CN206920338U - A kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, adds one section of 4F optical system at OCT scan imaging end, this section of optical system is conveniently used in scope cavity so that sample arm fiber optic aperture is less than the minimum beam diameter of imaging surface（That is object lens minimum resolution）So that system has the effect of co-focusing imaging；So, can is obviously improved OCT resolution ratio while imaging depth is significantly reduced, also reach imaging effect similar in focusing together in the case of dye-free, use, calling GPU/FPGA algorithms with reference to the micro- galvanometers of MEMS, it is integrated shared with existing endoscopic system, make quick, dye-free, high sensitivity and specific medical diagnostic tool.

Description

A kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system

Technical field

It the utility model is related to a kind of microendoscopic system, more particularly to a kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy scope system System.

Background technology

In area of medical diagnostics, because diseased region is frequently experienced in tissue superficial, medical worker will not only observe biology The micro-imaging of tissue surface, it is more desirable to see the structure and form of organization internal, therefrom finds minimal disease.For existing Chromatography imaging technique for, such as ultrasonic imaging, while with deeper imaging depth, resolution ratio is relatively low, and is unsatisfactory for It was found that the demand of minute lesion.

Optical coherence tomography（Optical coherence tomography, OCT）As a kind of high-resolution The imaging means of rate, its principle are based on low coherence interference technology, with reference to the advantages of heterodyne detection and conjugate imaging, gather from sample The reflected light signal collected is held, calculates the three-dimensional tomographic image for recovering sample, reflects internal structure, the scattering of biological tissue The important informations such as coefficient, imaging depth 3-6mm cover superficial foci tissue, and longitudinal frame reaches 1-10um, has non-contact nothing The advantages that mark.OCT technology is applied to ophthalmology imaging and has become one of goldstandard of ophthalmic diagnosis, in the last few years OCT technology The report that tissue mucosa applied to early cervical carcinoma, cutaneum carcinoma, cardiovascular pathological changes detects also emerges in an endless stream, and has larger application Prospect and development potentiality, the combination of a variety of imaging patterns turn into study hotspot to provide more accurate diagnosis basis.

But under normal circumstances, OCT system magnifications are limited to scanning lens, and lateral resolution is not high, longitudinal frame Successively decrease also with depth, it is difficult to be balanced between imaging depth and resolution ratio.And Confocal laser endomicroscopy（laser Scanning confocal microscopy, LSCM）The deficiency of above mentioned problem can be then made up, in the micro- of high-NA Under object lens, by illuminating pin hole with detecting pinhole to illuminated point or the conjugate relation of detected point, the horizontal stroke for being up to 0.1um is realized To resolution ratio, but the depth as shallow of confocal scanning imaging is using fluorescer to sample, it is necessary to dyed, detect fluorescence and into Picture, its application is caused to be limited.Therefore, both OCT technology and Confocal laser endomicroscopy respectively have advantage and disadvantage.

The A of patent CN 102818768 propose a kind of Multifunctional biomedical microscope, and OCT is focused on into two systems together Structure is stitched together, but while it is substantially still two systems, independent imaging, and not up to simplify system construction and behaviour Make, the effect of lifting system performance.

Therefore, temporarily unmanned new imaging technique and the scope implementation method for proposing to combine two kinds of technological merits, existing skill Art has yet to be improved and developed.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, it is intended to solves prior art It can not realize that the height of dye-free laterally differentiates OCT image by set of system, and OCT and the burnt two systems structure of copolymerization is direct It is stitched together to be unable to reach simplified system construction and operation, the problem of the lifting system impact of performance.

