CN206916387U - A kind of flaxen fiber enhancing degradable polyalcohol group felt material and its composite board - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of flaxen fiber enhancing degradable polyalcohol group felt material and its composite board, flaxen fiber enhancing degradable polyalcohol group felt material is mixed by natural ramie fiber and biodegradable polymer fiber, wherein natural ramie fiber must carry out degumming and modification, and wherein base material can be the degradable polymers such as PLA, carbon dioxide polymer.The technique being combined to natural fiber using deep cooling and machinery carries out degumming process, then by graft modification, is mixed with polymer-based fibers, by combing lapping process, prepare felt material.Using the felt material, by duplex forging technique, composite board is prepared.Composite board prepared by the utility model, improve the interfacial combined function of natural fiber and polymeric matrix, and then the comprehensive mechanical property of composite board is improved, it is a kind of environmentally friendly, degradable, low VOC, high-performance, the new type natural fibre reinforced composites of thin-walled property.

Description

A kind of flaxen fiber enhancing degradable polyalcohol group felt material and its composite board

Technical field

The utility model belongs to automobile decoration field of material technology.

Background technology

With the progress of science and technology and the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, some materials of early stage are such as：Glass fiber compound material, Due to the problem of pollution and high cost being present, just gradually substituted by natural ramie fiber composite.Natural ramie fiber composite wood Material have the advantages that lightweight is inexpensive, green, density is low, specific strength is high, it is degradable it is renewable, moisture pick-up properties is good, its production Amount gradually lifting, is widely used in various fields such as Aero-Space, automobile, furniture, decoration, electrical equipment.In addition, China is the country that hemp resource is most abundant in the world, has other country to be difficult to the resources advantage reached.There are flax, Nan Youjian in north Fiber crops, east have hemp, west have bluish dogbane, in have ramie, most area has mestha, the general layout of jute.Flaxen fiber has higher The characteristic such as intensity and modulus, less density, heat-resisting, wear-resisting, moisture absorption moisture-inhibiting, ventilative.Moreover, fibre of flax for textile material is easily planted, it is not required to Chemical fertilizer is wanted, harvest time is short, and yield is high.Therefore, flaxen fiber has potential industrial application value, and at home and abroad market has wide Prospect.

But during processing and using natural ramie fiber, due to the influence of the factors such as temperature, illumination, humidity, day Right fibrous composite can produce volatile small organic molecule (VOC), such as：Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, toluene, styrene etc.. In the environment of relative closure, the contact direct or indirect with people, the health of user will be endangered, this is largely restricted The application and development of natural ramie fiber composite.In addition, it is increasingly strict with automobile environment-protection regulation, auto parts and components Recuperability will be that major auto parts and components manufacturer must problems faced.Therefore, low VOC is produced, degradable high-performance is answered Plywood material, the problem of into current urgent need to resolve.

The content of the invention

It is above-mentioned in order to overcome the shortcomings of, the utility model provide a kind of flaxen fiber enhancing degradable polyalcohol group felt material and its The preparation method of composite board.

Using natural ramie fiber and biodegradable polymer fiber as raw material, the compound fibre of individual layer is obtained through shredding, mixing, combing Thin net is tieed up, the thin net of 6~10 layers of composite fibre of lapping simultaneously makes fiber obtain felt material after linking by needling treatment；Natural fiber crops in felt material The weight percentage of fiber be 30~70%, the felt material again through enclosed compound Die Forging processing after, biodegradable polymer fiber Solidification obtains composite board.

The natural ramie fiber is the mixing of 1~4 kind of china-hemp fibers, tossa, flax fiber, ramee or more Thing.Degradable polymer is PLA (PLA, being also polylactide), carbon dioxide polymer or PLA and carbon dioxide polymer The mixture of the two.

Preparation method comprises the following steps that：

1) natural ramie fiber 30wt%~70wt% is pressed, degradable polymer 70wt%~30wt% ratio weighs original Material；

2) natural ramie fiber is washed after removing impurity and drying, it is fine to natural fiber crops using quick deep cooling degumming process method Dimension carries out degumming process；

3) flaxen fiber after degumming process is impregnated into 30min~4h in surface conditioning agent, through repeatedly washing after taking-up, put 6~12h is dried in 80~100 DEG C of baking ovens, surface is obtained and is modified flaxen fiber；

4) dry biodegradable polymer fiber is obtained compound with modified flaxen fiber shredding with being well mixed by combing The thin net of fiber layer, 6~10 layers of staggered form laying, needle felting material；

5) felt material is full of impression, transfers them to releasing agent after felt material is heated into softening with vulcanizing press and uniformly apply The metal of lower surface is spread in mould, first with the quick matched moulds of 10m/min speed during matched moulds, when matched molds are at a distance of 8~10cm, It is changed to the speed matched moulds with 3m/min；10~20min is kept after matched moulds at a temperature of 50~80MPa pressure and 175~195 DEG C； A kind of flaxen fiber enhancing degradable polyalcohol group composite board is obtained after the demoulding.

Quick deep cooling degumming process method is specific as follows in step 2)：Flaxen fiber is placed in deep freeze refrigeration plant, makes flaxen fiber - 100 DEG C~-190 DEG C are cooled fast to, carries out subzero treatment, cooling time 30min~12h.Then with 0.1~10 DEG C/min Speed be warming up to normal temperature, stand 30min~5h.Then 40~60min of mechanical beating degumming.And use pH>At 13 alkaline solutions Manage 20~40min, washing drying.

Surface conditioning agent in step 3) is the maleic anhydride aqueous solution, the silane coupler aqueous solution or diisocyanate-the third The ketone aqueous solution.

The beneficial effects of the utility model：

On the one hand the utility model is to remove pectin, lignin and hemicellulose by degumming process, effectively dropped with this Low VOC volatilization.On the other hand it is to use enclosed compound Die Forging technique, improves stock utilization；Pass through high Stress control The porosity of composite, improve the interfacial combined function of natural fiber and polymeric matrix, improve the resultant force of composite board Performance is learned, obtains thin-walled property composite board.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that flaxen fiber strengthens degradable polyalcohol group felt material schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 is that flaxen fiber strengthens degradable polyalcohol group composite board schematic diagram；

Fig. 3 enclosed compound Die Forging process schematic representations.

In accompanying drawing：1- formers, 2- formpistons, 3- felts material, 4- temperature measuring points, 5- natural ramie fibers and biodegradable polymer fiber The thin net of composite fibre.

Embodiment

Technical solutions of the utility model are further explained and illustrated in a manner of specific embodiment below.

Embodiment 1

1) china-hemp fibers are washed first to remove the impurity in fiber, the china-hemp fibers after drying is placed in deep cooling In equipment, china-hemp fibers is cooled fast to -190 DEG C, carry out subzero treatment, cooling time 5h；Then with 9 DEG C/min speed Degree is warming up to normal temperature, and stands 2h；Mechanical degluing processing is carried out to the china-hemp fibers after subzero treatment using mechanical degluing equipment 40min；Alkali lye washing is carried out to the china-hemp fibers that mechanical degluing treats, the sodium hydroxide liquid reclaimed water for being placed in 6g/L is washed 20min, remove the impurity of the non-cellulose of the china-hemp fibers remained on surface after mechanical degluing.Residual gum content is 1% after drying combs Below.

2) maleic anhydride is dissolved into the transparent 1wt% maleic anhydride aqueous solution, Chinese fiber crops and the bath raio of solution at 60 DEG C For 1:50, degumming china-hemp fibers obtained by step (1) are put into this solution and handle 4h, repeatedly washing, is placed in 80 DEG C of baking ovens 8h is dried, it is standby；Carbon dioxide polymer is dried in vacuo 10h at 30~35 DEG C, to remove moisture.

3) china-hemp fibers and carbon dioxide polymer will be modified according to weight than 4 obtained by step 2):6 progress shreddings are simultaneously uniform Mixing, the preliminary shredding of process is combed into the thin net being made up of composite fibre with the fibrous raw material mixed.By carding machine output Staggered form laying method laying into the net is crossed into certain thickness web by thin Netcom.To ensure the uniformity of web, selection 7 layers of lapping.Then needle felting.

4) size of felt material is calculated according to the volume of impression in mould, is cut out suitable shape and size.Use flat board Felt material is heated to soften by vulcanizer, is put into releasing agent and is uniformly smeared the metal of upper and lower surface in mould, is quickly first during matched moulds 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 10cm, it is 3m/min at a slow speed to change.175 DEG C are heated to, is pressurized to 75MPa, the dwell time is 11min, curing molding, release are stripped after being cooled to room temperature.

Embodiment 2

1) tossa is washed first to remove the impurity in fiber, the tossa after drying is placed in deep cooling In equipment, tossa is cooled fast to -150 DEG C, carry out subzero treatment, cooling time 3h；Then with 8 DEG C/min speed Degree is warming up to normal temperature, and stands 3h；Mechanical degluing processing is carried out to the tossa after subzero treatment using mechanical degluing equipment 50min；Alkali lye washing is carried out to the tossa that mechanical degluing treats, the sodium hydroxide liquid reclaimed water for being placed in 6g/L is washed 30min, remove the impurity of the non-cellulose of the tossa remained on surface after mechanical degluing.Residual gum content is 1% after drying combs Below.

2) Silane coupling agent KH550 is dissolved in volume ratio for 1:In 1 ethanol/water mixed solvent, configuration obtains quality point (usage amount is according to 3% that the quality of silane coupler is pretreatment jute quality for the KH550 silane coupler solutions that number is 1% Calculate), with second acid for adjusting pH value to 4, surface treatment liquid is obtained after stirring, degumming tossa obtained by step 1) is immersed In the good surface treatment liquid of above-mentioned configuration, take out, rinsed repeatedly to neutrality after impregnating 2h, be placed in 80 DEG C of baking ovens and dry 12h, it is standby With.

3) tossa and PLA fibers will be modified according to weight than 4 obtained by step 2):6 progress shreddings uniformly mix, will be through Cross preliminary shredding and the single thin layer net being made up of two kinds of fibers is combed into the fibrous raw material mixed.The thin Netcom that carding machine is exported Staggered form laying method laying into the net is crossed into certain thickness web.To ensure the uniformity of web, lapping 8 is selected Layer.Then needle felting.

4) size of felt material is calculated according to the volume of impression in mould, is cut out suitable shape and size.Use flat board Felt material is heated to soften by vulcanizer, is put into releasing agent and is uniformly smeared the metal of upper and lower surface in mould, is quickly first during matched moulds 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 10cm, it is 3m/min at a slow speed to change.195 DEG C are heated to, is pressurized to 70MPa, the dwell time is 17min, curing molding, release are stripped after being cooled to room temperature.

Embodiment 3

1) flax fiber is washed first to remove the impurity in fiber, the flax fiber after drying is placed in deep cooling In equipment, flax fiber is cooled fast to -130 DEG C, carry out subzero treatment, cooling time 5h；Then with 6 DEG C/min speed Degree is warming up to normal temperature, and stands 4h；Mechanical degluing processing is carried out to the flax fiber after subzero treatment using mechanical degluing equipment 50min；Alkali lye washing is carried out to the flax fiber that mechanical degluing treats, the sodium hydroxide liquid reclaimed water for being placed in 6g/L is washed 40min, remove the impurity of the non-cellulose of the flax fiber remained on surface after mechanical degluing.Residual gum content is 1% after drying combs Below.

2) by degumming flax fiber obtained by step 1), by bath raio 1:25, it is added in 5wt% aqueous acetone solution, then add Enter diisocyanate, the amount ratio of diisocyanate and flax is weight than 1:1, the concentrated sulfuric acid, which is added dropwise, makes pH to 2.5~3, water-bath 65 DEG C of heating, impregnate 6h.Repeatedly after washing, it is placed in 80 DEG C of baking ovens and dries 7h, it is standby.

3) by modified flax fiber and PLA fibers obtained by step 2) according to 6:4 are uniformly mixed, and will pass through preliminary shredding The single thin layer net being made up of two kinds of fibers is combed into the fibrous raw material mixed.Staggered form paving is crossed into by the thin Netcom that carding machine exports Method laying into the net is folded into certain thickness web.To ensure the uniformity of web, 7 layers of lapping is selected.Then acupuncture Into felt.

4) size of felt material is calculated according to the volume of impression in mould, is cut out suitable shape and size.Use flat board Felt material is heated to soften by vulcanizer, is put into releasing agent and is uniformly smeared the metal of upper and lower surface in mould, is quickly first during matched moulds 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 10cm, it is 3m/min at a slow speed to change.180 DEG C are heated to, is pressurized to 60MPa, the dwell time is 14min, curing molding, release are stripped after being cooled to room temperature.

Embodiment 4

1) ramee is washed first to remove the impurity in fiber, the ramee after drying is placed in deep cooling In equipment, ramee is cooled fast to -100 DEG C, carry out subzero treatment, cooling time 12h；Then with 4 DEG C/min's Speed is warming up to normal temperature, and stands 5h；The ramee after subzero treatment is carried out at mechanical degluing using mechanical degluing equipment Manage 60min；Alkali lye washing is carried out to the ramee that mechanical degluing treats, the sodium hydroxide liquid reclaimed water for being placed in 6g/L is washed 30min, remove the impurity of the non-cellulose of the ramee remained on surface after mechanical degluing.Residual gum content is 1% after drying combs Below.

2) silane coupling A 151 is dissolved in volume ratio 3:In 2 ethanol/water mixed solvent, configuration quality fraction is 1% Silane coupler solution, with second acid for adjusting pH to 3~3.5, the bath raio of ramie and silane coupler solution is 1:50, stirring is equal After even, and degummed ramie fiber obtained by step 1) is immersed in the good silane coupler solution of above-mentioned configuration, taken after impregnating 30min Go out, rinse repeatedly to neutrality, be put into 100 DEG C of baking ovens and dry 8h, it is standby.By carbon dioxide polymer at 30~35 DEG C vacuum 10h is dried, to remove moisture.

3) by the mixture of modified ramie obtained by step 2) and PLA fibers and carbon dioxide polymer according to 6:4 enter Capable uniformly mixing, the preliminary shredding of process is combed into the fibrous raw material mixed the single thin layer net being made up of three kinds of fibers.Will comb Staggered form laying method laying into the net is crossed into certain thickness web by the thin Netcom of reason machine output.To ensure the equal of web Evenness, 8 layers of lapping is selected, then needle felting.

4) size of felt material is calculated according to the volume of impression in mould, is cut out suitable shape and size.Use flat board Felt material is heated to soften by vulcanizer, is put into releasing agent and is uniformly smeared the metal of upper and lower surface in mould, is quickly first during matched moulds 10m/min, when matched molds are at a distance of 10cm, it is 3m/min at a slow speed to change.180 DEG C are heated to, is pressurized to 50MPa, the dwell time is 19min, curing molding, release are stripped after being cooled to room temperature.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are illustrated below by way of experimental example.

The composite board obtained in embodiment 1,2,3,4 is uniformly cut into 5 battens, and 120 are polished into sampling machine × 10 × 2mm specification, this specification is as bending property test sample.Using universal testing machine, enter according to ISO527-1 standards Row test, using three-point bending method, rate of bending 5mm/min, span 95mm；By the batten system of 120 × 10 × 2mm specifications Into dumbbell shape, both ends size is 120 × 10 × 2mm, and intermediate sizes are 120 × 5 × 2mm, as Tensile test specimens.Using ten thousand Can testing machine, tested, draw speed 5mm/min, clamped away from for 100mm according to ISO178 standards；By 120 × 10 × 2mm The batten of specification with sampling machine in the sample between make the V word grooves of 0.2 times of thickness, as notch shock test sample, use Universal testing machine, tested according to ISO179 standards, impact velocity 5mm/min, table 1 is made in acquired results.

Table 1

Claims (2)

1. a kind of flaxen fiber strengthens degradable polyalcohol group felt material, it is characterised in that the felt material is thin by 6~10 layers of composite fibre Netcom crosses fiber and links to form felt body, and the thin net of composite fibre is interweaved by natural ramie fiber and biodegradable polymer fiber mixing Form；The natural ramie fiber is china-hemp fibers, tossa, flax fiber or ramee；Degradable polymer is poly- breast Acid or carbon dioxide polymer.

2. a kind of flaxen fiber strengthens degradable polyalcohol group composite board, it is characterised in that the sheet material is by natural ramie fiber and can Degradation polymer fiber is mutually mixed, fiber interweaving and by polymer fiber solidification form；The thin net of composite fibre is by natural Flaxen fiber and biodegradable polymer fiber mixing are interwoven；The natural ramie fiber is china-hemp fibers, tossa, flax fibre Dimension or ramee；Degradable polymer is PLA or carbon dioxide polymer.