CN104761869B - Preoxidized fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Preoxidized fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104761869B
CN104761869B CN201510147842.4A CN201510147842A CN104761869B CN 104761869 B CN104761869 B CN 104761869B CN 201510147842 A CN201510147842 A CN 201510147842A CN 104761869 B CN104761869 B CN 104761869B
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epoxy resin
fiber felt
oxidization fiber
composite material
preparation
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CN104761869A (en
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赵晓明
杨朝坤
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Only Multi Dimensional Technology (tianjin) Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a preoxidized fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product using preoxidized fiber felt as a reinforcing body and an epoxy resin as a matrix. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of epoxy resin matrix: weighing a certain amount of epoxy resin, adding anhydrous ethanol for dilution, sufficiently dissolving by stirring with an electric mixer for 10-30 minutes, adding a curing agent, and uniformly mixing by sufficient stirring; (2) pretreatment of preoxidized fiber felt: putting a preoxidized fiber felt nonwoven fabric into a 2-5% ethanol solution, carrying out immersion washing for 10 minutes, and drying the test sample in a drying oven at 60-80 DEG C for 30-60 minutes; and (3) compression molding of composite material: sufficiently soaking the preoxidized fiber felt in the prepared epoxy resin matrix at room temperature by hand pasting, and carrying out compression molding on the composite material by using a flat open mold. By using the lower-price preoxidized fiber felt instead of higher-price carbon fiber felt, the product has favorable mechanical properties, and the preparation method has the advantages of simple technique and lower cost and is easy to operate.

Description

A kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanics protection composite product, more particularly to one kind is with oxidization fiber felt as reinforcement, asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin Based on fat, the felt of the oxidization fiber with excellent mechanical performances/epoxy resin composite material product and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Composite (Composite materials), refers to by the different material of two or more property such as Metal, ceramics and macromolecular material etc., the heterogeneous material prepared by the preparation technology such as physically or chemically.Composition composite wood The various materials of material are complementary in performance and feature, learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, and produce cooperative effect, and this allows for the comprehensive of composite Its former composition material can be better than, so as to a variety of demands in meeting daily life, commercial production.Composite has weight Gently, the features such as intensity height, machine-shaping convenience, excellent spring, resistance to chemical attack and good weatherability, timber and gold have progressively been replaced Category alloy, is widely used in the field such as Aero-Space, automobile, electric, building, body-building apparatus, obtains being even more in recent years Develop rapidly.Composite is applied to aviation field and automobile industry mainly as mechanics protective article at present.With economy Development, composite will substitute most traditional material as mechanics protective article and be applied to more fields.It is compound The depth of investigation of material and using range and its speed and scale of production development, it has also become weigh a national science technology elder generation Enter one of horizontal important symbol.From in terms of global range, the production of world's composite is concentrated mainly on America and Europe and East Asia Region. Inland of China market also rapidly grew up in recent years.In the composite, using fiber as the materials application of reinforcement most For extensive, the composite feature of this type is specific strength and specific modulus is big, light weight.Model's carbon of advanced composite material (ACM) is fine The latest developments of dimension/epoxy resin-base composite material are rapid, but because carbon fiber price is higher, industrialized production enjoys restriction.
Oxidization fiber felt is through felt made by acupuncture or other techniques by polyacrylonitrile-radical oxidization fiber chopped fiber.Pre- oxygen Silk felt is the intermediate products of carbon fiber felt making link, and its price is lower than carbon fiber felt but many excellent with carbon fiber felt Point --- oxidization fiber felt has the excellent performances such as good effect of heat insulation, acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting, chemically-resistant environment, against weather. Meanwhile, oxidization fiber felt has good space effect, permeability, extensibility, it is easy to compression molding.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide one kind with oxidization fiber felt as reinforcement, based on epoxy resin, have Oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material the product of excellent mechanical performances.The relatively low oxidization fiber felt of this technology price is replaced simultaneously The higher carbon fiber felt of cost lattice, solves exemplary complex material carbon fiber/epoxy resin based composites because of carbon fiber price Higher and industrialized production is for restricted problem.
The present invention is multiple in order to the provided technical scheme that solves the above problems is to provide a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin Composite product, including:As the epoxy resin of matrix, as the oxidization fiber felt of reinforcement, and firming agent;Epoxy resin Jing Epoxy resin-base is prepared after dehydrated alcohol dilution with firming agent mixing, epoxy resin-base passes through compression molding with oxidization fiber felt Obtain final product the composite products.
