibration frequency, in order to
Obtain preferable conversion effect, DC reference voltageIt should be less than 50mV；The monostable flipflop, is connected with voltage comparator,
It, can be by the rectangular pulse of pulse width variations positioned at the end of pulse shaperIt is converted to the fixed rectangular pulse of pulsewidth, benefit
With the available pulsewidth of the monostable flipflop and the changeless periodic rectangular pulse of high level.In conclusion passing through arteries and veins
The output voltage of reverse circuit can will be biased by rushing reshaperBe converted to the rectangular pulse of pulsewidth and high level fixation。
The low-pass filter, as shown in figure 4, being located at the end of signal modulation circuit, by single orderFilter and second order
Sallen-Key low-pass filter composition.The rectangular pulse that low-pass filter can be used for filtering out pulsewidth and high level is fixedIn
AC compounent to extract its DC component, and then obtain the specific value of vibration frequency。
It theoretically analyzes, the acquisition process of sinusoidal vibration frequency is as follows:
The specific mathematic(al) representation of periodic rectangular pulse that pulsewidth and high level are fixed are as follows:
In,Indicate pulse width,Indicate the period,For output voltage high level.FunctionFourier space form
It may be expressed as:
The DC component and pulse width for the periodic rectangular pulse that pulsewidth and high level are fixed as can be seen from the above equation, week
Phase, output voltage high levelIt is related.In vibration processes, if can guaranteeWithIt is constant, then DC component only with
PeriodRelated, such vibration frequency can be determined by DC component.
The concrete form of three rank Sallen-Key low pass filter functions are as follows:
Wherein,For the cutoff frequency of single order RC filter,For the cutoff frequency of second order Sallen-Key filter,For
Attenuation coefficient.Value is 0.707, to obtain maximum passband frequency response；WithValue can be for vibration frequency, to obtain preferable filter effect.
As described above, low-pass filter can extract DC component, pass through DC componentCalculate vibration frequency
RateMethod it is as follows:
The energy collection circuit is made of biasing reverse circuit, bridge rectifier and electric power management circuit, as shown in Figure 5.
Biasing reverse circuit reduces energy damage during piezoelectric energy collecting device capacitor charge and discharge in piezoelectric energy collection process
It loses, overturns piezoelectric ceramics output voltage polarity, so that output voltage and current in phase position, improve its power factor, to improve
The energy acquisition power of piezoelectric energy collector.Bridge rectifier is constituted by a diode, and effect is to collect piezoelectric energy
The ac voltage rectifier of device becomes DC voltage, to facilitate late-class circuit to power.Electric power management circuit is by the direct current after rectification
Boost in voltage is supply voltage needed for frequency detection circuit.
The energy collection circuit continually converts direct current energy for mechanical vibrational energy in vibration source vibration processes,
The direct current energy of collection provides the energy for frequency detection circuit, to realize the self-powered of vibration frequency sensor.
A kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensor based on biasing reverse circuit, can directly measure sinusoidal vibration frequency,
Self-powered may be implemented within the scope of certain frequency simultaneously, powered by the electric energy that vibration mechanical energy is transformed, do not need outside
Power supply provides electricity.And the system is relatively simple, cost is relatively low, has more accurately in wider frequency range
Measurement result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the self-powered vibration frequency sensing system structural schematic diagrams of biasing reverse circuit；
Fig. 2 is biasing reverse circuit schematic illustration of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is pulse shaper schematic illustration of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is principle of lowpass filter schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is energy collection circuit schematic illustration of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is experimental provision structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The experimental provision of the specific embodiment is as shown in Figure 6, comprising: digital oscilloscope, function signal generator, frequency
Detection circuit, energy collection circuit, power amplifier, piezoelectric energy collector, shake table.Wherein piezoelectric energy collector passes through
Clamp is fixed on a vibration table.
The minimum value of vibration frequency is 200Hz, cutoff frequency in the specific embodimentWithValue be 10Hz.
The piezoelectric energy collector is fixed on a vibration table by clamp.
The function signal generator is for generating sinusoidal signal, wherein being input to frequency detecting as switching pulse all the way
And energy collection circuit, in addition a-road-through overpower amplifier acts on shake table, provides for piezoelectric energy collector stable
Sinusoidal vibration.
The digital oscilloscope is for measuring and the output voltage of display frequency detection circuit, in view of vibration frequencyWith output voltageProportional relationship, so vibration frequency can be directly obtained according to output voltage.
Specific embodiment is as follows:
The sinusoidal signal that function signal generator generates standard acts on shake table after power amplifier amplifies；Shake table meeting
Carry out the sinusoidal vibration of rule；The piezoelectric energy collector being fixed on shake table is influenced by sinusoidal vibration, is imitated based on piezoelectricity
It answers, the bilevel piezoelectric material of piezoelectric cantilever generates stretching or compressive deformation because of vibration, forms sinusoid output current.This
Output electric current passes through biasing reverse circuit first, when electric current is changed by zero point or symbol, biases the defeated of reverse circuit
Voltage can change out, to realize the tracking to vibration frequency.Bias the output voltage of reverse circuit through pulse shaper and
Low-pass filter carries out pulsewidth and fixes and be filtered, obtains the DC component for being able to reflect vibration frequency size, and in number
It is shown on oscillograph.In addition, the output AC voltage of biasing reverse circuit becomes DC voltage by bridge rectifier, then pass through
DC voltage conversion after rectification is supply voltage needed for frequency detection circuit by electric power management circuit, provides electricity for system
Power.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit, it is characterised in that: include: piezoelectric energy
Collector, frequency detection circuit and energy collection circuit.
2. a kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit according to claim 1, feature
Be: the frequency detection circuit is made of biasing reverse circuit, pulse shaper and low-pass filter, can be used for handling piezoelectricity
The sine output voltage of energy collecting device, and export a voltage signal relevant to vibration frequency size.
3. a kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit according to claim 1, feature
Be: energy collection circuit is made of biasing reverse circuit, bridge rectifier and electric power management circuit；Mechanical vibrational energy is turned
Direct current energy is turned to, the direct current energy of collection provides the energy for frequency detection circuit, to realize oneself of vibration frequency sensor
Power supply.
4. a kind of self-powered vibration frequency sensing system based on biasing reverse circuit according to claim 3, feature
Be: biasing reverse circuit is by an inductanceIt is formed with MOS switch, reduces piezoelectric energy in piezoelectric energy collection process and receive
Collect the energy loss during device capacitor charge and discharge, piezoelectric ceramics output voltage polarity is overturn, so that output voltage and electric current
Same-phase improves its power factor, to improve the energy acquisition power of piezoelectric energy collector；Bridge rectifier is by two poles
Pipe composition, effect is that the ac voltage rectifier of piezoelectric energy collecting device is become DC voltage, to facilitate late-class circuit to supply
Electricity；Dc voltage boost after rectification is supply voltage needed for frequency detection circuit by electric power management circuit.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109768736A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-17 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of pipeline liquid flow passive detection device and method |
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| CN101582599A (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2009-11-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Piezoelectric energy recovery device for recovering vibrational energy |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |