CN206940432U - The device of yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid is produced simultaneously - Google Patents

Abstract

It the utility model is related to device that is a kind of while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid.Described device includes kiln body basis, kiln body, kiln car, track, bringing-up section combustion chamber, burner, exhaust outlet and charging (feeding) equipment, wherein kiln installation is on the basis of kiln body, kiln car is moved back and forth by track through kiln body, both sides that charging (feeding) equipment is arranged on outside kiln body and separated with kiln body, kiln car moves between the first operating position and the second operating position, the length of kiln car is more than the length of kiln body so as to be protruded from the either side of kiln body, and kiln car is fed with will pass through the charging (feeding) equipment of either side.For the utility model in addition to part of fuel is consumed in startup stage, the heat of oxidation of whole working stage full utilization reacting gas maintains work, it is no longer necessary to additional electric energy and fuel, greatlys save energy resource consumption, reduces the production cost of yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid.

Description

The device of yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid is produced simultaneously

Technical field

It the utility model is related to device that is a kind of while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid.

Background technology

Current industrialized phosphorus production technology only has a kind of method of electric furnace process, and it is by rock phosphate in powder, silica and the Jiao of bulk Charcoal is sent into electric furnace by a certain percentage, is passed through direct current, using the arc heat of graphite electrode end and the resistance heat of mixed material, Material is heated, melted, reduction reaction occurs, generates yellow phosphorus steam, and then obtain yellow phosphorus product.This method will consume largely Electric energy, average yellow phosphorus product per ton needs to consume electric energy 13800-15000 degree.

The production method of phosphoric acid is divided into two kinds of Re Fa and wet method, and hot method is by yellow phosphorus and oxygen combustion, obtains five oxidations two Phosphorus gas, then absorbed with phosphoric acid,diluted, so as to obtain the phosphoric acid product of high-quality；Wet method is that reduction occurs instead with sulfuric acid and rock phosphate in powder Should, phosphoric acid product is obtained, meanwhile, a large amount of ardealites of by-product.With yellow phosphorus it is raw material due to being although thermal phosphoric acid quality is high, Cost is high, and a large amount of heat energy can not be fully used caused by yellow phosphorus burning, high energy consumption.The shortcomings that phosphoric acid by wet process is phosphoric acid Quality is low, it is difficult to high-quality phosphoric acid product is produced, meanwhile, a large amount of ardealites of by-product can not utilize in production process, Zhi Nengdui Accumulation is put, and while taking a large amount of soils, surrounding environment is polluted, and has been a global problem.

Above-mentioned yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid production method is, it is necessary to be raw material using high-quality phosphorus ore, P₂O₅Content is greater than 25%, A large amount of Mid-and low-grade phosphate rock resources are caused to utilize very well.

In order to solve the Utilizing question of Mid-and low-grade phosphate rock resources, reduce energy consumption, it is external from the thirties in last century, it is domestic from The eighties in last century, the research work of kiln-process phosphoric acid technology is carried out in succession.So-called kiln-process phosphoric acid technology is aiming at upper State the research of problem development, mainly using heat caused by the yellow phosphorus and carbon monoxide and oxygen combustion of reduction reaction generation come Meet the heat energy required for reduction reaction, so, obtain P₂O₅Gas and then while obtain phosphoric acid, saves thermal phosphoric acid The a large amount of electric energy needed in production, meanwhile, produced without ardealite, the problem of avoiding phosphoric acid by wet process by-product ardealite.Kiln method Phosphoric acid can utilize low-grade phosphate ore stone, solve the Utilizing question of Mid-and low-grade phosphate rock resources.

Kiln-process phosphoric acid technical research so far, mainly there is three kinds of kiln process, tunnel furnace method and blast furnace process, have lab scale, Pilot-plant, do not industrialize.Several method can only produce phosphoric acid, it is impossible to produce yellow phosphorus product.