The technical solution of the utility model is as follows：A kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, including：

Based on the host module of OCT structures, the host module includes guiding light source, wavelength division multiplexer, sweep light Source, optical fiber circulator, fiber coupler and reference arm；

Sample interference signal is obtained based on common focusing structure, by scanning sample, and there is co-focusing imaging effect Probe image-forming module；

Interference signal is gathered for detecting, and the interference signal to collecting carries out processing computing, obtains the synthesis of image Control process module；

The optical fiber circulator includes tri- ports of a, b and c for setting clockwise, guiding light source and wavelength division multiplexer, sweeps A ports, wavelength division multiplexer and the fiber coupler of frequency light source and optical fiber circulator, the b ports of optical fiber circulator and fiber coupling Device, fiber coupler and reference arm, fiber coupler and probe image-forming module, wavelength division multiplexer and Comprehensive Control processing module, Connected respectively by single-mode fiber between the c ports of optical fiber circulator and Comprehensive Control processing module；Swept light source is controlled with comprehensive Processing module connection processed, swept light source control Comprehensive Control processing module collection interference signal；Comprehensive Control processing module is distinguished It is connected with reference arm, probe image-forming module, control reference arm and the scope of pop one's head in image-forming module adjustment scanning and imaging：Guide light Source sends a branch of light beam of light source, by Single-Mode Fiber Coupling, the conduction of wavelength division multiplexer, reaches fiber coupler；Swept light source A branch of light beam of light source is sent, successively by a ports and b ports of optical fiber circulator, is transmitted to fiber coupler；Two-beam source light Beam is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam after fiber coupler, and the first light beam forms reference signal after reference arm is handled Simultaneously backtracking handles to fiber coupler, the second light beam and sample is imaged, obtain light beam by probe image-forming module Sample signal light beam with confocal scanning imaging effect, sample signal light beam backtracking to fiber coupler, with reference to letter Number light beam and sample signal light beam return to wavelength division multiplexer, optical fiber circulator respectively after being interfered in fiber coupler B ports and c ports, last interference signal are integrated into control process module and detect and gather, and Comprehensive Control processing module is to interference Signal carries out processing computing, quickly generates the lateral cross section image of 3-D view and certain depth with certain depth.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, the splitting ratio of the fiber coupler is 10：90.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, the representative center wavelength of the swept light source is 840nm Or 1310nm or 1550nm, bandwidth>50nm.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, the reference arm includes optical fiber polarization controller, first Collimation lens, condenser lens and optical delay line, the optical delay line is connected with Comprehensive Control processing module, by Comprehensive Control Processing module controls；First light beam passes through the modulation of optical fiber polarization controller, makes the polarization state of its polarization state and the second light beam Match somebody with somebody, then pass through the first collimation lens, condenser lens and optical delay line successively, optical delay line adjusts the light of the first light beam in real time Journey, it is matched with the light path of the second light beam, eventually form reference signal light beam and backtracking to fiber coupler.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, it is described probe image-forming module include the second collimation lens, Control the micro- galvanometers of MEMS, scanning lens, cemented doublet and the microcobjective of beam deflection angle degree, the scanning lens and double glue Close Lens Design and form optics 4F system architectures, light beam is modulated, the micro- galvanometers of MEMS and Comprehensive Control processing module Connection, is controlled by Comprehensive Control processing module；Second light beam by the second collimation lens be emitted, sequentially enter the micro- galvanometers of MEMS, Scanning lens and cemented doublet, finally sample is imaged by microcobjective, obtains being imaged with confocal scanning and imitate The sample signal light beam of fruit, sample signal light beam backtracking to fiber coupler.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, the focal length of the scanning lens and cemented doublet it Between need to meet relationship below：

Formula（1）

Wherein, f2 be scanning lens focal length, f3 be cemented doublet focal length, NA be microcobjective numerical aperture, d For the fine footpath of single-mode fiber.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, the probe image-forming module includes protection sleeve pipe, sky Chamber, piezoelectric ceramics, cemented doublet and microcobjective, the piezoelectric ceramics are driven by voltage and carry out two axle regulations, are driven single Mode fiber vibrates, and realizes that light beam scans；Second light beam passes through cavity, piezoelectric ceramics and cemented doublet successively, finally by aobvious Speck mirror is imaged to sample, obtains the sample signal light beam with confocal scanning imaging effect, and sample signal light beam is former Road returns to fiber coupler.

Described optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, wherein, the Comprehensive Control processing module includes being used to detect The balanced detector of interference signal, the capture card of the interference signal detected for gathering balanced detector and for capture card The interference signal collected carries out handling computing and obtains the processing module of image, the balanced detector respectively with wavelength-division multiplex Device, the c ports of light circulator are connected by single-mode fiber；The capture card is connected with swept light source, when swept light source exports Clock and trigger signal, the interference signal of the specific period of control capture card collection balanced detector output；The processing module point It is not connected with probe image-forming module, reference arm, processing module controls probe image-forming module and reference arm respectively, with reference to guiding light source Positioning, adjustment scanning and imaging scope.

The beneficial effects of the utility model：The utility model by providing a kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, One section of 4F optical system is added at OCT scan imaging end, this section of optical system is conveniently used in scope cavity so that sample ami light Fine aperture is less than the minimum beam diameter of imaging surface（That is object lens minimum resolution）So that system has the effect of co-focusing imaging Fruit；In this manner it is possible to OCT resolution ratio is obviously improved while imaging depth is significantly reduced, in the case of dye-free Also reach imaging effect similar in focusing on together, use with reference to the micro- galvanometers of MEMS, call GPU/FPGA algorithms, interior peeped with existing The mirror system integration shares, and makes quick, dye-free, high sensitivity and specific medical diagnostic tool.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system in the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of second of embodiment of probe image-forming module in the utility model.

Fig. 3 is the step flow chart of the implementation method of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system in the utility model.

Embodiment

To make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer, clear and definite, develop simultaneously implementation referring to the drawings The utility model is further described example.

As shown in figure 1, a kind of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, in OCT（Optical coherence Tomography, optical coherence tomography）One section of 4F optical system is added at scanning imagery end, and this section of optical system is conveniently used for In scope cavity, this section of optical system is referred to as OCM scopes（Endoscopic optical coherence microscopy）, specifically include：

Based on the host module 19 of OCT structures, the host module 19 include guiding light source 1, wavelength division multiplexer 3, Swept light source 2, optical fiber circulator 4, fiber coupler 5 and reference arm；

Sample interference signal is obtained based on common focusing structure, by scanning sample, and there is co-focusing imaging effect Probe image-forming module 9（It that is to say the sample arm in OCT image system）；

Interference signal is gathered for detecting, and the interference signal to collecting carries out processing computing, obtains the synthesis of image Control process module 20；

The optical fiber circulator 4 includes tri- ports of a, b and c for setting clockwise, guiding light source 1 and wavelength division multiplexer 3, The a ports of swept light source 2 and optical fiber circulator 4, wavelength division multiplexer 3 and fiber coupler 5, the b ports of optical fiber circulator 4 and light Fine coupler 5, fiber coupler 5 and reference arm, fiber coupler 5 and probe image-forming module 9, wavelength division multiplexer 3 are controlled with comprehensive Connected respectively by single-mode fiber between processing module 20 processed, the c ports of optical fiber circulator 4 and Comprehensive Control processing module 20； Swept light source 2 is connected with Comprehensive Control processing module 20, and swept light source 2 controls Comprehensive Control processing module 20 to gather interference letter Number；Comprehensive Control processing module 20 is connected with reference arm, probe image-forming module 9 respectively, control reference arm and probe image-forming module 9 Adjustment scanning and the scope of imaging：Guiding light source 1 sends beam of laser, by Single-Mode Fiber Coupling, the biography of wavelength division multiplexer 3 Lead, reach fiber coupler 5；Swept light source 2 sends a branch of light beam of light source, and this light beam of light source passes through a of optical fiber circulator 4 successively Port and b ports, fiber coupler 5 being transmitted to, light beam is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam after fiber coupler 5, the One light beam forms reference signal light beam after reference arm is handled and backtracking is to fiber coupler 5, and the second light beam is by visiting Head image-forming module 9 handles and sample is imaged, and obtains the sample signal light beam with confocal scanning imaging effect, sample Signal beams backtracking occurs to do to fiber coupler 5, reference signal light beam and sample signal light beam in fiber coupler 5 The b ports and c ports of wavelength division multiplexer 3, optical fiber circulator 4 are returned to after relating to respectively, last interference signal is integrated at control Reason module 20 is detected and gathered, and Comprehensive Control processing module 20 carries out processing computing to interference signal, is quickly generated with certain The 3-D view of depth and the lateral cross section image of certain depth.

In the technical program, the host module 19 is based on OCT structures, as long as the OCT structures in host module 19 Part meets the feature of traditional OCT interferometers structure, either time domain OCT, or spectrum OCT imaging system structure all The protection domain of the technical program should be included.

Specifically, the splitting ratio of the fiber coupler 5 is 10：90, its role is to guide light source to observation position It is accurately positioned, while transmits swept light source light beam, facilitates this optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system to enter identified region Row scanning imagery.

Specifically, the representative center wavelength of the swept light source 2 can be 840nm, 1310nm, 1550nm etc., bandwidth> 50nm, long-wave band can carry out the accurate scan of bigger depth to tissue mucosa sample.

Specifically, the reference arm includes optical fiber polarization controller 11, the first collimation lens 12, condenser lens 13 and optics Delay line 14, the first light beam pass through the modulation of optical fiber polarization controller 11 so that light polarization is optimized, and makes the first light beam Obtain polarization state to match with the polarization state of the second light beam, then pass through the first collimation lens 12, condenser lens 13 and optical delay successively Line 14, forms reference signal light beam and backtracking can adjust light path in real time to fiber coupler 5, optical delay line 14, real Existing first light beam is matched with the light path of the second light beam.

Specifically, the probe image-forming module 9 includes the second collimation lens 901, the micro- galvanometers 902 of MEMS, scanning lens 903rd, cemented doublet 904 and microcobjective 905, the second light beam are emitted by the second collimation lens 901 inside probe, are entered The micro- galvanometers 902 of MEMS, scanning lens 903 and cemented doublet 904, the second last light beam enter by microcobjective 905 to sample Row imaging, obtains the sample signal light beam with confocal scanning imaging effect, sample signal light beam backtracking to optical fiber coupling Clutch 5；Wherein, the micro- galvanometers 902 of MEMS can control the deflection angle of light beam, by controlling driving voltage waveform to realize that light beam is swept Retouch, its minute surface size and package dimension are small, are imaged beneficial to scope；Scanning lens 903 and cemented doublet 904 pass through structure One optics 4F system, is modulated to light beam, and in order that the effect for being copolymerized burnt pin hole is played in optical fiber fibre footpath, scanning lens Need to meet relationship below between 903 and the focal length of cemented doublet 904：

Formula（1）

Wherein, the focal length of scanning lens 903 is f2, and the focal length of cemented doublet 904 is f3, the numerical value of microcobjective 905 Aperture is NA, and the fine footpath of single-mode fiber is d.

The technical program does not limit probe image-forming module 9 and uses said structure, as long as probe image-forming module 9 can realize copolymerization The function of burnt scanning imagery effect, in the protection domain of the technical program, e.g., as shown in Fig. 2 the probe image-forming module 9 include protection sleeve pipe 906, cavity 907, piezoelectric ceramics 908, cemented doublet 909 and microcobjective 910, and the second light beam is successively By cavity 907, piezoelectric ceramics 908 and cemented doublet 909, finally sample is imaged by microcobjective 910, obtained Sample signal light beam with confocal scanning imaging effect, sample signal light beam backtracking to fiber coupler 5；Wherein, Piezoelectric ceramics 908 can be driven by voltage and carry out two axle regulations, drive single-mode fiber vibration, realize that light beam scans, optical fiber Two axle movement also instead of the effect of scanning lens 903 so that structure is more compact, while has reached confocal scanning imaging effect Fruit.

Specifically, the Comprehensive Control processing module 20 is including being used to detect the balanced detector 16 of interference signal, being used for The capture card 17 and the interference signal for being collected to capture card 17 for the interference signal that collection balanced detector 16 detects enter Row processing computing simultaneously obtains the processing module 18 of image, the balanced detector 16 respectively with wavelength division multiplexer 3, light circulator 4 c ports are connected by single-mode fiber；The capture card 17 is connected with swept light source 2, and swept light source 2 exports clock and triggering Signal, for controlling capture card 17 to gather the interference signal for the specific period that balanced detector 16 exports；The processing module 18 Galvanometer 902 micro- with MEMS, optical delay line 14 are connected respectively, and processing module 18 controls the micro- galvanometers 902 of MEMS and optics to prolong respectively Slow line 14, with reference to the positioning of guiding light source, for adjusting the scope of scanning and imaging.Wherein, due to common in probe image-forming module 9 Focusing structure and relevant door（Reference signal light beam and sample signal light beam interfere in fiber coupler 5）Effect, What system obtained is the point strength signal without dyeing, then the wavelength change by swept light source 2, be can be achieved to different depth Signal detection, after processing module 18 obtains the signal in a complete galvanometer cycle, use GPU（Graphics Processing Unit, graphics processor）Or PFGA（Field Programmable Gate Array, element programmable logic gate array） Hardware realizes FFT（Fast Fourier Transformation, fast Fourier transform）Computing, interpolation zero padding, spectral filtering And successive image optimization processing, can quickly generate a width has the 3-D view of certain depth, and passes through the specific depth of software intercepts Image of the view in transverse section of degree as OCM, voltage value also can be directly stored in GPU or FPGA, directly output calculates Lateral cross section result afterwards, improve arithmetic speed, the advantages of this image has been provided simultaneously with OCT and co-focusing imaging, while basis The feedback of imaging, processing module 18 can adjust optical delay line 14 in real time, adjust image space and quality, it is anti-to reach closed loop Feedback.

In the technical program, sample signal light beam and the reference signal light beam of aplanatism difference occur in fiber coupler 5 After interference, the b ports and c ports of wavelength division multiplexer 3, optical fiber circulator 4 are returned to, is finally detected by balanced detector 16 dry Signal is related to, swept light source 2 belongs to wide range low-coherence light source, due to the presence for the door that is concerned with, could only be sent out in extremely short scope Raw interference, therefore signal has very high longitudinal frame, due to the presence of 4F systems and common focusing structure, is reached by fiber optic aperture To burnt pin hole effect is copolymerized, most of defocus information is filtered, highlights focus information, signal equally has very high horizontal resolution Rate, the 3-D scanning of um magnitudes just can be so carried out to dye-free sample.

As shown in figure 3, a kind of implementation method of optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system as described above, is specifically included Following steps：

Step S100：The light beam of light source that sends of guiding light source 1, by the conduction of Single-Mode Fiber Coupling, wavelength division multiplexer 3, Reach fiber coupler 5；The light beam of light source that swept light source 2 is sent passes through a ports, the b ports of optical fiber circulator 4, conduction successively To fiber coupler 5；

Step S200：Two-beam source beam is divided into two-way in fiber coupler 5, respectively the first light beam and the second light beam；

Step S300：First light beam forms reference signal light beam and backtracking to fiber coupling after reference arm is handled Device 5；Second light beam handles by probe image-forming module 9 and sample is imaged, and obtains with confocal scanning imaging effect Sample signal light beam, sample signal light beam backtracking to fiber coupler 5；