Preferably, the oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics are cut into the sample of 20 × 9mm, the consumption of corresponding epoxy resin is 30-100g。
Preferably, the epoxy resin and the mass ratio of firming agent are 2:1.
Preferably, the firming agent is polyamide 6 50 or polyamide 6 51.
Preferably, in the epoxy resin dehydrated alcohol of its quality 15-30% is added to be diluted which.
Preferably, pretreatment has been carried out to the oxidization fiber felt also before stamping, specially:By oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics Dipping washing 10min in the ethanol solution that concentration is 2-5% is put into, 60-80 DEG C of drying 30-60min in baking oven is then placed in.
Preferably, compression molding is carried out to the composite using flat board open type mould, concrete steps include:
A. zero-pressure 60-80 DEG C is incubated precuring 1-2h;
B.80-90 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 30-60min, timing release;
C. 130 DEG C are warmed up to, co-pressed 30min;
D. pressurize is cooled to room temperature;
DEG C e.120-140 solidification 2-3h, stripping forming.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product, comprises the steps:
(1) preparation of epoxy resin-base:
A certain amount of epoxy resin is weighed, and is added dehydrated alcohol to be diluted, then 10- is stirred with electric blender 30min, allows its sufficient dissolving, is eventually adding firming agent, and is thoroughly mixed uniform;
(2) pretreatment of oxidization fiber felt:
Oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics are put into into dipping washing 10min in the ethanol solution that concentration is 2-5%, then sample is put Enter 60-80 DEG C of drying 30-60min in baking oven;
(3) compression molding of composite:
Oxidization fiber felt is allowed fully to soak using hand molding at ambient temperature step (1) deployed epoxy resin-base Profit, then carries out compression molding to composite with flat board open type mould.
Technical solution of the present invention is summarized as follows:
Using epoxy resin as the matrix of the composite;As epoxy resin possesses certain mobility, solidification is added Agent makes epoxy resin cure, the excessive loss of resin matrix when preventing from being molded;As epoxy resin possesses certain viscosity, in ring Add dehydrated alcohol to be diluted in oxygen tree fat, be easy to allow resin fully to infiltrate using hand molding;It is multiple as this using oxidization fiber felt The reinforcement of condensation material mechanical property, its consumption determine the mechanical property of the composite;Oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics are put into into one Washing is impregnated in determining the ethanol solution of concentration carries out pretreatment, and preprocessing process is lost in eliminating most of fiber felt course of processing Oil stain, fiber felt surface and the internal impurity for staying.Above-mentioned deployed epoxy resin solution is pasted using handss at ambient temperature Method allows resin fully to infiltrate, and is subsequently adding flat board open type mould, compressing with the above-mentioned oxidization fiber felt through pretreatment to be Obtain composite of the present invention.
Beneficial effect:
Used as composite material reinforcement body, oxidization fiber felt has good the oxidization fiber felt obtained by the use of needling process of the invention Space effect, permeability, extensibility, it is easy to compression molding.Using these features of oxidization fiber felt, using answering for simple low cost The condensation material method of forming, handss paste soaking method by oxidization fiber felt and resin compounded, finally using flat board open type mould to composite Suppressed.Compared with prior art, product mechanical property of the present invention is good, preparation method process is simple, easily operated, cost It is relatively low.
Description of the drawings
The preparation flow figure of Fig. 1 composites of the present invention;
The model structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2 composites of the present invention;
The electron microscope (scanning multiple is 280 times) of the not pretreated composite longitudinal stretching fracture apperances of Fig. 3;
The electron microscope (scanning multiple is 140 times) of the pretreated composite longitudinal stretching fracture apperances of Fig. 4;
The electron microscope (scanning multiple is 600 times) of the pretreated composite longitudinal stretching fracture apperances of Fig. 5;
Impact of Fig. 6 pretreatment to composite longitudinal stretching strength;
Impact of Fig. 7 pretreatment to composite cross directional stretch strength;
Impact of Fig. 8 pretreatment to composite tensile strength;
Impact of Fig. 9 pretreatment to composite buckling strength;
Impact of Figure 10 pretreatment to composite transverse curvature strength;
Impact of Figure 11 pretreatment to composite bending strength;
Figure 12 difference impacts of the mould pressing process to composite longitudinal stretching strength;
Figure 13 difference impacts of the mould pressing process to composite cross directional stretch strength;
Figure 14 difference impacts of the mould pressing process to composite tensile strength;
Figure 15 difference impacts of the mould pressing process to composite buckling strength;
Figure 16 difference impacts of the mould pressing process to composite transverse curvature strength;
Figure 17 difference impacts of the mould pressing process to composite bending strength.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, and accompanying drawing is combined, be further discussed below the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, implement In mode, techniques not described means can be being realized with mode known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment should It is interpreted as illustrative, and unrestricted the scope of the present invention, the spirit and scope of the invention are limited only by the claims that follow.It is right For those skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing substantially from spirit and scope of the present invention, to the material in these embodiments Various modifications that composition, consumption, size, shape are carried out, replacement, improvement fall within protection scope of the present invention, and the present invention The design parameter for being limited should have admissible range of error.
Embodiment 1:Prepare oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product
As a kind of example of specific embodiment, there is provided a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product, bag Include:As the epoxy resin of matrices of composite material, as the oxidization fiber felt of Compound Material Engineering reinforcement, and firming agent;Institute The preparation method for stating composite products is as follows:
(1) preparation of epoxy resin-base:
E-44 type epoxy resin 60g are weighed, is added 10g dehydrated alcohol to be diluted, is then stirred with electric blender 30min, allows its sufficient dissolving, is eventually adding 50 firming agent 30g of polyamide 6, and is thoroughly mixed uniform;
(2) pretreatment of oxidization fiber felt:
Oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics are cut into into the sample of 20 × 9mm, dipping washing in the ethanol solution that concentration is 2% is put into Then sample is put into 80 DEG C of drying 60min in baking oven by 10min;
(3) compression molding of composite:
Oxidization fiber felt is allowed fully to soak using hand molding at ambient temperature step (1) deployed epoxy resin-base Profit, then carries out compression molding to composite with flat board open type mould, and concrete steps include:
A. 80 DEG C of zero-pressure is incubated precuring 2h;
B.90 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 60min, timing release;
C. 130 DEG C are warmed up to, co-pressed 30min;
D. pressurize is cooled to room temperature;
DEG C e.140 solidification 3h, stripping forming.
The present embodiment is suppressed to composite using Y/TD71-45A type flat board open type moulds.Using needling process Used as composite material reinforcement body, oxidization fiber felt has good space effect, permeability, extensibility to the oxidization fiber felt for obtaining, easily In compression molding.Using these features of oxidization fiber felt, using the Molding Forming of Composites method of simple low cost, handss paste infiltration Oxidization fiber felt and resin matrix are combined by method, due to dilution after E-44 types epoxy resin flows very well, so being molded it Before to solidify at a certain temperature a period of time, prevent be molded when resin matrix excessive loss.Composite of the present invention Preparation flow is as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 2:Impact of the pretreatment oxidization fiber felt to composite products mechanical property
Reinforcement in oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material belongs to cellulosic fibre material, and epoxy resin belongs to There is very big difference in macromolecular material, their mechanical property and chemical property.The mechanical property of composite is depended not only on The performance of reinforcement fiber, additionally depends on the combination situation between reinforcement and matrix.In order to further probe into oxidization fiber felt/ring Combination situation between the reinforcement and matrix of epoxy resin composite material, have taken the composite stretching prepared under different condition The SEM image of fracture, as in Figure 3-5.
It is obvious that not pretreated oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material incision position has many from Fig. 3 Exposed oxidization fiber fiber, fiber are very uneven with resin distribution, and have the phenomenon that fiber bunchy unites, resin in fracture local There is lamination between matrix and fiber.The main cause of sample fracture is probably that reinforcement fiber is not evenly distributed in tree In aliphatic radical body, could not well and resin base carries out surface bonding.The Impact direction of most of fiber and the draw direction of sheet material It is not parallel, so stress concentration is easily caused in stress, localized crackses are produced, the destruction of whole sheet material is ultimately resulted in.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that the fiber for still having some exposed in incision position, its distribution arrangement and plate stretch rift direction Unanimously, i.e., parallel to Nomex lapping direction.In sheet material stress, fiber Impact direction is substantially consistent with plate stretch direction, It is possible to the load of most of resin transmission is born, with preferable mechanical property.Fig. 5 is the scanning of said sample stretching fracture 600 times of image is amplified to by 140 times, the fiber of can be clearly seen that few fibers broken end, peeling off from resin, fiber with The hole stayed during resin unsticking.Furthermore it is also possible to being clearly visible resin has obvious tension shape, resin surface is smooth, Hold lamellar and be coated on oxidization fiber fiber peripheral, this explanation resin matrix during stretching has been also subjected to part tension, Sheet material is final to there is fracture because of most fiber and resin unsticking.