Kiln process is that pellet parcel is placed in rotary kiln, and pellet region is reduced zone, receives oxide regions biography The heat passed, reduction reaction occurs, generate P₂With CO gases, used for oxide regions；The upper space of pellet is zoneofoxidation, from Oxygen is added outside rotary kiln, the P with reducing zone generation₂Oxidation reaction occurs with CO, substantial amounts of heat is produced, for reduced zone Use.So, in a kiln body, i.e., there occurs oxidation reaction, and there occurs reduction reaction, reaction once startup, you can with Oneself maintenance reaction balances, and the product of generation is P₂O₅Gas, phosphoric acid is can obtain after absorption.The problem of kiln process is in kiln Material easy ring formation in kiln body rotary course, course of reaction is caused not carry out.

Tunnel furnace method material is made in advance the adobe of certain structural shape, the same similar to ceramic post sintering, by adobe code It is put on kiln car.The kiln car for being loaded with material brick enters tunnel cave, and successively by preheating section, high temperature section, cooling section, the material brick of kiln discharge is It is reacted complete, building materials can be used as to utilize.Similar with kiln process, tunnel furnace method is passed through oxygen in high temperature section and part is fired Material, makes full use of reaction product P₂With the CO heat of oxidation, maintain material brick to be in the condition of high temperature and concurrently give birth to reduction reaction.Tunnel furnace method The problem of be in whole course of reaction, material brick is difficult to maintain intrinsic form；To expecting that the preheating of brick, heating are difficult to accomplish uniform one Cause；Sealing between kiln body and kiln car is difficult to solve, and regional is difficult isolation, influences the thermal efficiency.

Phosphorus ore stone, silica block and coke or raw coal particle are pressed to be similar to and smelt iron ore by blast furnace process with reference to blast furnace way Lapicide's skill is the same, is continuously added to blast furnace, and oxygen is passed through in the air port of blast furnace crucibe part, with coke or raw coal, P₂, CO burning, Give off heat and supply reduction reaction needs, high-temperature gas caused by oxidation reaction passes through the bed of material, after being preheated to the bed of material, from blast furnace Discharge on top.The problem of blast furnace process is that coke or former the consumption of coal are big, and economy is undesirable；Due to the burning of CO and oxygen It is not easy tissue, detonation easily occurs in stove.

The above-mentioned statement to background technology it is merely for convenience to technical solutions of the utility model (technological means that uses, The technical problem of solution and caused technique effect etc.) deep understanding, and be not construed as recognizing or with any Form implies information structure prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Utility model content

It is of the present utility model to relate in one aspect to device that is a kind of while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that the dress Put including kiln body basis, kiln body, kiln car, track, bringing-up section combustion chamber, burner, exhaust outlet and charging (feeding) equipment, wherein kiln installation On the basis of kiln body, kiln car is moved back and forth by track through kiln body, and charging (feeding) equipment is arranged on the both sides outside kiln body and and kiln Body separates, and kiln car moves between the first operating position and the second operating position, the length of kiln car be more than the length of kiln body so as to Protruding from the either side of kiln body, kiln car being fed with will pass through the charging (feeding) equipment of either side.

In a preferred embodiment, burner is arranged on the top of bringing-up section combustion chamber, and the end set of burner has water Cool equipment, and burner includes starting burner, P₂Burner and CO burners.

In a preferred embodiment, exhaust outlet is arranged on the both sides of bringing-up section combustion chamber and connected respectively with air-introduced machine Connect, the downstream of air-introduced machine sets gas separation equipment.

In a preferred embodiment, gas separation equipment respectively with P₂Burner, CO burners, CO₂Reclaimer, yellow phosphorus Absorption equipment connects with phosphoric acid absorption equipment.

In a preferred embodiment, described device is also included respectively with starting burner, P₂Burner connects with CO burners O₂Supply equipment.

In a preferred embodiment, kiln car is after the feed 10-20mm with the gap of kiln body top and both sides.

Another aspect of the present utility model is related to a kind of using said apparatus while the method that produces yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, and it is special Sign is that methods described comprises the following steps：

I) rock phosphate in powder, silica and coke or raw coal are milled into powder, form pellet with adhesive bond and dried；

Ii the pellet of drying) is loaded by kiln car by charging (feeding) equipment in the side of kiln body；

Iii the kiln car equipped with pellet) is made to be moved by track from the first operating position through kiln body towards the second operating position It is dynamic, 1200-1400 DEG C, preferably 1350 DEG C are heated to flame using burner is started in bringing-up section combustion chamber, bringing-up section is burnt Reduction reaction generation P occurs for the pellet in chamber region₂Steam and CO gases；

Iv) during kiln car moves, the P for making generation is drawn by exhaust outlet negative pressure₂Steam and the flowing of CO gases are logical The pellet for the unreacted bed crossed in kiln car, discharged after being preheated to the pellet of unreacted bed from exhaust outlet；

V) P is separated by gas separation equipment₂Steam and CO gases, by a part of P₂Steam and whole CO gases are sent respectively Return P₂Burner and CO burners, and from O₂The O of supply equipment₂Generation oxidation reaction functions simultaneously as heating fuel, forms P₂O₅Gas And CO₂Gas；

Vi P) is separated by gas separation equipment₂O₅Gas and CO₂Gas；

Vii) when kiln car reaches the second operating position, the complete pellet of reaction is drawn off, is fed again by charging (feeding) equipment Afterwards move backward kiln car and continue above-mentioned steps.

In a preferred embodiment, the translational speed of kiln car is controlled to cause the pellet in kiln car in bringing-up section combustion chamber Middle stop 25-35 minutes.

In a preferred embodiment, by another part P of separation in step v)₂Steam is sent to yellow phosphorus absorption equipment, By step vi) in separation P₂O₅Gas is sent to phosphoric acid absorption equipment, by step vi) in separation CO₂Gas is sent to CO₂Recovery Equipment.

In a preferred embodiment, control exhaust outlet causes high-temperature reacting gas to flow through the unreacted in kiln car The pellet of bed and it is cooled to less than 500 DEG C discharges.

The utility model uses for reference the widely used tunnel cave principle in ceramic industry, and bringing-up section combustion is designed in the middle part of kiln body Room is burnt, the top layout in combustion chamber is used for the oil burner or the P of natural gas combustion nozzle and working stage started₂Burner and CO burn Mouth.The inside of combustion chamber is built by laying bricks or stones with resistant to elevated temperatures brick fuel, and burner end is water-cooled, and prevents high temperature ablation.In kiln body bringing-up section The both sides of combustion chamber, symmetric design gas discharge outlet, two gas discharge outlets and the distance of bringing-up section combustion chamber are designed to Enough temperature that high-temperature reacting gas is reduced to less than 500 DEG C.

Kiln car is made up of chassis and brick fuel and heat-insulated brick masonry tank car compartment.Chassis is by high temperature-resistant acid-resistant gas corrosion The weldering of metal group forms, and can be moved back and forth on the track of high temperature-resistant acid-resistant gas corrosion.The tank car car of brick fuel and heat-insulated brick masonry Railway carriage or compartment guarantees to bear the high temperature of bringing-up section combustion chamber, meanwhile, it is capable to ensure chassis temperature in allowed limits.Reaction needs The pellet wanted passes through charging (feeding) equipment outside kiln body, is loaded in compartment.It is loaded between the kiln car of pellet and kiln body top and both sides Gap is controlled within 20mm, while ensureing that kiln car freely moves back and forth, to reduce the flowing of inside and outside gas as far as possible.

Two gas discharge outlets are connected with two air-introduced machines, are drawn by negative pressure so that high caused by bringing-up section combustion chamber Warm reacting gas is discharged after the pellet in tank car compartment, i.e., pellet is preheated, reduce temperature again.Due to being that negative pressure is taken out Draw, ensure that reacting gas will not leak to outside kiln body.

Complete pellet is reacted, kiln body is removed with kiln car, is drawn off outside kiln gas by delivery device, meanwhile, lead to again Cross charging (feeding) equipment and fill it up with pellet, in case next working cycles.

