CN206912255U - A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN206912255U CN206912255U CN201720571471.7U CN201720571471U CN206912255U CN 206912255 U CN206912255 U CN 206912255U CN 201720571471 U CN201720571471 U CN 201720571471U CN 206912255 U CN206912255 U CN 206912255U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique.The device includes feeder compartment, sensing heating melts room, plasmatorch room, spray chamber and powder collecting chamber, sensing heating melting interior is provided with induction heating apparatus and magnetic confinement device, the utility model is by multichannel wire tranmission techniques, high frequency melting technique, magnetic levitation technology and plasma atomization technology of preparing are combined together, the effect that plasma atomization technique is prepared to high sphericity high-test metal particle maximizes, technology of preparing is atomized compared to traditional plasma, on the premise of metallic particles sphericity and particle diameter is ensured, realize refractory metal powder manufacture into multiple increase.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of preparing metal powder, and in particular to a kind of metal based on plasma atomization technique
Powder preparation method and its device.
Background technology
3D printing technique is melted by metal dust and is layering in the presence of the thermals source such as electron beam to prepare metal
Part, hardly limited by part complexity.Material can be significantly reduced compared to traditional manufacturing process, 3D printing technique
Material, energy resource consumption and cost, therefore, there are wide market prospects in fields such as space flight, medical treatment, vehicle and mould customizations.
The quality of metal dust directly affects the quality of manufactured metal parts.To ensure part quality, need to use spherical
Spend high metallic particles.In addition, the particle diameter of metallic particles must be also controlled in a suitable section.Such as selectivity
Lf（SLM）Printing technique, the suitable particle size of metal dust is 15-45 μm, electron beam melting technology（EBM）Required gold
It is 45-106 μm to belong to powder diameter.
With the fast development of 3D printing technique, in the market is to the demand of high-test metal particle also rapid development.But
It is limited by the yield of high-test metal powder manufacturing process and cost, especially for dystectic simple metal and alloyed powder
End.
Two committed steps that the production technology of metal dust is most crucial are first to heat metal material and melt, then borrow
Help external force to crush fused solution and be atomized into droplet.Atomization method mainly has gas atomization, plasma atomization and high speed
Rotating centrifugal method.The common preparation method of refractory metal powder has water jacketed copper crucible aerosolization, electrode sensing both at home and abroad at present
Melting aerosolization, Plasma Rotation electrode method and plasma atomization.
Water jacketed copper crucible gas atomization carries out melting using water jacketed copper crucible to metal material, there is stabilization in copper crucible bottom
The downward liquid stream of flow and flow rate, liquid stream form fine droplet by means of the impact of high velocity air.Shortcoming is metal material meeting
Contacted with crucible so as to dissolve in impurity, therefore be not suitable for the manufacturing of the metal dust of high-purity and high activity.
Electrode induction melting gas atomization（EIGA）Introduce the induction coil without crucible to melt metal bar, avoid
Contact of the metal material with crucible, so as to ensure that the degree of purity of atomized powder.But EIGA technologies are by increasing induced electricity
The diameter of pole raw bar material increases treating capacity and output, does not realize prolonged continuous feed.The increasing of electrode diameter
Also limited by each side such as induction coils greatly.Dropped in addition, electrode also has drop in heating process, or it is incomplete
Melt fracture to fall into mozzle and cause to block.
Aerosolization technology crushes metal melting liquid with substantial amounts of high-speed gas, when the droplet produced does not have enough
Between carry out contraction nodularization.Therefore, powder sphericity can be caused not good enough, and has hollow powder and the phenomenon of satellite powder.
Plasma Rotation electrode method is placed in the anode metal rotated at a high speed on high-speed rotating shaft using plasma arc bombardment
Bar, molten metal drop under the influence of centrifugal force tangentially on diverge to droplet, it is final to solidify nodularization into powder.
Plasma Rotation electrode method need not use high velocity air, avoid the generation of hollow powder, but its processing request to bar compared with
Height, and cannot be guaranteed the continuity of atomization.The vacuum leakproofness and cleannes of rotation electrode are also plasma rotating electrode process
Key issue.Rotary speed is limited to, the particle dynamics of prepared spherical powder is generally at 100 μm to 250 μm, less than 100 μ
M particle is less, therefore can not meet some requirements of 3D printing technique to powder.
The hot plasma ionization that is gas under the conditions of the arc discharge or high-frequency discharge formed by ion, electronics and in
The property molecular upper state of grain.Its temperature can reach more than 10000K, therefore can be by metal in instant melting, and at a high speed
Atomization forms powder under plasma airflow function.
US005707419A discloses a kind of method of plasma atomization production metal dust, passes through symmetrical three
The very high temperature plasma flame of individual plasmatorch release, which crosses, to be melted titanium alloy wire and is broken into fine metal drop.This method energy
Produce metallic particles of the particle diameter 50 to 100.Disadvantage is however that the low production efficiency of technique, can only produce 1kg or so per hour
Titanium valve.
WO2016191854 discloses a kind of method for improving plasma atomization production efficiency, using symmetrical three
The preheated tinsel of individual plasmatorch atomized molten, has brought up to 5kg per hour, together by the production capacity of system process
When, the average grain diameter of powder is reduced to 45 μm.
It can be seen that prepare metal dust using plasma atomization, the quality of powder can be greatly enhanced, including sphericity and
Particle diameter.Especially for high-purity titanium or titanium alloy powder, plasma atomization method, can fast fast thawing because of its high-energy-density flame
Melt metal wire material.Fused mass viscous force under high-temperature high-speed airflow effect is small, easily broken, and has time enough to shrink condensation
Into the titanium valve particle of high sphericity.But the plasma atomization skill that not a kind for the treatment of capacity is big at present and production efficiency is high
Art.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model be to provide a kind of metal powder preparation method based on plasma atomization technique and
Its device, can solve metal dust low production efficiency in the prior art, it is not possible to the problem of volume production.
Technical scheme：
A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique, including feeder compartment, sensing heating melting room,
Plasmatorch room, spray chamber and powder collecting chamber,
The upper end of the feeder compartment is dynamic sealing device, and inside is provided with multichannel wire continuous feed mechanism and straightener
Structure, the lower section of feeder compartment melt room for sensing heating, be provided with dividing plate between feeder compartment and sensing heating melting room, and one vertically
Wire guiding tube is applied between feeder compartment and sensing heating melting room, and the sensing heating melting interior is provided with sensing heating
Device and magnetic confinement device；
It is plasma torch room below sensing heating melting room, the plasmatorch room is bullet, its conical surface position
Install several evenly distributed plasmatorch and be passed through plasmatorch chamber interior, the bottom connection atomization of the plasmatorch room
Room, the bottom of the spray chamber are connected for the back taper bodily form and with following powder collecting chamber；The lower central position of spray chamber is set
There is gases exit line, the gases exit line connects cyclone separator.
Further, the wall of the spray chamber is provided with cooling jacket, for being cooled in the technology drop of spray chamber formation
For metal dust.
Further, the spray chamber reverse taper top is provided with the evenly distributed blow device of several circular spray chambers,
Particulate matter on the reverse taper wall of spray chamber bottom is deposited on using argon gas regular purge.It is located at blow device on the spray chamber
Top be provided with cooling duct, for further cooling down high-temperature metal-powder.
Further, the exit of the gases exit line is provided with aft cover plate, it is therefore intended that sucks gas from surrounding, draws
Lead spray chamber top nebulization region air-flow to spread to surrounding, so that drop spreads out as far as possible, avoid droplets from collision and formed
Satellite powder.
Further, the plasmatorch quantity is 4, and the high-energy-density beam-plasma that the plasmatorch is sent converges
Gather and be located in a focus, the focus on the radial section central point of the multi beam groups of metal filaments, the multiple plasmatorch
Set around kernel of section line rotational symmetry.
Further, the induction heating apparatus is induction coil, and the magnetic confinement device is magnetic suspension coil, magnetic suspension
Coil is located at the lower section of induction coil, and two groups of coils can control alone, and frequency and power are controllable, the magnetic suspension constraint
Coil frequency is small compared with the induction coil.
The utility model also provides a kind of method that metal dust is prepared based on plasma technique, including following several steps
Suddenly：
1）Charging, the raw material of the charging are multi beam wire, and wire passes through dynamic sealing device from the silk axle of outside
Into in feed space, after feeding mechanism and straightening mechanism, wire guiding tube conveys wire and melts room to sensing heating,
Then charging is stopped,
2) whole system is vacuumized, vacuum is at least needed after reaching 1 × 10-4Pa, argon gas from charging ceiling
Portion enters, and fills whole system, it is 0.1Mpa to make device interior gas pressure；
3）Start induction heating apparatus and magnetic confinement device, start to continue to feed, wire is in induction heating apparatus and magnetic
Under restraint device effect, wire forms the metal liquid stream of molten condition, entered with stable speed and flow with wire etc.