Step S400：Reference signal light beam and sample signal light beam interfere in fiber coupler 5, interference light signal The b ports and c ports of wavelength division multiplexer 3, optical fiber circulator 4 are returned to respectively；

Step S500：Interference light signal in wavelength division multiplexer 3 and optical fiber circulator 4 is balanced detector 16 and detected, Swept light source 2 controls capture card 17 to gather the interference signal for the specific period that balanced detector 16 exports, and processing module 18 is to adopting The interference signal that truck 17 collects carries out processing computing, obtains the horizontal stroke of the 3-D view and certain depth with certain depth To cross-sectional image.

By optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system described above and its implementation, the technical program can realize sample The high-resolution of product, dye-free three-dimensional imaging, imaging results can laterally be analogous to common focusing effect, and longitudinal frame is higher than OCT, Sensitivity and specific medical diagnosis result can be improved for medical imaging, while can integrate and share with existing medical endoscope, It is convenient to carry out Accurate Diagnosis.

The technical program has advantages below relative to prior art：

（1）By using setting optics 4F systems based on the host module 19 of OCT structures and in image-forming module 9 of popping one's head in System so that the resolution effect of OCT and copolymerization Jiao can be reached simultaneously in set of system, progress that can be to dye-free sample is real When high-resolution three-dimensional imaging, there is provided horizontal OCM collection of illustrative plates can carry out high sensitivity and specific medical diagnosis；

（2）The probe image-forming module 9 of the technical program overcome existing probe it is complicated, light path is longer the shortcomings that, Compact structure is compact, while can be scanned positioning and imaging, is used beneficial in endoscope；

（3）The technical program is by system closed loop feedback, balanced detector 16 exports in processing system signal, according into As adjusting optical delay line 14 in real time, pass through GPU or FPGA computing, export the high-resolution horizontal OCM images of sample, there is provided The high quality collection of illustrative plates that can be compareed with pathological section.

The technical program adds one section of 4F optical system at OCT scan imaging end, and this section of optical system is conveniently used for scope In cavity so that sample arm fiber optic aperture is less than the minimum beam diameter of imaging surface（That is object lens minimum resolution）So that system Effect with co-focusing imaging；In this manner it is possible to OCT resolution is obviously improved while imaging depth is significantly reduced Rate, imaging effect similar in focusing together is also reached in the case of dye-free, use, calling GPU/ with reference to the micro- galvanometers of MEMS FPGA algorithms, it is integrated shared with existing endoscopic system, make quick, dye-free, high sensitivity and specific medical science Diagnostic tool.

It should be appreciated that application of the present utility model is not limited to above-mentioned citing, those of ordinary skill in the art are come Say, can according to the above description be improved or converted, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the appended power of the utility model The protection domain that profit requires.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of 1. optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system, it is characterised in that including：

   Based on the host module of OCT structures, the host module includes guiding light source, wavelength division multiplexer, swept light source, light Fine circulator, fiber coupler and reference arm；

   Sample interference signal, and the spy with co-focusing imaging effect are obtained based on common focusing structure, by scanning sample Head image-forming module；

   Interference signal is gathered for detecting, and the interference signal to collecting carries out processing computing, obtains the Comprehensive Control of image Processing module；