The reactive gas species of air-introduced machine discharge are mainly P₂、CO、CO₂、P₂O₅, by gas separation equipment, by four kinds of gas Body separates, wherein, whole CO and part P₂Gas imports burner corresponding to bringing-up section combustion chamber, for providing instead as fuel In requisition for the heat of oxidation, whole P₂O₅Gas is sent into phosphoric acid absorption equipment, obtains phosphoric acid product, whole CO₂Gas is sent into CO₂ Reclaimer processing, remaining P₂Gas is sent into yellow phosphorus absorption equipment, obtains yellow phosphorus product.

The utility model can obtain yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid product simultaneously.

The utility model in startup stage in addition to part of fuel is consumed, the oxygen of whole working stage full utilization reacting gas Change heat and maintain work, it is no longer necessary to additional electric energy and fuel, greatly save energy resource consumption, reduce the production of yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid Cost.

All reuse after treatment, the collections of gas caused by the utility model, are discharged without waste gas；React the material completed Ball main component is calcium silicates, can be used as construction material, and environment is not polluted；The water that device needs mainly circulates Cooling water, dosage is few, can accomplish zero-emission.

The utility model avoids the shortcomings that kiln process ring formation and blast furnace process high energy consumption, easy detonation.The utility model is adopted With tank car load pellet, brick fuel add insulating brick high temperature resistant and heat-insulated, independent heating section combustion chamber, kiln body kiln car narrow gap coordinate, Chassis and the design of track corrosion-and high-temp-resistant and negative pressure such as are drawn at the measure, the shortcomings that overcoming conventional tunnel furnace method.

The utility model can also obtain yellow phosphorus product, whole production process energy-conservation, ring while phosphoric acid product is obtained Protect.The successful implementation of the utility model, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide a kind of brand-new yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid production method, economic benefit and society imitate It is beneficial good.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram according to the device that yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid are produced while the utility model, wherein show simultaneously The the first operating position a and the second operating position b of kiln car are shown.

Fig. 2 shows sectional view of Fig. 1 device along line A-A.

Fig. 3 shows sectional view of Fig. 1 device along line B-B.

Fig. 4 shows the block flow diagram according to the method that yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid are produced while the utility model.

Reference numerals list：

1 kiln body

2 kiln cars

3 tracks

4 bringing-up section combustion chambers

5 burners

6 exhaust outlets

7 charging (feeding) equipments

The operating positions of a first

The operating positions of b second.

Embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

It is to be appreciated that appended accompanying drawing is drawn with being not drawn to, and merely to illustrating general principle of the present utility model Various features appropriate simplification the technique of painting.Specific design feature of the present utility model disclosed herein includes for example specific chi Very little, direction, position and profile will be determined partly by the specific environment to be applied and used.

In appended multiple accompanying drawings, same or equivalent part is indexed with identical reference.

Yellow phosphorus is produced while hereinafter with reference to Fig. 1-4 pairs of the utility model and the apparatus and method of phosphoric acid are retouched in detail State.

Rock phosphate in powder, silica and coke or raw coal are milled into the powder of 200 mesh or so first, mixed by reaction ratio equal It is even, and the binding agents such as phosphoric acid,diluted are added, a diameter of 25mm or so pellet is made and is dried for standby.

According to the bearing requirements of kiln body 1, kiln body basis, laying track 3 are poured.Build kiln body 1 by laying bricks or stones on kiln body basis, The middle part of kiln body 1 sets bringing-up section combustion chamber 4, and burner 5 is installed at the top of bringing-up section combustion chamber 4, and the burner 5 includes starting Burner, P₂Burner and CO burners, exhaust outlet 7 is set respectively in the kiln body 1 of the both sides of bringing-up section combustion chamber 4, and makes exhaust outlet 7 It is connected with air-introduced machine.

The chassis of kiln car 2 be able to will freely move back and forth on the track 3, and ensure that kiln car 2 and the sidewall spacers of kiln body 1 are small In 20mm.Build kiln car tank car compartment by laying bricks or stones as requested on the chassis of kiln car 2, the kiln car 2 for building completion by laying bricks or stones will can be in kiln body 1 Freely move back and forth, and ensure that the top of kiln car 2 and the gap of both sides and kiln body 1 are less than 20mm.