Ion torch room；
4）The further heating melting steps 3 of plasmatorch）Obtained metal liquid stream and broken fused solution, form molten metal
Drop；
5）Above-mentioned molten drop enters spray chamber, is cooled down in gravity settlement process and condenses into metal dust, big particle diameter
Metal dust enters the powder collection chamber of spray chamber bottom, and the metal dust companion gas of small particle is together from gases exit line
Flow into cyclone separator and realize gas solid separation.
Further, the wire is that the titanium alloy materials such as pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V or tungsten wire are contour
Melting point metals.
Further, the quantity of the wire is 1-4 roots.Compared to metal bar, wire can be easier to realize continuously
Charging, and multichannel wire also ensure that the metal bar phase of the metal material and major diameter in Metal wire material unit length
When so as to ensure the high inlet amount of system, the charging rate of the Silk Road is controllable, therefore if it is necessary, can also realize technique low
Run under the conditions of inlet amount.
Further, the diameter range of the wire is 0.2 ~ 20mm.
Pre- heat fusing is carried out to wire using induction heating apparatus in the above method, tinsel is laggard in pre- heat fusing
Enter plasma range of atomization, it can be shortened the time that melting is required completely is heated under plasmatorch flame interaction, from
And can realize that tinsel enters plasma range of atomization with faster speed, the method can make full use of the mist of plasma
Change function, the preheating functions of heating and melting of plasma largely can be undertaken by sensing heating.
The above method also uses magnetic suspension and magnetic confinement technology, and metal wire material under the influence of the inductive heating, adds in sensing
During the bottom of hot-zone, metal wire material surface temperature can first reach molten condition, thus can form into drop and fall, but in magnetic suspension
In the presence of technology, this partial drop can keep synchronous with metal wire material and enter plasma range of atomization, so as to ensure that plasma
The stabilization of body range of atomization charging.In addition, also ensure that safely can be heated to a higher temperature by metal wire material, reduce
The time required to it is melted completely under plasmatorch effect.
Beneficial effect：The utility model by multichannel wire tranmission techniques, high frequency melting technique, magnetic levitation technology and wait from
Daughter atomization technology of preparing be combined together, the utility model can be realized while continuous feed is ensured, realize inlet amount into
Some multiple increases;The sensing heating of bottom can fully heat wire wire harness to melting or partially molten state, while in fact
Now the charging of non-puddle and puddle is stable, avoids the avalanche of tinsel fused mass;Under the auxiliary of sensing heating,
The atomizing of plasmatorch is greatly released, and technology of preparing is atomized compared to traditional plasma, is ensureing metal
On the premise of particle sphericity and particle diameter, realize refractory metal powder manufacture into multiple increase.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model device.
Fig. 2 is the separating device schematic diagram of each the Silk Road of wire.
Fig. 3 is that plasma torch arranges schematic top plan view.
Fig. 4 is plasma torch and wire schematic front view.
Embodiment
In order to more fully understand the utility model, phase of the present utility model is furtherd elucidate with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing
Hold inside the Pass, but content of the present utility model is not limited solely to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-4, the apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique, including feeder compartment 1, sensing add
Heat fusing room 2, plasmatorch room 5, spray chamber 7 and powder collecting chamber 8,
The upper end of feeder compartment 1 is dynamic sealing device 101, the inside of feeder compartment 1 be provided with multichannel wire continuous feed mechanism and
Straightening mechanism 102, the lower section of feeder compartment 1 melt room 2 for sensing heating, be provided between feeder compartment 1 and sensing heating melting room 2 every
Plate 3, a vertical wire guiding tube 4 are applied between feeder compartment 1 and sensing heating melting room 2, sensing heating melting room 2
Interior to be provided with induction heating apparatus and magnetic confinement device, induction heating apparatus is induction coil, and the magnetic confinement device is magnetic suspension
Coil, magnetic suspension coil are located at the lower section of induction coil, and two groups of coils can control alone, and frequency and power are controllable, institute
It is small compared with the induction coil to state magnetic suspension constraint coil frequency.Induction heating apparatus can heat wire bundle to complete melting or
Person's tow outer layer molten condition, magnetic confinement device are located at below induction heating apparatus, for constraining the gold in molten condition
Belong to liquid, prevent it from, from complete melting either peeling or avalanche on the wire of partial melting, ensureing metal liquid stream with stable
Speed and flow enter the plasmatorch room with wire, be atomized；
The lower section of sensing heating melting room 2 is plasmatorch room 5, and plasmatorch room 5 is bullet, if its conical surface position is provided with
A dry evenly distributed plasmatorch 6 is passed through inside plasmatorch room 5, and plasmatorch 6 can send high-energy-density and high temperature
Beam-plasma, for the wire bundle for further heating and melting described partial melting or described complete fused solution, and
Broken fused solution, forms molten drop；
The bottom connection spray chamber 7 of plasmatorch room 5, liquid stream is melted for atomization metal, and condenses the molten drop,
The bottom of spray chamber 7 is the back taper bodily form and is connected with following powder collecting chamber 8；The lower central position of spray chamber 7 is provided with gas
Body outlet conduit 9, gases exit line 9 connect cyclone separator 10.The wall of spray chamber 7 is provided with cooling jacket, for cooling down
It is metal dust in the molten drop that spray chamber 7 is formed.
Spray chamber reverse taper top is provided with the evenly distributed blow device 11 of several circular spray chambers, regular using argon gas
Purging is deposited on the particulate matter on the reverse taper wall of spray chamber bottom.Positioned at the top of blow device 11 provided with cold on spray chamber 7
But airduct 12, for further cooling down high-temperature metal-powder.
The exit of gases exit line 9 is provided with aft cover plate 13, it is therefore intended that sucks gas from surrounding, guides spray chamber 7
Top nebulization region air-flow spreads to surrounding, so that drop spreads out as far as possible, avoids droplets from collision and forms satellite powder.
The quantity of plasmatorch 6 is 4（Such as Fig. 3）, the high-energy-density beam-plasma that plasmatorch 6 is sent converges at one
Focus, the focus are located on the radial section central point of the multi beam groups of metal filaments（Such as Fig. 4）, the multiple plasmatorch 6
Set around kernel of section line rotational symmetry.
The metal powder preparation method of embodiment 2
The present embodiment chooses 4 a diameter of 10mm Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy wires synthetic fibre 14（Such as Fig. 2）, it is each passed through
Dynamic sealing device 101, by feeding mechanism and straightening mechanism 102 after, wire guiding tube 4 convey wire 14 arrive sensing heating
Melter 2, normal rear closing feed system power supply is tested, closes feed space.Then whole system is vacuumized, vacuum
Reach 1X10-4After Pa, system is sprayed into using high-purity argon gas, device interior gas pressure is returned to normal pressure 0.1Mpa.Open sense
Heater and magnetic confinement device are answered, feed arrangement is opened, makes its work.
Vertically downward, pre-heating temperature elevation melts, Huo Zhejin wire 14 completely to close to fusion temperature in electromagnetic field of high frequency
Belong to the melting of silk outer layer, melt or the wire of partial melting continues to move downward, into magnetic suspension induction region, in magnetic force
Under constraint and effect, prevent that wire fuses avalanche completely or metal melting drop falls；Sensing heating wire coil
It can be controlled respectively with magnetic confinement coil, frequency and power are controllable according to running situation；
Wire 14 enters plasma chamber 5, is risen already close to the wire 14 of melting in the plasma torch of high temperature
It is warm rapid, broken up by the impact of high temperature and high speed inert gas, carry out primary fragmentation.Because four plasmatorch 6 are symmetrically and evenly distributed,
The air-flow of plasmatorch 6 of two mirror image distributions is mutually hit in intersection, and then carries out second-time breakage to the drop of primary fragmentation.
In the presence of very high temperature plasma flame, drop is easily heated to high temperature in the very short time time, and surface tension reduces, so as to pole
Smaller molten drop easily is fractured into, also has time enough to carry out contraction and forms the high metal dust of sphericity, molten metal
Drop enters spray chamber 7, is cooled down in gravity settlement process and condenses into metal dust, the metal dust of big particle diameter enters spray chamber 7
The powder collecting chamber 8 of bottom, the metal dust of small particle flow into cyclone separator from gases exit line 13 together in company with gas
10 realize gas solid separation.