Composite products that are not preprocessed to oxidization fiber felt and preparing after pretreatment carry out respectively longitudinal stretching, The multinomial Mechanics Performance Testing such as cross directional stretch, bending, Contrast on effect as shown in Fig. 6 to Figure 11, pretreated oxidization fiber felt/ring Epoxy resin composite material, either tensile property or bending property all increase.Because through the oxidization fiber felt of pretreatment Preferably can be bonded together with resin matrix.By comparing oxidization fiber felt weight change before and after treatment, draw pre- The impurities removing efficiency of processing procedure fiber felt is tested the oxidization fiber felt surface for using and is not enough cleaned 0.3% or so, and felt body contains more The distinguishable impurity of naked eyes.The oil stain left in the washing of dehydrated alcohol eliminates most of fiber felt course of processing, fiber Felt surface and internal impurity are also significantly reduced.In addition, through 80 DEG C, after the baking oven forced air drying of 30min, eliminating felt body residual Moisture, fiber felt becomes fluffy, soft, and felt body space becomes big, and integral thickness increased, and this allows for fine in handss paste infiltration The infiltration that is more prone to of resin portion to felt body in during dimension felt, infiltration more fully, increased resin matrix and oxidization fiber felt Contact so that the composite property after solidification is improved.
Embodiment 3:Impact of the mould pressing process to composite products mechanical property
Die press technology for forming has a significant impact to the performance of composite.Same reinforcement and matrix, by different moulds The composite property that pressure technique is prepared is different.During molding, topmost influence factor includes:It is molding pressure, solid Change temperature, hardening time, holding temperature and time etc..In the present embodiment, using flat board open type mould, and adopt respectively Oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material is prepared with three kinds of different mould pressing process.
Mould pressing process one:
A. 60 DEG C of zero-pressure is incubated precuring 1h;
B.70 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 10min, timing release;
C. 115 DEG C are warmed up to, pressure 5MPa compacting 2min are warmed up to 130 DEG C of compacting 10min;
D. pressurize is cooled to room temperature;
DEG C e.140 solidification 2h, stripping forming.
Mould pressing process two:
A. 60 DEG C of zero-pressure is incubated precuring 1h;
B.90 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 60min, timing release;
C. 130 DEG C are warmed up to, co-pressed 30min;
D. pressurize is cooled to room temperature;
DEG C e.140 solidification 2h, stripping forming.
Mould pressing process three:
A. 60 DEG C of zero-pressure is incubated precuring 1h;
B.80 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 30min, timing release;
C. 120 DEG C are warmed up to, pressure 5MPa compacting 2h;
D. 150 DEG C are warmed up to, pressure 5MPa compacting 30min;
E. pressurize is cooled to room temperature, stripping forming.
The composite wood prepared by the mechanical property for testing product prepared by above-mentioned three kinds of mould pressing methods, different mould pressing process The tensile property and bending property of material is as shown in Figure 12-17.