Pellet is loaded in the compartment of kiln car 2 by charging (feeding) equipment 7, and kiln car 2 is placed in the first operating position a.Point Startup burner in combustion bringing-up section combustion chamber 4 reacts the pellet in bringing-up section combustion chamber 4, while starts air-introduced machine, makes burning Caused high-temperature gas is discharged by pellet and kiln body 1 and the gap of kiln car 2.

Detection discharge gas componant, when there is P₂During with CO gas componants, gas separation equipment separation is introduced gas into, and A part of P that will be isolated₂The P of bringing-up section combustion chamber 4 is imported with whole CO gases₂Burner and CO burners and logical oxygen point combustion.

After 25 minutes, start slowly mobile kiln car 2, control the translational speed of kiln car 2 so as to ensure that pellet is adding Stopped more than 25 minutes in hot arc combustion chamber 4.After kiln car 2 moves out second operating position b of the arrival of kiln body 1, set by discharging The standby pellet for drawing off reaction and completing, and pellet is filled it up with by charging (feeding) equipment 7 again.Draw off reaction complete pellet it is main into It is divided into calcium silicates, is collected and is sent outside for construction material.The waste heat of the pellet of reaction completion can also be utilized to initial Manufactured pellet is dried.

Again after charging is completed, kiln car 2 is started counter motion, start next working cycles.When kiln car 2 is in kiln body When being moved in 1, use the exhaust outlet 6 positioned at the rear of bringing-up section combustion chamber 4 on the moving direction of kiln car 2 to carry out negative pressure all the time and be drawn So as to be preheated to unreacted pellet.

The temperature of monitoring bringing-up section combustion chamber 4 in real time, when temperature is higher than 1350 DEG C, progressively lower the load for starting burner Until being stopped.Continue monitoring temperature, when temperature is still higher than 1350 DEG C, lower P₂The load of burner, until temperature is put down Weighing apparatus is at 1350 DEG C.

Remaining P after attenuating load₂Gas, yellow phosphorus absorption equipment is imported, obtains yellow phosphorus product.

The P separated₂O₅Gas, phosphoric acid absorption equipment is imported, obtains phosphoric acid product.The CO separated₂Gas, lead Enter CO₂Reclaimer processing.

The description that foregoing exemplary embodiment is presented only to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, is not intended to As exhaustively, being also not intended to the utility model is limited to described precise forms in the least.Obviously, the common skill of this area It is all possible that art personnel make many changes and change according to above-mentioned teaching.Selection illustrative embodiments are simultaneously described and are In order to explain certain principles and its practical application of the present utility model, so that others skilled in the art are easy to manage Solve, realize and utilize various illustrative embodiments of the present utility model and its various selection forms and modification.This practicality New protection domain is intended to be limited by appended claims and its equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. device that is a kind of while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that described device include kiln body basis, kiln body, kiln car, Track, bringing-up section combustion chamber, burner, exhaust outlet and charging (feeding) equipment, for wherein kiln installation on the basis of kiln body, kiln car passes through track Move back and forth, both sides that charging (feeding) equipment is arranged on outside kiln body and separated with kiln body through kiln body, kiln car is in the first operating position And second move between operating position, the length of kiln car is more than the length of kiln body so as to be protruded from the either side of kiln body, to lead to The charging (feeding) equipment for crossing either side feeds to kiln car.

2. device that is according to claim 1 while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that burner is arranged on bringing-up section The top of combustion chamber, the end set of burner has water cooling equipment, and burner includes starting burner, P₂Burner and CO burners.

3. device that is according to claim 2 while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that exhaust outlet is arranged on heating The both sides of section combustion chamber and be connected respectively with air-introduced machine, the downstream of air-introduced machine setting gas separation equipment.

4. device that is according to claim 3 while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that gas separation equipment is distinguished With P₂Burner, CO burners, CO₂Reclaimer, yellow phosphorus absorption equipment connect with phosphoric acid absorption equipment.

5. device that is according to claim 2 while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that described device also includes dividing Not with starting burner, P₂The O that burner connects with CO burners₂Supply equipment.

6. device that is according to claim 1 while producing yellow phosphorus and phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that kiln car after the feed with The gap of kiln body top and both sides is 10-20mm.