   The optical fiber circulator includes tri- ports of a, b and c set clockwise, guiding light source and wavelength division multiplexer, sweep light A ports, wavelength division multiplexer and the fiber coupler of source and optical fiber circulator, the b ports of optical fiber circulator and fiber coupler, light Fine coupler and reference arm, fiber coupler and probe image-forming module, wavelength division multiplexer and Comprehensive Control processing module, fiber optic loop Connected respectively by single-mode fiber between the c ports of shape device and Comprehensive Control processing module；Swept light source is handled with Comprehensive Control Module connects, swept light source control Comprehensive Control processing module collection interference signal；Comprehensive Control processing module respectively with reference Arm, probe image-forming module connection, control reference arm and the scope of pop one's head in image-forming module adjustment scanning and imaging：Guiding light source is sent A branch of light beam of light source, by Single-Mode Fiber Coupling, the conduction of wavelength division multiplexer, reach fiber coupler；Swept light source sends one Light source beam light beam, successively by a ports and b ports of optical fiber circulator, it is transmitted to fiber coupler；Two-beam source beam passes through It is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam after fiber coupler, the first light beam forms reference signal light beam simultaneously after reference arm is handled Backtracking handles by probe image-forming module to fiber coupler, the second light beam and sample is imaged, and obtains having altogether Focus on the sample signal light beam of scanning imagery effect, sample signal light beam backtracking to fiber coupler, reference signal light beam The b ports of wavelength division multiplexer, optical fiber circulator are returned to after being interfered with sample signal light beam in fiber coupler respectively With c ports, last interference signal is integrated into control process module and detects and gather, and Comprehensive Control processing module is entered to interference signal Row processing computing, quickly generate the lateral cross section image of 3-D view and certain depth with certain depth.
2. 2. optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reference arm includes light Fine Polarization Controller, the first collimation lens, condenser lens and optical delay line, the optical delay line and Comprehensive Control processing mould Block connects, and is controlled by Comprehensive Control processing module；First light beam passes through the modulation of optical fiber polarization controller, makes its polarization state and the The polarization state matching of two light beams, then pass through the first collimation lens, condenser lens and optical delay line successively, optical delay line is real-time The light path of the first light beam is adjusted, it is matched with the light path of the second light beam, reference signal light beam is eventually formed and former road is returned Return to fiber coupler.
3. 3. optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the probe image-forming module The micro- galvanometers of MEMS, scanning lens, cemented doublet and microcobjective including the second collimation lens, control beam deflection angle degree, Scanning lens and cemented doublet structure the optics 4F system architectures, are modulated to light beam, the micro- galvanometers of MEMS It is connected with Comprehensive Control processing module, is controlled by Comprehensive Control processing module；Second light beam is emitted by the second collimation lens, according to It is secondary to enter MEMS micro- galvanometer, scanning lens and cemented doublet, finally sample is imaged by microcobjective, had The sample signal light beam of confocal scanning imaging effect, sample signal light beam backtracking to fiber coupler.
4. 4. optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the scanning lens and double Need to meet relationship below between the focal length of balsaming lens：

   Formula（1）

   Wherein, f2 is the focal length of scanning lens, and f3 is the focal length of cemented doublet, and NA is the numerical aperture of microcobjective, and d is single The fine footpath of mode fiber.
5. 5. optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the probe image-forming module Including protection sleeve pipe, cavity, piezoelectric ceramics, cemented doublet and microcobjective, the piezoelectric ceramics is driven by voltage and carried out Two axles are adjusted, and drive single-mode fiber vibration, realize that light beam scans；Second light beam passes through cavity, piezoelectric ceramics and double gluings successively Lens, finally sample is imaged by microcobjective, obtains the sample signal light beam with confocal scanning imaging effect, Sample signal light beam backtracking is to fiber coupler.
6. 6. optical coherence confocal microscopy endoscope system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Comprehensive Control processing Module includes being used to detect the collection of the balanced detector, the interference signal detected for gathering balanced detector of interference signal Card and the interference signal for being collected to capture card carry out handling computing and obtain the processing module of image, the balance detection C port of the device respectively with wavelength division multiplexer, light circulator is connected by single-mode fiber；The capture card connects with swept light source Connect, swept light source output clock and trigger signal, the interference letter of the specific period of control capture card collection balanced detector output Number；The processing module is connected with probe image-forming module, reference arm respectively, and processing module controls probe image-forming module and ginseng respectively Arm is examined, with reference to the positioning of guiding light source, the scope of adjustment scanning and imaging.