From Figure 12-17 as can be seen that the composite for either being prepared using which kind of mould pressing process, its longitudinal stretching and vertical Will be more much better than cross directional stretch and transverse curvature performance to bending property.It is along acupuncture that this is primarily due to longitudinal stretching The lapping direction of oxidization fiber felt, cross directional stretch along carrying out perpendicular to Nomex lapping direction, the longitudinal direction drawing of oxidization fiber felt Stretch intensity bigger than transverse tensile strength, so the mechanical property of resulting oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material longitudinal direction Also it is better than horizontal mechanical property.In addition, from the graph, it is apparent that the composite of the preparation of technique two is either longitudinal Or laterally, its mechanical property is all best, and reason is probably to carry out composite compacting using technique two to make epoxy Resin matrix and oxidization fiber felt preferably infiltrate, and the degree of resin impregnated fiber felt is than technique one and technique three-hypers.Technique one Compare with technique two, clamp time is too short, resin infiltration is insufficient, so strength is far away from composite prepared by technique two. Comparatively speaking, the press time of technique three is longer than technique one, so the combination property of its composite is better than technique one. But technique three does not carry out solidify afterwards, the state of cure of material is not high, and the adhesion strength between resin and fiber is not as good as technique Two, so mechanical property is slightly poorer to technique two.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product, consisting of:As the epoxy resin of matrix, as enhancing The oxidization fiber felt of body, and firming agent;Epoxy resin prepares epoxy resin-base with firming agent mixing Jing after dehydrated alcohol dilution, Epoxy resin-base obtains final product the composite products by compression molding with oxidization fiber felt;
Compression molding is carried out to the composite using flat board open type mould, concrete steps include:
A. zero-pressure 60-80 DEG C is incubated precuring 1-2h;
B.80-90 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 30-60min, timing release;
C. 130 DEG C are warmed up to, co-pressed 30min;
D. pressurize is cooled to room temperature;
DEG C e.120-140 solidification 2-3h, stripping forming.
2. a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the epoxy Resin is 2 with the mass ratio of firming agent:1.
3. a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the solidification Agent is polyamide 6 50 or polyamide 6 51.
4. a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that will be described pre- Oxygen silk felt non-woven fabrics are cut into the sample of 20 × 9mm, and the consumption of corresponding epoxy resin is 30-100g.
5. a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the ring The dehydrated alcohol of its quality 15-30% is added to be diluted which in oxygen tree fat.
6. a kind of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in molding It is front that pretreatment has been carried out to the oxidization fiber felt also, specially:Oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics are put into into the ethanol that concentration is 2-5% molten Dipping washing 10min in liquid, is then placed in 60-80 DEG C of drying 30-60min in baking oven.
7. a kind of preparation method of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) preparation of epoxy resin-base:
A certain amount of epoxy resin is weighed, is added the dehydrated alcohol of its quality 15-30% to be diluted, is then used electric blender Stirring 10-30min, allows its sufficient dissolving, is eventually adding firming agent, and is thoroughly mixed uniform;
(2) pretreatment of oxidization fiber felt:
Oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics are put into into dipping washing 10min in the ethanol solution that concentration is 2-5%, sample is put into into baking then 60-80 DEG C of drying 30-60min in case;
(3) compression molding of composite:
Oxidization fiber felt is allowed fully to infiltrate using hand molding at ambient temperature step (1) deployed epoxy resin-base, so Compression molding is carried out to composite with flat board open type mould afterwards, concrete steps include:
A. zero-pressure 60-80 DEG C is incubated precuring 1-2h;
B.80-90 DEG C, pressure 5MPa compactings 30-60min, timing release;
C. 130 DEG C are warmed up to, co-pressed 30min;
D. pressurize is cooled to room temperature;
DEG C e.120-140 solidification 2-3h, stripping forming.
8. a kind of preparation method of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that step Suddenly epoxy resin described in (1) and the mass ratio of firming agent are 2:1.
9. as claimed in claim 7 or 8 a kind of preparation method of oxidization fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material, it is characterised in that The content of epoxy resin is 30-100g, and the correspondence oxidization fiber felt non-woven fabrics size is 20 × 9mm.
CN201510147842.4A 2015-03-31 2015-03-31 Preoxidized fiber felt/epoxy resin composite material product and preparation method thereof Active CN104761869B (en)

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CN109320132B (en) * 2018-10-19 2021-10-15 江苏大利节能科技股份有限公司 Sound-absorbing heat-insulating material
CN113897013B (en) * 2020-07-06 2023-03-21 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 Acrylic felt filled epoxy resin composite material and preparation method thereof

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CN103640319A (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-03-19 宜兴市飞舟高新科技材料有限公司 Making method for carbon fiber composite board preform

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CN101591868A (en) * 2009-06-23 2009-12-02 东华大学 Be used for the preparation of the carbon fiber paper of gas diffusion layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
CN102507614A (en) * 2011-10-25 2012-06-20 中国科学院化学研究所 Method for characterizing element distribution conditions on fiber cross section
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