Above-mentioned all steps are carried out under inert gas conditions.The yield of titanium alloy metal dust prepared by this method is reachable
20kg/h。
Do not done in the utility model illustrate be prior art or by prior art i.e. can be achieved, Er Qieben
It is only preferably case study on implementation of the present utility model that case is embodied described in utility model, is not used for limiting this practicality
New practical range.The equivalent changes and modifications that i.e. all contents according to present utility model application the scope of the claims are made, should all make
For technology category of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique, it is characterised in that including feeder compartment（1）, sense
Melter should be heated（2）, plasmatorch room（5）, spray chamber（7）With powder collecting chamber（8）,
Feeder compartment（1）Upper end be dynamic sealing device（101）, feeder compartment（1）Inside is provided with multichannel wire continuous feed mechanism
And straightening mechanism（102）, the lower section of feeder compartment melts room for sensing heating（2）, feeder compartment（1）Room is melted with sensing heating（2）
Between be provided with dividing plate（3）, a vertical wire guiding tube（4）It is applied in feeder compartment（1）Room is melted with sensing heating（2）It
Between, sensing heating melting room（2）It is interior to be provided with induction heating apparatus and magnetic confinement device；
Sensing heating melts room（2）Lower section is plasmatorch room（5）, plasmatorch room（5）For bullet, its conical surface position is provided with
Several evenly distributed plasmatorch（6）It is passed through plasmatorch room（5）Inside, plasmatorch room（5）Bottom connection atomization
Room（7）, spray chamber（7）Bottom for the back taper bodily form and with following powder collecting chamber（8）It is connected；Spray chamber（7）Bottom in
Centre position is provided with gases exit line（9）, gases exit line（9）Connect cyclone separator（10）.
2. preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spray chamber（7）Wall be provided with cooling jacket.
3. preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spray chamber（7）Reverse taper top is provided with some
The evenly distributed blow device of individual circular spray chamber（11）, cooling duct is provided with positioned at the top of blow device（12）.
4. preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the gases exit line（9）Exit be provided with
Aft cover plate（13）.
5. preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plasmatorch（6）Quantity is 4, described etc.
Ion torch（6）The high-energy-density beam-plasma sent converges at a focus, and the focus is located at the footpath of multi beam groups of metal filaments
To on kernel of section point, 4 plasmatorch（6）Set around kernel of section line rotational symmetry.
6. preparation facilities according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the induction heating apparatus is induction coil, described
Magnetic confinement device is magnetic suspension coil, and magnetic suspension coil is located at the lower section of induction coil.
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| CN201720571471.7U CN206912255U (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | A kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder based on plasma atomization technique |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107175337A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-19 | 加拿大艾浦莱斯有限公司 | A kind of metal powder preparation method and its device based on plasma atomization technique |
| CN109940167A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-06-28 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | A kind of rotation electrode fuel pulverizing plant and method |
| CN110216294A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 苏州猛犸新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Ni-Ti-Y multicomponent compound metal micro mist |
| WO2019178668A1 (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2019-09-26 | Pyrogenesis Canada Inc. | Method and apparatus for the production of high purity spherical metallic powders from a molten feedstock |
| CN110294509A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-01 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Liquid handling device |
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2017
- 2017-05-22 CN CN201720571471.7U patent/CN206912255U/en active Active
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107175337A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-19 | 加拿大艾浦莱斯有限公司 | A kind of metal powder preparation method and its device based on plasma atomization technique |
| WO2019178668A1 (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2019-09-26 | Pyrogenesis Canada Inc. | Method and apparatus for the production of high purity spherical metallic powders from a molten feedstock |
| CN112512733A (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2021-03-16 | 加拿大派罗杰尼斯有限公司 | Method and apparatus for producing high-purity spherical metal powder from molten raw material |
| US11772159B2 (en) * | 2018-03-17 | 2023-10-03 | Pyrogenesis Canada Inc. | Method and apparatus for the production of high purity spherical metallic powders from a molten feedstock |
| CN110294509A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-01 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Liquid handling device |
| CN109940167A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-06-28 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | A kind of rotation electrode fuel pulverizing plant and method |
| CN109940167B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2022-03-01 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Rotary electrode powder making device and method |
| CN110216294A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 苏州猛犸新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Ni-Ti-Y multicomponent compound metal micro mist |
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